Improving The Criminal Justice System In The United States

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Coordinating the Criminal Justice System

Author : Leslie J. Smith
Publisher : University Press of America
ISBN 13 : 1461679397
Total Pages : 129 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (616 download)

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Book Synopsis Coordinating the Criminal Justice System by : Leslie J. Smith

Download or read book Coordinating the Criminal Justice System written by Leslie J. Smith and published by University Press of America. This book was released on 2007-11-12 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This guide was developed to assist students, professors, executives of local criminal justice systems, and appointed and elected officials of general government to have a better understanding on how the criminal justice system should function. It may also be of special interest to citizens and public officials who sense that more collaboration and coordination is needed to enhance criminal justice decision making which, in turn, will have a positive impact on local criminal justice systems. Leslie J. Smith advocates that the performance of the criminal justice system should be measured in terms of achieving the goals and objectives of each component collectively. Although the legislative, judicial, and executive branches of the U.S. government are constitutionally independent and not required to engage in any coordinated planning activities, these requirements should not lead to poor performance. It is essential to promote positive government through increased collaboration by identifying philosophical principles that will promote the participation of citizens, law enforcement, judiciary, prosecution, corrections, victims, treatment providers, and educators in the development of strategies to prevent, reduce and control crime. There are approximately twenty states throughout the United States that have fostered criminal justice collaborations of this type. The key to accomplishing this objective is effective leadership. This approach is growing in popularity and this book will assist in the further development of this strategy. This guide provides a step-by-step strategy that simplifies the aforementioned issues. It will be especially advantageous for newly appointed criminal coordinators, planners, and others that are charged with creating a hands-on approach to coordinating their local criminal justice processes. Above all, as criminal justice presses forward to the future, the guide will assist in "bridging the gap" between traditional and contemporary approaches to criminal justice plann

Out-of-Control Criminal Justice

Author : Daniel P. Mears
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 110716169X
Total Pages : 325 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis Out-of-Control Criminal Justice by : Daniel P. Mears

Download or read book Out-of-Control Criminal Justice written by Daniel P. Mears and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-09-28 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book shows how to reduce out-of-control criminal justice and create greater public safety, justice, and accountability at less cost.

The Collapse of American Criminal Justice

Author : William J. Stuntz
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674051750
Total Pages : 425 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis The Collapse of American Criminal Justice by : William J. Stuntz

Download or read book The Collapse of American Criminal Justice written by William J. Stuntz and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2011-09-30 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rule of law has vanished in America’s criminal justice system. Prosecutors decide whom to punish; most accused never face a jury; policing is inconsistent; plea bargaining is rampant; and draconian sentencing fills prisons with mostly minority defendants. A leading criminal law scholar looks to history for the roots of these problems—and solutions.

American Criminal Justice Policy

Author : Daniel P. Mears
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521762464
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (217 download)

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Book Synopsis American Criminal Justice Policy by : Daniel P. Mears

Download or read book American Criminal Justice Policy written by Daniel P. Mears and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-04-12 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the most prominent criminal justice policies, finding that they fall short of achieving the effectiveness that policymakers have advocated.

Performance Measures for the Criminal Justice System

Author : John J. DiIulio
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 182 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Performance Measures for the Criminal Justice System by : John J. DiIulio

Download or read book Performance Measures for the Criminal Justice System written by John J. DiIulio and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Discussion paper from the BJS-Princeton Project.

