Jihad In Sub Saharan Africa

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Horn, Sahel, and Rift

Author : Stig Jarle Hansen
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 1787382788
Total Pages : 330 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (873 download)

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Book Synopsis Horn, Sahel, and Rift by : Stig Jarle Hansen

Download or read book Horn, Sahel, and Rift written by Stig Jarle Hansen and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-07-01 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 1998 attaThe 1998 attacks against US embassies in Nairobi and Dar es Salaam attest to al-Qaeda's durable presence in Africa, yet Islamist-inspired radical organisations in the continent have gained much attention of late, the result of their campaigns of insurgent and terrorist violence directed against the state in Algeria, Somalia, Nigeria, Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger, Tanzania, Ethiopia, Uganda, Djibouti and Kenya. These groups include Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb, Harakat Al Shabaab, Boko Haram, the Movement for Oneness and Jihad in West Africa, and Ansar Dine. This book explains why the Idea of Jihad is alive and well in sub-Saharan Africa, even after more than thirty years of Western and global efforts to curtail it, and how most important organisations are formed by the interaction between the often under-estimated local and global dynamics. Stig Jarle Hansen has been researching African radical violent Islamism for more than fifteen years and is well placed to explain how and why such groups emerged, whether they manifest any specific traits compared with other violent Islamists, and what is likely to be their impact beyond the African continent. He also discusses the response of African and Western governments to this phenomenon cks against US embassies in Nairobi and Dar-es-Salaam attest to al-Qaeda's durable presence in Africa, yet Islamist-inspired radical organizations in the continent have gained much attention of late, the result of their campaigns of insurgent and terrorist violence directed against the state in Algeria, Somalia, Nigeria, Mali and Kenya. These groups include Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb, Harakat Al Shabaab, Boko Haram, the Movement for Oneness and Jihad in West Africa and Ansar Dine. Evidence has emerged to suggest that beyond shared political objectives they are also collaborating in terms of finance, propaganda, arms transfers and training, while Western governments believe some of them maintain links with Al-Qaeda "central." Stig Jarle Hansen has been researching African radical violent Islamism for more than ten years and is well placed to explain how and why such groups emerged, whether they manifest any specific traits compared with other violent Islamists, and what is likely to be their impact beyond the African continent. He also discusses the response of African and Western governments to this phenomenon.

Jihadists of North Africa and the Sahel

Author : Alexander Thurston
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108488668
Total Pages : 361 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Jihadists of North Africa and the Sahel by : Alexander Thurston

Download or read book Jihadists of North Africa and the Sahel written by Alexander Thurston and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-10-29 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers unique insights into the inner workings of jihadist organisations over the past three decades in North Africa and the Sahel.

Africanistan

Author : Serge Michailof
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199092702
Total Pages : 560 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (99 download)

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Book Synopsis Africanistan by : Serge Michailof

Download or read book Africanistan written by Serge Michailof and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-06-29 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Africa, progress can be seen across the board. But the important question is whether this so-called progress is sustainable. The continent is a powder keg: the powder is demographics and unemployment the detonator. By 2050, the number of young people of working age in Africa is expected to be three times that of China’s. But will there be enough jobs for them? What is troubling for the continent is even more dramatic for the Sahel, a huge region of about 100 million inhabitants where insecurity is spreading like a bushfire. Despite major differences in geography and culture, there are huge similarities between the Sahel and Afghanistan: a demographic impasse, stagnating agriculture, widespread rural misery, high unemployment, deep ethnic and religious fault lines, weak states, regional instability, drug trafficking, and the spread of radical Islam. And unfortunately the same recipes that failed in Afghanistan are being rolled out in the Sahel. Are we headed to a ‘Sahelistan’ and to an ‘Africanistan’? Serge Michailof helps us find the answer to this important question.

