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Intergenerational Educational Mobility In Hong Kong
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Book Synopsis Fixing Inequality in Hong Kong by : Yue Chim Richard Wong
Download or read book Fixing Inequality in Hong Kong written by Yue Chim Richard Wong and published by Hong Kong University Press. This book was released on 2017-02-01 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When discussing inequality and poverty in Hong Kong, scholars and politicians often focus on the failures of government policy and push for an increase in social welfare. Richard Wong argues in Fixing Inequality in Hong Kong that universal retirement support, minimum wage, and standard hours of work are of limited effect in shrinking the inequality gap. By comparing Hong Kong with Singapore, he points out that Hong Kong needs a new and long-term strategy on human resource policy. He recommends more investment in education, focusing on early education and immigration policy reforms to attract highly educated and skilled people to join the workforce. In analyzing what causes inequality, this book ties disparate issues together into a coherent framework, such as Hong Kong’s aging population, lack of investment in human capital, and family breakdowns. Rising divorce rates among low-income households have worsened the housing shortage, driving rents and property prices upwards. Housing problems have created a bigger gap between those who own housing and have the ability to invest in their children’s human capital and those who cannot, thus adversely impacting intergenerational upward mobility. This is the third of Richard Wong’s collections of articles on society and economy in Hong Kong. Diversity and Occasional Anarchy and Hong Kong Land for Hong Kong People, published by Hong Kong University Press in 2013 and 2015 respectively, discuss growing economic and social contradictions in Hong Kong and current housing problems and their solutions.
Book Synopsis Mainland Chinese Migrants in Hong Kong by : Pak-Wai Liu
Download or read book Mainland Chinese Migrants in Hong Kong written by Pak-Wai Liu and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2022-02-25 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Of interest to readers and policymakers in countries that receive migrants through family reunion and manpower admission schemes from low-income countries and strive to assimilate them into their communities, this book presents a case study of the integration of migrants from Mainland China in Hong Kong. It shows that early optimism of quick economic assimilation has given way to a more realistic view of a long, arduous process extending to the second generation. While the case of Hong Kong is unique in a number of ways, the book serves as a useful policy reference for other countries that attempt to balance the intake of migrants for family reunion with the admission of high-quality migrants who possess skills in demand in the economy.
Book Synopsis A Broken Social Elevator? How to Promote Social Mobility by : OECD
Download or read book A Broken Social Elevator? How to Promote Social Mobility written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2018-06-15 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides new evidence on social mobility in the context of increased inequalities of income and opportunities in OECD and selected emerging economies. It covers the aspects of both, social mobility between parents and children and of personal income mobility over the life course, ...
Book Synopsis Economic Policy Reforms 2010 Going for Growth by : OECD
Download or read book Economic Policy Reforms 2010 Going for Growth written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2010-03-11 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Going for Growth 2010 examines the structural policy measures that have been taken in response to the crisis, evaluates their possible impact on long-term economic growth, and identifies the most imperative reforms needed to strengthen recovery.
Book Synopsis Poverty in a Rich Society by : Maggie Lau
Download or read book Poverty in a Rich Society written by Maggie Lau and published by The Chinese University of Hong Kong Press. This book was released on 2017-03-15 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hong Kong has remained a wealthy financial hub despite its exportoriented economy being adversely interrupted by the challenging global economic uncertainties and vulnerabilities that have occurred since the late 1990s. Yet, Hong Kong's income inequality is greater than that in any developed economy. The growing unequal income distribution and poverty in Hong Kong have aroused public concern. This book is a timely and important opportunity to advance the theory and practice of poverty and social exclusion measurement, and to conduct policy relevant analyses in Hong Kong. This collection was inspired by the workshop formed one key research output of the Poverty and Social Exclusion in Hong Kong (PSEHK) project funded by the Research Grants Council and the UK Economic and Social Research Council. It is hoped that this collection will inspire comparative research and policy analyses for better policy initiatives.
Book Synopsis Intergenerational Social Mobility in Hong Kong by : Tak Wing Chan
Download or read book Intergenerational Social Mobility in Hong Kong written by Tak Wing Chan and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Social Mobility in Developing Countries by : Vegard Iversen
Download or read book Social Mobility in Developing Countries written by Vegard Iversen and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021-12-17 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social mobility is the hope of economic development and the mantra of a good society. There are disagreements about what constitutes social mobility, but there is broad agreement that people should have roughly equal chances of success regardless of their economic status at birth. Concerns about rising inequality have engendered a renewed interest in social mobility—especially in the developing world. However, efforts to construct the databases and meet the standards required for conventional analyses of social mobility are at a preliminary stage and need to be complemented by innovative, conceptual, and methodological advances. If forms of mobility have slowed in the West, then we might be entering an age of rigid stratification with defined boundaries between the always-haves and the never-haves-which does not augur well for social stability. Social mobility research is ongoing, with substantive findings in different disciplines—typically with researchers in isolation from each other. A key contribution of this book is the pulling together of the emerging streams of knowledge. Generating policy-relevant knowledge is a principal concern. Three basic questions frame the study of diverse aspects of social mobility in the book. How to assess the extent of social mobility in a given development context when the datasets by conventional measurement techniques are unavailable? How to identify drivers and inhibitors of social mobility in particular developing country contexts? How to acquire the knowledge required to design interventions to raise social mobility, either by increasing upward mobility or by lowering downward mobility?
