Integrated Intermodal Logistics Network Design

Download Integrated Intermodal Logistics Network Design PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 126 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (97 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Integrated Intermodal Logistics Network Design by : Mohammad Ghane-Ezabadi

Download or read book Integrated Intermodal Logistics Network Design written by Mohammad Ghane-Ezabadi and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intermodal freight transportation uses at least two different transportation modes (e.g., truck, rail, ship, air) to move freight loads that are in the same transportation unit (e.g., a shipping container) from origin to destination without handling the goods themselves. The increasing shift to intermodal transportation and the growth of freight transportation demand have resulted in a higher demand for intermodal freight transportation that has been projected to grow even faster in the next few decades. Satisfying this emerging demand will require enhancing the capacity of current intermodal facilities or even the construction of new intermodal facilities. This research addresses the intermodal logistics network design problem which is one of the key strategic planning decisions related to intermodal transportation. To obtain the maximum performance of the intermodal logistics network, two relevant decisions corresponding to the route and mode selection for freight loads were integrated with the facility location problem within the integrated intermodal logistics network design (IILND) problem. To address the IILND problem, two mathematical formulations were developed. One considered making decisions about arcs of the network while the other considered making decisions about routes for origin-destination flows in the network. The arc-based formulation modeled the effect of consolidating freight loads at intermodal terminals on the transportation cost by a stepwise function that relates the per container transportation cost to the amount of flow between two nodes. A heuristic approach that combines a genetic algorithm and the shortest path algorithm was developed to efficiently obtain high quality solutions for the arc-based formulation. Unlike the arc-based formulation, the route-based formulation modeled the effect of consolidating different loads at intermodal terminals on the transportation cost and time using constant discount and delay factors, respectively. Moreover, a composite variable formulation was used for the route-based formulation to incorporate route feasibility constraints within the definition of the composites and avoid explicitly adding them to the model. These modifications reduced the number of variables and constraints significantly when compared to the arc-based formulation. Two solution approaches were developed to find optimal solutions for the route-based formulation, namely a decomposition-based search algorithm and an accelerated Bender’s decomposition method. Several sets of computational experiments were completed to evaluate the performance of the proposed mathematical formulations and solutions approaches. Finally, several general insights about the effects of design parameters on solution characteristics were obtained from the computational experiments and directions for future research were identified.

Intermodal Freight Transport and Logistics

Download Intermodal Freight Transport and Logistics PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1351711369
Total Pages : 231 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (517 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Intermodal Freight Transport and Logistics by : Jason Monios

Download or read book Intermodal Freight Transport and Logistics written by Jason Monios and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-06-14 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Applying sophisticated management techniques to freight transport offers the potential for significant cost savings as well as greater efficiency. Yet the inherent complexity of intermodal transport presents many challenges. This practical textbook on the operations of intermodal transport and logistics focuses on the practical concerns and the basics of operations, such as vehicles, containers, handling operations, logistics management and optimisation. All chapters are written by field specialists, and the volume includes additional chapters on economics, law and the environment to put the practical topics into context. It presents a balanced textbook for postgraduate students and also a reference text for those in industry or the public sector involved in the planning of intermodal freight transport.

Network Design Models for Intermodal Logistics

Download Network Design Models for Intermodal Logistics PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 163 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (757 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Network Design Models for Intermodal Logistics by : Rafay Ishfaq

Download or read book Network Design Models for Intermodal Logistics written by Rafay Ishfaq and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research is motivated by the extraordinary increase in the use of intermodal shipments in recent years for both domestic and global movement of freight. Three mathematical models, which explore the dynamics of intermodal hub-and-spoke networks, are presented. These models use transportation costs, fixed location costs, modal connectivity costs, modal transit times and service time requirements, for three modes of transportation: road, rail and air. The objective is to compare the conventional over-the-road (OTR) networks with intermodal (IM) logistics networks over the financial, operational and service issues. This research extends the p-hub median approach of interacting hub network design to intermodal logistics domain. Intermodal shipments are classified as multiple class products with deterministic routings in a serial queuing network. Such an approach is used to model flow congestion at hubs and to study its impact on the hub network design. This research also develops and tests metaheuristic (Tabu Search) solution approaches. These solution approaches are benchmarked with tight lower bounds based on Lagrangian and linear relaxations. These benchmarking studies show that the metaheuristic solution approaches are suitable for solving large intermodal network design problems. In order to bring practical relevance to this work, real world data is used with the actual footprint of interstate highways, intermodal rail and air freight networks. Multiple research studies are conducted to gain useful insights into the issues related to the design and management of IM logistics networks. These studies show that the use of IM shipments can provide significant benefits in reducing total logistics costs. It is also shown that use of IM shipments requires re-alignment of a logistics network in terms of its network structure and service design. Overall, significant savings can be realized from the use of IM shipments, but operating an intermodal logistics network requires a high degree of planning and managerial control.

