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In Situ Iron Oxide Emplacement For Groundwater Arsenic Remediation
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Book Synopsis In Situ Iron Oxide Emplacement for Groundwater Arsenic Remediation by : Thomas Sunday Abia
Download or read book In Situ Iron Oxide Emplacement for Groundwater Arsenic Remediation written by Thomas Sunday Abia and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Iron oxide-bearing minerals have long been recognized as an effective reactive media for arsenic-contaminated groundwater remediation. This research aimed to develop a technique that could facilitate in situ oxidative precipitation of Fe3+ in a soil (sand) media for generating a subsurface iron oxide-based reactive barrier that could immobilize arsenic (As) and other dissolved metals in groundwater. A simple in situ arsenic treatment process was successfully developed for treating contaminated rural groundwater using iron oxide-coated sand (IOCS). Using imbibition flow, the system facilitated the dispersive transport of ferrous iron (Fe2+) and oxidant solutions in porous sand to generate an overlaying blanket where the Fe2+ was oxidized and precipitated onto the surface as ferric oxide. The iron oxide (FeOx) emplacement process was significantly affected by (1) the initial surface area and surface-bound iron content of the sand, (2) the pH and solubility of the coating reagents, (3) the stability of the oxidant solution, and (4) the chemical injection schedule. In contrast to conventional excavate-and-fill treatment technologies, this technique could be used to in situ replace a fresh iron oxide blanket on the sand and rejuvenate its treatment capacity for additional arsenic removal. Several bench-scale experiments revealed that the resultant IOCS could treat arsenic-laden groundwater for extended periods of time before approaching its effective life cycle. The adsorption capacity for As(III) and As(V) was influenced by (1) the amount of iron oxide accumulated on the sand surface, (2) the system pH, and (3) competition for adsorption sites from other groundwater constituents such as silicon (Si) and total dissolved solids (TDS). Although the IOCS could be replenished several times before exhaustion, the life cycle of the FeOx reactive barrier may be limited by the gradual loss of hydraulic conductivity induced by the imminent reduction of pore space over time.
Book Synopsis In Situ Groundwater Arsenic Removal Using Iron Oxide-coated Sand by : Hongxu Yu
Download or read book In Situ Groundwater Arsenic Removal Using Iron Oxide-coated Sand written by Hongxu Yu and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In many regions of the world, groundwater is contaminated with a high level of arsenic that must be treated before it can be safely used as drinking water. In situ immobilization of arsenic from groundwater within subsurface environment could have major advantages over the conventional above-ground chemical coagulation-precipitation treatment process. In this study, we develop a novel technique that can in situ emplace iron oxides onto the sand grain surface of porous media under mild chemical and temperature conditions. The technique involves sequential injections of a preconditioned ferrous iron solution and an oxidant solution and then orchestrate the advective-diffusive transport of the two reagents in porous media to create an overlapped reaction zone where ferrous iron is oxidized and precipitated on the sand grain surfaces. We demonstrate through bench-scale column tests the feasibility of using this technique to create a large-scale iron oxide-enriched reactive barrier in subsurface environment for in situ removal of arsenic. A sand filter with a fresh iron oxide coating can treat thousands of pore volumes of water contaminated with dozens of ppb arsenic before the coating needs to be regenerated. Arsenic breakthrough curves through the sand filter suggest that both reversible adsorption and irreversible precipitation are responsible for removing arsenic from the water. Unlike conventional excavate-and-fill permeable reactive barriers, the treatment capacity of our in situ created barrier can be in situ regenerated and replenished with a fresh coating.
Book Synopsis In-Situ Remediation of Arsenic-Contaminated Sites by : Jochen Bundschuh
Download or read book In-Situ Remediation of Arsenic-Contaminated Sites written by Jochen Bundschuh and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-30 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing an introduction, the scientific background, case studies and future perspectives of in-situ arsenic remediation technologies for soils, soil water and groundwater at geogenic and anthropogenic contaminated sites. The case studies present in-situ technologies about natural arsenic, specifically arsenate and arsenite, but also about organic arsenic compounds. This work covers geochemical, microbiological and plant ecological solutions for arsenic remediation. It will serve as a standard textbook for (post-)graduate students and researchers in the field of Environmental Sciences and Hydrogeochemistry as well as researchers, engineers, environmental scientists and chemists, toxicologists, medical scientists and even for general public seeking an in-depth view of arsenic which had been classed as a carcinogen. This book aims to stimulate awareness among administrators, policy makers and company executives of in-situ remediation technologies at sites contamined by arsenic and to improve the international cooperation on the subject.
Book Synopsis In Situ Chemical Oxidation for Groundwater Remediation by : Robert L. Siegrist
Download or read book In Situ Chemical Oxidation for Groundwater Remediation written by Robert L. Siegrist and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-02-25 with total page 715 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides comprehensive up-to-date descriptions of the principles and practices of in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) for groundwater remediation based on a decade of intensive research, development, and demonstrations, and lessons learned from commercial field applications.