Start Here

Author : Greg Berman
Publisher : The New Press
ISBN 13 : 1620972247
Total Pages : 128 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (29 download)

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Book Synopsis Start Here by : Greg Berman

Download or read book Start Here written by Greg Berman and published by The New Press. This book was released on 2018-03-06 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As heard on NPR's Fresh Air Recommended by The New York Times' Sam Roberts “Start Here is an urgent and timely primer on the approaches that are working and don’t require federal approval or political revolution to end one of the most pressing justice issues the country faces today.” —Brooklyn Daily Eagle A bold agenda for criminal justice reform based on equal parts pragmatism and idealism, from the visionary director of the Center for Court Innovation, a leader of the reform movement Everyone knows that the United States leads the world in incarceration, and that our political process is gridlocked. What can be done right now to reduce the number of people sent to jail and prison? This essential book offers a concrete roadmap for both professionals and general readers who want to move from analysis to action. In this forward-looking, next-generation criminal justice reform book, Greg Berman and Julian Adler of the Center for Court Innovation highlight the key lessons from these programs—engaging the public in preventing crime, treating all defendants with dignity and respect, and linking people to effective community-based interventions rather than locking them up. Along the way, they tell a series of gripping stories, highlighting gang members who have gotten their lives back on track, judges who are transforming their courtrooms, and reformers around the country who are rethinking what justice looks like. While Start Here offers no silver bullets, it does put forth a suite of proven reforms—from alternatives to bail to diversion programs for mentally ill defendants—that will improve the lives of thousands of people right now. Start Here is a must-read for everyone who wants to start dismantling mass incarceration without waiting for a revolution or permission. Proceeds from the book will support the Center for Court Innovation's reform efforts.

The Crisis in America's Criminal Courts

Author : William R. Kelly
Publisher : Applied Criminology across the Globe
ISBN 13 : 9781538189382
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (893 download)

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Book Synopsis The Crisis in America's Criminal Courts by : William R. Kelly

Download or read book The Crisis in America's Criminal Courts written by William R. Kelly and published by Applied Criminology across the Globe. This book was released on 2023-11-15 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights the variety of problems that judges, prosecutors, and public defenders face within a criminal justice system that is ineffective, unfair, and extraordinarily expensive. Much of the dysfunction originates from crushing dockets and caseloads combined with the lack of time, expertise, and resources for effective decision-making.

Global Perspectives on Reforming the Criminal Justice System

Author : Pittaro, Michael
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1799868869
Total Pages : 380 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (998 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Perspectives on Reforming the Criminal Justice System by : Pittaro, Michael

Download or read book Global Perspectives on Reforming the Criminal Justice System written by Pittaro, Michael and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2021-06-25 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The often-tenuous relationship between law enforcement and communities of color, namely African Americans, has grown increasingly strained, and the call for justice has once again ignited the demand for criminal justice reform. Rebuilding the trust between the police and the citizens that they have sworn to protect and serve requires that criminal justice practitioners and educators collaborate with elected officials and commit to an open, ongoing dialogue on the most challenging issues that remain unresolved but demand collective attention and support. Reform measures are not limited to policing policies and practices, but rather extend throughout the criminal justice system. There is no denying that the criminal justice system as we know it is flawed, but not beyond repair. Global Perspectives on Reforming the Criminal Justice System provides in-depth and current research about the criminal justice system around the world, its many inadequacies, and why it urgently needs reformation. Offering a fully fleshed outline of the current system, this book details the newest research and is incredibly important to fully understand the flaws of the criminal justice system across the globe. The goals of this book are to improve and advance the criminal justice system by addressing the glaring weaknesses within the system and discuss potential reforms including decreasing the prison population (decarceration) and improving police/community relations. Highlighting topics that include accountability, community-oriented policing, ethics, and mass incarceration, this book is ideal for law enforcement officers, trainers/educators, government officials, policymakers, correctional officers, court officials, professionals, researchers, academicians, and students in the fields of criminal justice, criminology, sociology, psychology, addictions, mental health, social work, public policy, and public administration.