The Future of Intermodal Freight Transport

Download The Future of Intermodal Freight Transport PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1848441398
Total Pages : 357 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (484 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Future of Intermodal Freight Transport by : J. W. Konings

Download or read book The Future of Intermodal Freight Transport written by J. W. Konings and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2008-01-01 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: . . . the book will be a valuable resource for students, researchers, policy makers and practitioners. Competition and Regulation in Network Industries The book is well balanced. . . The authors depict the reality of this complex world and identify the right strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Bart Jourquin, European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research . . . the editors and the expert contributors provide a timely overview of the present role and challenges of intermodal freight transport. . . the book will not only be appealing to academics and researchers with an interest in the emerging field of intermodal transport research. As the book is largely kept at an executive and policy level, it is also appealing to practitioners and policy makers. . . the book is a valuable contribution to the study of intermodal freight transport as a new transportation research application field. It is an essential reading for all stakeholders in the field of intermodal freight transportation, providing them with insight and tools to address the mounting academic and practical challenges in this segment of the transport and logistics market. Theo Notteboom, Journal of Transport Geography This book explores the great challenge of increasing the scope of intermodal freight transport. In view of the current dominant role of road transport and the increasing difficulties in coping with a growing number of vehicles in an efficient and sustainable way, intermodal freight transport could be considered a viable alternative. However, the book makes recognition of the fact that there is still a need to improve the performance of the intermodal transport system. The expert contributors provide an overview of the present role of intermodal freight transport, address opportunities to significantly improve current performance, and demonstrate design and modelling tools used to analyse and support this performance. Requirements for the implementation of intermodal innovations are also prescribed, and policies needed to improve competitiveness are outlined. Many factors contributing to the performance and competitiveness of intermodal freight transport are explored, from technological and organisational innovations through to institutional settings and policy frameworks. This comprehensive range of topics will attract a broad audience including academics, researchers, policymakers and practitioners involved in the design and development of freight transport systems. It will also strongly appeal to those with an interest in the future of freight transport.

Network Design with Applications to Transportation and Logistics

Download Network Design with Applications to Transportation and Logistics PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030640183
Total Pages : 668 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (36 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Network Design with Applications to Transportation and Logistics by : Teodor Gabriel Crainic

Download or read book Network Design with Applications to Transportation and Logistics written by Teodor Gabriel Crainic and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-07-16 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the methodological and application developments of network design in transportation and logistics. It identifies trends, challenges and research perspectives in network design for these areas. Network design is a major class of problems in operations research where network flow, combinatorial and mixed integer optimization meet. The analysis and planning of transportation and logistics systems continues to be one of the most important application areas of operations research. Networks provide the natural way of depicting such systems, so the optimal design and operation of networks is the main methodological area of operations research that is used for the analysis and planning of these systems. This book defines the current state of the art in the general area of network design, and then turns to its applications to transportation and logistics. New research challenges are addressed. Network Design with Applications to Transportation and Logistics is divided into three parts. Part I examines basic design problems including fixed-cost network design and parallel algorithms. After addressing the basics, Part II focuses on more advanced models. Chapters cover topics such as multi-facility network design, flow-constrained network design, and robust network design. Finally Part III is dedicated entirely to the potential application areas for network design. These areas range from rail networks, to city logistics, to energy transport. All of the chapters are written by leading researchers in the field, which should appeal to analysts and planners.