Beyond Jihad

Author : Lamin O. Sanneh
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199351619
Total Pages : 377 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (993 download)

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Book Synopsis Beyond Jihad by : Lamin O. Sanneh

Download or read book Beyond Jihad written by Lamin O. Sanneh and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the course of the last 1400 years, Islam has grown from a small band of followers on the Arabian peninsula into a global religion of over a billion believers. How did this happen? The usual answer is that Islam spread by the sword-believers waged jihad against rival tribes and kingdoms and forced them to convert. Lamin Sanneh argues that this is far from the whole story. Beyond Jihad examines the origin and evolution of the African pacifist tradition in Islam, beginning with an inquiry into the faith's origins and expansion in North Africa and its transmission across trans-Saharan trade routes to West Africa. The book focuses on the ways in which, without jihad, the religion spread and took hold, and what that tells us about the nature of religious and social change. At the heart of this process were clerics who used religious and legal scholarship to promote Islam. Once this clerical class emerged, it offered continuity and stability in the midst of political changes and cultural shifts, helping to inhibit the spread of radicalism, and subduing the urge to wage jihad. With its policy of religious and inter-ethnic accommodation, this pacifist tradition took Islam beyond traditional trade routes and kingdoms into remote districts of the Mali Empire, instilling a patient, Sufi-inspired, and jihad-negating impulse into religious life and practice. Islam was successful in Africa, Sanneh argues, not because of military might but because it was made African by Africans who adapted it to a variety of contexts.

Unmasking Boko Haram

Author : Jacob Zenn
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781626378780
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (787 download)

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Book Synopsis Unmasking Boko Haram by : Jacob Zenn

Download or read book Unmasking Boko Haram written by Jacob Zenn and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The kidnapping of 276 schoolgirls from the village of Chibok, Nigeria, in 2014 drew the world's attention to the previously little-known extremist group Boko Haram. Numerous questions followed, among them: Where did Boko Haram come from? What explains the rise of this militant Islamic group and its increasingly violent actions? What is its relationship to the Islamic State? Jacob Zenn addresses these questions in his detailed chronicle of the foundation of Boko Haram, its strategy and tactics, and its evolution as a global Jihadist movement. Drawing on exclusive interviews and extensive primary sources in Arabic and Hausa, Zenn reveals the group's inner working and the dynamics of its trajectory.

Jihad in Sub-Saharan Africa

Author : Jonathan Matusitz
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031537009
Total Pages : 310 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (315 download)

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Book Synopsis Jihad in Sub-Saharan Africa by : Jonathan Matusitz

Download or read book Jihad in Sub-Saharan Africa written by Jonathan Matusitz and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Islam in Africa South of the Sahara

Author : Pade Badru
Publisher : Scarecrow Press
ISBN 13 : 0810884704
Total Pages : 429 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis Islam in Africa South of the Sahara by : Pade Badru

Download or read book Islam in Africa South of the Sahara written by Pade Badru and published by Scarecrow Press. This book was released on 2013-05-23 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Islam in Africa South of the Sahara: Essays in Gender Relations and Political Reform draws together contributions from scholars that focus on changes taking place in the practice of the religion and their effects on the political terrain and civil society. Contributors explore the dramatic changes in gender relations within Islam on the continent, occasioned in part by the events of 9/11 and the response of various Islamic states to growing negative media coverage. These explorations of the dynamics of religious change, reconfigured gender relations, and political reform consider not only the role of state authorities but the impact of ordinary Muslim women who have taken to challenging the surbodinate role assigned to them in Islam. Essays are far-ranging in their scope as the future of Islam in sub-Saharan Africa falls under the microscope, with contributing addressing such topics as the Islamic view of the historic Arab enslavement of Africans and colonialist ventures; studies of gender politics in Gambia, northern Nigeria, and Ghana; surveys of the impact of Sharia law in Nigeria and Sudan; the political role of Islam in Somalia, South Africa, and African diaspora communities. Islam in Africa South of the Sahara is an ideal reader for students and scholars of international politics, comparative theology, race and ethnicity, comparative sociology, African and Islamic studies.

