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In Situ Expression Of Tumor Immunity
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Book Synopsis In Situ Expression of Tumor Immunity by : Isaac Witz
Download or read book In Situ Expression of Tumor Immunity written by Isaac Witz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because of several valid (and some invalid) reasons, the research field of tumor immunology has been declining in popularity. The Simplistic dogmas, articles of faith, and theories of the late 1960s and early 1970s on the immuno logical mechanisms of the host-tumor interrelationships have frequently been refuted by some of the new developments in cancer biology, cancer biochem istry, and immunology. Furthermore, some of the conventional assays used to monitor "tumor-host immune relations" did not always reflect the host's true clinical situation or his prognosis. Several approaches to immunological interven tion were less successful than expected. In addition, the concept of "immune surveillance," which was basic to many researchers in the field of cancer im munology, seemed to fall apart. Much of the criticism was based on results from solid, well-performed, and well-controlled experiments, but there was also un just criticism based on ill-conceived and badly performed studies, and on misin terpretations of experimental data. There are many misconceptions about the tumor-host relationship. It is very often assumed that tumor immunity, as expressed systemically, is truly reflected at the tumor site. Several studies reported in this volume and elsewhere indicate that such is not always the case. Certain immune effectors may be selectively prevented from reaching the tumor site or the close vicinity of the tumor cells because of mechanical or chemical barriers, whereas others may be selectively attracted to the site by chemotaxis or other mechanisms.
Book Synopsis In Situ Expression of Tumor Immunity by : Isaac Witz
Download or read book In Situ Expression of Tumor Immunity written by Isaac Witz and published by . This book was released on 2014-01-15 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy - Integrated Methods Part A by :
Download or read book Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy - Integrated Methods Part A written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-02-28 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Integrated Methods - Part A, Volume 635 in the Methods in Enzymology series, continues the legacy of this premier serial with quality chapters authored by leaders in the field. Specific chapters to this release include Deconvolution of the immunological contexture of mouse tumors with multiplexed immunohistochemistry, High-dimensional multiplexed immunohistochemical characterization of immune contexture in human cancers, Multiplex assay by IHC for melanoma tumor microenvironment evaluation, Characterization of the tumor immune microenvironment by multispectral image analysis of multiplex immunofluorescence images, Phenotyping of immune cells in situ using multispectral imaging quantification, and much more. Authored by leaders in the field of enzymology Provides a comprehensiveness level of discussion on the field Presents a highly specialized group of topics that delve deep into new updates and future prospects
Book Synopsis Cancer Immunotherapy at the Crossroads by : James H. Finke
Download or read book Cancer Immunotherapy at the Crossroads written by James H. Finke and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-11-24 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leading investigators and clinicians detail the different mechanisms used by tumors to escape and impair the immune system and then spell out possible clinical strategies to prevent or reverse tumor-induced immune dysfunction. The authors review the mechanisms of immune dysfunction and evasion mechanisms in histologically diverse human tumors, focusing on tumor-induced molecular defects in T cells and antigen-presenting cells (dendritic cells and tumors), that may serve as biomarkers for patient prognosis. They discuss the means by which these immune functions may be protected or restored in order to more effectively support the process of tumor rejection in situ. Cutting-edge techniques are outlined with the capacity to monitor the strength and quality of patients' immune responses using immunocytometry, MHC-peptide tetramers combined with apoptosis assay, ELISPOT assay, and detection of MHC-TAA peptide complexes on tumor cells.
