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Intimate Facts About Wheat Grain Storage Proteins Gliadins And Glutenins
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Book Synopsis Intimate Facts about Wheat Grain Storage Proteins, Gliadins and Glutenins by : Eugene Metakovsky
Download or read book Intimate Facts about Wheat Grain Storage Proteins, Gliadins and Glutenins written by Eugene Metakovsky and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2022-09-08 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bread and other products made of wheat dough are the basis of nutrition for a significant part of the world's population. The international wheat science community have long been concentrated on the study of complex processes leading from wheat grain to a loaf of bread. A huge amount of data has been accumulated during this struggle for improving bread quality. This book details actual successes and problems of wheat storage-protein genetics, and discusses discrepancies, doubts and confusions of some recent experimental data. As such, it will be beneficial not only for advanced students interested in plant genetics, but also for wheat scientists and breeders.
Book Synopsis Gliadin and Glutenin by : Colin W. Wrigley
Download or read book Gliadin and Glutenin written by Colin W. Wrigley and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph provides a review of the knowledge that makes possible the intelligent tailoring of wheat proteins to provide for specific dough requirements. It emphasizes the combined roles of the gliadin and glutenin proteins in providing the balance that gives wheat gluten its unique rheological properties. The book gives a major update on the composition and functional properties of the gluten proteins, but it also includes introductory chapters to "set the scene" for young scientists and anyone new to this area of food science.
Book Synopsis The Gluten Proteins by : Domenico Lafiandra
Download or read book The Gluten Proteins written by Domenico Lafiandra and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2007-10-31 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together recent, international contributions to the study of gluten proteins from leading experts in the field. Gluten proteins have gained greater importance due not only to their fundamental role in determining technological quality of wheat end products, but also to the apparently increased number of people showing different degrees of gluten intolerance or allergy. Along with classical subjects such as gluten genetics, quality and rheology, The Gluten Proteins covers new tools and research fields, including the use of proteomics and genomics. Furthermore, information dedicated to intolerances and allergies is included and opens the possibility to widen future research opportunities, promoting cooperation between wheat breeders, medical researchers and gluten chemists and geneticists. The Gluten Proteins provides an authoritative source of information for researchers, professionals and postgraduate students wishing to increase their knowledge of the molecular bases of gluten functionality and nutritional role, as well as touching on possible future research opportunities.
Download or read book Wheat Gluten written by Peter R. Shewry and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2000 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation Some 120 papers continue the centuries-long research into gluten proteins, that component of wheat that confers unique visco-elastic properties to doughs and so allows the grain to be made into bread, pasta, noodles, and other human food. They cover genetics and quality correlations; biotechnology; analyzing, purifying, and characterizing gluten proteins; disulfide bonds and redox reactions; improvers and enzymic modification; quality testing; non-food uses; viscoelastisity, rheology, and mixing; gluten protein synthesis during grain development and effects of nutrition and environment; and non-gluten components. Distributed in the US by Springer-Verlag. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com).
Book Synopsis Investigations of Gluten Proteins from Functional and Historical Perspective by : Ying Zhang
Download or read book Investigations of Gluten Proteins from Functional and Historical Perspective written by Ying Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is one of the world's major staple food crops, with flour produced from starchy endosperm being used for breads, cakes, noodles and various other wheat-based foods. The unique bread making properties of wheat are primarily attributed to its gluten-forming storage proteins: gliadins and glutenins. This study investigated the gluten proteins from functional and historical perspectives. The first study examined primarily the functional role of gluten proteins in the outcomes of the standard Falling Number (FN) test. The FN test is used in the grain trade to screen delivered wheat for the presence of pre-harvest sprouting by indirectly measuring [alpha]-amylase through it effects on the physical consistency of a cooked flour-water suspension. Grain protein content (GPC) has been implicated as a potential modifier of FN independent of [alpha]-amylase or sprout status. In the gluten functionality study, we proposed a protein unfolding and crosslinking model, and hypothesized that gluten proteins with higher molecular weight distributions (MWD) would heatset faster, tightly cover starch granules, restrict water entry, and slow their disintegration. In contrast to our hypothesis, our results showed that samples with lower MWD had faster heatset times than samples with higher MWD according to a controlled heating test. We also hypothesize that increased granularity of hard wheat flour reduces the surface area to volume ratio so the starch granules embedded in the particles need more time to hydrate or swell. However, our results indicated that natural variations in flour particle size from a standard grinding procedure that used a 0.8 mm screen had no impact on FN. The second study looked at potential changes in gluten proteins in a historical set of wheat varieties spanning