Book Synopsis Arsenic Removal from Contaminated Groundwater by : Sirshendu De
Download or read book Arsenic Removal from Contaminated Groundwater written by Sirshendu De and published by The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI). This book was released on 2012-01-01 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contamination of groundwater with arsenic is being considered a pervasive and critical issue in recent years. Large areas in India, Bangladesh, South East Asia, and other parts of the world are suffering from this problem. Arsenic Removal from Contaminated Groundwater presents a comprehensive discussion on various important issues, including state-of-the-art arsenic removal technologies, preparation and performance analysis of laterite, and scale-up issues and design of a household filter. It also expounds the potentiality of raw laterite and treated laterite as low-cost arsenic adsorbents. The efficiency of adsorbent capacity is evaluated using real arsenic contaminated groundwater collected from an affected area in West Bengal, India. The topic is an emerging area and most of the work presented has the potential of field application.
Book Synopsis Proven Alternatives for Aboveground Treatment of Arsenic in Groundwater by :
Download or read book Proven Alternatives for Aboveground Treatment of Arsenic in Groundwater written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Innovative Technologies for Remediation of Arsenic in Soil and Groundwater by : James Curtis Redwine
Download or read book Innovative Technologies for Remediation of Arsenic in Soil and Groundwater written by James Curtis Redwine and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Recent Developments for in Situ Treatment of Metal Contaminated Soils by :
Download or read book Recent Developments for in Situ Treatment of Metal Contaminated Soils written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1997 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Arsenic Treatment Technologies for Soil, Waste, and Water by :
Download or read book Arsenic Treatment Technologies for Soil, Waste, and Water written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2002 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effect of pH on in-situ production of iron oxide coated media for arsenic removal by : Y.O. Olaniyan
Download or read book Effect of pH on in-situ production of iron oxide coated media for arsenic removal written by Y.O. Olaniyan and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Point-of-use Water Treatment for Arsenic Removal Through Iron Oxide Coated Sand by : Barika Renee Poole
Download or read book Point-of-use Water Treatment for Arsenic Removal Through Iron Oxide Coated Sand written by Barika Renee Poole and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Adsorptive Iron Removal from Groundwater by : Sharoz Kumar Sharma
Download or read book Adsorptive Iron Removal from Groundwater written by Sharoz Kumar Sharma and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-05-31 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A pilot study conducted at the Gilze water treatment plant of Water Supply North West Brabant demonstrated that adsorptive filtration has several potential advantages over floc filtration, namely: longer filter runs due to slower head loss development; better filtrate quality; shorter ripening time; and less backwash water use. In existing groundwater treatment plants, the high iron (II) adsorption capacity of the iron oxide coated filter media makes it potentially possible to switch the governing mode of operation from floc filtration to adsorptive filtration. To achieve this two options can be considered: iron (II) adsorption under anoxic conditions followed by oxidation with oxygen-rich water; and adsorption of iron (II) in the presence of oxygen and simultaneous oxidation. The first option might be attractive specifically when two filtration steps are available.
Book Synopsis Application of Mixed Iron Oxides in Subsurface Remediation Technologies by : Saidur Rahman Chowdhury
Download or read book Application of Mixed Iron Oxides in Subsurface Remediation Technologies written by Saidur Rahman Chowdhury and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heavy metal contamination of soil and groundwater has been a concern in water supply and public health in many countries where the water supply system draws primarily from groundwater. In the present study, mixed maghemite-magnetite nanoparticles have been used as adsorbents for Cr(VI), As and Cd(II) removal. From the study, it is apparent that the removal of Cr(VI), Cd(II) and As(V) by mixed iron oxide nanoparticles depends on pH, temperature, contact time, solid/liquid ratio and initial concentration of heavy metals. The results showed that Cr(VI) adsorption on mixed maghemite-magnetite was dependent on solution pH between 3 and 6. Theoretical multiplet analyses in X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) study showed that during Cr adsorption, the amount of maghemite increased from 70 to 89%. Fe(II) was transformed into Fe(III) by the redox reaction and Cr(VI) species were reduced to Cr(III) species. In arsenic removal study, it was found that the percent of maghemite also increased for As(V) and As(III) adsorption. At the same time, the percentage of magnetite was reduced for both cases. Thus, a redox reaction occurred on the mixed magnetite-magheamite surface when arsenic was introduced. In cadmium removal study, adsorption capacity of mixed magh emite- magnetite for Cd(II) ions increased with an increase in the pH of the adsorbate solution. The results showed that 0.8 g/L of 20-60 nm maghemite-magnetite particles removed up to 1.5 mg/L Cd. The XPS surveys confirmed that As, Cr(VI) and Cd(II) ions may undergo oxidation-reduction reactions upon exposure to mixed maghemite-magnetite, or may be fixed by complexation to the oxygen atoms in the oxyhydroxy groups. The investigation of transport and chemical states analysis during a rsenic removal by monolith slag from nickel smelting revealed that slag was efficient in arsenic removal, attaining equilibrium sorption capacities in the range of 1000-1054 g/g for an initial arsenic concentration of C 0 = 10 mg/L. Column studies showed the sorption of arsenic by smelter slag (a waste material) was complex and involved both c hemisorption and physical sorption. Sorption capacities for As(V) were significantly higher for Ni smelter slag. Raman spectroscopy and XPS results demonstrate that the As reacted with a large proportion of the slag in the experiment. Thus, further investigation woul d be necessary to evaluate the applicability of mixed iron oxide loaded particles for subsurface remediation at field scale.