Book Synopsis Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy - Integrated Methods Part B by :
Download or read book Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy - Integrated Methods Part B written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-04-01 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy - Integrated Methods Part B, Volume 636 in the Methods in Enzymology series, continues the legacy of this premier serial with quality chapters authored by leaders in the field. Chapters in this update include Quantification methods of Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGF??) activity in the setting of cancer immunotherapy, Decoding cancer cell death-driven immune cell recruitment: An in vivo method for site-of-vaccination analyses, Tracking and interrogating tissue-resident and recruited microglia in brain tumors, Metabolomics and lipidomics of the tumor microenvironment, Monitoring abscopal responses to radiation in mice, and much more. Provides an array of authors who are authorities in the field Presents comprehensiveness coverage of the topics Includes a broad level of detail and in-depth coverage
Book Synopsis Activating an in Situ Vaccine Response and Propagating Anti-tumor Immunity Using Radiotherapies by : Justin Charles Jagodinsky
Download or read book Activating an in Situ Vaccine Response and Propagating Anti-tumor Immunity Using Radiotherapies written by Justin Charles Jagodinsky and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radiation is a mainstay of cancer therapy with over half of all patients receiving radiation therapy at some point throughout their clinical course. Though once thought of as primarily a cytotoxic therapy, growing eloquent preclinical work has outlined the complex interplay between radiation therapy and activation of key immune signaling pathways and effector cell populations. Several groups have taken advantage of immunostimulatory effects of radiation to generate an in situ vaccination, converting a patient's own tumor into a nidus for enhanced antigen presentation to drive a systemic immune response against distant sites of disease. However, responses generated against distant sites (i.e. abscopal response) following radiation remain rare. The advent of immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint blockade, has enabled propagation of the local immune response generated by radiation with remarkable success in preclinical models. Despite robust preclinical success, clinical translation remains limited. This may be due in part to the observation that the multitude of immune signaling pathways influenced by radiation each have a unique dose range for optimal activation, with no one single dose being able to optimally modulate all pathways. One goal of this thesis work was to investigate whether radiation dose heterogeneity, both temporal as administered via slow decay of a targeted radionuclide (targeted radionuclide therapy, TRT), and spatial as delivered via high dose rate brachytherapy (BT), offered meaningful advantages over homogenous dose radiation delivered via external beam radiation (EBRT). Delivery of TRT via 90Y decay resulted in a similar magnitude of immune activation compared to EBRT but with a protracted time course. This finding paired with the potential for TRT to modulate all sites of disease given its systemic nature likely underscore the capacity for TRT to generate more robust anti-tumor immunity compared to EBRT in a model of systemic disease. Spatial dose heterogeneity delivered via BT resulted in spatial heterogeneity in gene expression and T cell infiltration within the tumor microenvironment. Compared to low, moderate, and high dose EBRT, BT enabled peak activation of several immune pathways whereas each EBRT dose only enabled one. This was further borne out upon single cell RNA sequencing analysis. Each EBRT dose enriched unique immune cell clusters within the tumor microenvironment, whereas each of these clusters was represented in BT treated tumors. Subsequently, BT generated more robust anti-tumor immunity compared to EBRT in both localized and systemic disease models. In complementary work investigating additional methods to enhance in situ vaccination, we demonstrated the capacity of the infectious disease vaccine adjuvant monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) to augment the anti-tumor effect of combination EBRT and checkpoint blockade. We observed that local delivery of MPL generated production of endogenous anti-tumor antibodies which were required for treatment efficacy. Through genetic knockout models we identified that the anti-tumor effect was dependent on induction of Th1 CD4 T cells and resulted from direct macrophage-mediated tumor cell killing via FcÎđR recognition but interestingly, was independent of CD8 T cells. These results suggest that this combination therapy may be particularly useful in settings of low MHC-1 expression which is associated with resistance to checkpoint blockade. BT as a treatment modality lends itself well to combination with intratumoral agents, given that catheters are placed within the tumor to deliver the radiation. To that end, we designed, created, and validated a multipurpose BT catheter to enable combination BT and intratumoral injection. As we gain further insight into immunosuppressive mechanisms occurring within the tumor microenvironment, it is becoming increasingly clear that combination approaches to treatment will be required to circumvent diverse resistance mechanisms.
Book Synopsis Defining the Spatial Organization of Immune Responses to Cancer and Viruses in situ by : Sizun Jiang
Download or read book Defining the Spatial Organization of Immune Responses to Cancer and Viruses in situ written by Sizun Jiang and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-02-24 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Tumor Immunology by : Giorgio Parmiani
Download or read book Tumor Immunology written by Giorgio Parmiani and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-04-25 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent advances in immunology and molecular biology have resulted in new therapeutic approaches being generated and implemented in cancer clinics. The discovery of new antigens, mechanisms of antigen presentation, and interplay of cells involved in anti-tumor immunity have made the clinical control of some cancers more plausible than previously tho
Book Synopsis Priming Systemic Anti-tumor Immunity Via in Situ Immunomodulation of the Tumor Microenvironment by : Lauren Elizabeth Milling
Download or read book Priming Systemic Anti-tumor Immunity Via in Situ Immunomodulation of the Tumor Microenvironment written by Lauren Elizabeth Milling and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Taking a more personalized vaccine approach, we secondly demonstrate that in vitro treatment of tumor cells with DNA-damaging chemotherapy can promote tumor antigen-specific T cell activation by dendritic cells. Intratumoral injection of these chemotherapy-damaged cells synergizes with immune checkpoint blockade to promote tumor regression. Together, these studies underscore the versatility of intratumoral immunomodulation and highlight the wholistic activation of both innate and adaptive immune cells, hopefully contributing to more patients benefiting from cancer immunotherapy.
