Induction Acceptance And Rational Belief

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Induction, Acceptance, and Rational Belief

Author : M. Swain
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401033900
Total Pages : 241 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Induction, Acceptance, and Rational Belief by : M. Swain

Download or read book Induction, Acceptance, and Rational Belief written by M. Swain and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The papers collected in this volume were originally presented at a sym posium held at the University of Pennsylvania in December of 1968. Each of the papers has been revised in light of the discussions that took place during this symposium. None of the papers has appeared in print previously. The extensive bibliography that appears at the end of the volume was originally distributed during the symposium and was revised on the basis of many helpful suggestions made by those who participated. The symposium was made possible by a grant from The National Science Foundation and funds contributed by the Philosophy Depart ment of the University of Pennsylvania. On behalf of the contributors to this volume, I would like to express my thanks to these organizations for their generous support. In addition, I would like to express my gratitude to the members of the Graduate Philosophy Students Organization at the University of Penn sylvania for the considerable assistance they gave me during the sym posium. My thanks, also, to Judith Sofranko and Lynn Luckett for their very responsible efforts in the preparation of the manuscript. Finally, I would like to thank Professor James Cornman for his invaluable advice and encouragement.

INDUCTION, ACCEPTANCE, AND RATIONAL BELIEF ; Marshall Swain

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (18 download)

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Download or read book INDUCTION, ACCEPTANCE, AND RATIONAL BELIEF ; Marshall Swain written by and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Lotteries, Knowledge, and Rational Belief

Author : Igor Douven
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108386407
Total Pages : 279 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (83 download)

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Book Synopsis Lotteries, Knowledge, and Rational Belief by : Igor Douven

Download or read book Lotteries, Knowledge, and Rational Belief written by Igor Douven and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-02-04 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We talk and think about our beliefs both in a categorical (yes/no) and in a graded way. How do the two kinds of belief hang together? The most straightforward answer is that we believe something categorically if we believe it to a high enough degree. But this seemingly obvious, near-platitudinous claim is known to give rise to a paradox commonly known as the 'lottery paradox' – at least when it is coupled with some further seeming near-platitudes about belief. How to resolve that paradox has been a matter of intense philosophical debate for over fifty years. This volume offers a collection of newly commissioned essays on the subject, all of which provide compelling reasons for rethinking many of the fundamentals of the debate.

Induction, Acceptance, and Retionl Belief

Author : Marshall Swain
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (969 download)

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Book Synopsis Induction, Acceptance, and Retionl Belief by : Marshall Swain

Download or read book Induction, Acceptance, and Retionl Belief written by Marshall Swain and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Pragmatism and Inquiry

Author : Isaac Levi
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0191654825
Total Pages : 271 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)

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Book Synopsis Pragmatism and Inquiry by : Isaac Levi

Download or read book Pragmatism and Inquiry written by Isaac Levi and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-08-30 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents a series of essays which investigate the nature of intellectual inquiry: what its aims are and how it operates. The starting-point is the work of the American Pragmatists C. S. Peirce and John Dewey. Inquiry according to Peirce is a struggle to replace doubt by true belief. Dewey insisted that the transformation was from an indeterminate situation to a determinate or non-problematic one. So Isaac Levi's subject is changes in doxastic commitments, which may involve changes in attitudes or changes in situations in which attitudes are entangled. The question what justifies modification of doxastic commitments is a normative one, and so may not be understandable in purely naturalistic terms.

Progress and Rationality in Science

Author : G. Radnitzky
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 940099866X
Total Pages : 424 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Progress and Rationality in Science by : G. Radnitzky

Download or read book Progress and Rationality in Science written by G. Radnitzky and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of essays has evolved through the co-operative efforts, which began in the fall of 1974, of the participants in a workshop sponsored by the Fritz Thyssen Foundation. The idea of holding one or more small colloquia devoted to the topics of rational choice in science and scientific progress originated in a conversation in the summer of 1973 between one of the editors (GR) and the late Imre Lakatos. Unfortunately Lakatos himself was never able to see this project through, but his thought-provoking methodology of scientific research programmes was ably expounded and defended by his successors. Indeed, this volume continues and deepens the debate inaugurated in Criticism and the Growth of Knowledge (edited by Imre Lakatos and Alan Musgrave), a book which grew out of a conference held in 1965. That debate has continued during the years that have passed since that conference. The group of discussions about the place of rationality in science which have been held between those who emphasize the history of science (with Feyerabend and Kuhn as the most prominent exponents) and the critical rationalists (Popper and his followers), with Imre Lakatos defending a middle ground, these discussions were seen by almost all commentators as the most important event in the philosophy of science in the last decade. This problem area constituted the central theme of our Thyssen workshop. The workshop operated in the following manner.

