Justifying Ethics

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Justifying Ethics

Author : Jan Gorecki
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351510339
Total Pages : 133 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (515 download)

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Book Synopsis Justifying Ethics by : Jan Gorecki

Download or read book Justifying Ethics written by Jan Gorecki and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-12-02 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Human rights include individual rights against government oppression, such as the right to freedom of thought, religion, speech, assembly, and to a fair system of criminal justice. But even in this basic political sense, ""human rights"" means different things in different historical and cultural contexts and advocacy of such rights has frequently been viewed as subjective. Justifying Ethics offers a thorough critique of the most common attempts to formulate objective standards through appeals to human nature, religion, and reason. Gorecki opens his inquiry by considering the role of norm-making concepts in the history of ethical thought: how standards of rights were claimed to conform to human nature and reason or have been stipulated by an external authoritative source such as God or social contracts. He then shows how such justifications may be discounted on analytical or practical grounds using such examples as divine will, Kantian reason, and the truth value of moral judgments. With respect to empirically grounded appeals to human nature, Gorecki argues against the notion that the innate plasticity of human behavior and potential for social diversity is sufficient grounds for human rights activity without objective justification. The search for justification remains essential in enhancing the persuasiveness of ethical action that aims at the moral ""contagion"" of the people by the human rights experience and the transition from moral acceptance to legal implementation.Broad in intellectual scope, Justifying Ethics draws upon moral and political philosophy, social policy, psychology, history, jurisprudence, and international law to clarify the prerequisites for the success of human rights activity. The book will be of special interest to political theorists, philosophers, sociologists, and human rights activists."

Moral Theory and Moral Judgments in Medical Ethics

Author : B.A. Brody
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400927150
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Moral Theory and Moral Judgments in Medical Ethics by : B.A. Brody

Download or read book Moral Theory and Moral Judgments in Medical Ethics written by B.A. Brody and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: principles. A second solution to this problem is to develop a scale for weighing the significance of the conflicting principles in a given case and for concluding which action should be adopted because it is supported by the weightier considerations in that case. Such a solution seems more realistic than the lexical ordering approach, but the development of such a scale is a problematic task. Still other, more complex solutions are possible. Which is the best solution to this problem of conflicting principles of bioethics? We need a moral theory to answer that question. This is the first reason for concluding that the principles of bioethics are not the true foundations of justified judgment in bioethics. What is the problem of the unclear scope and implications of the principles of bioethics and how can an appeal to moral theory help deal with that problem? The scope of a bioethical principle is the range of cases in which it applies. The implications of a bioethical principle are the conclusions to be derived from that principle in those cases in which it applies. It is clear from a review of the discussions in bioethics that there are major unclarities about the scope and implications of each of the principles. Consider, for example, the principle of autonomy.

Justifying Emotions

Author : Kristjan Kristjansson
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134500327
Total Pages : 303 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (345 download)

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Book Synopsis Justifying Emotions by : Kristjan Kristjansson

Download or read book Justifying Emotions written by Kristjan Kristjansson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2003-08-27 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The two central emotions of pride and jealousy have long been held to have no role in moral judgements, and have been a source of controversy in both ethics and moral psychology. Kristjan Kristjansson challenges this common view and argues that emotions are central to moral excellence and that both pride and jealousy are indeed ingredients of a well-rounded virtuous life.

How Hume and Kant Reconstruct Natural Law

Author : Kenneth R. Westphal
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0191064122
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis How Hume and Kant Reconstruct Natural Law by : Kenneth R. Westphal

Download or read book How Hume and Kant Reconstruct Natural Law written by Kenneth R. Westphal and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-04-07 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Kenneth R. Westphal presents an original interpretation of Hume's and Kant's moral philosophies, the differences between which are prominent in current philosophical accounts. Westphal argues that focussing on these differences, however, occludes a decisive, shared achievement: a distinctive constructivist method to identify basic moral principles and to justify their strict objectivity, without invoking moral realism nor moral anti-realism or irrealism. Their constructivism is based on Hume's key insight that 'though the laws of justice are artificial, they are not arbitrary'. Arbitrariness in basic moral principles is avoided by starting with fundamental problems of social coördination which concern outward behaviour and physiological needs; basic principles of justice are artificial because solving those problems does not require appeal to moral realism (nor to moral anti-realism). Instead, moral cognitivism is preserved by identifying sufficient justifying reasons, which can be addressed to all parties, for the minimum sufficient legitimate principles and institutions required to provide and protect basic forms of social coördination (including verbal behaviour). Hume first develops this kind of constructivism for basic property rights and for government. Kant greatly refines Hume's construction of justice within his 'metaphysical principles of justice', whilst preserving the core model of Hume's innovative constructivism. Hume's and Kant's constructivism avoids the conventionalist and relativist tendencies latent if not explicit in contemporary forms of moral constructivism.

