Controlled Human Inhalation-Exposure Studies at EPA

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030945252X
Total Pages : 159 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Controlled Human Inhalation-Exposure Studies at EPA by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Controlled Human Inhalation-Exposure Studies at EPA written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-10 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has a mission and regulatory responsibility to protect human health and the environment. EPA's pursuit of that goal includes a variety of research activities involving human subjects, such as epidemiologic studies and surveys. Those research activities also involve studies of individuals who volunteer to be exposed to air pollutants intentionally in controlled laboratory settings so that measurements can be made of transient and reversible biomarker or physiologic responses to those exposures that can indicate pathways of toxicity and mechanisms of air-pollution responses. The results of those controlled human inhalation exposure (CHIE) studies, also referred to as human clinical studies or human challenge studies, are used to inform policy decisions and help establish or revise standards to protect public health and improve air quality. Controlled Human Inhalation-Exposure Studies at EPA addresses scientific issues and provides guidance on the conduct of CHIE studies. This report assesses the utility of CHIE studies to inform and reduce uncertainties in setting air-pollution standards to protect public health and assess whether continuation of such studies is warranted. It also evaluates the potential health risks to test subjects who participated in recent studies of air pollutants at EPA's clinical research facility.

Inhalation Toxicology

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1420037307
Total Pages : 1055 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Inhalation Toxicology by : Harry Salem

Download or read book Inhalation Toxicology written by Harry Salem and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-12-22 with total page 1055 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by internationally recognized scientists from academic, industrial, and governmental sectors, Inhalation Toxicology, Second Edition details the methods and materials used in the theoretical and applied aspects of inhalation toxicology. The editors emphasize the relationship between the respiratory system and toxicology of inhaled substances

Inhalation Toxicology

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Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642613551
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (426 download)

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Book Synopsis Inhalation Toxicology by : Ulrich Mohr

Download or read book Inhalation Toxicology written by Ulrich Mohr and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-07 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI), a nonprofit, public foundation, was established in 1978 to advance the sciences of nutrition, toxicology, and food safety. ILSI promotes the resolution of health and safety issues in these areas by sponsoring research, conferences, publications, and educational programs. Through ILSI's programs, scientists from government, academia, and industry unite their efforts to resolve issues of critical importance to the public. As part of its commitment to understanding and resolving health and safety issues, ILSI is pleased to sponsor this series of monographs that consolidates new scientific knowledge, defines research needs, and provides a background for the effective application of scientific advances in toxicology and food safety. Alex Malaspina President International Life Sciences Institute Contents Series Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi Part I. Approaches to Assessing the Toxicity of Airborne Toxicants Chapter 1. Standard-Setting as an Integrative Exercise: Alchemy, Juggling, or Science? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 D. v. Bates Chapter 2. Species Differences in Inhalation Toxicology: Variations in Exposure-Dose Relationships and Macrophage Function. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 J. D. Brain Chapter 3. Cell Populations of the Respiratory System: Interspecies Diversity in Composition, Distribution, and Morphology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 e. G. Plopper, A. Mir, J. St. George, N. Tyler, A. Mariassy, D. Wilson, S. Nishio, D. Cranz, J. Heidsiek, and D. Hyde Chapter 4. Comparative Metabolic Basis for the Disposition and Toxic Effects of Inhaled Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 A. R. Dahl Part II. Methodological Issues in Designing and Conducting Studies with Laboratory Animals Chapter 5. Exposure Facilities and Aerosol Generation and Characterization for Inhalation Experiments. . . . . . . . . .

Inhalation Studies

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780849314001
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Inhalation Studies by : Robert F. Phalen

Download or read book Inhalation Studies written by Robert F. Phalen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2008-10-22 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This significantly updated and expanded new edition presents the scientific foundations of inhalation research essential to the design and conduct of toxicologic studies. It incorporates the major advances that have been made in the field, including recent advances in biology and the rapidly increasing global concerns and studies on particulate air pollution. The Second Edition was motivated by: new developments in the ultrafine particle health effects and concentrated aerosol research advances in understanding postnatal lung growth and the deposition and clearance of inhaled particles new techniques in toxicity testing the explosion of knowledge in the genetic and molecular realms the introduction of a large number of transgenic animal models updated ethical guidelines for animal testing the emergence of aerosol medicine the growing threat of aerosol-related terrorism increased appreciation of nonpulmonary effects of inhaled substances use of medical scanning techniques to study respiratory tract structure the introduction of new inhalation exposure systems the emergence of aerosol concentrators for use in air pollution studies

Methods in Inhalation Toxicology

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000674606
Total Pages : 174 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (6 download)

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Book Synopsis Methods in Inhalation Toxicology by : Robert F. Phalen

Download or read book Methods in Inhalation Toxicology written by Robert F. Phalen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-04-30 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on an important aspect of the methods in laboratory animal inhalation toxicology. It is targeted to students in toxicology programs and scientists contemplating performing inhalation studies.