Reforming Juvenile Justice

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309278937
Total Pages : 463 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Reforming Juvenile Justice by : National Research Council

Download or read book Reforming Juvenile Justice written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-05-22 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adolescence is a distinct, yet transient, period of development between childhood and adulthood characterized by increased experimentation and risk-taking, a tendency to discount long-term consequences, and heightened sensitivity to peers and other social influences. A key function of adolescence is developing an integrated sense of self, including individualization, separation from parents, and personal identity. Experimentation and novelty-seeking behavior, such as alcohol and drug use, unsafe sex, and reckless driving, are thought to serve a number of adaptive functions despite their risks. Research indicates that for most youth, the period of risky experimentation does not extend beyond adolescence, ceasing as identity becomes settled with maturity. Much adolescent involvement in criminal activity is part of the normal developmental process of identity formation and most adolescents will mature out of these tendencies. Evidence of significant changes in brain structure and function during adolescence strongly suggests that these cognitive tendencies characteristic of adolescents are associated with biological immaturity of the brain and with an imbalance among developing brain systems. This imbalance model implies dual systems: one involved in cognitive and behavioral control and one involved in socio-emotional processes. Accordingly adolescents lack mature capacity for self-regulations because the brain system that influences pleasure-seeking and emotional reactivity develops more rapidly than the brain system that supports self-control. This knowledge of adolescent development has underscored important differences between adults and adolescents with direct bearing on the design and operation of the justice system, raising doubts about the core assumptions driving the criminalization of juvenile justice policy in the late decades of the 20th century. It was in this context that the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) asked the National Research Council to convene a committee to conduct a study of juvenile justice reform. The goal of Reforming Juvenile Justice: A Developmental Approach was to review recent advances in behavioral and neuroscience research and draw out the implications of this knowledge for juvenile justice reform, to assess the new generation of reform activities occurring in the United States, and to assess the performance of OJJDP in carrying out its statutory mission as well as its potential role in supporting scientifically based reform efforts.

Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994

Author : United States
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 356 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)

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Book Synopsis Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 by : United States

Download or read book Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 written by United States and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Improving Interagency Collaboration, Innovation and Learning in Criminal Justice Systems

Author : Sarah Hean
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030706613
Total Pages : 463 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (37 download)

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Book Synopsis Improving Interagency Collaboration, Innovation and Learning in Criminal Justice Systems by : Sarah Hean

Download or read book Improving Interagency Collaboration, Innovation and Learning in Criminal Justice Systems written by Sarah Hean and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-08-03 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Open Access edited collection seeks to improve collaboration between criminal justice and welfare services in order to help prepare offenders for life after serving a prison sentence. It examines the potential tensions between criminal justice agencies and other organisations which are involved in the rehabilitation and reintegration of offenders, most notably those engaged in mental health care or third sector organisations. It then suggests a variety of different methods and approaches to help to overcome such tensions and promote inter-agency collaboration and co-working, drawing on emerging research and models, with a focus on the practice in European and Scandinavian countries. For academics and practitioners working in prisons and the penal system, this collection will be invaluable.

Crime Victims with Developmental Disabilities

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030917127X
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Crime Victims with Developmental Disabilities by : National Research Council

Download or read book Crime Victims with Developmental Disabilities written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-02-06 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although violent crime in the United States has declined over the past five years, certain groups appear to remain at disproportionately high risk for violent victimization. In the United States, people with developmental disabilities-such as mental retardation, autism, cerebral palsy, epilepsy, and severe learning disabilities may be included in this group. While the scientific evidence is scanty, a handful of studies from the United States, Canada, Australia, and Great Britain consistently find high rates of violence and abuse affecting people with these kinds of disabilities. A number of social and demographic trends are converging that may worsen the situation considerably over the next several years. The prevalence of developmental disabilities has increased in low-income populations, due to a number of factors, such as poor prenatal nutrition, lack of access to health care or better perinatal care for some fragile babies, and increases in child abuse and substance abuse during pregnancy. For example, a recent report of the California State Council on Developmental Disabilities found that during the past decade, while the state population increased by 20 percent, the number of persons with developmental disabilities in California increased by 52 percent and the population segment with mild mental retardation doubled. Because of a growing concern among parents and advocates regarding possible high rates of crime victimization among persons with developmental disabilities, Congress, through the Crime Victims with Disabilities Awareness Act of 1998, requested that the National Research Council of the National Academy of Sciences conduct a study to increase knowledge and information about crimes against individuals with developmental disabilities that will be useful in developing new strategies to reduce the incidence of crimes against those individuals. Crime Victims with Developmental Disabilities summarizes the workshop and addresses the following issues: (1) the nature and extent of crimes against individuals with developmental disabilities; (2) the risk factors associated with victimization of individuals with developmental disabilities; (3) the manner in which the justice system responds to crimes against individuals with disabilities; and (4) the means by which states may establish and maintain a centralized computer database on the incidence of crimes against individuals with disabilities within a state.

