Implicit Meaning Comprehension In Autism Spectrum Disorders

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Implicit Meaning Comprehension in Autism Spectrum Disorders

Author : Yhara Formisano
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1443876720
Total Pages : 170 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (438 download)

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Book Synopsis Implicit Meaning Comprehension in Autism Spectrum Disorders by : Yhara Formisano

Download or read book Implicit Meaning Comprehension in Autism Spectrum Disorders written by Yhara Formisano and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2015-04-01 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is based upon a PhD thesis focusing on implicit meaning comprehension in people along the spectrum of autistic disorders (ASD). The point of departure of the study was that, though existing research studies agree on a generalized pragmatic impairment in this clinical population even in cases in which all other levels of linguistic competence are spared, the cause of this impairment of pragmatic skills in toto is still unknown. The hypothesis underlying this book is that an explanation for this may be found in the fact that researchers appear to be conducting their work in order to demonstrate that the theory upon which their research is based is the definitive explanation for this phenomenon. Taking a critical stand towards this type of approach, the research presented in this book is grounded upon a solid theoretical basis, but does not seek to demonstrate the superiority of one theoretical hypothesis over another. The first two chapters are theoretical in scope, and serve as a foundation for understanding previous research and, hence, the rationale of the investigation carried out here. From chapter three onwards, the main body of research of this particular study is presented and the results are discussed. In order to verify the degree of implicit meaning understanding, the participants in this research study were administered a test that included both written items and videos of conversational exchanges containing a specific kind of implicit meaning about which they were asked questions. The videos allowed for the inclusion of all the contextual clues necessary for utterance interpretation and, also, for the analysis of the extent to which the inability to interpret implicit meaning depends on testing modality. The test elaborated for this research differs from those of previous studies mainly because of this feature, which pays due attention to context, thereby allowing for interactions that are as realistic as possible. Moreover, participants were asked to motivate their answers, and this proved fundamental in the data interpretation phase. The results of the study contradict previous research findings insofar as regards the severity of the impairment, in that ASD patients demonstrate an ability, albeit at different levels, to disambiguate sentences and assign a non-literal meaning to utterances.

Cognitive Pragmatics

Author : Hans-J Rg Schmid
Publisher : Mouton De Gruyter
ISBN 13 : 9783110214208
Total Pages : 648 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (142 download)

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Book Synopsis Cognitive Pragmatics by : Hans-J Rg Schmid

Download or read book Cognitive Pragmatics written by Hans-J Rg Schmid and published by Mouton De Gruyter. This book was released on 2012 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Speakers tend to compose their utterances in such a way that the message they want to get across is hardly ever fully encoded by the meanings of the words and the grammar they use. Instead speakers rely on hearers adding conceptual and emotive content while interpreting the contextually appropriate meanings and intentions behind utterances. This insight, which is of course particularly relevant in all kinds of indirect, figurative or humorous talk, lies at the heart of the linguistic discipline of pragmatics. If pragmatics is the study of meaning-in-context, then cognitive pragmatics can be broadly defined as encompassing the study of the cognitive principles and processes involved in the construal of meaning-in-context. This volume is the first to systematically survey this terrain from a wide range of perspectives. It collects state-of-the-art contributions by leading experts from the fields of pragmatics, psycholinguistics, cognitive linguistics, clinical linguistics and historical linguistics.

Communication in Autism

Author : Joanne Arciuli
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 9027270325
Total Pages : 283 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

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Book Synopsis Communication in Autism by : Joanne Arciuli

Download or read book Communication in Autism written by Joanne Arciuli and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2014-10-15 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Communication in Autism adopts a multidisciplinary approach to explore one of the most common developmental disorders associated with communication impairment. Perhaps the most fascinating thing about communication in autism is that variation is as extreme as it could possibly be. While some individuals with autism have age-appropriate language, a number have exceptional language skills; others have little or no spoken language. In between these extremes are individuals who experience significant linguistic impairments. These impairments can affect peer relations and literacy skills. The chapters in this volume provide comprehensive coverage of both the theoretical underpinnings and the practical aspects of autistic communication. The result is a volume that showcases the wide range of methodologies being used in this field of research. It is invaluable for scientists, service providers, parents, individuals with autism, and students learning about communication and autism (e.g., in psychology, speech pathology, and education).