The Geography of Transport Systems

Download The Geography of Transport Systems PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136777326
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (367 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Geography of Transport Systems by : Jean-Paul Rodrigue

Download or read book The Geography of Transport Systems written by Jean-Paul Rodrigue and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-07-18 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mobility is fundamental to economic and social activities such as commuting, manufacturing, or supplying energy. Each movement has an origin, a potential set of intermediate locations, a destination, and a nature which is linked with geographical attributes. Transport systems composed of infrastructures, modes and terminals are so embedded in the socio-economic life of individuals, institutions and corporations that they are often invisible to the consumer. This is paradoxical as the perceived invisibility of transportation is derived from its efficiency. Understanding how mobility is linked with geography is main the purpose of this book. The third edition of The Geography of Transport Systems has been revised and updated to provide an overview of the spatial aspects of transportation. This text provides greater discussion of security, energy, green logistics, as well as new and updated case studies, a revised content structure, and new figures. Each chapter covers a specific conceptual dimension including networks, modes, terminals, freight transportation, urban transportation and environmental impacts. A final chapter contains core methodologies linked with transport geography such as accessibility, spatial interactions, graph theory and Geographic Information Systems for transportation (GIS-T). This book provides a comprehensive and accessible introduction to the field, with a broad overview of its concepts, methods, and areas of application. The accompanying website for this text contains a useful additional material, including digital maps, PowerPoint slides, databases, and links to further reading and websites. The website can be accessed at: http://people.hofstra.edu/geotrans This text is an essential resource for undergraduates studying transport geography, as well as those interest in economic and urban geography, transport planning and engineering.

Integrated Transport

Download Integrated Transport PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136965475
Total Pages : 509 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (369 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Integrated Transport by : Moshe Givoni

Download or read book Integrated Transport written by Moshe Givoni and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-07-02 with total page 509 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Travel is an essential part of everyday life and today most journeys are multimodal. It is the total travel experience that counts and integrated transport must reduce the inconvenience of transfers between modes. Most research and many publications on transport policy advocate sustainable transport, but the priority given to integration has been negligible. Yet integration is one of the most important means to advance sustainable transport and sustainability more generally. While integrated transport systems are seen to be an ideal, there is a failure to make the transition from policy to practice. The authors argue that the achievement of sustainable transport is still a dream, as an integrated transport policy is a prerequisite for a sustainable transport system. It is only when the two concepts of sustainability and integration operate in the same direction and in a positive way that real progress can be made. In this book, transportation experts from across the world have addressed the questions about what is integration, why is it so important and why is it so hard to achieve? The book provides an in-depth analysis of these issues and it aims to provide a better understanding of the subject, about what should be strived for, about what is realistic to expect, and about how to move forward towards a more integrated provision of transport infrastructure, services and management.

Integration of Combined Transport into Supply Chain Concepts

Download Integration of Combined Transport into Supply Chain Concepts PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3834939587
Total Pages : 377 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (349 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Integration of Combined Transport into Supply Chain Concepts by : Julia Bendul

Download or read book Integration of Combined Transport into Supply Chain Concepts written by Julia Bendul and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-07-05 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book focuses on the context of social and political keitsdiskussion sustainability and the growing difficulties in road freight with the question of how rail services can be practically integrated into the value network of industrial and commercial enterprises. The integration of the material and information flows to the large number of legally independent actors is the focus.​

An Integrated Model for Logistics Network Design

Download An Integrated Model for Logistics Network Design PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Montréal : Groupe d'études et de recherche en analyse des décisions
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (52 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis An Integrated Model for Logistics Network Design by : Fédérico Pasin

Download or read book An Integrated Model for Logistics Network Design written by Fédérico Pasin and published by Montréal : Groupe d'études et de recherche en analyse des décisions. This book was released on 2002 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Collaborative Logistics and Intermodality

Download Collaborative Logistics and Intermodality PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030509583
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (35 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Collaborative Logistics and Intermodality by : Jorge E. Hernández

Download or read book Collaborative Logistics and Intermodality written by Jorge E. Hernández and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-08-28 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents new approaches to logistics solutions in global environments, with a special focus on collaborative logistics and intermodality. Contributions in this book are linked to two major initiatives in global logistics - H2020 MSCA-RISE-EU project EC-Asia Research Network on Integration of Global and Local Agri-Food Supply Chains Towards Sustainable Food Security (GOLF), and the ​International Conference on Logistics & Supply Chain (CiLOG). Topics covered in this book are: global logistics environments in manufacturing industries, key logistic decision-making parameters, global logistics management and its impact on container logistics processes, logistic market clusters and many more.