Belief's Own Ethics

Author : Jonathan E. Adler
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262261371
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (613 download)

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Book Synopsis Belief's Own Ethics by : Jonathan E. Adler

Download or read book Belief's Own Ethics written by Jonathan E. Adler and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2006-01-20 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fundamental question of the ethics of belief is "What ought one to believe?" According to the traditional view of evidentialism, the strength of one's beliefs should be proportionate to the evidence. Conventional ways of defending and challenging evidentialism rely on the idea that what one ought to believe is a matter of what it is rational, prudent, ethical, or personally fulfilling to believe. Common to all these approaches is that they look outside of belief itself to determine what one ought to believe. In this book Jonathan Adler offers a strengthened version of evidentialism, arguing that the ethics of belief should be rooted in the concept of belief—that evidentialism is belief's own ethics. A key observation is that it is not merely that one ought not, but that one cannot, believe, for example, that the number of stars is even. The "cannot" represents a conceptual barrier, not just an inability. Therefore belief in defiance of one's evidence (or evidentialism) is impossible. Adler addresses such questions as irrational beliefs, reasonableness, control over beliefs, and whether justifying beliefs requires a foundation. Although he treats the ethics of belief as a central topic in epistemology, his ideas also bear on rationality, argument and pragmatics, philosophy of religion, ethics, and social cognitive psychology.

Dialogue Games

Author : L. Carlson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401539634
Total Pages : 339 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Dialogue Games by : L. Carlson

Download or read book Dialogue Games written by L. Carlson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This essay constitutes yet another approach to the fields of inquiry variously known as discourse analysis, discourse grammar, text grammar, functional 1 syntax, or text linguistics. An attempt is made to develop a fairly abstract unified theoretical frame work for the description of discourse which actually helps explain concrete facts of the discourse grammar of a naturallanguage.2 This plan is reflected in the division of the study into two parts. In the first part, a semiformal framework for describing conversational discourse is developed in some detail. In the second part, this framework is applied to the functional syntax of English. The relation of the discourse grammar of Part II to the descriptive frame work of Part I can be instructively compared to the relation of Tarskian semantics to model theory. Tarski's semantics defmes a concept of truth of a sentence in a model, an independently identified construct. Analogously, my rules of discourse grammar defme a concept of appropriateness of a sentence to a given context. The task of the first Part of the essay is to characterize the relevant notion of context. Although my original statement of the problem was linguistic - how to describe the meaning, or function, of certain aspects of word order and intonation - Part I is largely an application of various methods and results of philosophical logic. The justification of the interdisciplinary approach is the simplicity and naturalness of the eventual answers to specific linguistic problems in Part II.

Analysis and Metaphysics

Author : Keith Lehrer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 940109098X
Total Pages : 370 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Analysis and Metaphysics by : Keith Lehrer

Download or read book Analysis and Metaphysics written by Keith Lehrer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: AND BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH This collection of essays in honor of Roderick M. Chisholm is the work of his former students. The book was conceived and the original con tributors invited by Richard Taylor. We restricted the contributors to former students of Chisholm as a special tribute to his acknowledged as a teacher of philosophy. The profundity of his contributions to genius epistemology and metaphysics are acknowledged throughout the phil osophical world. Those who have been present at his lectures and semi nars, who have been incited to philosophical cerebration by the clarity and precision of his exposition, know that his impact on contemporary philosophy far exceeds the influence of the written word. It is, we think, appropriate that his students should reserve for themselves the privilege of honoring Chisholm in this way as his 60th birthday draws near. The tribute paid to Chisholm in Taylor's essay conveys a personal impression. I shall, consequently, refrain from personal reminiscence here, and instead, mention some of the highlights of an illustrious life. Chisholm was born on November 27, 1916 in North Attleboro, Massachu setts. He married Eleanor F. Parker in 1943 and raised three children with her. He received an A. B. from Brown in 1938, a Ph. D. from Harvard in 1942, and served in the U. S. Army from 1942 to 1946.

Modality, Morality and Belief

Author : Walter Sinnott-Armstrong
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521440820
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (48 download)

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Book Synopsis Modality, Morality and Belief by : Walter Sinnott-Armstrong

Download or read book Modality, Morality and Belief written by Walter Sinnott-Armstrong and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1995-01-27 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modality, morality and belief are among the most controversial topics in philosophy today, and few philosophers have shaped these debates as deeply as Ruth Barcan Marcus. Inspired by her work, a distinguished group of philosophers explore these issues, refine and sharpen arguments and develop new positions on such topics as possible worlds, moral dilemmas, essentialism, and the explantion of actions by beliefs. This state of the art collection honors one of the most rigorous and iconoclastic of philosophical pioneers.

Blameworthy Belief

Author : Nikolaj Nottelmann
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402059612
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Blameworthy Belief by : Nikolaj Nottelmann

Download or read book Blameworthy Belief written by Nikolaj Nottelmann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-07-18 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Believing the wrong thing can have drastic consequences. The question of when a person is not only ill-guided, but genuinely at fault for holding a particular belief goes to the root of our understanding of such notions as criminal negligence and moral responsibility. This book explores the conditions under which someone may be deemed blameworthy for holding a particular belief, drawing on contemporary epistemology, ethics and legal scholarship.