The Archaeology of Islam in Sub-Saharan Africa

Author : Timothy Insoll
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521657020
Total Pages : 492 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (57 download)

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Book Synopsis The Archaeology of Islam in Sub-Saharan Africa by : Timothy Insoll

Download or read book The Archaeology of Islam in Sub-Saharan Africa written by Timothy Insoll and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-07-03 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Table of contents

Insurgency and War in Nigeria

Author : Akali Omeni
Publisher : I.B. Tauris
ISBN 13 : 1788311280
Total Pages : 289 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (883 download)

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Book Synopsis Insurgency and War in Nigeria by : Akali Omeni

Download or read book Insurgency and War in Nigeria written by Akali Omeni and published by I.B. Tauris. This book was released on 2019-12-12 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Boko Haram is the major threat to the Nigerian state, and has emerged as a destabilizing factor across sub-Saharan Africa. This is now a major focus of global policy-making, as between 2013 and 2014 insurgency-related deaths in Nigeria exceeded those in Iraq and Afghanistan. This book is the first to focus on the military nature of Boko Haram, the reasons for its success in those specific regions of the Chad basin it operates in and a detailed history of the Nigerian army's counter-insurgency – with whom, uniquely, the author has spent research time. The book identifies and analyses the battles and skirmishes on the front line, as well as unearthing a wider explanation for Boko Haram's military success and the causes of the instability in the region.

Muslims Beyond the Arab World

Author : Fallou Ngom
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190279869
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Muslims Beyond the Arab World by : Fallou Ngom

Download or read book Muslims Beyond the Arab World written by Fallou Ngom and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Muslims beyond the Arab World explores the vibrant tradition of writing African languages using the modified Arabic script ('Ajami) alongside the rise of the Muridiyya Sufi order in Senegal. The book demonstrates how the development of the 'Ajami literary tradition is entwined with the flourishing of the Muridiyya into one of sub-Saharan Africa's most powerful and dynamic Sufi organizations. It offers a close reading of the rich hagiographic and didactic written, recited, and chanted 'Ajami texts of the Muridiyya, works largely unknown to scholars. The texts describe the life and Sufi odyssey of the order's founder, Shaykh Ahmadu Bamba Mbakke (1853-1927), his conflicts with local rulers and Muslim clerics and the French colonial administration, and the traditions and teachings he championed that permanently shaped the identity and behaviors of his followers. Fallou Ngom evaluates prevailing representations of the Muridiyya movement and offers alternative perspectives. He demonstrates how the Mur'ds used their written, recited, and chanted 'Ajami materials as an effective mass communication tool in conveying to the masses Bamba's poignant odyssey, doctrine, the virtues he stood for and cultivated among his followers-self-esteem, self-reliance, strong faith, work ethic, pursuit of excellence, determination, nonviolence, and optimism in the face of adversity-without the knowledge of the French colonial administration and many academics. Muslims beyond the Arab World argues that this is the source of the resilience, appeal, and expansion of Muridiyya, which has fascinated observers since its inception in 1883.

Road Warriors

Author : Daniel Byman
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190646535
Total Pages : 393 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis Road Warriors by : Daniel Byman

Download or read book Road Warriors written by Daniel Byman and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-05-02 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ever since the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979, fighters from abroad have journeyed in ever-greater numbers to conflict zones in the Muslim world to defend Islam from-in their view-infidels and apostates. The phenomenon recently reached its apogee in Syria, where the foreign fighter population quickly became larger and more diverse than in any previous conflict. In Road Warriors, Daniel Byman provides a sweeping history of the jihadist foreign fighter movement. He begins by chronicling the movement's birth in Afghanistan, its growing pains in Bosnia and Chechnya, and its emergence as a major source of terrorism in the West in the 1990s, culminating in the 9/11 attacks. Since that bloody day, the foreign fighter movement has seen major ups and downs. It rode high after the 2003 US invasion of Iraq, when the ultra-violent Al Qaeda in Iraq (AQI) attracted thousands of foreign fighters. AQI overreached, however, and suffered a crushing defeat. Demonstrating the resilience of the movement, however, AQI reemerged anew during the Syrian civil war as the Islamic State, attracting tens of thousands of fighters from around the world and spawning the bloody 2015 attacks in Paris among hundreds of other strikes. Although casualty rates are usually high, the survivors of Afghanistan, Syria, and other fields of jihad often became skilled professional warriors, going from one war to the next. Still others returned to their home countries, some to peaceful retirement but a deadly few to conduct terrorist attacks. Over time, both the United States and Europe have learned to adapt. Before 9/11, volunteers went to and fro to Afghanistan and other hotspots with little interference. Today, the United States and its allies have developed a global program to identify, arrest, and kill foreign fighters. Much remains to be done, however-jihadist ideas and networks are by now deeply embedded, even as groups such as Al Qaeda and the Islamic State rise and fall. And as Byman makes abundantly clear, the problem is not likely to go away any time soon.

