Is Environmentally Friendly Agriculture Less Profitable For Farmers Evidence On Integrated Pest Management In Bangledesh

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Is Environmentally-friendly Agriculture Less Profitable for Farmers?

Author : Susmita Dasgupta
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Is Environmentally-friendly Agriculture Less Profitable for Farmers? by : Susmita Dasgupta

Download or read book Is Environmentally-friendly Agriculture Less Profitable for Farmers? written by Susmita Dasgupta and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2004 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Concerns about the sustainability of conventional agriculture have prompted widespread introduction of integrated pest management (IPM), an ecologically-based approach to control of harmful insects and weeds. IPM is intended to reduce ecological and health damage from chemical pesticides by using natural parasites and predators to control pest populations. Since chemical pesticides are expensive for poor farmers, IPM offers the prospect of lower production costs and higher profitability. However, adoption of IPM may reduce profitability if it also lowers overall productivity, or induces more intensive use of other production factors. On the other hand, IPM may actually promote more productive farming by encouraging more skillful use of available resources. Data scarcity has hindered a full accounting of IPM's impact on profitability, health, and local ecosystems.

Is Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture Less Profitable for Farmers? Evidence on Integrated Pest Management in Bangladesh

Author : Susmita Dasgupta
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (931 download)

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Book Synopsis Is Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture Less Profitable for Farmers? Evidence on Integrated Pest Management in Bangladesh by : Susmita Dasgupta

Download or read book Is Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture Less Profitable for Farmers? Evidence on Integrated Pest Management in Bangladesh written by Susmita Dasgupta and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concerns about the sustainability of conventional agriculture have prompted widespread introduction of integrated pest management (IPM), an ecologically-based approach to control of harmful insects and weeds. IPM is intended to reduce ecological and health damage from chemical pesticides by using natural parasites and predators to control pest populations. Since chemical pesticides are expensive for poor farmers, IPM offers the prospect of lower production costs and higher profitability. However, adoption of IPM may reduce profitability if it also lowers overall productivity, or induces more intensive use of other production factors. On the other hand, IPM may actually promote more productive farming by encouraging more skillful use of available resources. Data scarcity has hindered a full accounting of IPM's impact on profitability, health, and local ecosystems. Using new survey data, the authors attempt such an accounting for rice farmers in Bangladesh. They compare outcomes for farming with IPM and conventional techniques, using input-use accounting, conventional production functions, and frontier production estimation. All of their results suggest that the productivity of IPM rice farming is not significantly different from the productivity of conventional farming. Since IPM reduces pesticide costs with no countervailing loss in production, it appears to be more profitable than conventional rice farming. The interview results also suggest substantial health and ecological benefits. However, externality problems make it difficult for farmers to adopt IPM individually. Without collective adoption, neighbors' continued reliance on chemicals to kill pests will also kill helpful parasites and predators, as well as exposing IPM farmers and local ecosystems to chemical spillovers from adjoining fields. Successful IPM adoption may therefore depend on institutional support for collective action.

Is Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture Less Profitable for Farmers? Evidence on Integrated Pest Management in Bangladesh

Author : Susmita Dasgupta
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Is Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture Less Profitable for Farmers? Evidence on Integrated Pest Management in Bangladesh by : Susmita Dasgupta

Download or read book Is Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture Less Profitable for Farmers? Evidence on Integrated Pest Management in Bangladesh written by Susmita Dasgupta and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concerns about the sustainability of conventional agriculture have prompted widespread introduction of integrated pest management (IPM), an ecologically-based approach to control of harmful insects and weeds. IPM is intended to reduce ecological and health damage from chemical pesticides by using natural parasites and predators to control pest populations. Since chemical pesticides are expensive for poor farmers, IPM offers the prospect of lower production costs and higher profitability. However, adoption of IPM may reduce profitability if it also lowers overall productivity, or induces more intensive use of other production factors. On the other hand, IPM may actually promote more productive farming by encouraging more skillful use of available resources. Data scarcity has hindered a full accounting of IPM's impact on profitability, health, and local ecosystems.Using new survey data, Dasgupta, Meisner and Wheeler attempt such an accounting for rice farmers in Bangladesh. They compare outcomes for farming with IPM and conventional techniques, using input-use accounting, conventional production functions, and frontier production estimation. All of their results suggest that the productivity of IPM rice farming is not significantly different from the productivity of conventional farming. Since IPM reduces pesticide costs with no countervailing loss in production, it appears to be more profitable than conventional rice farming. The interview results also suggest substantial health and ecological benefits. However, externality problems make it difficult for farmers to adopt IPM individually. Without collective adoption, neighbors' continued reliance on chemicals to kill pests will also kill helpful parasites and predators, as well as exposing IPM farmers and local ecosystems to chemical spillovers from adjoining fields. Successful IPM adoption may therefore depend on institutional support for collective action.This paper - a product of the Infrastructure and Environment Team, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to understand the economics of pesticide contamination in developing countries.