Fundamentals of Bayesian Epistemology 1

Author : Michael G. Titelbaum
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198707606
Total Pages : 217 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Bayesian Epistemology 1 by : Michael G. Titelbaum

Download or read book Fundamentals of Bayesian Epistemology 1 written by Michael G. Titelbaum and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Fundamentals of Bayesian Epistemology' provides an accessible introduction to the key concepts and principles of the Bayesian formalism. This volume introduces degrees of belief as a concept in epistemology and the rules for updating degrees of belief derived from Bayesian principles.--

The Oxford Handbook of Epistemology

Author : Paul K. Moser
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 019020818X
Total Pages : 649 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Epistemology by : Paul K. Moser

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Epistemology written by Paul K. Moser and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2005-10-27 with total page 649 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oxford Handbook of Epistemology contains 19 previously unpublished chapters by today's leading figures in the field. These chapters function not only as a survey of key areas, but as original scholarship on a range of vital topics. Written accessibly for advanced undergraduates, graduate students, and professional philosophers, the Handbook explains the main ideas and problems of contemporary epistemology while avoiding overly technical detail.

Thinking about Acting

Author : John L. Pollock
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780195304817
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (48 download)

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Book Synopsis Thinking about Acting by : John L. Pollock

Download or read book Thinking about Acting written by John L. Pollock and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2006-07-27 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work aims to construct a theory of rational decision making for real, resource-bounded, agents. Such decision making must be based on objective probabilities rather than subjective probabilities, and can't be done by choosing single action with maxmimal expected values.

Probability and Conditionals

Author : Ellery Eells
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521453592
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (535 download)

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Book Synopsis Probability and Conditionals by : Ellery Eells

Download or read book Probability and Conditionals written by Ellery Eells and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1994-11-25 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essays on the state of research investigating the relationship between conditionals and conditional probabilities.

The Handbook of Rationality

Author : Markus Knauff
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262045079
Total Pages : 879 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis The Handbook of Rationality by : Markus Knauff

Download or read book The Handbook of Rationality written by Markus Knauff and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2021-12-14 with total page 879 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first reference on rationality that integrates accounts from psychology and philosophy, covering descriptive and normative theories from both disciplines. Both analytic philosophy and cognitive psychology have made dramatic advances in understanding rationality, but there has been little interaction between the disciplines. This volume offers the first integrated overview of the state of the art in the psychology and philosophy of rationality. Written by leading experts from both disciplines, The Handbook of Rationality covers the main normative and descriptive theories of rationality—how people ought to think, how they actually think, and why we often deviate from what we can call rational. It also offers insights from other fields such as artificial intelligence, economics, the social sciences, and cognitive neuroscience. The Handbook proposes a novel classification system for researchers in human rationality, and it creates new connections between rationality research in philosophy, psychology, and other disciplines. Following the basic distinction between theoretical and practical rationality, the book first considers the theoretical side, including normative and descriptive theories of logical, probabilistic, causal, and defeasible reasoning. It then turns to the practical side, discussing topics such as decision making, bounded rationality, game theory, deontic and legal reasoning, and the relation between rationality and morality. Finally, it covers topics that arise in both theoretical and practical rationality, including visual and spatial thinking, scientific rationality, how children learn to reason rationally, and the connection between intelligence and rationality.

Rationality and Belief

Author : Ralph Wedgwood
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198874510
Total Pages : 325 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (988 download)

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Book Synopsis Rationality and Belief by : Ralph Wedgwood

Download or read book Rationality and Belief written by Ralph Wedgwood and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023-05-11 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gives a general theory of rational belief. Although it can be read by itself, is a sequel to the author's previous book The Value of Rationality (Oxford, 2017). It takes the general conception of rationality that was defended in that earlier book, and combines it with an account of the varieties of belief, and of what it is for these beliefs to count as “correct”, to develop an account of what it is for beliefs to count as rational. According to this account, rationality comes in degrees: the degree to which one's beliefs counts as rational is determined by their distance from a corresponding probability function - where this distance is measured by those beliefs' “expected degree of incorrectness” according to the probability function; the account also involves an explanation of what determines exactly which probability function plays this role in each case, and of why this probability function should play this role. In developing and defending this account, new light is shed on several central epistemological issues. These issues include: the distinction between propositional and doxastic justification; the debates between internalism and externalism, and between foundationalism and coherentism; the significance - or lack of it - of the notion of 'evidence'; the relationship between credences, full belief, inference, and suspension of judgment; the nature of the kind of possibility that is presupposed by the relevant sort of probability; and whether rationality is “diachronic” - so that the beliefs that it is rational for us to have now depend, in part, on the beliefs that we held in the past. Finally, some suggestions are made about how this theory bears on a range of further topics, including the defeasibility of inference, scepticism, and the analysis of knowledge.