Understanding Ethical Failures in Leadership

Author : Terry Price
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521837243
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (218 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Ethical Failures in Leadership by : Terry Price

Download or read book Understanding Ethical Failures in Leadership written by Terry Price and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Price brings a multi-disciplinary approach to an understanding of why leaders fail ethically.

The Right to Justification

Author : Rainer Forst
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231147082
Total Pages : 370 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (311 download)

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Book Synopsis The Right to Justification by : Rainer Forst

Download or read book The Right to Justification written by Rainer Forst and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contemporary philosophical pluralism recognizes the inevitability and legitimacy of multiple ethical perspectives and values, making it difficult to isolate the higher-order principles on which to base a theory of justice. Rising up to meet this challenge, Rainer Forst, a leading member of the Frankfurt School's newest generation of philosophers, conceives of an "autonomous" construction of justice founded on what he calls the basic moral right to justification. Forst begins by identifying this right from the perspective of moral philosophy. Then, through an innovative, detailed critical analysis, he ties together the central components of social and political justice--freedom, democracy, equality, and toleration--and joins them to the right to justification. The resulting theory treats "justificatory power" as the central question of justice, and by adopting this approach, Forst argues, we can discursively work out, or "construct," principles of justice, especially with respect to transnational justice and human rights issues. As he builds his theory, Forst engages with the work of Anglo-American philosophers such as John Rawls, Ronald Dworkin, and Amartya Sen, and critical theorists such as Jürgen Habermas, Nancy Fraser, and Axel Honneth. Straddling multiple subjects, from politics and law to social protest and philosophical conceptions of practical reason, Forst brilliantly gathers contesting claims around a single, elastic theory of justice.

On Justifying Moral Judgements (Routledge Revivals)

Author : Lawrence C. Becker
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317703278
Total Pages : 214 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)

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Book Synopsis On Justifying Moral Judgements (Routledge Revivals) by : Lawrence C. Becker

Download or read book On Justifying Moral Judgements (Routledge Revivals) written by Lawrence C. Becker and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-06-17 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much discussion of morality presupposes that moral judgments are always, at bottom, arbitrary. Moral scepticism, or at least moral relativism, has become common currency among the liberally educated. This remains the case even while political crises become intractable, and it is increasingly apparent that the scope of public policy formulated with no reference to moral justification is extremely limited. The thesis of On Justifying Moral Judgments insists, on the contrary, that rigorous justifications are possible for moral judgments. Crucially, Becker argues for the coordination of the three main approaches to moral theory: axiology, deontology, and agent morality. A pluralistic account of the concept of value is expounded, and a solution to the problem of ultimate justification is suggested. Analyses of valuation, evaluation, the ‘is-ought’ issue, and the concepts of obligation, responsibility and the good person are all incorporated into the main line of argument.

Morality

Author : Bernard Gert
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0195122569
Total Pages : 426 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (951 download)

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Book Synopsis Morality by : Bernard Gert

Download or read book Morality written by Bernard Gert and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1998 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this final revision of the classic work, the author has produced the fullest and most sophisticated account of this influential theoretical model. Here, he makes clear that morality is an informal system that does not provide unique answers to every moral question but does always limit the range of morally acceptable options, and so explains why some moral disagreements cannot be resolved. The importance placed on the moral ideals also makes clear that the moral rules are only one part of the moral system. A chapter that is devoted to justifying violations of the rules illustrates how the moral rules are embedded in the system and cannot be adequately understood independently of it. The chapter on reasons includes a new account of what makes one reason better than another and elucidates the complex hybrid nature of rationality.

Kant's Justification of Ethics

Author : Owen Ware
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192589814
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis Kant's Justification of Ethics by : Owen Ware

Download or read book Kant's Justification of Ethics written by Owen Ware and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021-02-01 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Kant's arguments for the reality of human freedom and the normativity of the moral law continue to inspire work in contemporary moral philosophy. Many prominent ethicists invoke Kant, directly or indirectly, in their efforts to derive the authority of moral requirements from a more basic conception of action, agency, or rationality. But many commentators have detected a deep rift between the Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals and the Critique of Practical Reason, leaving Kant's project of justification exposed to conflicting assessments and interpretations. In this ground-breaking study of Kant, Owen Ware defends the controversial view that Kant's mature writings on ethics share a unified commitment to the moral law's primacy. Using both close analysis and historical contextualization, Owen Ware overturns a paradigmatic way of reading Kant's arguments for morality and freedom, situating them within Kant's critical methodology at large. The result is a novel understanding of Kant that challenges much of what goes under the banner of Kantian arguments for moral normativity today.

Challenge and Response

Author : Carl Wellman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (39 download)

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Book Synopsis Challenge and Response by : Carl Wellman

Download or read book Challenge and Response written by Carl Wellman and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mr. Wellman's highly original contribution to the relatively new field of justification in ethics consists of characterizing the different ways in which ethical statements can be challenged and showing how each sort of challenge can be met by an appropriate response, enabling reasonable men to appropriately discuss or reflect on ethical issues. In developing his unique, systematic, methodology of ethics, Mr. Wellman has, first, rigorously reviewed and refuted the main arguments for the view of the nature of all reasoning as deductive and, second, convincingly presented arguments for the existence of nondeductive evidences in ethics. Mr. Wellman's broad definition of reasoning and his rejection of the identification of justification with reasoning reveals new dimensions of justification which will have wide implications in other areas of human speculation.