Transatlantic Security from the Sahel to the Horn of Africa

Author : Riccardo Alcaro
Publisher : Edizioni Nuova Cultura
ISBN 13 : 8868122731
Total Pages : 140 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (681 download)

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Book Synopsis Transatlantic Security from the Sahel to the Horn of Africa by : Riccardo Alcaro

Download or read book Transatlantic Security from the Sahel to the Horn of Africa written by Riccardo Alcaro and published by Edizioni Nuova Cultura. This book was released on 2014-05-21 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the so-called Arab Spring has slid into political uncertainty, lingering insecurity and civil conflict, European and American initial enthusiasm for anti-authoritarian protests has given way to growing concerns that revolutionary turmoil in North Africa may in fact have exposed the West to new risks. Critical in cementing this conviction has been the realisation that developments originated from Arab Mediterranean countries and spread to the Sahel have now such a potential to affect Western security and interests as to warrant even military intervention, as France’s operation in Mali attests. EU and US involvement in fighting piracy off the Horn of Africa had already laid bare the nexus between their security interests and protracted crises in sub-Saharan Africa. But the new centrality acquired by the Sahel after the Arab uprisings – particularly after Libya’s civil war – has elevated this nexus to a new, larger dimension. The centre of gravity of Europe’s security may be swinging to Africa, encompassing a wide portion of the continental landmass extending south of Mediterranean coastal states. The recrudescence of the terrorist threat from Mali to Algeria might pave the way to an American pivot to Africa, thus requiring fresh thinking on how the European Union and the United States can better collaborate with each other and with relevant regional actors.

Jihadism Transformed

Author : Simon Staffell
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190911255
Total Pages : 291 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (99 download)

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Book Synopsis Jihadism Transformed by : Simon Staffell

Download or read book Jihadism Transformed written by Simon Staffell and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-12-01 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jihadist narratives have evolved dramatically over the past five years, driven by momentous events in the Middle East and beyond; the death of bin Laden; the rise and ultimate failure of the Arab Spring; and most notably, the rise of the so-called Islamic State. For many years, al-Qaeda pointed to an aspirational future Caliphate as their utopian end goal - one which allowed them to justify their violent excesses in the here and now. Islamic State turned that aspiration into a dystopic reality, and in the process hijacked the jihadist narrative, breathing new life into the global Salafi-Jihadi movement. Despite air-strikes from above, and local disillusionment from below, the new caliphate has stubbornly persisted and has been at the heart of ISIS's growing global appeal. This timely collection of essays examines how jihadist narratives have changed globally, adapting to these turbulent circumstances. Area and thematic specialists consider transitions inside the Middle East and North Africa as well as in South Asia, sub-Saharan Africa and Europe. As these analyses demonstrate, the success of the ISIS narrative has been as much about resonance with local contexts, as it has been about the appeal of the global idea of a tangible and realised caliphate.

Partisans of Allah

Author : Ayesha Jalal
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674039076
Total Pages : 396 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis Partisans of Allah by : Ayesha Jalal

Download or read book Partisans of Allah written by Ayesha Jalal and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-06-30 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today, more than ever, jihad signifies the political opposition between Islam and the West. As the line drawn between Muslims and non-Muslims becomes more rigid, Jalal seeks to retrieve the ethical meanings of this core Islamic principle in South Asian history. Drawing on historical, legal, and literary sources, Jalal traces the intellectual itinerary of jihad through several centuries and across the territory connecting the Middle East with South Asia.