Sustainable Intensification

Author : Jules N. Pretty
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136529276
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (365 download)

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Book Synopsis Sustainable Intensification by : Jules N. Pretty

Download or read book Sustainable Intensification written by Jules N. Pretty and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-06-25 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Continued population growth, rapidly changing consumption patterns and the impacts of climate change and environmental degradation are driving limited resources of food, energy, water and materials towards critical thresholds worldwide. These pressures are likely to be substantial across Africa, where countries will have to find innovative ways to boost crop and livestock production to avoid becoming more reliant on imports and food aid. Sustainable agricultural intensification - producing more output from the same area of land while reducing the negative environmental impacts - represents a solution for millions of African farmers. This volume presents the lessons learned from 40 sustainable agricultural intensification programmes in 20 countries across Africa, commissioned as part of the UK Government's Foresight project. Through detailed case studies, the authors of each chapter examine how to develop productive and sustainable agricultural systems and how to scale up these systems to reach many more millions of people in the future. Themes covered include crop improvements, agroforestry and soil conservation, conservation agriculture, integrated pest management, horticulture, livestock and fodder crops, aquaculture, and novel policies and partnerships.

Regenerating Agriculture

Author : Jules N. Pretty
Publisher : Earthscan
ISBN 13 : 9781853832277
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (322 download)

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Book Synopsis Regenerating Agriculture by : Jules N. Pretty

Download or read book Regenerating Agriculture written by Jules N. Pretty and published by Earthscan. This book was released on 1995 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author looks at the challenge facing agriculture today and details the concepts and characteristics of alternative, sustainable agricultural practices. Empirical evidence from a diverse range of agro-ecological and community setting show the impact of more sustainable practices. In addition existing policy frameworks and institutional processes are considered and alternatives, which are known to work, are presented

International Code of Conduct on Pesticide Management

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN 13 : 9251091870
Total Pages : 37 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis International Code of Conduct on Pesticide Management by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Download or read book International Code of Conduct on Pesticide Management written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2018-09-03 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The understanding that some pesticides are more hazardous than others is well established. Recognition of this is reflected by the World Health Organization (WHO) Recommended Classification of Pesticides by Hazard, which was first published in 1975. The document classifies pesticides in one of five hazard classes according to their acute toxicity. In 2002, the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) was introduced, which in addition to acute toxicity also provides classification of chemicals according to their chronic health hazards and environmental hazards.

Health Effects and Pesticide Perception as Determinants of Pesticide Use

Author : Susmita Dasgupta
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 24 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Health Effects and Pesticide Perception as Determinants of Pesticide Use by : Susmita Dasgupta

Download or read book Health Effects and Pesticide Perception as Determinants of Pesticide Use written by Susmita Dasgupta and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In a recent survey of 820 Boro (winter rice), potato, bean, eggplant, cabbage, sugarcane, and mango farmers in Bangladesh, over 47 percent of farmers were found to be overusing pesticides. With only 4 percent of farmers formally trained in pesticide use or handling, and over 87 percent openly admitting to using little or no protective measures while applying pesticides, overuse is potentially a threatening problem to farmer health as well as the environment. To model pesticide overuse, the authors used a 3-equation, trivariate probit framework, with health effects and misperception of pesticide risk as endogenous dummy variables. Health effects (the first equation) were found to be strictly a function of the amount of pesticides used in production, while misperception of pesticide risk (the second equation) was determined by health impairments from pesticides and the toxicity of chemicals used. Pesticide overuse (the third equation) was significantly determined by variation in income, farm ownership, the toxicity of chemicals used, crop composition, and geographical location. The results highlight the necessity for policymakers to design effective and targeted outreach programs that deal specifically with pesticide risk, safe handling, and averting behavior. Ideally, the approach would be participatory in nature to address key informational gaps, as well as increasing a farmers' awareness retention. The results also point to specific crops and locations experiencing a higher prevalence of overuse-bean and eggplant in general-and overall production in the districts of Chapainawabganj, Chittagong, Comilla, Jessore, Narshingdi, Rajshahi, and Rangpur. Focusing efforts in these crop and geographical areas may have the most measurable effects on pesticide overuse. "--World Bank web site.