Multimodal/intermodal Transportation in the United States, Western Europe and Latin America

Download Multimodal/intermodal Transportation in the United States, Western Europe and Latin America PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Lyndon B. Johnson, School of Public Affairs
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 588 pages
Book Rating : 4.A/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Multimodal/intermodal Transportation in the United States, Western Europe and Latin America by : Leigh B. Boske

Download or read book Multimodal/intermodal Transportation in the United States, Western Europe and Latin America written by Leigh B. Boske and published by Lyndon B. Johnson, School of Public Affairs. This book was released on 1998 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This policy research project was funded by and conducted for the Texas Department of Transportation, in cooperation with the Federal Highway Administration. The research was performed during the 1997-98 academic year by 18 graduate students and a faculty project director at the Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs, The University of Texas at Austin. Its purpose was to examine "best practices" in governmental multimodal/intermodal transport policies, plans, and programs. This task was accomplished by investigating supranational, national, state, and local government multimodal/intermodal activities in North America, Western Europe, and Latin America.

Modern Trends and Research in Intermodal Transportation

Download Modern Trends and Research in Intermodal Transportation PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030871207
Total Pages : 566 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Modern Trends and Research in Intermodal Transportation by : Aleksander Sładkowski

Download or read book Modern Trends and Research in Intermodal Transportation written by Aleksander Sładkowski and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-01-21 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a specific technical solution, called intermodal transport, which became the basic technological solution that made it possible to provide global interregional transport. Every day, new technical, technological, and organizational solutions appear that significantly affect the further development of this industry. However, there are certain local differences between regions. In addition, an essential factor is the exchange of experience between scientists from different countries. Accordingly, the purpose of this monothematic book is to acquaint readers with the achievements of scientists dealing with this topic and living in different regions. Scientists and specialists from Poland, Germany, Great Britain, USA, Romania, Bulgaria, Russia, Italy, Kazakhstan, and Lithuania participated in the writing of individual chapters of this book. This book is intended for professionals, teachers, students, and others who are interested in new approaches to solving transport problems.

A Decision Support System for Intermodal Transport Policy

Download A Decision Support System for Intermodal Transport Policy PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : ASP / VUBPRESS / UPA
ISBN 13 : 9054875267
Total Pages : 153 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (548 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis A Decision Support System for Intermodal Transport Policy by : Cathy Macharis

Download or read book A Decision Support System for Intermodal Transport Policy written by Cathy Macharis and published by ASP / VUBPRESS / UPA. This book was released on 2008 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this informative and well-researched account, the new developments in intermodal transport are discussed, and special attention is given to evaluation models and policy measures in this field. Describing the three core models that have been either developed or enhanced to create an overall assessment framework for intermodal transport policies in Belgium--a multimodal freight model (NODUS), a discrete event-simulation model of the inland waterway network and its terminals (SIMBA), and a Location Analysis Model for Belgian Intermodal Terminals (LAMBIT)--this record analyzes the effectiveness and sustainability of policy measures in terms of modal shift, external costs, and capacity restrictions associated with the freight infrastructure network.

Intermodal Freight Transportation

Download Intermodal Freight Transportation PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128144653
Total Pages : 254 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Intermodal Freight Transportation by : Vasco Reis

Download or read book Intermodal Freight Transportation written by Vasco Reis and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-08-28 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intermodal Freight Transportation conceptualizes intermodal transport as a set of physical, logical, financial and contractual flows, examining the barriers that impact intermodal freight services and the resulting performance variables. The book covers transport modes, agents, supply and demand patterns, key drivers, trends influencing the freight transportation sector, the evolution of supply and logistics chains, and the impacts of technological advancements, such as autonomous vehicles and e-commerce. In addition, the book covers transport agents, such as shippers, freight forwarders, integrators, and customs, as well as the demand for freight transport services and the key properties of goods. Readers will find a variety of new tools for analyzing and building effective transport chains that addresses component technology, information, responsibility, and financing dimension, along with sections on key organizational, regulatory, infrastructure and technological barriers. The book concludes with a look into the future of the freight transport sector. Presents a step-by-step approach that introduces key topics for understanding efficient intermodal transportation Focuses on the concept of fitness between the modes of transport profiles Contains numerous, real-world case studies throughout Examines performance metrics