Inhalation Toxicology; the Design and Interpretation of Inhalation Studies and Their Use in Risk Assessment

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (985 download)

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Book Synopsis Inhalation Toxicology; the Design and Interpretation of Inhalation Studies and Their Use in Risk Assessment by : U MOHR (Ed)

Download or read book Inhalation Toxicology; the Design and Interpretation of Inhalation Studies and Their Use in Risk Assessment written by U MOHR (Ed) and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: APPROACHES TO ASSESSING THE TOXICITY OF AIRBORNE TOXICANTS; STANDARD-SETTING AS AN INTEGRATIVE EXERCISE: ALCHEMY, JUGGLING, OR SCIENCE; SPECIES DIFFERENCES IN INHALATION TOXICOLOGY: VARIATIONS IN EXPOSURE-DOSE RELATIONSHIPS AND MACROPHAGE FUNCTION; CELL POPULATIONS OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM: INTERSPECIES DIVERSITY IN COMPOSITION, DISTRIBUTION AND MORPHOLOGY; COMPARATIVE METABOLIC BASIS FOR THE DISPOSITION AND TOXIC EFFECTS OF INHALED MATERIALS; METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES IN DESIGNING AND CONDUCTING STUDIES WITH LABORATORY ANIMALS; EXPOSURE FACILITIES AND AEROSOL GENERATION AND CHARACTERIZATION FOR INHALATION EXPERIMENTS; DIFFERENT METHODS USED IN ACUTE AND SUBCHRONIC INHALATION STUDIES OF POTENTIAL LUNG IRRITANTS, WITH PARTICULAR ATTENTION TO LUNG FUNCTION; CHRONIC INHALATION TOXICITY STUDIES: PROTOCOLS AND PITFALLS; CARCINOGENICITY PROTOCOLS.

Wildlife Toxicity Assessments for Chemicals of Military Concern

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Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128004800
Total Pages : 725 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)

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Book Synopsis Wildlife Toxicity Assessments for Chemicals of Military Concern by : Marc Williams

Download or read book Wildlife Toxicity Assessments for Chemicals of Military Concern written by Marc Williams and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-05-21 with total page 725 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wildlife Toxicity Assessments for Chemicals of Military Concern is a compendium of chemical-specific toxicity information with discussions on the rationale and development of Wildlife Toxicity Reference Values (TRVs) intended for use on terrestrial wildlife for risk assessment applications. Substances covered include military-related chemicals including explosives, propellants, pesticides and metals. Wildlife Toxicity Assessments for Chemicals of Military Concern is a much-needed resource designed to meet the needs of those seeking toxicological information for ecological risk assessment purposes. Each chapter targets a specific chemical and considers the current knowledge of the toxicological impacts of chemicals to terrestrial wildlife including mammalian, avian, amphibian and reptilian species. - Provides detailed information on how Wildlife Toxicity Values (TRVs) for military chemicals of concern are derived and evaluated. - Covers wildlife toxicity assessments of explosives, metals and environmental chemicals. - Compiles relevant information on the environmental effects of chemicals on wildlife in relation to public and environmental health.

Advances in Controlled Clinical Inhalation Studies

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642771769
Total Pages : 423 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (427 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in Controlled Clinical Inhalation Studies by : D.V. Bates

Download or read book Advances in Controlled Clinical Inhalation Studies written by D.V. Bates and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Controlled Clinical Inhalation Studies represents scientific work presented at the 3rd International Inhalation Symposium held 1991 in Hannover, FRG. The symposium covered the new developments in this field of research. The main pollutants of interest were acid aerosols, fog, and indoor pollutants, while with regard to biological effects, an emphasis was placed on immunotoxicological and biochemical parameters. Tests on high risk groups were also considered. Initial chapters describe the outdoor environment as well as indoor air, measurement and quality - both at home and in the workplace. Besides methods for clinical inhalation and assessing personal exposure, new methodologies are particularly presented. Further chapters focus on the relevance of clinical data for regulatory decisions.