Soil Solarization

Author : Jaacov Katan
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780849368684
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (686 download)

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Book Synopsis Soil Solarization by : Jaacov Katan

Download or read book Soil Solarization written by Jaacov Katan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1991-10-24 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil Solarization describes the principles and technology of soil solarization and the use of soil solarization for different crops and cropping systems. The book evaluates and interprets the extensive amount of literature available on soil solarization in relation to climatic effects and changes in populations of soil-borne microorganisms and weeds. It also compares the advantages and disadvantages of soil solarization with other methods of soil disinfestation, such as soil steaming and fumigation. Soil Solarization explores the effects of soil solarization, covering such points as biological control, changes in soil chemistry involving mineral elements, as well as other changes, such as soil salinity and soil structure. It is suitable for solarizers, researchers working with soil-borne pathogens and soil microbiology, plant protection experts, and other plant researchers and extension specialists.

Organic Farming for Sustainable Agriculture

Author : Dilip Nandwani
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319268031
Total Pages : 353 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis Organic Farming for Sustainable Agriculture by : Dilip Nandwani

Download or read book Organic Farming for Sustainable Agriculture written by Dilip Nandwani and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-02-02 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on organic farming, this book presents peer-reviewed contributions from leading international academics and researchers in the field of organic agriculture, plant ecosystems, sustainable horticulture and related areas of biodiversity science. It includes case studies and reviews on organic agriculture, horticulture and pest management, use of microorganisms, composting, crop rotation, organic milk and meat production, as well as ecological issues. This unique book addresses a wide array of topics from all continents, making it a valuable reference resource for students, researchers and agriculturists who are concerned with biodiversity, agroecology and sustainable development of agricultural resources.

Managing Risk in Agriculture

Author : Ashok K. Mishra
Publisher : CABI
ISBN 13 : 1800622260
Total Pages : 339 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (6 download)

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Book Synopsis Managing Risk in Agriculture by : Ashok K. Mishra

Download or read book Managing Risk in Agriculture written by Ashok K. Mishra and published by CABI. This book was released on 2023-10-02 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book addresses and documents farmers' risks in developing and emerging economies. It draws lessons from experimental economics on measuring risk preferences, attitudes, gender differences in managing risks, and risk management strategies in countries across Africa and Asia. It argues policy makers, especially in emerging economies, need a better understanding of farmers' attitudes toward risk and choices of risk management strategies when designing policies to support production agriculture. The book includes chapters on three themes: understanding risk attitudes and preferences; using experimental economics to measure risk, preferences, and risk management strategies; and understanding climate change, risk, and risk management. The book critically examines the currently held beliefs about risk preference, attitudes, and empirical estimation of risk management strategies, emphasizing developing and emerging economies (DEE). This book is ideal for students and researchers in universities and research organizations who conduct applied research on public policy, community development, and rural development, and will also be of interest to policy-makers in those fields.

The contribution of biodiversity for food and agriculture to the resilience of production systems

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN 13 : 9251315515
Total Pages : 88 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (513 download)

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Book Synopsis The contribution of biodiversity for food and agriculture to the resilience of production systems by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Download or read book The contribution of biodiversity for food and agriculture to the resilience of production systems written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2019-06-24 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study reviews the available information on the contribution of biodiversity for food and agriculture to the resilience of crop, livestock, forest, fishery and aquaculture production systems to environmental change and uncertainty.