On Moral Certainty, Justification and Practice

Author : J. Hermann
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1137447184
Total Pages : 229 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (374 download)

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Book Synopsis On Moral Certainty, Justification and Practice by : J. Hermann

Download or read book On Moral Certainty, Justification and Practice written by J. Hermann and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-06-23 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Taking inspiration from the later Wittgenstein, On Moral Certainty, Justification and Practice explores the practical basis of human morality. It offers an account of moral certainty, which it links with a view of moral competence. Drawing on everyday examples, it is shown how morality is grounded in action, not in reasoning.

Justifying the Obligation to Die

Author : Ilan Zvi Baron
Publisher : Lexington Books
ISBN 13 : 0739129759
Total Pages : 297 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (391 download)

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Book Synopsis Justifying the Obligation to Die by : Ilan Zvi Baron

Download or read book Justifying the Obligation to Die written by Ilan Zvi Baron and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2009-06-16 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the state's key features is its ability to oblige its citizens to risk their lives on its behalf by being sent into war. However, what is it about the state (or its equivalent) that makes this obligation justifiable? Justifying the Obligation to Die is the first monograph to explore systematically how this obligation has been justified. Using key texts from political philosophy and just war theory, it provides a critical survey of how this obligation has been justified and, using illustrations from Zionist thought and practice, demonstrates how the various arguments for the obligation have functioned. The obligation to risk one's life for the state is often presumed by theorists and practitioners who take the state for granted, but for the Zionists, a people without a state but in search of one and who have little history of state-based political thought, it became necessary to explain this obligation. As such, this book examines Zionism as a Jewish political theory, reading it alongside the tradition of Western political thought, and critiques how Zionist thought and practice sought to justify this obligation to risk one's life in war_what Michael Walzer termed 'the obligation to die.' Finally, turning to the political thought of Hannah Arendt, the author suggests how the obligation could become justifiable, although never entirely justified. For the obligation to become at all justifiable, the type of politics that the state enables must respect human diversity and individuality and restrict violence so that violence is not a continuation of politics.

Ethics and Law

Author : W. Bradley Wendel
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107042569
Total Pages : 263 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Ethics and Law by : W. Bradley Wendel

Download or read book Ethics and Law written by W. Bradley Wendel and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-10-16 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combining theory with real-world examples, this book explores the classic problems of legal ethics and the philosophy of law.

On Justifying Moral Judgments

Author : Lawrence C. Becker
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780391002715
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (27 download)

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Book Synopsis On Justifying Moral Judgments by : Lawrence C. Becker

Download or read book On Justifying Moral Judgments written by Lawrence C. Becker and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Moral Rules

Author : Bernard Gert
Publisher : HarperCollins Publishers
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Moral Rules by : Bernard Gert

Download or read book The Moral Rules written by Bernard Gert and published by HarperCollins Publishers. This book was released on 1973 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Ethics and the History of Indian Philosophy

Author : Shyam Ranganathan
Publisher : Motilal Banarsidass Publishe
ISBN 13 : 9788120831933
Total Pages : 436 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Ethics and the History of Indian Philosophy by : Shyam Ranganathan

Download or read book Ethics and the History of Indian Philosophy written by Shyam Ranganathan and published by Motilal Banarsidass Publishe. This book was released on 2007 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ethics and the History of Indian Philosophy, by Shyam Ranganathan, presents a compelling, systematic explication of the moral philosophical content of history of Indian philosophy in contrast to the received wisdom in Indology and comparative philosophy that Indian philosophers were scarcely interested in ethics. Unlike most works on the topic, this book makes a case for the positive place of ethics in the history of Indian philosophy by drawing upon recent work in metaethics and metamorality, and by providing a through analysis of the meaning of moral concepts and PHILOSOPHY itself- in addition to explicating the texts of Indian authors. In Ranganathan`s account, Indian philosophy shines with distinct options in ethics that find their likeness in the writings of the Ancient in the West, such as Plato and the Neo-Platonists, and not in the anthropocentric or positivistic options that have dominated the recent Western tradition.

Ethical Life

Author : Harry Redner
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 9780742512337
Total Pages : 364 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (123 download)

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Book Synopsis Ethical Life by : Harry Redner

Download or read book Ethical Life written by Harry Redner and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2001 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Australian philosopher of science Redner argues that cultural life consists of three fundamental aspects: representation, ethos, and technics. This is the second of four volumes setting out a comprehensive theory of human culture. The first is A New Science of Representation, the third and companion to the second will be Aesthetic Life, and the third will be The Triumph of Technics. His conclusion at the end of the series is that the contemporary global culture is a triumph of technics over representation and ethos. c. Book News Inc.