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Author : Iiris Luiga
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 122 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)
Download or read book Interaction of Object Perception and Visual Attentional Selection Processes written by Iiris Luiga and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Michael Kubovy
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1315512351
Total Pages : 756 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (155 download)
Download or read book Perceptual Organization written by Michael Kubovy and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-03-31 with total page 756 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1981, perceptual organization had been synonymous with Gestalt psychology, and Gestalt psychology had fallen into disrepute. In the heyday of Behaviorism, the few cognitive psychologists of the time pursued Gestalt phenomena. But in 1981, Cognitive Psychology was married to Information Processing. (Some would say that it was a marriage of convenience.) After the wedding, Cognitive Psychology had come to look like a theoretically wrinkled Behaviorism; very few of the mainstream topics of Cognitive Psychology made explicit contact with Gestalt phenomena. In the background, Cognition's first love – Gestalt – was pining to regain favor. The cognitive psychologists' desire for a phenomenological and intellectual interaction with Gestalt psychology did not manifest itself in their publications, but it did surface often enough at the Psychonomic Society meeting in 1976 for them to remark upon it in one of their conversations. This book, then, is the product of the editors’ curiosity about the status of ideas at the time, first proposed by Gestalt psychologists. For two days in November 1977, they held an exhilarating symposium that was attended by some 20 people, not all of whom are represented in this volume. At the end of our symposium it was agreed that they would try, in contributions to this volume, to convey the speculative and metatheoretical ground of their research in addition to the solid data and carefully wrought theories that are the figure of their research.
Author : Nina Lee
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (133 download)
Download or read book Feature-Based Attention to Colour and Shape written by Nina Lee and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a complex visual environment, attention is important for the selection of relevant input for further processing. Past research has established there to be robust effects of spatial attention on sensory representations, however, a newer line of research suggests there to also be feature-based attentional modulations, separate from spatial modulations. Studies have attempted to test the capacity of feature-based attentional systems by examining the efficiency of attending to multiple features simultaneously. Evidence is mixed, but there appears to be limited effectiveness in using more than one feature of the same dimension in discrimination tasks. In this study I will use object detection and discrimination paradigms to address whether attention to colour and shape can enhance task performance. I find additive effects of colour and shape manipulations, suggesting that attention to each feature facilitates perception independently. This research is important for setting realistic restrictions on models of attentional processes.
Author : Bundesen.
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 9780863779961
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (799 download)
Download or read book Visual Cognition: Visual Selective Attention written by Bundesen. and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1998-03 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume traces the modern critical and performance history of this play, one of Shakespeare's most-loved and most-performed comedies. The essay focus on such modern concerns as feminism, deconstruction, textual theory, and queer theory.
Author : Michael D. Dodd
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461447941
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (614 download)
Download or read book The Influence of Attention, Learning, and Motivation on Visual Search written by Michael D. Dodd and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-09 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Influence of Attention, Learning, and Motivation on Visual Search will bring together distinguished authors who are conducting cutting edge research on the many factors that influence search behavior. These factors will include low-level feature detection; statistical learning; scene perception; neural mechanisms of attention; and applied research in real world settings.
Author : Bryan E. Shepp
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1134734093
Total Pages : 459 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (347 download)
Download or read book Object Perception written by Bryan E. Shepp and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-04-15 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of research on object perception focuses on holistic and featural properties of objects, the mechanisms that produce such properties, how people choose one type of property over another, and how such choices are improved during the course of child development. The contributions consider alternative perceptual characterizations, the way in which such properties are represented in the mind, how particular properties are more useful in some kinds of tasks that humans perform, and how the developing child learns to cope with different properties in choosing among alternatives to optimize task performance. These papers were written by specialists for specialists in experimental, cognitive, and developmental psychology.