Connections Between Jihadist Groups and Smuggling and Illegal Trafficking Rings in the Sahel

Author : Serigne Bamba Gaye
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9782490093083
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Connections Between Jihadist Groups and Smuggling and Illegal Trafficking Rings in the Sahel by : Serigne Bamba Gaye

Download or read book Connections Between Jihadist Groups and Smuggling and Illegal Trafficking Rings in the Sahel written by Serigne Bamba Gaye and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "For a number of years, the Sahel has been faced with a series of threats, the most emblematic of which are Islamist terrorism, illegal trafficking and organized crime. These threats have contributed to the destabilization of the region and accentuated the weakness of certain States. This situation aggravates the climate of insecurity and further accentuates the risks of instability, which hardly promotes the socio-economic development of Sahelian countries. In this environment, Jihadist groups and organized crime networks flourish. These networks develop with the complicity or participation of local actors, who profit from illicit traffics in these areas where State presence is limited and States have difficulty controlling their own borders ... Through a multidisciplinary approach taking account of socio-political and economic aspects, this study seeks to clarify the nature of the relationships between organized crime and terrorism and to analyse the impact of their activities on States and local communities in a context of major political and social upheaval in the Sahel"--Back cover.

Islamic Reform in Twentieth-Century Africa

Author : Roman Loimeier
Publisher : Edinburgh University Press
ISBN 13 : 1474414915
Total Pages : 560 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (744 download)

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Book Synopsis Islamic Reform in Twentieth-Century Africa by : Roman Loimeier

Download or read book Islamic Reform in Twentieth-Century Africa written by Roman Loimeier and published by Edinburgh University Press. This book was released on 2016-09-08 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first comprehensive analysis of Muslim movements of reform in modern sub-Saharan AfricaBased on twelve case studies (Senegal, Mali, Nigeria, Niger, Chad, Sudan, Ethiopia, Somalia, Kenya, Tanzania, Zanzibar and the Comoros), this book looks at patterns and peculiarities of different traditions of Islamic reform. Considering both Sufi- and Salafi-oriented movements in their respective historical contexts, it stresses the importance of the local context to explain the different trajectories of development.The book studies the social, religious and political impact of these reform movements in both historical and contemporary times and asks why some have become successful as popular mass movements, while others failed to attract substantial audiences. It also considers jihad-minded movements in contemporary Mali, northern Nigeria and Somalia and looks at modes of transnational entanglement of movements of reform. Against the background of a general inquiry into what constitutes areform, the text responds to the question of what areform actually means for Muslims in contemporary Africa.Key featuresBiographies of reformist scholars complement the textCase studies are placed in the context of the dynamics of areform in the larger world of IslamAddresses the importance of trans-national entanglements and their formative powerFocuses on the dynamics of social and religious development, the political dynamics of Islamic areform and issues of youth, generational change and gender

Everyday Jihad

Author : Bernard Rougier
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780674025295
Total Pages : 354 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (252 download)

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Book Synopsis Everyday Jihad by : Bernard Rougier

Download or read book Everyday Jihad written by Bernard Rougier and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As southern Lebanon becomes the latest battleground for Islamist warriors, Everyday Jihad plunges us into the sprawling, heavily populated Palestinian refugee camp at Ain al-Helweh, which in the early 1990s became a site for militant Sunni Islamists. A place of refuge for Arabs hunted down in their countries of origin and a recruitment ground for young disenfranchised Palestinians, the camp--where sheikhs began actively recruiting for jihad--situated itself in the global geography of radical Islam. With pioneering fieldwork, Bernard Rougier documents how Sunni fundamentalists, combining a literal interpretation of sacred texts with a militant interpretation of jihad, took root in this Palestinian milieu. By staying very close to the religious actors, their discourse, perceptions, and means of persuasion, Rougier helps us to understand how radical religious allegiances overcome traditional nationalist sentiment and how jihadist networks grab hold in communities marked by unemployment, poverty, and despair. With the emergence of Hezbollah, the Shiite political party and guerrilla army, at the forefront of Lebanese and regional politics, relations with the Palestinians will be decisive. The Palestinian camps of Lebanon, whose disarmament is called for by the international community, constitute a contentious arena for a multitude of players: Syria and Iran, Hezbollah and the Palestinian Authority, and Bin Laden and the late Zarqawi. Witnessing everyday jihad in their midst offers readers a rare glimpse into a microcosm of the religious, sectarian, and secular struggles for the political identity of the Middle East today.