Book Synopsis Tertiary Lymphoid Structures by : Marie-Caroline Dieu-Nosjean
Download or read book Tertiary Lymphoid Structures written by Marie-Caroline Dieu-Nosjean and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2018-09-05 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume explores the various methods used to study tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) in pathological situations. Pre-clinical models are also discussed in detail to show how TLS structure, development, and maintenance can be targeted and studied in vivo. The chapters in this book cover topics such as humans and mice; strategies to quantify TLS in order to use it in stained tissue sections; classifying a gene signature form fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues; and development of murine inflammatory models to help look at TLS in the context of infection or malignancy. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and thorough, Tertiary Lymphoid Structures: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource that increases the reader’s knowledge on immune functions and how they will pave the way to future therapeutic applications.
Book Synopsis Advances in Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy by : Joseph D. Rosenblatt
Download or read book Advances in Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy written by Joseph D. Rosenblatt and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-25 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent advances in understanding of fundamental immunology have created new insights into the dynamic interactions between tumors and the immune system. This includes new understanding of T- and B-cell interaction, immune inhibitory mechanisms including the biology of T regulatory cells, myeloid suppressor cells, and dendritic cell subsets. Enhanced understanding of mechanisms underlying T-cell anergy such as arginine deprivation, immunosuppressive cytokines, defective innate and interferon response pathways, and NKG2D downregulation have all provided new insight into suppression of anti-tumor immunity and tumor evasion. In addition to emerging understanding of tumor evasion, new immune targets such as CTLA4 blockade, NK stimulatory receptors, manipulation of the antigen processing and presentation, cytokine and costimulatory responses all provide new possibilities for enhancing anti-tumor immunity even in tumors previously felt to be resistant to immune attack. Several of these strategies have already been realized in the clinic. The volume will explore evolving paradigms in antigen presentation, dendritic cell biology, the innate response and immunosuppressive mechanisms, and emerging strategies for manipulation of the immune system for therapeutic benefit that have realized success in neuroblastoma, leukemia, melanoma, lung cancer, and allogeneic transplantation. Early successes as well as failures will be highlighted to provide a snapshot of the state of clinical immunotherapy with an eye to future possibilities such as combination therapies, adoptive T-cell transfer, and the retargeting of immune cells via T-cell receptor engineering.
Download or read book Immunity to Cancer written by Arnold Reif and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 679 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Immunity to Cancer documents the proceedings of a conference on ""Immunity to Cancer"" held at Williamsburg, Virginia, September 10-12, 1984. This was the first open conference since the New York Academy of Sciences meeting in 1975 that attempted to address the entire range of topics encompassed by tumor immunology and immunotherapy. The papers presented in this volume were invited from experts in diverse areas of tumor immunology and closely related subjects. There was an attempt to proceed logically from a consideration of the antigenicity of tumors and the use of monoclonal antibodies to examine specific antigens, to a review of regulatory and effector mechanisms. Immunological approaches to therapy were then considered systematically, both for classical modes of immunotherapy and for the newly expanded categories of biological response modifiers or biomodulators. Also included were papers on vaccination against cancer and on the analogy between the strategies for chemotherapy and immunotherapy.
