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In Situ Spectroscopic Investigation Of Immobilized Organometallic Catalysts
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Book Synopsis In -Situ Spectroscopic Investigation of Immobilized Organometallic Catalysts by :
Download or read book In -Situ Spectroscopic Investigation of Immobilized Organometallic Catalysts written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Immobilized organometallic catalysts, in principle, can give high rates and selectivities like homogeneous catalysts with the ease of separation enjoyed by heterogeneous catalysts. However, the science of immobilized organometallics has not been developed because the field lies at the interface between the homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis communities. By assembling an interdisciplinary research team that can probe all aspects of immobilized organometallic catalyst design, the entire reacting system can be considered, where the transition metal complex, the complex-support interface and the properties of the support can all be considered simultaneously from both experimental and theoretical points of view. Researchers at Georgia Tech and the University of Virginia are studying the fundamental principles that can be used to understand and design future classes of immobilized organometallic catalysts. In the framework of the overall collaborative project with Georgia Tech, our work focused on (a) the X-ray absorption spectroscopy of an immobilized Pd-SCS-O complex (b) the mode of metal leaching from supported Pd catalysts during Heck catalysis and (c) the mode of deactivation of Jacobsen's Co-salen catalysts during the hydrolytic kinetic resolution of terminal epoxides. Catalysts containing supported Pd pincer complexes, functionalized supports containing mercapto and amine groups, and oligomeric Co-salen catalysts were synthesized at Georgia Tech and sent to the University of Virginia. Incorporation of Pd onto several different kinds of supports (silica, mercapto-functionalized silica, zeolite Y) was performed at the University of Virginia.
Book Synopsis In {u2013}Situ Spectroscopic Investigation of Immobilized Organometallic Catalysts by :
Download or read book In {u2013}Situ Spectroscopic Investigation of Immobilized Organometallic Catalysts written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Immobilized organometallic catalysts, in principle, can give high rates and selectivities like homogeneous catalysts with the ease of separation enjoyed by heterogeneous catalysts. However, the science of immobilized organometallics has not been developed because the field lies at the interface between the homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis communities. By assembling an interdisciplinary research team that can probe all aspects of immobilized organometallic catalyst design, the entire reacting system can be considered, where the transition metal complex, the complex-support interface and the properties of the support can all be considered simultaneously from both experimental and theoretical points of view. Researchers at Georgia Tech and the University of Virginia are studying the fundamental principles that can be used to understand and design future classes of immobilized organometallic catalysts. In the framework of the overall collaborative project with Georgia Tech, our work focused on (a) the X-ray absorption spectroscopy of an immobilized Pd-SCS-O complex (b) the mode of metal leaching from supported Pd catalysts during Heck catalysis and (c) the mode of deactivation of Jacobsen’s Co-salen catalysts during the hydrolytic kinetic resolution of terminal epoxides. Catalysts containing supported Pd pincer complexes, functionalized supports containing mercapto and amine groups, and oligomeric Co-salen catalysts were synthesized at Georgia Tech and sent to the University of Virginia. Incorporation of Pd onto several different kinds of supports (silica, mercapto-functionalized silica, zeolite Y) was performed at the University of Virginia.