more than 110 years of production. The wheats were in two sets: soft wheats where there has been no systematic selection for increased dough strength in breeding programs, and hard wheats where there has been a concerted effort to increase overall dough strength over the last century. The sample sets also covered the eras before and after the introduction of the semi-dwarf wheats to the USA. The reason for this investigation is related to the circumstance that wheat is the cause of celiac disease (CD) and is implcated in the disputed condition, non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS). Recently, diagnoses of CD at least have increased and there are suggestions that changes in gluten proteins in the modern era are responsible. Since it is primarily gliadins that trigger CD, it was considered worth investigating whether or not there have been any changes in the composition of gliadins over the last century. Sixty-two soft and 61 hard U.S. high production wheat varieties from 1900 to the present (with one from 1800) were collected and analyzed by RP-HPLC. These varieties were investigated to begin to answer whether wheat breeding for higher dough strength, or the incorporation of dwarfing alleles after the 1960s, was associated with observable changes in gliadin composition. ANOVA showed that there was no significant difference between soft and hard wheats in the relative abundance of [alpha]/[beta]-gliadins. However, there were significant differences between hard and soft wheats in the relative abundance of [omega]- and [gamma]-gliadins. ANOVA also showed that there was no significant difference between tall and dwarf wheats in the relative abundance of any of the three gliadin fractions. The ANOVA results suggested that deliberate breeding for dough strength, as illustrated by the hard versus soft wheat contrast, had not systematically changed the relative abundance of [alpha]/[beta]-gliadins across the last 110 years, but had altered the relative abundance of the other two fractions. ANOVA results indicated no change in proportions of the three gliadin fractions after deployment of the dwarfing alleles suggesting the tall to dwarf change was independent of gluten composition. Second order polynomial regression analyses showed that the relative abundance of [alpha]/[beta]-gliadins increased until around 1960 then decreased. The changes were more noticeable in the hard wheats. The converse was observed for [gamma]-gliadins. This stepwise change questioned the association between CD increase and breeding for increased dough strength in hard wheats, since the relative abundance of [alpha]/[beta]-gliadins did not keep going up, and [alpha]-gliadin is considered the major trigger force for CD initiation. In contrast, linear correlation analyses with each of 700, three second long fractions of the RP-HPLC chromatograms suggested that most changes were related to the soft wheat population. The discrepancy between the regression analyses of the three major fractions and the 700 small fractions may be related to the use of linear correlations in the latter when some relationships were clearly non-linear. Overall, our results did not fully support speculations that there have been profound changes in gluten composition related to the dwarfing alleles or selection for increased dough strength in hard wheats.
Book Synopsis Gluten Proteins 2006 by : George L. Lookhart
Download or read book Gluten Proteins 2006 written by George L. Lookhart and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Wheat Structure written by J D Schofield and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1996-01-01 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the structural, compositional and physicochemical properties of the wheat used in bread, biscuits, pasta and other consumer products is important. This book brings together international experts to provide an overview of the progress made to date and also to give an insight into the new approaches that can be used to solve outstanding problems. It covers progress in areas including: what grain structure; structural features of the gluten proteins; structual-functionality relationships of wheat protein; lipid-binding proteins; rheology of dough systems; and the importance of non-starch polysaccharides.
Book Synopsis Gluten Simulations by : Marek Cieplak
Download or read book Gluten Simulations written by Marek Cieplak and published by Eliva Press. This book was released on 2021-09-17 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gluten consists principally of intrinsincally disordered storage proteins (glutenins and gliadins) from wheat grains. During the breadmaking process these proteins form a network that is responsible for the extraordinary viscoelasticity of wheat dough that determine the quality of bread. This book sums up the pioneering simulations of gluten proteins, aimed for recreating their unique viscoelastic properties. The computer simulations use the Dynamic Structure Based model, which enables molecular dynamics of thousands of amino acids. The corresponding time-dependent properties are studied through shear and axial deformations of the simulation box. The two types of deformation turn out to have a different impact on the proteins. Glutenins are shown to influence the mechanics of gluten much more than gliadins. The measured quantities include the response force to the deformation, the number of entanglements and cavities, the mobility of residues, the number of the inter-chain bonds, etc. The dynamic shear modulus and critical strain are also calculated. The results are consistent with the existing ideas about gluten elasticity, e.g. the slip-bond theory which assumes that the gluten proteins can be treated as an interconnected network of polymers. The simulations emphasize the role of entanglements and hydrogen bonding. Five different systems are simulated: in addition to gliadins, glutenins and gluten (a mixture of both), storage proteins from maize and rice are also considered. The last two constitute a control group, that (according to expectations) has weaker elasticity. This validates the methodology used in this approach.