Institutional Challenges to Intermodal Transport and Logistics

Download Institutional Challenges to Intermodal Transport and Logistics PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317115848
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (171 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Institutional Challenges to Intermodal Transport and Logistics by : Jason Monios

Download or read book Institutional Challenges to Intermodal Transport and Logistics written by Jason Monios and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-05-23 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While the operational realities of intermodal transport are relatively well known, the institutional challenges are less well understood. This book provides an overview of intermodal transport and logistics including the policy background, emerging industry trends and academic approaches. Establishing the three key features of intermodal transport geography as intermodal terminals, inland logistics and hinterland corridors, Jason Monios takes an institutional approach to understanding the difficulties of successful intermodal transport and logistics. Key areas of investigation include the policy and planning background, the roles of public and private stakeholders and the identification of emerging strategy conflicts. Substantial empirical content situates the theoretical and practical issues in real-world examples via three detailed case study chapters (covering the USA, UK and Europe), making the book useful to students as well as practitioners desiring an understanding of how intermodal transport and logistics work in practice. The identified challenges to intermodal transport and logistics are used to demonstrate how competing port and inland strategies can inhibit the necessary processes of integration required to underpin successful intermodal transport. The book concludes with a look at the future of institutional adaptation that may enhance the capacity of freight actors to engage with intermodal transport developments.

Modelling of the Interaction of the Different Vehicles and Various Transport Modes

Download Modelling of the Interaction of the Different Vehicles and Various Transport Modes PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030115127
Total Pages : 527 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Modelling of the Interaction of the Different Vehicles and Various Transport Modes by : Aleksander Sładkowski

Download or read book Modelling of the Interaction of the Different Vehicles and Various Transport Modes written by Aleksander Sładkowski and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-28 with total page 527 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ​This book discusses various issues of modeling freight and passenger traffic, and explores the common approaches and regional differences. The latter may be a consequence of national legislation or the various approaches that are adopted by scientists around the globe. It focuses on the organization of transcontinental transport and aspects of planning and harmonizing the movement of various transport means, particularly intermodal and multimodal transport. New approaches to the prediction of transportation needs are also considered. Written by international experts, the book is divided into 2 parts: the first part analyzes passenger transport, while the second addresses freight transport. It is intended wide audience, including university professors, graduate and Ph.D. students; transport professionals, and logistics specialist.

Future Sustainable Urban Freight Network Design in the Large Cities and Megacities

Download Future Sustainable Urban Freight Network Design in the Large Cities and Megacities PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 365834203X
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (583 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Future Sustainable Urban Freight Network Design in the Large Cities and Megacities by : Zhangyuan He

Download or read book Future Sustainable Urban Freight Network Design in the Large Cities and Megacities written by Zhangyuan He and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-07-12 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to investigate a long-term strategy for sustainable urban logistics. The literature evidence exhibits that considerable research on urban logistics lacks long-term planning and rarely considers the urban spatial development and integration of urban distribution innovations. Currently, 11 distribution innovations can be used for future sustainable urban freight transport. According to a systematic discussion, this book formulates the conceptual model of Sustainable Inner-urban Intermodal Transportation (SIUIT) for future urban logistics. Moreover, a comprehensive analysis illustrates that future integrations of distribution innovations comprise operational and technological integration. To this end, the morphological analysis method is employed to discuss their feasible solutions based on the SIUIT model. After that, combined with the trend exploration of urban spatial development on large- and megacities, this book constructs the 2.x Modula & Sustainable Urban Freight Network to improve the flexibility of the future sustainable logistics transformation. About the AuthorDr. rer. pol. Zhangyuan He graduated from the University of Bremen. He currently undertakes postdoctoral research at the School of Urban Planning and Design, Peking University.