Book Synopsis Investigations on Subterranean Arsenic Removal Techniques by : Prasanta K. Banerjee
Download or read book Investigations on Subterranean Arsenic Removal Techniques written by Prasanta K. Banerjee and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012-04 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arsenic Removal from Groundwater by In-situ Treatment simulated experimental studies were carried out to understand the process and factors that affect the efficiency of arsenic removal from groundwater. Arsenic removal technologies by ex-situ method are very well researched and technically implemented. Compared to this, in-situ water treatment is a very new and innovative technology. The process of in-situ treatment of groundwater virtually transfers the processes of the conventional above ground water treatment plants into the aquifer. The underground aquifer is used as a natural biochemical reactor and acts as a filter itself. In this method, subterranean groundwater is treated by using atmospheric oxygen as the oxidizing agent. In-situ process is cost efficient, free from sludge handling problem, free from uses of any chemical compounds, easy to operate and handle. It is eco friendly and can remediate organic contaminants, iron, manganese and many other impurities in addition to arsenic.
Book Synopsis A Laboratory-Scale Investigation of In Situ Treatment of Arsenic-Contaminated Groundwater by Air Sparging by : Joseph Henry Brunsting
Download or read book A Laboratory-Scale Investigation of In Situ Treatment of Arsenic-Contaminated Groundwater by Air Sparging written by Joseph Henry Brunsting and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Electrochemical Remediation of Arsenic-Contaminated Groundwater -- Results of Prototype Field Tests in Bangladesh by :
Download or read book Electrochemical Remediation of Arsenic-Contaminated Groundwater -- Results of Prototype Field Tests in Bangladesh written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), more than 50 million people in Bangladesh drink arsenic-laden water, making it the largest case of mass poisoning in human history. Many methods of arsenic removal (mostly using chemical adsorbents) have been studied, but most of these are too expensive and impractical to be implemented in poor countries such as Bangladesh. This project investigates ElectroChemical Arsenic Remediation (ECAR) as an affordable means of removing arsenic. Experiments were performed on site in Bangladesh using a prototype termed "sushi". This device consists of carbon steel sheets that serve as electrodes wrapped into a cylinder, separated by plastic mesh and surrounded by a tube-like container that serves as a holding cell in which the water is treated electrochemically. During the electrochemical process, current is applied to both electrodes causing iron to oxidize to various forms of iron (hydr)oxides. These species bind to arsenic(V) with very high affi nity. ECAR also has the advantage that As(III), the more toxic form of arsenic, oxidizes to As(V) in situ. Only As(V) is known to complex with iron (hydr)oxides. One of the main objectives of this research is to demonstrate the ability of the new prototype to reduce arsenic concentrations in Bangladesh groundwater from>200 ppb to below the WHO limit of 10 ppb. In addition, varying fl ow rate and dosage and the effect on arsenic removal was investigated. Experiments showed that ECAR reduced Bangladeshi water with an initial arsenic concentration as high as 250 ppb to below 10 ppb. ECAR proved to be effective at dosages as high as 810 Coulombs/Liter (C/L) and as low as 386 C/L (current 1 A, voltage 12 V). These results are encouraging and provide great promise that ECAR is an effi cient method in the remediation of arsenic from contaminated groundwater. A preliminary investigation of arsenic removal trends with varying Coulombic dosage, complexation time and fi ltration methods is also presented.
Book Synopsis Groundwater Arsenic Remediation by : Parimal Pal
Download or read book Groundwater Arsenic Remediation written by Parimal Pal and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2015-05-15 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arsenic abatement from groundwater in locations with a central water distribution system is relatively simple. The real challenge is selecting the most effective and affordable treatment and scale up option for locations which lack the appropriate infrastructure. Groundwater Arsenic Remediation: Treatment Technology and Scale UP provides the latest breakthrough groundwater treatment technologies and modeling and simulation methods for project scale up and eventually field deployment in locations which lack the proper central water distribution system to ensure arsenic free groundwater. - Covers the different removal methods, such as chemical, adsorption, separation by membranes, and membrane distillation - Includes the state-of-the-art modeling & simulation methods for optimization and field deployment - Provides economic and comparative analysis of each arsenic treatment technology