Book Synopsis Glutenin in Its Relation to Flour Strength ... by : Emily Helen Grewe
Download or read book Glutenin in Its Relation to Flour Strength ... written by Emily Helen Grewe and published by . This book was released on 1926 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Wheat Gluten Protein Analysis by : Peter R. Shewry
Download or read book Wheat Gluten Protein Analysis written by Peter R. Shewry and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the Preface:...provides standard protocols for the extraction and analysis of wheat gluten proteins based on methods that have been tried and tested in the authors' laboratories. Extensive practical details and tips are provided, as well as suggestions for modifications and examples of applications.
Book Synopsis Epigenetic and Post-transcriptional Elimination of Celiac-causing Wheat Storage Proteins by : Rhoda Araba Tawiah Brew-Appiah
Download or read book Epigenetic and Post-transcriptional Elimination of Celiac-causing Wheat Storage Proteins written by Rhoda Araba Tawiah Brew-Appiah and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Celiac disease is an autoimmune condition caused by consumption of certain wheat, barley and rye grain storage proteins known as prolamins. In susceptible individuals, exposure to these proteins leads to a painful chronic erasure of the microvilli of the intestinal epithelium. At present, the only effective solution is a strict dietary abstinence from these prolamins. The aim of the current project was to develop 'celiac-safe' wheat genotypes. With this goal in mind, first, a microspore transformation procedure for production of doubled haploid wheat transformants was optimized. The next step was to develop artificial microRNA (amiRNA) constructs for post-transcriptional silencing of the wheat DEMETER homoeologues identified as transcriptional activators of the immunogenic prolamins in the developing wheat endosperm. An alternative approach employing a 'chimeric-hairpin' construct capable of producing multiple interfering RNAs corresponding with the transcripts of the prolamin super-family genes was also undertaken. The latter strategy required aligning the sequences of the wheat gliadins (alpha/beta-, gamma- and o-types) and low molecular weight glutenins (LMWgs) available in the public domain. The alignment results allowed identification of five consensus sequences each representing a prolamin gene family, which were fused together to obtain the arms of the chimeric-hairpin. The amiRNA and chimeric-hairpin constructs were used in wheat transformation via electroporation of embryogenic microspores, and particle bombardment of scutellar calli in the varieties Louise, Hollis, WPB926, Farnum, Brundage 96 and Simon. Microspore transformation using the chimeric hairpin construct yielded 47 T2 transformants in Louise, Hollis, WPB926 and Farnum with sizable amounts of reductions in the content of immunogenic prolamins. Similarly, the 12 T2 lines characterized in the background of Brundage 96 obtained via particle bombardment of amiRNA constructs have shown reductions and specific-eliminations to variable degrees in the grain prolamin content. A compensatory increase in the amount of high molecular weight glutenins (HMWgs) was also observed in some cases, which is desirable for retaining end-use quality of the genotypes. These wheat transformants are intended for crossing with the aim of pyramiding their effects on prolamin content or composition, into a single wheat genotype. This will advance the goal of producing celiac-safe wheat cultivars.