Author : Richard D. Wright
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0195352017
Total Pages : 494 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)
Download or read book Visual Attention written by Richard D. Wright and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1998-10-29 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Paying attention is something we are all familiar with and often take for granted, yet the nature of the operations involved in paying attention is one of the most profound mysteries of the brain. This book contains a rich, interdisciplinary collection of articles by some of the pioneers of contemporary research on attention. Central themes include how attention is moved within the visual field; attention's role during visual search, and the inhibition of these search processes; how attentional processing changes as continued practice leads to automatic performance; how visual and auditory attentional processing may be linked; and recent advances in functional neuro-imaging and how they have been used to study the brain's attentional network
Author : A.H.C. van der Heijden
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1135424918
Total Pages : 453 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (354 download)
Download or read book Attention in Vision written by A.H.C. van der Heijden and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2004-03-01 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Attention in Vision is an important work which aims to identify, address and solve some major problems and issues in the psychology of visual perception, attention and intentional control. The central aim is to investigate how people use their visual perception in the performance of tasks and to explore how the intentional control of action is achieved. Through an extensive review of the philosophy of psychology, the history of ideas and theories of intentional control, and an analysis of various tasks, a new theory is developed which argues that there is an important difference between report tasks and act tasks. The first section of the book introduces the issues of visual perception in a historical context and outlines van der Heijden's theory. The theory is developed in the second and third sections by analysing the findings from some of the main experimental paradigms of cognitive psychology and applying the theory to act tasks. Finally, the epilogue skilfully draws together the theory into an explanation of different historical and theoretical perspectives in psychology. This book will be invaluable to researchers and high-level undergraduates in the field of visual perception and attention.
Author : Athanassios Raftopoulos
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889454606
Total Pages : 98 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (894 download)
Download or read book Pre-cueing Effects on Perception, Attention, and Cognitive Penetrability written by Athanassios Raftopoulos and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-04-12 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Attention has often been likened to spotlights and filters—devices that illuminate or screen out some inputs in favor of others. This largely passive conception of attention has been gradually replaced by a more dynamic and far-reaching process. We know that attentional processes augment neural processing at all levels, and in some cases, augmenting processing within the sense organs themselves. For example, cueing object features (e.g., instructing a subject to look at a screen for a red object) modulates prestimulus activity in the visual cortex. Far from being limited to space or basic features, such attention cueing can function in surprisingly flexible and complex ways: people can be cued to attend to various objects, properties, and semantic categories and such attention appears to directly involve perceptual mechanisms. Studies of spatial attention cues presented before stimulus presentation show early modulation of perceptual processing. This phenomenon refers to the enhancement of the baseline activity of neurons at all levels in the visual cortex that are tuned to the cued location, which is called attentional modulation of spontaneous activity. The spontaneous firing rates of neurons are increased when attention is shifted toward the location of an upcoming stimulus before its presentation. Evidence also suggests that through pre-cueing of object features, feature-based attention modulates prestimulus activity in the visual cortex. The effects of pre-stimulus feature attention act either as a preparatory activity to enhance the stimulus-evoked potentials within feature sensitive areas, or they act so as to modulate stimulus-locked transients. Both effects of pre-cueing reflect a change in background neural activity. They are called anticipatory effects established prior to the presentation of the stimulus. Thus, they do not modulate processing during stimulus viewing but bias the process before it starts via the increase in the base line firing rates; they rig-up perceptual processing without affecting it on-line. Moreover, recent work on perceptual processing emphasizes the role of brain as a predictive tool. To perceive is to use what you know to explain away the sensory signal across multiple spatial and temporal scales. Perception aims to enable perceivers to interact with their environment successfully. Success relies on inferring or predicting correctly (or nearly so) the nature of the source of the incoming signal from the signal itself, an inference that may well be Bayesian. Current research sheds light on the role of attention in inferring the identities of the distal objects. Attention within late vision contributes to testing hypotheses concerning the putative distal causes of the sensory data encoded in the lower neuronal assemblies in the visual processing hierarchy. This testing assumes the form of matching predictions, made on the basis of an hypothesis, about the sensory information that the lower levels should encode assuming that the hypothesis is correct, with the current, actual sensory information encoded at the lower levels. To this aim, attention enhances the activity of neurons in the cortical regions that encode the stimuli that most likely contain information relevant to the testing of the hypothesis. In this Research Topic we aim to answer two related questions: First, what are the differences between this sort of pre-cueing effects and top-down cognitive influences on perception, and, in general, how do such attentional cuing effects relate to the broader literature on top-down influences on perception? Second, given that attention appears to change perceptual processing and that a form of attention, namely, cognitively-driven (or endogenous, or sustained) attention is a cognitive process, does attentional modulation through pre-cueing constitute cognitive penetrability of perception? Addressing these two questions will shed light on the theoretical underpinnings of cognitive penetrability and the nature of perceptual processing.