Evidence-based Reading Instruction

Author : International Reading Association
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780872074606
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (746 download)

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Book Synopsis Evidence-based Reading Instruction by : International Reading Association

Download or read book Evidence-based Reading Instruction written by International Reading Association and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Reading First legislation, part of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001, labels these topics the "five essential components" of reading instruction, and programs funded by Reading First must include these elements. Each state will receive funds that are proportional to the number and percentage of children living in poverty and then host competitions to determine how the funds will be distributed among the districts and schools. In order to aid educators in implementing these components in the early grades, the International Reading Association has assembled Evidence-Based Reading Instruction: Putting the National Reading Panel Report Into Practice, a timely and helpful compilation of articles from its journal The Reading Teacher. The first five sections are grouped according to the five essential components. Each section offers a summary and discussion of the NRP findings, and presents several articles from The Reading Teacher that provide concrete descriptions of the recommended practices. The final section includes articles that employ practices from two or more of the essential components, and the appendixes contain the Association's position statement What Is Evidence-Based Reading Instruction? and a useful list of Association resources cited in the NRP Report. This compilation will help educators implement practices consistent with scientifically based reading research, but more important, it will help teachers make every child a reader.

Girls and Autism

Author : Barry Carpenter
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351234412
Total Pages : 215 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (512 download)

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Book Synopsis Girls and Autism by : Barry Carpenter

Download or read book Girls and Autism written by Barry Carpenter and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-02-07 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Often thought of as a predominantly ‘male’ disorder, autism has long gone unidentified, unnoticed and unsupported in girls – sometimes with devastating consequences for their social and mental well-being. As current research reveals a much more balanced male-to-female ratio in autism, this book provides crucial insight into autistic girls’ experiences, helping professionals to recognize, understand, support and teach them effectively. Drawing on the latest research findings, chapters consider why girls have historically been overlooked by traditional diagnostic approaches, identifying behaviours that may be particular to girls, and exploring the ‘camouflaging’ that can make the diagnosis of autistic girls more difficult. Chapters emphasize both the challenges and advantages of autism and take a multidisciplinary approach to encompass contributions from autistic girls and women, their family members, teachers, psychologists and other professionals. The result is an invaluable source of first-hand insights, knowledge and strategies, which will enable those living or working with girls on the autism spectrum to provide more informed and effective support. Giving voice to the experiences, concerns, needs and hopes of girls on the autism spectrum, this much-needed text will provide parents, teachers and other professionals with essential information to help them support and teach autistic girls more effectively.

Why Language Matters for Theory of Mind

Author : Janet Wilde Astington
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0195347846
Total Pages : 369 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Why Language Matters for Theory of Mind by : Janet Wilde Astington

Download or read book Why Language Matters for Theory of Mind written by Janet Wilde Astington and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2005-03-24 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Theory of mind" is the phrase researchers use to refer to children's understanding of people as mental beings, who have beliefs, desires, emotions, and intentions, and whose actions and interactions can be interpreted and explained by taking account of these mental states. The gradual development of children's theory of mind, particularly during the early years, is by now well described in the research literature. What is lacking, however, is a decisive explanation of how children acquire this understanding. Recent research has shown strong relations between children's linguistic abilities and their theory of mind. Yet exactly what role these abilities play is controversial and uncertain. The purpose of this book is to provide a forum for the leading scholars in the field to explore thoroughly the role of language in the development of the theory of mind. This volume will appeal to students and researchers in developmental and cognitive psychology.