Book Synopsis Isolation and Quantification of Storage Proteins in U.S. Soft Wheat Flours and Their Relationship to Rheological and Baking Properties by : Guoquan Hou
Download or read book Isolation and Quantification of Storage Proteins in U.S. Soft Wheat Flours and Their Relationship to Rheological and Baking Properties written by Guoquan Hou and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Gluten Proteins 1990 by : Walter Bushuk
Download or read book Gluten Proteins 1990 written by Walter Bushuk and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 824 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Northwestern Miller written by and published by . This book was released on 1917 with total page 1024 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Wheat Belly written by William Davis and published by Rodale Books. This book was released on 2014-06-03 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes a sneak peek of Undoctored—the new book from Dr. Davis! In this #1 New York Times bestseller, a renowned cardiologist explains how eliminating wheat from our diets can prevent fat storage, shrink unsightly bulges, and reverse myriad health problems. Every day, over 200 million Americans consume food products made of wheat. As a result, over 100 million of them experience some form of adverse health effect, ranging from minor rashes and high blood sugar to the unattractive stomach bulges that preventive cardiologist William Davis calls "wheat bellies." According to Davis, that excess fat has nothing to do with gluttony, sloth, or too much butter: It's due to the whole grain wraps we eat for lunch. After witnessing over 2,000 patients regain their health after giving up wheat, Davis reached the disturbing conclusion that wheat is the single largest contributor to the nationwide obesity epidemic—and its elimination is key to dramatic weight loss and optimal health. In Wheat Belly, Davis exposes the harmful effects of what is actually a product of genetic tinkering and agribusiness being sold to the American public as "wheat"—and provides readers with a user-friendly, step-by-step plan to navigate a new, wheat-free lifestyle. Informed by cutting-edge science and nutrition, along with case studies from men and women who have experienced life-changing transformations in their health after waving goodbye to wheat, Wheat Belly is an illuminating look at what is truly making Americans sick and an action plan to clear our plates of this seemingly benign ingredient.
Book Synopsis Gluten-Free Food Science and Technology by : Eimear Gallagher
Download or read book Gluten-Free Food Science and Technology written by Eimear Gallagher and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-09-08 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coeliac disease (CD) and other allergic reactions/intolerances to gluten are on the rise, largely due to improved diagnostic procedures and changes in eating habits. The worldwide incidence of coeliac disease has been predicted to increase by a factor of ten over the next number of years, and this has resulted in a growing market for high quality gluten-free cereal products. However, the removal of gluten presents major problems for bakers. Currently, many gluten-free products on the market are of low quality and short shelf life, exhibiting poor mouthfeel and flavour. This challenge to the cereal technologist and baker alike has led to the search for alternatives to gluten in the manufacture of gluten-free bakery products. This volume provides an overview for the food industry of issues related to the increasing prevalence of coeliac disease and gluten intolerance. The properties of gluten are discussed in relation to its classification and important functional characteristics, and the nutritional value of gluten-free products is also addressed. The book examines the diversity of ingredients that can be used to replace gluten and how the ingredient combinations and subsequent rheological and manufacturing properties of a range of gluten-free products, e.g. doughs, breads, biscuits and beer may be manipulated. Recommendations are given regarding the most suitable ingredients for different gluten-free products. The book is directed at ingredient manufacturers, bakers, cereal scientists and coeliac associations and societies. It will also be of interest to academic food science departments for assisting with undergraduate studies and postgraduate research. The Author Dr Eimear Gallagher, Ashtown Food Research Centre, Teagasc - The Irish Agriculture and Food Development Authority, Dublin, Ireland Also available from Wiley-Blackwell Management of Food Allergens Edited by J. Coutts and R. Fielder ISBN 9781405167581 Bakery Manufacture and Quality - Water Control and Effects Second Edition S. Cauvain and L. Young ISBN 9781405176132 Whole Grains and Health Edited by L. Marquart et al ISBN 9780813807775
Download or read book Gluten Lie written by Alan Levinovitz and published by Nero. This book was released on 2015-05 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An incendiary work of science journalism debunking the myths that dominate the American diet and showing readers how to stop feeling guilty and start loving their food again--sure to ignite controversy over our obsession with what it means to eat right. FREE YOURSELF FROM ANXIETY ABOUT WHAT YOU EAT "Gluten. Salt. Sugar. Fat." These are the villains of the American diet--or so a host of doctors and nutritionists would have you believe. But the science is far from settled and we are racing to eliminate wheat and corn syrup from our diets because we've been lied to. The truth is that almost all of us can put the buns back on our burgers and be just fine. Remember when butter was the enemy? Now it's good for you. You may have lived through times when the Atkins Diet was good, then bad, then good again; you may have wondered why all your friends cut down on salt or went Paleo; and you might even be thinking about cutting out wheat products from your own diet. For readers suffering from dietary whiplash, "The Gluten Lie" is the answer. Scientists and physicians know shockingly little about proper nutrition that they didn't know a thousand years ago, even though Americans spend billions of dollars and countless hours obsessing over "eating right." In this groundbreaking work, Alan Levinovitz takes on bestselling physicians and dietitians, exposing the myths behind how we come to believe which foods are good and which are bad--and pointing the way to a truly healthful life, free from anxiety about what we eat.