Book Synopsis The Risk of Downward Mobility in Educational Attainment by : Sophie Hahn
Download or read book The Risk of Downward Mobility in Educational Attainment written by Sophie Hahn and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-27 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sophie Hahn analyses downward mobility in educational attainment from a sociological life-course perspective. In order to avoid status loss children of higher-educated parents have to persevere through long educational careers. How large is their risk of intergenerational downward mobility in educational attainment and how does it shape their educational pathways? Does their parents’ education still play a role in decisions at late stages of the educational career such as dropping out of and re-entering higher education? Drawing on retrospective longitudinal data of the German National Education Panel Study (NEPS) this book addresses these questions.
Book Synopsis Economic Mobility and the Rise of the Latin American Middle Class by : Francisco H. G. Ferreira
Download or read book Economic Mobility and the Rise of the Latin American Middle Class written by Francisco H. G. Ferreira and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2012-11-09 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After decades of stagnation, the size of Latin America's middle class recently expanded to the point where, for the first time ever, the number of people in poverty is equal to the size of the middle class. This volume investigates the nature, determinants and possible consequences of this remarkable process of social transformation. We propose an original definition of the middle class, tailor-made for Latin America, centered on the concept of economic security and thus a low probability of falling into poverty. Given our definition of the middle class, there are four, not three, classes in Latin America. Sandwiched between the poor and the middle class there lies a large group of people who appear to make ends meet well enough, but do not enjoy the economic security that would be required for membership of the middle class. We call this group the 'vulnerable'. In an almost mechanical sense, these transformations in Latin America reflect both economic growth and declining inequality in over the period. We adopt a measure of mobility that decomposes the 'gainers' and 'losers' in society by social class of each household. The continent has experienced a large amount of churning over the last 15 years, at least 43% of all Latin Americans changed social classes between the mid 1990s and the end of the 2000s. Despite the upward mobility trend, intergenerational mobility, a better proxy for inequality of opportunity, remains stagnant. Educational achievement and attainment remain to be strongly dependent upon parental education levels. Despite the recent growth in pro-poor programs, the middle class has benefited disproportionally from social security transfers and are increasingly opting out from government services. Central to the region's prospects of continued progress will be its ability to harness the new middle class into a new, more inclusive social contract, where the better-off pay their fair share of taxes, and demand improved public services.
Book Synopsis Education and Social Mobility by : Phillip Brown
Download or read book Education and Social Mobility written by Phillip Brown and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-10-02 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of education and social mobility has been a key area of sociological research since the 1950s. The importance of this research derives from the systematic analysis of functionalist theories of industrialism. Functionalist theories assume that the complementary demands of efficiency and justice result in more ‘meritocratic’ societies, characterized by high rates of social mobility. Much of the sociological evidence has cast doubt on this optimistic, if not utopian, claim that reform of the education system could eliminate the influence of class, gender and ethnicity on academic performance and occupational destinations. This book brings together sixteen cutting-edge articles on education and social mobility. It also includes an introductory essay offering a guide to the main issues and controversies addressed by authors from several countries. This comprehensive volume makes an important contribution to our theoretical and empirical understanding of the changing relationship between origins, education and destinations. This timely collection is?also relevant to policy-makers as education and social mobility are firmly back on both national and global political agendas, viewed as key to creating fairer societies and more competitive economies. This book was originally published as a special issue of the British Journal of Sociology of Education.
Book Synopsis Earnings Mobility and Measurement Error by : Francisca Antman
Download or read book Earnings Mobility and Measurement Error written by Francisca Antman and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2005 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The degree of mobility in incomes is often seen as an important measure of the equality of opportunity in a society and of the flexibility and freedom of its labor market. But estimation of mobility using panel data is biased by the presence of measurement error and non-random attrition from the panel. This paper shows that dynamic pseudo-panel methods can be used to consistently estimate measures of absolute and conditional mobility in the presence of non-classical measurement errors. These methods are applied to data on earnings from a Mexican quarterly rotating panel. Absolute mobility in earnings is found to be very low in Mexico, suggesting that the high level of inequality found in the cross-section will persist over time. However, the paper finds conditional mobility to be high, so that households are able to recover quickly from earnings shocks. These findings suggest a role for policies which address underlying inequalities in earnings opportunities.