Reading Fluency

Author : Asaid Khateb
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 331930478X
Total Pages : 169 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (193 download)

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Book Synopsis Reading Fluency by : Asaid Khateb

Download or read book Reading Fluency written by Asaid Khateb and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-05-11 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is dedicated to the blessed memory of Prof. Zvia Breznitz, whose groundbreaking research has made a tremendous impact on the understanding of fluency in reading. The book presents a multidimensional perspective of recent research and reviews on fluency in reading. The first part presents recent brain-imaging findings from studies into the neurobiological basis of reading, as well as cognitive and language studies exploring the underlying factors of fluency in reading and its development. The second part comprises reviews of intervention studies that address reading ability, and in particular, fluency in reading. The book provides a unique multilingual perspective on reading research by including studies of readers of different orthographies and speakers of different languages. Both scientists exploring the different aspects of reading and language, and clinicians of reading intervention will find this book not only of great interest but extremely useful in its clear and in-depth presentation of current reading research.

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Author : Michael Fitzgerald
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 9535120379
Total Pages : 380 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (351 download)

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Book Synopsis Autism Spectrum Disorder by : Michael Fitzgerald

Download or read book Autism Spectrum Disorder written by Michael Fitzgerald and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2015-04-02 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book starts with a new sub category of Autism Criminal Autistic Psychopathy and school shootings. It focuses on a number of interventions, including speech and language pathology, speech and language assessment instruments, occupational therapy, improving functional language development in autism with natural gestures, communication boards etc as well as helping people with autism using the pictorial support, training of concepts of significant others, theory of mind, social concepts and a conceptual model for empowering families of children with autism cross culturally. It also examines the issue of hyperandrogenism and evidence-based treatments of autism. In terms of assessment, it focuses on psychological and biological assessment including neurotransmitters systems, structural and functional brain imaging, coping strategies of parents, examines the intertwining of language impairment, specific language impairment and ASD, as well as implicit and spontaneous Theory of Mind reading in ASD. In terms of aetiology, it focuses on genetic factors, epigenetics, synaptic vesicles, toxicity during neurodevelopment, immune system and sex differences. It also examines the link between social cognitive anatomical and neurophysiologic biomarkers and candidate genes. This book will be relevant to all mental health professionals because autism occurs in all the different areas of psychiatry and professionals who will find it helpful will be psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, nurses, teachers and all those working with persons with Autism including parents who nowadays are interested in knowing more and more, at a detailed level about their children or adults with autism.

A Field Guide to Earthlings

Author : Ian Ford
Publisher : Ian Ford Software Corp
ISBN 13 : 0615426190
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (154 download)

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Book Synopsis A Field Guide to Earthlings by : Ian Ford

Download or read book A Field Guide to Earthlings written by Ian Ford and published by Ian Ford Software Corp. This book was released on 2010 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Autistic people often live in a state of anxiety and confusion about the social world, running into misunderstandings and other barriers. This book unlocks the inner workings of neurotypical behavior, which can be mysterious to autistics. Proceeding from root concepts of language and culture through 62 behavior patterns used by neurotypical people, the book reveals how they structure a mental map of the world in symbolic webs of beliefs, how those symbols are used to filter perception, how they build and display their identity, how they compete for power, and how they socialize and develop relationships--

Speech and Interaction of Preadolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Author : Mari Wiklund
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811981175
Total Pages : 161 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (119 download)

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Book Synopsis Speech and Interaction of Preadolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder by : Mari Wiklund