Book Synopsis Immobilized Catalysts by : Andreas Kirschning
Download or read book Immobilized Catalysts written by Andreas Kirschning and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-11-22 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: R. Haag, S. Roller: Polymeric Supports for the Immobilisation of Catalysts .- J. Horn, F. Michalek, C.C. Tzschucke, W. Bannwarth: Non-Covalently Solid-Phase Bound Catalysts for Organic Synthesis .- Y. Uozumi: Recent Progress in Polymeric Palladium Catalysts for Organic Synthesis .- D.E. Bergbreiter, J. Li: Applications of Catalysts on Soluble Supports .- B. Desai, C.O. Kappe: Microwave-Assisted Synthesis Involving Immobilized Catalysts .- A. Kirschning, G. Jas: Applications of Immobilized Catalysts in Continuous Flow Processes .- N. End, K.-U. Schöning: Immobilized Catalysts in Industrial Research and Application .- N. End, K.-U. Schöning: Immobilized Biocatalysts in Industrial Research and Production
Book Synopsis Spectroscopy in Catalysis by : J. W. Niemantsverdriet
Download or read book Spectroscopy in Catalysis written by J. W. Niemantsverdriet and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-09-24 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Superbly organized and of great pedagogic value, 'Spectroscopy in Catalysis' describes the most important modern analytical techniques used to investigate catalytic surfaces. These include electron, ion, and vibrational spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, temperature-programmed techniques, diffraction, and microscopy. With the focus on practical use, rather than theory, each chapter presents current applications to illustrate the type of information that the technique provides and evaluates its possibilities and limitations, allowing selection of the best catalyst and the correct technique to solve a given problem. This third edition includes significant new developments and case studies, with all the chapters updated by way of recent examples and relevant new literature. For students and for everyone who wants a digestible introduction to catalyst characterization. From reviews of the previous editions: 'This is a truly valuable book ... very useful for industrial practitioners who need to be aware of the type of information that can be obtained from modern surface spectroscopies .... The book has a superb pedagogic value...' Journal of Catalysis '... this is an excellent text on spectroscopies in catalysis and I highly recommend it for ... introductory courses on heterogeneous catalysis or as a general introductory monograph.' Journal of the American Chemical Society
Book Synopsis Spectroscopic and Catalytic Investigation of Organometallic Processes Incorporating CO and CO2 by : Debra Jean Mangold
Download or read book Spectroscopic and Catalytic Investigation of Organometallic Processes Incorporating CO and CO2 written by Debra Jean Mangold and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Surface Organometallic Chemistry: Molecular Approaches to Surface Catalysis by : Jean-Marie Basset
Download or read book Surface Organometallic Chemistry: Molecular Approaches to Surface Catalysis written by Jean-Marie Basset and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surface organometallic chemistry is a new field bringing together researchers from organometallic, inorganic, and surface chemistry and catalysis. Topics ranging from reaction mechanisms to catalyst preparation are considered from a molecular basis, according to which the "active site" on a catalyst surface has a supra-molecular character. This. the first book on the subject, is the outcome of a NATO Workshop held in Le Rouret. France, in May. 1986. It is our hope that the following chapters and the concluding summary of recommendations for research may help to provide a definition of surface organometallic chemistry. Besides catalysis. the central theme of the Workshop, four main topics are considered: 1) Reactions of organometallics with surfaces of metal oxides, metals. and zeolites; 2) Molecular models of surfaces, metal oxides, and metals; 3) Molecular approaches to the mechanisms of surface reactions; 4) Synthesis and modification of zeolites and related microporous solids. Most surface organometallic chemistry has been carried out on amorphous high-surf ace-area metal oxides such as silica. alumina. magnesia, and titania. The first chapter. contributed by KNOZINGER. gives a short summary of the structure and reactivity of metal oxide surfaces. Most of our understanding of these surfaces is based on acid base and redox chemistry; this chemistry has developed from X-ray and spectroscopic data, and much has been inferred from the structures and reactivities of adsorbed organic probe molecules. There are major opportunities for extending this understanding by use of well-defined (single crystal) oxide surfaces and organometallic probe molecules.
Book Synopsis In-situ Spectroscopy in Heterogeneous Catalysis by : James F. Haw
Download or read book In-situ Spectroscopy in Heterogeneous Catalysis written by James F. Haw and published by Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH. This book was released on 2002 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Not using in-situ methods to examine catalytic processes is like studying a life with access only to the prenatal and postmortem states." This quote from the world renowned specialist in the field of in situ methods, Gabor A. Somorjai, clearly emphasizes the importance of these techniques in understanding heterogeneous catalysis - a type of chemical reaction used nowadays for most chemically produced supplies and fuels. Yet the fundamental mechanisms are often still not completely understood. Many of the leading scientists in the field have contributed to this book which provides an overview of the most varied spectroscopic and related methods for studying catalytic structures and their functions during a chemical reaction. While primarily written for users of these methods, this is also a valuable aid to interpreting the phenomena observed. Indispensable for everyone working in the field.
Book Synopsis In-situ Spectroscopy of Catalysts by : Bert M. Weckhuysen
Download or read book In-situ Spectroscopy of Catalysts written by Bert M. Weckhuysen and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Weckhuysen (inorganic chemistry and catalysis, Utrecht University, The Netherlands) covers a range of analytical techniques for investigating the active site and the related reaction mechanism in a working catalyst, offering an overview of the possibilities and limitations of these analytical techniques and covering the latest developments in the field. Techniques are divided into sections on in situ vibrational spectroscopy, in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy, in situ magnetic resonance techniques, and other in situ characterization techniques. The book is for chemists and chemical engineers. Annotation :2005 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com).