Book Synopsis Combinatorial Approaches to Enhance Anti-Tumor Immunity: Focus on Immune Checkpoint Blockade Therapy by : Patrik Andersson
Download or read book Combinatorial Approaches to Enhance Anti-Tumor Immunity: Focus on Immune Checkpoint Blockade Therapy written by Patrik Andersson and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-12-27 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The immune system harbors great potential for controlling and eliminating tumors. Recent developments in the field of immuno-oncology has led to unprecedented clinical benefits for a broad spectrum of solid tumors. However, immunotherapy (IT) approaches currently have several limitations including (i) low response rate; (ii) development of resistance and (iii) causing severe immune-related adverse effects (IrAEs), which underline the importance of adequate patient selection. Importantly, IT holds promising synergistic potential when combined with standard-of-care chemotherapy, radiotherapy (RT) and anti-angiogenic therapy (AAT) as part of multi-modal oncologic treatment regimes. Published data suggest that there are potential synergy between RT and AAT, which ultimately could help potentiate the response to IT. However, the complex interactions between RT and IT and/or AAT remain poorly understood. Many research questions including optimal timing, scheduling and dosing, as well as patient selection and side effects of combined therapy approaches, remain to be addressed. This Research Topic aims to give a comprehensive overview of the current field with particular emphasis on the future outlook of RT and AAT as complementary approaches to improve IT in solid tumors.
Book Synopsis Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine by : Robert C. Bast, Jr.
Download or read book Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine written by Robert C. Bast, Jr. and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-03-10 with total page 2004 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine, Ninth Edition, offers a balanced view of the most current knowledge of cancer science and clinical oncology practice. This all-new edition is the consummate reference source for medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, internists, surgical oncologists, and others who treat cancer patients. A translational perspective throughout, integrating cancer biology with cancer management providing an in depth understanding of the disease An emphasis on multidisciplinary, research-driven patient care to improve outcomes and optimal use of all appropriate therapies Cutting-edge coverage of personalized cancer care, including molecular diagnostics and therapeutics Concise, readable, clinically relevant text with algorithms, guidelines and insight into the use of both conventional and novel drugs Includes free access to the Wiley Digital Edition providing search across the book, the full reference list with web links, illustrations and photographs, and post-publication updates
Book Synopsis General Principles of Tumor Immunotherapy by : Howard L. Kaufman
Download or read book General Principles of Tumor Immunotherapy written by Howard L. Kaufman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-10-12 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together the world’s leading authorities on tumor immunology. This book describes the basic immunology principles that form the foundation of understanding how the immune system recognizes and rejects tumor cells. The role of the innate and adaptive immune responses is discussed and the implications of these responses for the design of clinical strategies to combat cancer are illustrated.
Book Synopsis Mechanisms of Tumor Escape from the Immune Response by : A Ochoa
Download or read book Mechanisms of Tumor Escape from the Immune Response written by A Ochoa and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-12-12 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The progressive growth of a malignant tumor is accompanied by a decline in the immune response, through mechanisms that have, until recently, been poorly understood. The new era of biological therapies, including cytokines, adoptive transfer of TIL cells, gene therapy and others, brought forth the need to understand the impact of the tumor on the immune system. Moreover, the inability to achieve in humans the unequivocal success of immunotherapy in murine models suggests the possibility that cancer can impair the development of a therapeutic immune response. Scientific and technological advances in cellular and molecular biology during the last two decades have provided new tools with which to explore the dysfunctional immune system of patients with cancer. Novel immunology concepts have provided new insights into changes occurring in tumor cells and the immune system, providing a more cohesive understanding of the process, including: *diminished or absent expression of HLA antigens and co-stimulatory molecules *arrested maturation of dentritic cells *alterations in expression of some signal transduction proteins *increased apoptosis in T and NK cells *presence of suppressor CD+4 and CD25+ T cells Mechanisms of Tumor Escape from the Immune Response provides an introduction to this rapidly developing and, as yet, unsettled area of cancer research, and will be a valuable reference for clinicians and researchers working in the field of cancer immunotherapy.
Book Synopsis Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy - Integrated Methods Part B by :
Download or read book Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy - Integrated Methods Part B written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-03-15 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy - Integrated Methods Part B, Volume 636 in the Methods in Enzymology series, continues the legacy of this premier serial with quality chapters authored by leaders in the field. Chapters in this update include Quantification methods of Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGF?ß) activity in the setting of cancer immunotherapy, Decoding cancer cell death-driven immune cell recruitment: An in vivo method for site-of-vaccination analyses, Tracking and interrogating tissue-resident and recruited microglia in brain tumors, Metabolomics and lipidomics of the tumor microenvironment, Monitoring abscopal responses to radiation in mice, and much more. Provides an array of authors who are authorities in the field Presents comprehensiveness coverage of the topics Includes a broad level of detail and in-depth coverage