The Asian Green Revolution

Author : Peter B.R. Hazell
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Asian Green Revolution by : Peter B.R. Hazell

Download or read book The Asian Green Revolution written by Peter B.R. Hazell and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Sustaining Life

Author : Eric Chivian
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199721203
Total Pages : 568 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (997 download)

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Book Synopsis Sustaining Life by : Eric Chivian

Download or read book Sustaining Life written by Eric Chivian and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2008-06-02 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Earth's biodiversity-the rich variety of life on our planet-is disappearing at an alarming rate. And while many books have focused on the expected ecological consequences, or on the aesthetic, ethical, sociological, or economic dimensions of this loss, Sustaining Life is the first book to examine the full range of potential threats that diminishing biodiversity poses to human health. Edited and written by Harvard Medical School physicians Eric Chivian and Aaron Bernstein, along with more than 100 leading scientists who contributed to writing and reviewing the book, Sustaining Life presents a comprehensive--and sobering--view of how human medicines, biomedical research, the emergence and spread of infectious diseases, and the production of food, both on land and in the oceans, depend on biodiversity. The book's ten chapters cover everything from what biodiversity is and how human activity threatens it to how we as individuals can help conserve the world's richly varied biota. Seven groups of organisms, some of the most endangered on Earth, provide detailed case studies to illustrate the contributions they have already made to human medicine, and those they are expected to make if we do not drive them to extinction. Drawing on the latest research, but written in language a general reader can easily follow, Sustaining Life argues that we can no longer see ourselves as separate from the natural world, nor assume that we will not be harmed by its alteration. Our health, as the authors so vividly show, depends on the health of other species and on the vitality of natural ecosystems. With a foreword by E.O. Wilson and a prologue by Kofi Annan, and more than 200 poignant color illustrations, Sustaining Life contributes essential perspective to the debate over how humans affect biodiversity and a compelling demonstration of the human health costs. It is the winner of the Gerald L. Young Book Award in Human Ecology Best Sci-Tech Books of 2008 for Biology by Gregg Sapp of Library Journal

Proven Successes in Agricultural Development

Author : David J. Spielman
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 648 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Proven Successes in Agricultural Development by : David J. Spielman

Download or read book Proven Successes in Agricultural Development written by David J. Spielman and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2010-01-01 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world has made enormous progress in the past 50 years toward eliminating hunger and malnutrition. While, in 1960, roughly 30 percent of the world's population suffered from hunger and malnutrition, today less than 20 percent doessome five billion people now have enough food to live healthy, productive lives. Agricultural development has contributed significantly to these gains by increasing food supplies, reducing food prices, and creating new income and employment opportunities for some of the world's poorest people.This book examines where, why, and how past interventions in agricultural development have succeeded. It carefully reviews the policies, programs, and investments in agricultural development that have reduced hunger and poverty across Africa, Asia, and Latin America over the past half century. The 19 successes included here are described in in-depth case studies that synthesize the evidence on the intervention's impact on agricultural productivity and food security, evaluate the rigor with which the evidence was collected, and assess the tradeoffs inherent in each success. Together, these chapters provide evidence of "what works" in agricultural development.

Save and Grow

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN 13 : 9251068712
Total Pages : 116 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis Save and Grow by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Download or read book Save and Grow written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2018-06-22 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book offers a rich toolkit of relevant, adoptable ecosystem-based practices that can help the world's 500 million smallholder farm families achieve higher productivity, profitability and resource-use efficiency while enhancing natural capital.

Development Economics

Author : Shahrukh Rafi Khan
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351848925
Total Pages : 419 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (518 download)

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Book Synopsis Development Economics by : Shahrukh Rafi Khan

Download or read book Development Economics written by Shahrukh Rafi Khan and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-10-23 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following the 2007–2009 financial and economic crises, there has been an unprecedented demand among economics students for an alternative approach, which offers a historical, institutional and multidisciplinary treatment of the discipline. Economic development lends itself ideally to meet this demand, yet most undergraduate textbooks do not reflect this. This book will fill this gap, presenting all the core material needed to teach development economics in a one semester course, while also addressing the need for a new economics and offering flexibility to instructors. Rather than taking the typical approach of organizing by topic, the book uses theories and debates to guide its structure. This will allow students to see different perspectives on key development questions, and therefore to understand more fully the contested nature of many key areas of development economics. The book can be used as a standalone textbook on development economics, or to accompany a more traditional text.

The World Bank Research Program, 2005-2007

Author :
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 0821374060
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (213 download)

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Book Synopsis The World Bank Research Program, 2005-2007 by :

Download or read book The World Bank Research Program, 2005-2007 written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2008 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This pocket-sized reference on key environmental data for over 200 countries includes key indicators on agriculture, forestry, biodiversity, energy, emission and pollution, and water and sanitation. The volume helps establish a sound base of information to help set priorities and measure progress toward environmental sustainability goals.