Book Synopsis In Situ Mössbauer Spectroscopic Studies of Iron-exchanged Y-zeolite Catalysts for the Selective Catalytic Reduction (with Ammonia) and Direct Decomposition of Nitric Oxide by : Ralf Schmidt
Download or read book In Situ Mössbauer Spectroscopic Studies of Iron-exchanged Y-zeolite Catalysts for the Selective Catalytic Reduction (with Ammonia) and Direct Decomposition of Nitric Oxide written by Ralf Schmidt and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Spectroscopic Properties of Inorganic and Organometallic Compounds by : G Davidson
Download or read book Spectroscopic Properties of Inorganic and Organometallic Compounds written by G Davidson and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2007-10-31 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spectroscopic Properties of Inorganic and Organometallic Compounds provides a unique source of information on an important area of chemistry. Divided into sections mainly according to the particular spectroscopic technique used, coverage in each volume includes: NMR (with reference to stereochemistry, dynamic systems, paramagnetic complexes, solid state NMR and Groups 13-18); nuclear quadrupole resonance spectroscopy; vibrational spectroscopy of main group and transition element compounds and coordinated ligands; and electron diffraction. Reflecting the growing volume of published work in this field, researchers will find this Specialist Periodical Report an invaluable source of information on current methods and applications. Specialist Periodical Reports provide systematic and detailed review coverage in major areas of chemical research. Compiled by teams of leading experts in their specialist fields, this series is designed to help the chemistry community keep current with the latest developments in their field. Each volume in the series is published either annually or biennially and is a superb reference point for researchers. www.rsc.org/spr
Book Synopsis In Situ Vibrational Spectroscopic Investigation of C4 Hydrocarbon Selective Oxidation Over Vanadium-phosphorus-oxide Catalysts by : Zhi-Yang Xue
Download or read book In Situ Vibrational Spectroscopic Investigation of C4 Hydrocarbon Selective Oxidation Over Vanadium-phosphorus-oxide Catalysts written by Zhi-Yang Xue and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The open chain dicarbonyl species then experienced cycloaddition to form maleic anhydride. VPO catalyst phase transformations were investigated using in situ laser Raman spectroscopy. During reduction-oxidation step changes, (VO)2P20-- was readily converted to [Alpha subscript Pi]-, [Delta]-VOP04 and ultimately to [Beta]-VOP04 in O2/N2; these V5 phases were eliminated in n- butane/N2. A "wet" nitrogen feed (5-10% H20 in N2) transformed (VO)2P20-- and [Alpha subscript Iota]-, [Alpha subscript Pi]-, [Beta]-, [Delta]-, [Gamma]-VOP04 to V2O5 at temperatures above 400°C. The presence of water vapor facilitated the loss of oxygen atoms involved in V-O-P bonding; separated vanadium oxide and phosphorus oxide species were formed. The isolated vanadium oxides than transformed to V2O5, and phosphorus species likely diffused from the catalyst lattice in the form of acid phosphates.
Book Synopsis Catalyst Characterization Science by : Marvin L. Deviney
Download or read book Catalyst Characterization Science written by Marvin L. Deviney and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Highlights the rapid evolution of the surface science of catalysts. Focuses on multi-technique strategies for studying catalytic reactions and catalytic materials. Discusses new developments in electron microscopy, laser-induced desorption, magnetic methods, and new vibrational characterization techniques.
Book Synopsis Studies of Immobilized Homogeneous Metal Catalysts on Silica Supports by : Keith James Stanger
Download or read book Studies of Immobilized Homogeneous Metal Catalysts on Silica Supports written by Keith James Stanger and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rhodium complexes of the chiral, chelating diphosphine (2S,4S)-4-(diphenylphosphino)-2-(diphenylphosphinomethyl)pyrrolidine tethered on silica were characterized by 31P NMR and IR. The tethered complex catalyzes the enantioselective hydrogenation of methyl-[alpha]-acetamidocinnamate (MAC). Spectral and catalytic investigations indicate that the tethered complex reacts by the same mechanism as the untethered complex in solution. The rhodium complexes, [Rh(COD)H]4, [Rh(COD)2]BF4−, [Rh(COD)Cl]2, and RhCl3·3H2O, adsorbed on SiO2 are optimally activated for toluene hydrogenation by pretreatment with H2 at 200°C. The same complexes on Pd-SiO2 are equally active without pretreatments. The active species in all cases is rhodium metal. The catalysts were characterized by XPS, TEM, DRIFTS, and mercury poisoning experiments. Rhodium on silica catalyzes the hydrogenation of fluorobenzene to produce predominately fluorocyclohexane in heptane and 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE) solvents. In heptane/methanol and heptane/water solvents, hydrodefluorination to benzene and subsequent hydrogenation to cyclohexane occurs exclusively. Benzene inhibits the hydrodefluorination of fluorobenzene. In DCE or heptane solvents, fluorocyclohexane reacts with hydrogen fluoride to form cyclohexene. Reaction conditions can be chosen to selectively yield fluorocyclohexane, cyclohexene, benzene, or cyclohexane. The oxorhenium(V) dithiolate catalyst [-S(CH2)3S-]Re(O)(Me)(PPh3) was modified by linking it to a tether that could be attached to a silica support. Spectroscopic investigation and catalytic oxidation reactivity showed the heterogenized catalyst's structure and reactivity to be similar to its homogeneous analog. However, the immobilized catalyst offered additional advantages of recycleability, extended stability, and increased resistance to deactivation.
