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Interhemispheric Water Exchange In The Atlantic Ocean
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Book Synopsis Interhemispheric Water Exchange in the Atlantic Ocean by : G.J. Goni
Download or read book Interhemispheric Water Exchange in the Atlantic Ocean written by G.J. Goni and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-11-12 with total page 523 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent results from modeling and observational studies demonstrate that the tropical Atlantic is a critical region for processes that maintain the meridional overturning circulation, such as cross-equatorial exchanges, and for sea surface temperature variability that impacts on climate variability of the coupled tropical ocean/atmosphere system. The theme of this book is the inter-hemispheric and inter-gyre exchanges of heat, salt and fresh water, while its goal is to improve the knowledge of the tropical Atlantic dynamics and how it affects the global ocean. A clear understanding of the dynamics of processes that affect the flow of mass and heat between the southern and the northern hemispheres in the upper few hundred meters in the tropical Atlantic and of those associated to the ocean circulation or to surface signals, from decadal, inter-annual to mesoscale periods, becomes necessary to better evaluate their contribution to the interhemispheric mass exchange. These processes are believed to be largely responsible in driving the sea surface temperature, which in turn, is a critical parameter to investigate ocean-atmospheric interactions. Output produced by regional models is also used to complement the observations and to provide additional information on their spatial and temporal variability. The subtropical cells, by bringing water masses subducted in the subtropics to the equator, and zonal currents investigated here contribute to the interhemispheric water exchange. Special attention is also given to the warm and salty anticyclonic rings shed by the North Brazil Current, which are now known to have a much broader impact, not only on interhemispheric water mass transfer, but also on the environment of remote regions. Observations from different sources are blended together, are used to validate model outputs and are also assimilated into models to obtain a more complete and accurate picture of the oceanic circulation and of its time evolution.
Book Synopsis Oceanography and Marine Environment in the Basque Country by : A. Borja
Download or read book Oceanography and Marine Environment in the Basque Country written by A. Borja and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2004-03-03 with total page 641 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Against a background of extensive multi-disciplinary oceanographic investigations over a number of years, together with the long-term establishment of a Society and Institute, extensive information is available from studies undertaken in the estuarine and coastal waters of the Basque Country.The present authors gained access to unpublished literature and reports which, together with a synthesis of internationally-refereed papers, provide a series of scientific overviews of particular subject areas. Teams of researchers (from Basque Institutes and Universities) combine to present the present 'state of knowledge', within a global context, of processes ranging from sub-seabed to air-sea interaction - incorporating data on the associated biology (including fisheries) and pollutant sources and levels. The latter are compared with regional, national and European legislation. The volume is divided into various sections: Introduction; Geography and Oceanography; Chemical Oceanography and Water Quality; Sediment Characteristics, Quality and Chemistry; Biomonitoring; Communities and Ecology; and Overall Assessment.The topics covered include: an historical review of marine research; the impact of human activities, during past centuries; geology, geomorphology and sediments; climate and meteorology; marine dynamics; hydrography; water mass characteristics; contaminants in the waters; microbiological quality; sedimentological characteristics; contaminants in sediments; biomonitoring of heavy metals and organic components, at tissue organism level and using cellular and molecular biomarkers; bacterioplankton and phytoplankton communities; zooplankton communities; benthic communities; seabirds; biodiversity and conservation; recovery of benthic communities; the polluted systems; and assessment of human impacts. On the basis of these syntheses, future challenges for marine research in the Basque Country are identified, in terms of a 'Research Agenda'. This comprehensive text, relating to estuarine, coastal and oceanographic processes at wide-ranging spatial and temporal scales in the southern Bay of Biscay, will be of interest to researchers, engineers and legislators - on a regional basis and within a world-wide perspective.