Inhalation Studies

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Publisher : CRC PressI Llc
ISBN 13 : 9780849354694
Total Pages : 277 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (546 download)

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Book Synopsis Inhalation Studies by : Robert F. Phalen

Download or read book Inhalation Studies written by Robert F. Phalen and published by CRC PressI Llc. This book was released on 1984 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1. Aerosol and gases; 2. Basic morphology and physiology of the respiratory tract; 3. Establishing and controlling exposure environments; 4. Characterizing the exposure; 5. Methods for exposure animals.

How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 728 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease by : United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General

Download or read book How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease written by United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.

Inhalation Toxicology Studies of Aerosolized Products

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Inhalation Toxicology Studies of Aerosolized Products by : United States. Food and Drug Administration

Download or read book Inhalation Toxicology Studies of Aerosolized Products written by United States. Food and Drug Administration and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

WHO Guidelines for Indoor Air Quality

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Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 488 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis WHO Guidelines for Indoor Air Quality by :

Download or read book WHO Guidelines for Indoor Air Quality written by and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2010 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents WHO guidelines for the protection of public health from risks due to a number of chemicals commonly present in indoor air. The substances considered in this review, i.e. benzene, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, naphthalene, nitrogen dioxide, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (especially benzo[a]pyrene), radon, trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene, have indoor sources, are known in respect of their hazardousness to health and are often found indoors in concentrations of health concern. The guidelines are targeted at public health professionals involved in preventing health risks of environmental exposures, as well as specialists and authorities involved in the design and use of buildings, indoor materials and products. They provide a scientific basis for legally enforceable standards.

OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4 Test No. 403: Acute Inhalation Toxicity

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Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264070605
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (64 download)

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Book Synopsis OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4 Test No. 403: Acute Inhalation Toxicity by : OECD

Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4 Test No. 403: Acute Inhalation Toxicity written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2009-09-08 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This method provides information on health hazard likely to arise from short-term exposure to a test article (gas, vapour or aerosol/particulate test article) by inhalation. The revised Test Guideline describes two studies: a traditional LC50 ...

Concepts In Inhalation Toxicology

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9781439805572
Total Pages : 678 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (55 download)

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Book Synopsis Concepts In Inhalation Toxicology by : Roger O. McClellan

Download or read book Concepts In Inhalation Toxicology written by Roger O. McClellan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1995-09-25 with total page 678 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent developments have provided new data on the subject of inhalation toxicology, requiring an update of the previous edition of this popular text. Like the first, this second edition explains the basic concepts and quantitative approaches in inhalation toxicology, and it gives a comprehensive treatment of evaluations of respiratory responses to inhaled particles and gases. The author here explores new understanding of the role of cytokines in pulmonary inflammation and risk assessment. Immunologists, oncologists, respiratory specialists and students in those fields will find Concepts In Inhalation Toxicology to be essential to their practice.

Drinking Water and Health,

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309036879
Total Pages : 476 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Drinking Water and Health, by : National Research Council

Download or read book Drinking Water and Health, written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1986-02-01 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most recent volume in the Drinking Water and Health series contains the results of a two-part study on the toxicity of drinking water contaminants. The first part examines current practices in risk assessment, identifies new noncancerous toxic responses to chemicals found in drinking water, and discusses the use of pharmacokinetic data to estimate the delivered dose and response. The second part of the book provides risk assessments for 14 specific compounds, 9 presented here for the first time.

Inhalation Studies:Foundations & Techniques

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (118 download)

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Book Synopsis Inhalation Studies:Foundations & Techniques by : R F. Phalen

Download or read book Inhalation Studies:Foundations & Techniques written by R F. Phalen and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Acute Toxicology Testing

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Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 008052592X
Total Pages : 561 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Acute Toxicology Testing by : Shayne C. Gad

Download or read book Acute Toxicology Testing written by Shayne C. Gad and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1997-10-27 with total page 561 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Acute toxicology testing provides the first line of defense against potentially dangerous chemicals. This book is a complete and practical guide to conducting and interpreting all regulatory required and commonly used acute toxicity tests. It presents detailed protocols for all of the common test designs and reviews their development and objectives. Acute Toxicology Testing, Second Edition will interest not only workers in the pharmaceutical industry, but also researchers and students in toxicology and public health.Key Features* Over 100 tables summarizing and interpreting results* Complete coverage of all major test designs and their limitations and advantages* Current status of alternative test designs and models