Solutions

Author : Joe Biden
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780692459218
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (592 download)

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Book Synopsis Solutions by : Joe Biden

Download or read book Solutions written by Joe Biden and published by . This book was released on 2015-04-27 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mass incarceration. In recent years it's become clear that the size of America's prison population is unsustainable -- and isn't needed to protect public safety. In this remarkable bipartisan collaboration, the country's most prominent public figures and experts join together to propose ideas for change. In these original essays, many authors speak out for the first time on the issue. The vast majority agree that reducing our incarcerated population is a priority. Marking a clear political shift on crime and punishment in America, these sentiments are a far cry from politicians racing to be the most punitive in the 1980s and 1990s. Mass incarceration threatens American democracy. Hiding in plain sight, it drives economic inequality, racial injustice, and poverty. How do we achieve change? From using federal funding to bolster police best practices to allowing for the release of low-level offenders while they wait for trial, from eliminating prison for low-level drug crimes to increasing drug and mental health treatment, the ideas in this book pave a way forward. Solutions promises to further the intellectual and political momentum to reform our justice system.

Charged

Author : Emily Bazelon
Publisher : Random House Trade Paperbacks
ISBN 13 : 039959003X
Total Pages : 450 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (995 download)

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Book Synopsis Charged by : Emily Bazelon

Download or read book Charged written by Emily Bazelon and published by Random House Trade Paperbacks. This book was released on 2020-05-05 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER • A renowned journalist and legal commentator exposes the unchecked power of the prosecutor as a driving force in America’s mass incarceration crisis—and charts a way out. “An important, thoughtful, and thorough examination of criminal justice in America that speaks directly to how we reduce mass incarceration.”—Bryan Stevenson, author of Just Mercy “This harrowing, often enraging book is a hopeful one, as well, profiling innovative new approaches and the frontline advocates who champion them.”—Matthew Desmond, author of Evicted FINALIST FOR THE LOS ANGELES TIMES BOOK PRIZE • SHORTLISTED FOR THE J. ANTHONY LUKAS BOOK PRIZE • NAMED ONE OF THE BEST BOOKS OF THE YEAR BY NPR • The New York Public Library • Library Journal • Publishers Weekly • Kirkus Reviews The American criminal justice system is supposed to be a contest between two equal adversaries, the prosecution and the defense, with judges ensuring a fair fight. That image of the law does not match the reality in the courtroom, however. Much of the time, it is prosecutors more than judges who control the outcome of a case, from choosing the charge to setting bail to determining the plea bargain. They often decide who goes free and who goes to prison, even who lives and who dies. In Charged, Emily Bazelon reveals how this kind of unchecked power is the underreported cause of enormous injustice—and the missing piece in the mass incarceration puzzle. Charged follows the story of two young people caught up in the criminal justice system: Kevin, a twenty-year-old in Brooklyn who picked up his friend’s gun as the cops burst in and was charged with a serious violent felony, and Noura, a teenage girl in Memphis indicted for the murder of her mother. Bazelon tracks both cases—from arrest and charging to trial and sentencing—and, with her trademark blend of deeply reported narrative, legal analysis, and investigative journalism, illustrates just how criminal prosecutions can go wrong and, more important, why they don’t have to. Bazelon also details the second chances they prosecutors can extend, if they choose, to Kevin and Noura and so many others. She follows a wave of reform-minded D.A.s who have been elected in some of our biggest cities, as well as in rural areas in every region of the country, put in office to do nothing less than reinvent how their job is done. If they succeed, they can point the country toward a different and profoundly better future.