Book Synopsis ‘Out of School’ Ethnic Minority Young People in Hong Kong by : Miron Kumar Bhowmik
Download or read book ‘Out of School’ Ethnic Minority Young People in Hong Kong written by Miron Kumar Bhowmik and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-02-19 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comprehensive overview of ‘out of school’ ethnic minority young people in Hong Kong. The focus is on the extent of the phenomena, reasons behind it and a description of ‘out of school’ life. Employing qualitative research methods and adopting a case study approach that involved fieldwork comprising 15 in-depth interviews and 2 observations with 11 ‘out of school’ ethnic minority young people, this book provides detailed insights into the phenomena. Information gained from an additional 22 in-depth interviews with 20 other stakeholders related to ethnic minority education, from time spent at three schools and key document analysis are also incorporated. Drawing on critical race theory, this book presents a critical discussion of the ‘out of school’ issue for ethnic minority young people in a privileged Chinese context.
Book Synopsis Crisis Management and Public Policy by : Hui Ying Sng
Download or read book Crisis Management and Public Policy written by Hui Ying Sng and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2011 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "One of the key themes of this book is to study economic crises and financial crises, and the policy measures that are available to manage them. The second key theme of the book is to review several public policies in Singapore, such as competition, healthcare, training, free trade agreements, state capitalism and inequality."--Publisher's description.
Book Synopsis New Markets, New Opportunities? by : Nancy Birdsall
Download or read book New Markets, New Opportunities? written by Nancy Birdsall and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2001-09-19 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Brookings Institution Press and Carnegie Endowment for International Peace publication Many of the countries that have recently converted to a market-based economic system have also experienced an alarming increase in income inequality — a widening gap between the haves and have nots. But to what extent is the increase in inequality also increasing the opportunities for economic advancement — particularly for those at the bottom of the economic ladder? Does the creation of greater opportunities make a region's move to the market politically acceptable? And, if opportunities don't increase along with inequality, will it eventually cause a political backlash against a country's market policies? This book highlights the importance of finding the answers to those questions by examining the issues of social mobility and opportunity as an essential part of the income inequality puzzle. It provides a summary of the latest research on the economics and politics of social mobility in both developed and emerging market economies, including the conceptual issues involved and the challenges of accurately documenting trends. The book concludes with a discussion of the economics of opportunity and mobility in Latin America and Eastern Europe, and the politics and perceptions of mobility in the two regions.
Book Synopsis 香港研究博士论文注释书目 by : Frank Joseph Shulman
Download or read book 香港研究博士论文注释书目 written by Frank Joseph Shulman and published by Hong Kong University Press. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 878 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A descriptively annotated, multidisciplinary, cross-referenced and extensively indexed guide to 2,395 dissertations that are concerned either in whole or in part with Hong Kong and with Hong Kong Chinese students and emigres throughout the world.
Download or read book Invisible China written by Scott Rozelle and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2020-09-29 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A study of how China’s changing economy may leave its rural communities in the dust and launch a political and economic disaster. As the glittering skyline in Shanghai seemingly attests, China has quickly transformed itself from a place of stark poverty into a modern, urban, technologically savvy economic powerhouse. But as Scott Rozelle and Natalie Hell show in Invisible China, the truth is much more complicated and might be a serious cause for concern. China’s growth has relied heavily on unskilled labor. Most of the workers who have fueled the country’s rise come from rural villages and have never been to high school. While this national growth strategy has been effective for three decades, the unskilled wage rate is finally rising, inducing companies inside China to automate at an unprecedented rate and triggering an exodus of companies seeking cheaper labor in other countries. Ten years ago, almost every product for sale in an American Walmart was made in China. Today, that is no longer the case. With the changing demand for labor, China seems to have no good back-up plan. For all of its investment in physical infrastructure, for decades China failed to invest enough in its people. Recent progress may come too late. Drawing on extensive surveys on the ground in China, Rozelle and Hell reveal that while China may be the second-largest economy in the world, its labor force has one of the lowest levels of education of any comparable country. Over half of China’s population—as well as a vast majority of its children—are from rural areas. Their low levels of basic education may leave many unable to find work in the formal workplace as China’s economy changes and manufacturing jobs move elsewhere. In Invisible China, Rozelle and Hell speak not only to an urgent humanitarian concern but also a potential economic crisis that could upend economies and foreign relations around the globe. If too many are left structurally unemployable, the implications both inside and outside of China could be serious. Understanding the situation in China today is essential if we are to avoid a potential crisis of international proportions. This book is an urgent and timely call to action that should be read by economists, policymakers, the business community, and general readers alike. Praise for Invisible China “Stunningly researched.” —TheEconomist, Best Books of the Year (UK) “Invisible China sounds a wake-up call.” —The Strategist “Not to be missed.” —Times Literary Supplement (UK) “[Invisible China] provides an extensive coverage of problems for China in the sphere of human capital development . . . the book is rich in content and is not constrained only to China, but provides important parallels with past and present developments in other countries.” —Journal of Chinese Political Science
Book Synopsis Inequality of Opportunity by : Juan Gabriel Rodríguez
Download or read book Inequality of Opportunity written by Juan Gabriel Rodríguez and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2011-10-12 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eight papers, both theoretical and applied, on the concept of equality of opportunity which says that a society should guarantee its members equal access to advantage regardless of their circumstances, while holding them responsible for turning that access into actual advantage by the application of effort.