Author : Werner X. Schneider
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 9780863779817
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (798 download)
Download or read book Mechanisms of Visual Attention written by Werner X. Schneider and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to produce coherent behaviour in a complex world, forms of visual attention are necessary in order for us to select appropriate objects for action. Over the past ten years, there have been considerable advances in research into visual attention, with many of these advances linked to interdisciplinary research in experimental psychology, neuropsychology, neurophysiology and functional imaging. This work has begun to allow us to understand not only the functional properties of visual attention, but also how attentional processes are localized in the brain: the cognitive neuroscience of visual attention. This special issue draws together research from leading figures in this field, to highlight recent progress in understanding how selective processes operate in perception and action.
Author : Jess Hartcher-O'Brien
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889451933
Total Pages : 141 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (894 download)
Download or read book A Matter of Bottom-Up or Top-Down Processes: The Role of Attention in Multisensory Integration written by Jess Hartcher-O'Brien and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-07-04 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The integration of information from various sensory modalities influences behaviour. It can induce behavioural benefits such as faster reaction times and enhanced detection of noisy signals but may also produce illusions, all of which have been characterized by specific neuronal signatures. Yet, while these effects of multisensory integration are largely accepted, the role of attention in this process is still the object of intense debate. On the one hand, it has been suggested that attention may guide multisensory integration in a top-down fashion by selection of specific inputs to be integrated out of the plethora of information in our environment. On the other hand, there is evidence that integration could occur in a bottom-up manner, based on temporal and spatial correlations, and outside the focus of attention. An extreme example is the multisensory enhancement of neural responses in anesthetised animals. Attention itself is not a unitary construct, and may refer to a range of different selection mechanisms. Therefore, the interplay between attention and multisensory integration can take many forms which explain, in part, the diversity of findings and the disputes in the literature. The goal of this Research Topic is to help clarify the picture by trying to answer the following questions from various perspectives: Under which circumstances does multisensory integration take place without attention?, and, When does attention determine the fate of multisensory integration?
Author : Jeremy Wolfe
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199909849
Total Pages : 439 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (999 download)
Download or read book From Perception to Consciousness written by Jeremy Wolfe and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-12-29 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anyone interested in the study of attention will have had some exposure to the work of Anne Treisman. Anne Treisman has been one of the most influential cognitive psychologists in the last 50 years. Her research and theoretical insights have influenced a variety of disciplines, including vision sciences, auditory sciences, cognitive psychology, cognitive neurosciences, philosophy, psychiatry, neuropsychology, and behavioral neurology. She is best known for her work on attention. Early in her career, much of that work involved auditory stimuli. Her later work has been primarily in the realm of visual attention. She has been especially concerned with the interactions among visual perception, attention, and memory as they relate to conscious and unconscious experience. Her Feature Integration Theory has been one of the organizing ideas in the field for three decades. While still a graduate student at Oxford, she helped launch the modern study of attention. In the present volume, several of her most influential papers are reprinted (including some of the harder to find early work). To accompany these reprints, the editors invited experts to comment and/or to show how their own work had been shaped by Treisman's ideas and findings. The result is a scientifically rich ride through the world of ideas inspired by Treisman's work. The contributed chapters include discussions of auditory and visual attention, the role of features in selection, parallel and serial processing, and automaticity. They describe the roots and evolution of Feature Integration Theory and related models like Guided Search. They explore the interactions of attention and perception at the cognitive, neuropsychological, and biological levels. Readers can consider the critical role of binding in perception, the role of attention in scene perception, as well as the influence of cognitive load, memory, reflection, and perceptual learning on early and late processing. They will see how methods to study conscious perceptual awareness have evolved over the years.
Author : Claus Bundesen
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 9780198570707
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (77 download)
Download or read book Principles of Visual Attention written by Claus Bundesen and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2008-08-14 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The nature of attention is one of the oldest and most central problems in psychology. Principles of Visual Attention contains a detailed review of the most important research done on attention in vision, spanning cognitive psychology, brain imaging, patient studies, and recordings from single cells in the visual cortex.