The Bail Book

Author : Shima Baradaran Baughman
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107131367
Total Pages : 331 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis The Bail Book by : Shima Baradaran Baughman

Download or read book The Bail Book written by Shima Baradaran Baughman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the causes for mass incarceration of Americans and calls for the reform of the bail system. Traces the history of bail, how it has come to be an oppressive tool of the courts, and makes recommendations for reforming the bail system and alleviating the mass incarceration problem.

The Growth of Incarceration in the United States

Author : Committee on Causes and Consequences of High Rates of Incarceration
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 9780309298018
Total Pages : 800 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (98 download)

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Book Synopsis The Growth of Incarceration in the United States by : Committee on Causes and Consequences of High Rates of Incarceration

Download or read book The Growth of Incarceration in the United States written by Committee on Causes and Consequences of High Rates of Incarceration and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2014-12-31 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After decades of stability from the 1920s to the early 1970s, the rate of imprisonment in the United States has increased fivefold during the last four decades. The U.S. penal population of 2.2 million adults is by far the largest in the world. Just under one-quarter of the world's prisoners are held in American prisons. The U.S. rate of incarceration, with nearly 1 out of every 100 adults in prison or jail, is 5 to 10 times higher than the rates in Western Europe and other democracies. The U.S. prison population is largely drawn from the most disadvantaged part of the nation's population: mostly men under age 40, disproportionately minority, and poorly educated. Prisoners often carry additional deficits of drug and alcohol addictions, mental and physical illnesses, and lack of work preparation or experience. The growth of incarceration in the United States during four decades has prompted numerous critiques and a growing body of scientific knowledge about what prompted the rise and what its consequences have been for the people imprisoned, their families and communities, and for U.S. society. The Growth of Incarceration in the United States examines research and analysis of the dramatic rise of incarceration rates and its affects. This study makes the case that the United States has gone far past the point where the numbers of people in prison can be justified by social benefits and has reached a level where these high rates of incarceration themselves constitute a source of injustice and social harm. The Growth of Incarceration in the United States examines policy changes that created an increasingly punitive political climate and offers specific policy advice in sentencing policy, prison policy, and social policy. The report also identifies important research questions that must be answered to provide a firmer basis for policy. This report is a call for change in the way society views criminals, punishment, and prison. This landmark study assesses the evidence and its implications for public policy to inform an extensive and thoughtful public debate about and reconsideration of policies.

Imagining a Greater Justice

Author : Samuel H. Pillsbury
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429756453
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (297 download)

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Book Synopsis Imagining a Greater Justice by : Samuel H. Pillsbury

Download or read book Imagining a Greater Justice written by Samuel H. Pillsbury and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-01-11 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Even for violent crime, justice should mean more than punishment. By paying close attention to the relational harms suffered by victims, this book develops a concept of relational justice for survivors, offenders and community. Relational justice looks beyond traditional rules of legal responsibility to include the social and emotional dimensions of human experience, opening the way for a more compassionate, effective and just response to crime. The book’s chapters follow a journey from victim experiences of violence to community healing from violence. Early chapters examine the relational harms inflicted by the worst wrongs, the moral responsibility of wrongdoers and common mistakes made in judging wrongdoing. Particular attention is paid here to sexual violence. The book then moves to questions of just punishment: proper sentencing by judges, mandatory sentences approved by the public, and the realities of contemporary incarceration, focusing particularly on solitary confinement and sexual violence. In its remaining chapters, the book looks at changes brought by the victims' rights movement and victim needs that current law does not, and perhaps cannot meet. It then addresses possibilities for offender change and challenges for majority America in addressing race discrimination in criminal justice. The book concludes with a look at how individuals might live out the ideals of a greater—relational—justice. Chapter 10 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.