Book Synopsis Introduction to the Modelling of Marine Ecosystems by : W. Fennel
Download or read book Introduction to the Modelling of Marine Ecosystems written by W. Fennel and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2004-08-24 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modelling of marine ecosystems is a rapidly developing branch of interdisciplinary oceanographic research. Introduction to the Modelling of Marine Ecosystems is the first consistent and comprehensive introduction to the development of models of marine ecosystems. It begins with simple first steps of modelling and develops more and more complex models. This step-by-step approach to increasing the complexity of the models is intended to allow students of biological oceanography and interested scientists with only limited experience in mathematical modelling to explore the theoretical framework and familiarize oneself with the methods. The book describes how biological model components can be integrated into three dimensional circulation models and how such models can be used for 'numerical experiments'. The book illustrates the mathematical aspects of modelling and gives application examples. The tutorial aspect of the book is supported by a set of MATLAB programs, which are provided on an accompanying CD-Rom and which can be used to reproduce many of the results presented in the book. Also available in paperback, ISBN 0-444-51704-9
Book Synopsis Physical Oceanography of the Frontal Zones in Sub-Arctic Seas by : A.G. Kostianoy
Download or read book Physical Oceanography of the Frontal Zones in Sub-Arctic Seas written by A.G. Kostianoy and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2004-12-16 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title presents the systematization and description of accumulated knowledge on oceanic fronts of the Norwegian, Greenland, Barents and Bering Seas. The main fronts of the Norwegian, Greenland and Barents Seas are part of the climatic North Polar Frontal Zone (NPFZ). The work is based on numerous observational data, collected by the authors during special sea experiments directed at the investigation of physical processes and phenomena inside certain parts of the NPFZ and in the northern part of the Bering Sea, on archive data of the USSR Hydrometeocenter and other research institutions, as well as on a wide scientific literature published in Russian and Western editions. The book contains general information on the oceanic fronts of the Subarctic Seas, brief history of their investigation, state of the knowledge, as well as detailed description of the thermohaline structure of all frontal zones in the Norwegian, Greenland, Barents and Bering Seas and of neighboring fronts of Arctic and coastal origin. Special attention is given to the study of the multifrontal character of the NPFZ and of peculiarities of its internal structure at different locations, to the description of diverse oceanic features observed in the NPFZ, as well as to some characteristics of the horizontal and vertical fine structure of hydrophysical fields in the NPFZ. The main features of the northern Bering Sea's summer ecohydrodynamics are investigated with the help of three-dimensional direct and inverse models.
Book Synopsis Global Climate Change and Response of Carbon Cycle in the Equatorial Pacific and Indian Oceans and Adjacent Landmasses by : Hodaka Kawahata
Download or read book Global Climate Change and Response of Carbon Cycle in the Equatorial Pacific and Indian Oceans and Adjacent Landmasses written by Hodaka Kawahata and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2006-12-08 with total page 531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To understand the global warming mechanism, global mapping of primary production was carried out under the GCMAPS program. The program was concerned with marine and terrestrial environmental changes, which affect carbon cycle on the regional and global scales. On the regional scale, warm phase of ENSO (El Niño / Southern Oscillation) has been shown to affect economic activities in many countries. The keyword for understanding mechanism of global warming is 'primary productivity'. The earth observation satellites (EOS) like the ADEOS of Japan, and the SeaWiFS, Sea Star and Terra of the U.S.A. provided much required data for modeling and verification of primary production estimates on both land and ocean.The knowledge gained during the GCMAPS program has been documented in this book. Interpretation of the data suggests that global warming, which causes temperature and sea level rise, and changes in climate and ecosystems, is likely to have the largest influence on mankind. The first half of this book discuss changes in marine environments. Physical and chemical oceanographic properties of the equatorial Pacific and Indian Oceans are presented. Changes in partial pressure of carbon dioxide, flux and composition of settling particles and biological communities in the surface ocean have also been discussed. In addition to this, over hundred years of environmental records based upon coral skeletons are presented. Estimations of primary production and its utilization in validating satellite imagery data were conducted in the western North Pacific. Primary productivity estimates based upon the validated satellite imagery are presented on the global scale. Climate change modeling of primary