Book Synopsis Studies of Immobilized Homogeneous Metal Catalysts on Silica Supports by :
Download or read book Studies of Immobilized Homogeneous Metal Catalysts on Silica Supports written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The tethered, chiral, chelating diphosphine rhodium complex, which catalyzes the enantioselective hydrogenation of methyl-[alpha]-acetamidocinnamate (MAC), has the illustrated structure as established by 31P NMR and IR studies. Spectral and catalytic investigations also suggest that the mechanism of action of the tethered complex is the same as that of the untethered complex in solution. The rhodium complexes, [Rh(COD)H]4, [Rh(COD)2]BF4−, [Rh(COD)Cl]2, and RhCl3 · 3H2O, adsorbed on SiO2 are optimally activated for toluene hydrogenation by pretreatment with H2 at 200 C. The same complexes on Pd-SiO2 are equally active without pretreatments. The active species in all cases is rhodium metal. The catalysts were characterized by XPS, TEM, DRIFTS, and mercury poisoning experiments. Rhodium on silica catalyzes the hydrogenation of fluorobenzene to produce predominantly fluorocyclohexane in heptane and 1,2-dichloroethane solvents. In heptane/methanol and heptane/water solvents, hydrodefluorination to benzene and subsequent hydrogenation to cyclohexane occurs exclusively. Benzene inhibits the hydrodefluorination of fluorobenzene. In DCE or heptane solvents, fluorocyclohexane reacts with hydrogen fluoride to form cyclohexene. Reaction conditions can be chosen to selectively yield fluorocyclohexane, cyclohexene, benzene, or cyclohexane. The oxorhenium(V) dithiolate catalyst [-S(CH2)3s-]Re(O)(Me)(PPh3) was modified by linking it to a tether that could be attached to a silica support. Spectroscopic investigation and catalytic oxidation reactivity showed the heterogenized catalyst's structure and reactivity to be similar to its homogeneous analog. However, the immobilized catalyst offered additional advantages of recyclability, extended stability, and increased resistance to deactivation.
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 1572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Organometallic Reactions by : Ernest I. Becker
Download or read book Organometallic Reactions written by Ernest I. Becker and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1971 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis In Situ Spectroscopy of Metal Oxides Reveal Electrocatalyst Structure-property Relationships by : Chuhyon John Eom
Download or read book In Situ Spectroscopy of Metal Oxides Reveal Electrocatalyst Structure-property Relationships written by Chuhyon John Eom and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The structure-property relationship is a foundational concept of materials science and engineering. Tuning the catalytic properties of materials by varying their structural properties like stoichiometry and crystal facets have been integral to advances in electrocatalysis. Traditionally, these studies rely on ex situ, bulk structural characterizations to describe catalytic properties. Catalysis, however, occurs on a dynamic catalytic surface sensitive to its local environment. This dissertation uses in situ spectroscopy of metal oxide electrocatalysts to better capture the intricacies of such catalyst structure-property relationships. La2/3S1/3rMnO3 films are grown using molecular beam epitaxy for a controlled study on the effects of surface and sub-surface structure of metal oxides on the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysis. Ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of the films show that the surface and sub-surface structures control the balance between electronic benefits vs. parasitic surface reactions for the ORR. The low atomic number group of an amorphous cobalt oxide catalyst in a phosphate network (CoPi) is studied using home-built stimulated Raman spectroscopy (SRS). In situ SRS reveals previously unreported phosphate motifs in CoPi under oxygen evolution reaction conditions. Isotopic studies show that the phosphate structure is intimately linked to the aqueous environment with implications for the catalyst microstructure and deposition. Extensions of the dissertation on the in situ spectroscopy of a quinone electrochemical systems is discussed in the end.