Author : Soledad Ballesteros
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317782593
Total Pages : 343 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)
Download or read book Cognitive Approaches to Human Perception written by Soledad Ballesteros and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-02-25 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examining the current state of the research in perception stressing contributions in visual information processing, this volume provides an original and timely account of recent results obtained in this and other related areas of cognitive psychology. The scope of the book is intended to be broad, featuring state-of-the-art contributions from a number of outstanding researchers from different parts of the world -- the United States, Europe, and Australia. The intention is to update areas of considerable theoretical implications and active experimental investigation in this broad field called the "psychology of perception." This volume's main purpose is to highlight, from a cognitive position, a selected number of important theoretical and empirical topics which deal with critical issues in perception and other high level, related cognitive processes such as attention, mental representation, memory, word naming and semantic categorization. The studies reported were designed to answer many far-reaching questions including: * Is the global precedence effect due to low or high level processing? * Can veridical and illusory perception be explained by the same theory? * What is the relationship between attention and perception? * Is perception "direct" or an inferential process? * What mechanisms are involved in picture and word naming and categorization? * How can word and picture processing be modeled? The answers to these questions seek to unite theoretical perspectives on very important areas of cognitive psychology such as attention, perception, representation of visual objects and words, and human memory.
Author : Neville Moray
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1315514591
Total Pages : 190 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (155 download)
Download or read book Attention written by Neville Moray and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-03-27 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The early years of modern experimental psychology were marked by a considerable amount of research on attention, and much work was carried out in the laboratories of Wundt, Titchener and Helmholtz. For various reasons, research on attention declined from 1920 until the 1950s. Under the early philosophy of behaviourism, attention became suspect as a ‘mentalistic’ concept. At the time of original publication in 1969, however, much work had been done to quantify and make objective research in this area. This was of increasing importance in a world dominated by communication networks, and ‘man-machine’ systems, in which the human element is the weakest link due to the limits on the rate at which man can handle information. Following the publication of Broadbent’s Perception and Communication in 1958, work on attention had begun to pour from an ever increasing number of laboratories. This book is dedicated to summarising what we knew, and attempts to survey the behavioural research in vision and hearing which throw light on how we share and direct attention, what are the limits of attention, to make some general methodological recommendations, to review current theories of the time, and to provide a guide to the relevant physiological work. As far as possible, work on memory has been omitted. A bibliography of the major work to the spring of 1969 is included.
Author : A. H. C. van der Heijden
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134926979
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (349 download)
Download or read book Selective Attention in Vision written by A. H. C. van der Heijden and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2003-09-02 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clarifies the complex concept of selective attention - how the brain is able to select information form the vast amount available to it - and provides a clear and explicit theory of central importance to psychologists.
Author : Jiageng Chen (Ph. D. in psychology)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (136 download)
Download or read book Visual Feature Perception and Neural Representations During Shifts of Attention written by Jiageng Chen (Ph. D. in psychology) and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The environment presents more information than we can fully process at a time. We rely on visual attention to prioritize and enhance the process of behaviorally relevant stimuli. To deal with real world challenges, visual attention is rarely static, instead dynamically shifting and splitting across spatial locations, objects and features. How does dynamic visual attention interact with visual perception to form our integrated visual experience? In this dissertation, I presented three studies to investigate the role of attention in processing the visual input from dynamic perspective. In Chapter 2, I demonstrated that involuntary shift of attention (captured by the distractor) could lead to two types of feature-binding errors (swapping errors and repulsion errors), indicating during the process of attentional shifts, the updates of location and feature information could be vulnerable and not perfect. In Chapter 3, I used EEG and Inverted Encoding Model to directly track the updates of location and feature information during attentional shifts. The results indicated the potential temporal link between location and feature updates across shift of attention. In Chapter 4, using fMRI, I successfully reconstructed task- relevant features in a multi-feature multi-object display from occipital and parietal brain regions. The results highlighted the role of attention to select the task-relevant information over the task-irrelevant information. In Chapter 5, I discussed the general implications of this dissertation and future directions. Overall, the studies in this dissertation emphasized the role of focused spatial attention in the processing of integrating features and locations into a cohesive visual world. It also provided useful tools to study the feature and location representations in a variety of dynamic cognitive process.