production in global oceans is also presented.The latter half of this book deals with changes in terrestrial environments. Primary productivity estimates for different types of ecosystems (e.g., forest, grassland) are presented together with soil carbon dynamics. Also, biomass and productivity estimation and environmental monitoring based upon remote sensing techniques are presented with a model analysis of the relationship between climate perturbations and carbon budget anomalies in global terrestrial ecosystems. This book elucidates integrated aspects of the global carbon cycle involving marine and terrestrial environments. - Discusses a current understanding of the biogeochemical processes on land and ocean - Provides global mapping of primary production based on satellite imagery data and modelling - Presents the latest interpretations of relationships between carbon cycle and climatic change
Book Synopsis Building the European Capacity in Operational Oceanography by : H. Dahlin
Download or read book Building the European Capacity in Operational Oceanography written by H. Dahlin and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2003-12-04 with total page 715 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This proceedings 3rd EuroGOOS Conference on Building the European Capacity in Operational Oceanography is volume 69 in the Elsevier Oceanography Series. The topics of the proceedings cover: Regional Systems I, Remote Sensing Systems, Numerical Modelling and Data Assimilation, Next Generation Systems, EC Operational Forecasting Workshop: Reports on EC Operational Forecasting, In-Situ Monitoring, Waves Monitoring and ForecastingUser Perspectives, EuroGOOS Task Teams, Regional Systems 2, Coastal Systems, Data - Products - Users, and GMES Marine Forum.
Book Synopsis Ocean Circulation and Climate by : Swadhin Behera
Download or read book Ocean Circulation and Climate written by Swadhin Behera and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The tropical oceans play important roles in the global climate system through ocean transports of heat and freshwater as well as ocean–atmosphere interactions. The developments in observational networks during recent decades have helped us to quantify the strength and variability of most of the ocean general circulations responsible for the transports. Those are discussed in detail in individual sections covering each tropical basin separately with a special emphasis on recent research results. Shallow overturning cells observed in all three tropical basins as well as the deep Atlantic meridional overturning circulation are such examples that are linked to ocean and climate variations on multiple timescales. In addition, tropical ocean–atmosphere interactions associated with oceanic planetary waves cause large-scale climate variations such as El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Indian Ocean Dipole, Atlantic Niño, and ENSO Modoki. Recent advances in numerical modeling augmented by in situ and satellite observations are helping the research community to understand ocean process and to predict associated climate variations on seasonal to longer timescales.
Book Synopsis Review of biological data, spatial distribution of the stocks and ecological connectivity between areas beyond national jurisdiction and the exclusive economic zones in the Western Central Atlantic Fishery Commission region by : Arocha, F.
Download or read book Review of biological data, spatial distribution of the stocks and ecological connectivity between areas beyond national jurisdiction and the exclusive economic zones in the Western Central Atlantic Fishery Commission region written by Arocha, F. and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2024-01-25 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This review was developed as a project in response to the needs of the Intersessional Working Group of WECAFC in its task of identifying key options and priorities. The review describes a group of selected species that are considered to be important to Member States of the WECAFC. It classifies them into transboundary and straddling/highly migratory stocks and their fisheries and provides information on the state of exploitation of the selected species. The review also considers the ecological connectivity between the high seas and the EEZs of coastal nations. Lastly, it highlights issues that need to be addressed to generate a sound scientific knowledge base in support of the strategic reorientation of the Commission.
Book Synopsis Polynyas: Windows to the World by : Walker O. Smith Jr.
Download or read book Polynyas: Windows to the World written by Walker O. Smith Jr. and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-07-09 with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Approx.474 pagesApprox.474 pages
Book Synopsis The CCAMLR 2000 Survey by : Jon L. Watkins
Download or read book The CCAMLR 2000 Survey written by Jon L. Watkins and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis CO2 in Seawater: Equilibrium, Kinetics, Isotopes by : R.E. Zeebe
Download or read book CO2 in Seawater: Equilibrium, Kinetics, Isotopes written by R.E. Zeebe and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2001-10-15 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Full text e-book available as part of the Elsevier ScienceDirect Earth and Planetary Sciences subject collection.
Book Synopsis Fronts, Waves and Vortices in Geophysical Flows by : Jan-Bert Flor
Download or read book Fronts, Waves and Vortices in Geophysical Flows written by Jan-Bert Flor and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-06-09 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most well known structures in planetary atmospheres and the Earth’s oceans are jets or fronts interacting with vortices on a wide range of scales. The transition from one state to another, such as in unbalanced or adjustment flows, involves the generation of waves as well as the interaction of coherent structures with these waves. This book presents a fluid mechanics perspective to the dynamics of fronts and vortices and their interaction with waves in geophysical flows. It provides a basic physical background for modeling coherent structures in a geophysical context, and it gives essential information on advanced topics such as spontaneous wave emission and wavemomentum transfer in geophysical flows. Based on a set of lectures by leading specialists, this text is targeted at graduate students, researchers and engineers in geophysics and environmental fluid mechanics.
Book Synopsis Nonlinear Processes in Geophysical Fluid Dynamics by : O.U. Velasco Fuentes
Download or read book Nonlinear Processes in Geophysical Fluid Dynamics written by O.U. Velasco Fuentes and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-27 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Tribute to the Scientific Work of Pedro Ripa
Book Synopsis Integrated Ecosystem Studies of Western Antarctic Peninsula Continental Shelf Waters and Related Southern Ocean Regions by : Eileen Elizabeth Hofmann
Download or read book Integrated Ecosystem Studies of Western Antarctic Peninsula Continental Shelf Waters and Related Southern Ocean Regions written by Eileen Elizabeth Hofmann and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Oceanography written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Satellite Altimetry Over Oceans and Land Surfaces by : Detlef Stammer
Download or read book Satellite Altimetry Over Oceans and Land Surfaces written by Detlef Stammer and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-10-31 with total page 617 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Satellite remote sensing, in particular by radar altimetry, is a crucial technique for observations of the ocean surface and of many aspects of land surfaces, and of paramount importance for climate and environmental studies. This book provides a state-of-the-art overview of the satellite altimetry techniques and related missions, and reviews the most-up-to date applications to ocean dynamics and sea level. It also discusses related space-based observations of the ocean surface and of the marine geoid, as well as applications of satellite altimetry to the cryosphere and land surface waters; operational oceanography and its applications to navigation, fishing and defense.
Download or read book Contourites written by M. Rebesco and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-11-25 with total page 793 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contourites are sediments deposited or substantially reworked by bottom currents. The study of contourites is crucial for several fields of fundamental and applied research: paleoclimatology and paleo-oceanography, since these fairly continuous and relatively high-resolution sediments hold the key for priceless information on the variability in circulation patter, current velocity, oceanographic history and basin interconnectivity; hydrocarbon exploration, since accumulation of source rocks may be favored by weak bottom currents, whereas "clean" deep-sea sands may be formed by robust flows; and slope stability, since low-permeability fine-grained contourites facilitate the formation of overpressurized gliding planes when fresh contourites with a high pore-water content becomes rapidly loaded, or when their rigid biosiliceous microfabric collapses due to diagenetic conditions. Despite its significance, this group of sediments is poorly known by the majority of non-specialists. Notwithstanding the growing interest and the intensified research in contourites, a textbook that might also serve as a reference book on contourites was missing until now. This book addresses all aspects of the knowledge in the field of contourites and provides an authoritative and comprehensive coverage of the subject. It also can serve as a standard reference work for non-specialists, and in particular postgraduate students, university teachers and lecturers, researchers and professionals who are seeking an authoritative source of information about contourites. Reviews both theoretical topics and case histories Provides practical advice on multidisciplinary research techniques Provides also nonspecialist users with an intuitively-accessible, cross-referenced, and comprehensive coverage of the knowledge in the field Provides a helpful tool for research in the preparation of classroom lectures