Download or read book Speech and Interaction of Preadolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder written by Mari Wiklund and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-01-09 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book focuses on the interaction of persons with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). ASD is a neurobiological developmental disorder, characterized by problems with social interaction, over-sensitivity to sensory stimuli and restricted interest (APA 2013). Problems with social interaction being a core feature of ASD, there is a scientific and a societal need for a book focusing on this topic. The book approaches the interaction of persons with ASD from a new angle. Firstly, where most studies on ASD are based on data coming from experimental settings, this book is based on naturally occurring data coming from group therapy sessions where 11–13-year-old Finnish- and French-speaking boys with ASD talk with each other and with their therapists. Secondly, the book treats a variety of themes that have so far been studied much less than, for example, the pragmatic problems of persons with ASD. These themes include the following aspects: speech prosody (characteristic features, perception of atypicality by neurotypical listeners), disfluencies of speech (comparison with neurotypical controls), comprehension problems (role of prosody, role of disfluencies, other causes), gaze behavior (eye contact avoidance strategies, using gaze as a source of feedback) as well as therapists’ response strategies and teaching orientations. The book is intended for researchers working in the field of autism, professionals working with persons with ASD as well as for families of persons with ASD.

Autism in the Workplace

Author : Amy E. Hurley-Hanson
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030290492
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis Autism in the Workplace by : Amy E. Hurley-Hanson

Download or read book Autism in the Workplace written by Amy E. Hurley-Hanson and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-15 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the career experiences of Generation A, the half-million individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who will reach adulthood in the next decade. With Generation A eligible to enter the workforce in unprecedented numbers, research is needed to help individuals, organizations, and educational institutions to work together to create successful work experiences and career outcomes for individuals with ASD. Issues surrounding ASD in the workplace are discussed from individual, organizational, and societal perspectives. This book also examines the stigma of autism and how it may affect the employment and career experiences of individuals with ASD. This timely book provides researchers, practitioners, and employers with empirical data that examines the work and career experiences of individuals with ASD. It offers a framework for organizations committed to hiring individuals with ASD and enhancing their work experiences and career outcomes now and in the future.

Autism Spectrum Disorders

Author : David Amaral
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199707472
Total Pages : 1445 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (997 download)

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Book Synopsis Autism Spectrum Disorders by : David Amaral

Download or read book Autism Spectrum Disorders written by David Amaral and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-05-01 with total page 1445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Autism is an emerging area of basic and clinical research, and has only recently been recognized as a major topic in biomedical research. Approximately 1 in 150 children are diagnosed as autistic, so it is also an intense growth area in behavioral and educational treatments. Financial resources have begun to be raised for more comprehensive research and an increasing number of scientists are becoming involved in autism research. In many respects, autism has become a model for conducting translational research on a psychiatric disorder. This text provides a comprehensive summary of all current knowledge related to the behavioral, experiential, and biomedical features of the autism spectrum disorders including major behavioral and cognitive syndromology, common co-morbid conditions, neuropathology, neuroimmunology, and other neurological correlates such as seizures, allergy and immunology, gastroenterology, infectious disease, and epidemiology. Edited by three leading researchers, this volume contains over 80 chapters and nine shorter commentaries by thought leaders in the field, making the book a virtual "who's who" of autism research. This carefully developed book is a comprehensive and authoritative reference for what we know in this area as well as a guidepost for the next several years in all areas of autism research.

Understanding Other Minds

Author : Simon Baron-Cohen
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191668796
Total Pages : 525 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Other Minds by : Simon Baron-Cohen

Download or read book Understanding Other Minds written by Simon Baron-Cohen and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2013-08-22 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprises 26 exciting chapters by internationally renowned scholars, addressing the central psychological process separating humans from other animals: the ability to imagine the thoughts and feelings of others, and to reflect on the contents of our own mindsa theory of mind (ToM). The four sections of the book cover developmental, cultural, and neurobiological approaches to ToM across different populations and species. The chapters explore the earliest stages of development of ToM in infancy, and how plastic ToM learning is; why 3-year-olds typically fail false belief tasks and how ToM continues to develop beyond childhood into adulthood; the debate between simulation theory and theory theory; cross-cultural perspectives on ToM and how ToM develops differently in deaf children; how we use our ToM when we make moral judgments, and the link between emotional intelligence and ToM; the neural basis of ToM measured by evoked response potentials, functional magnetic resonance imaging, and studies of brain damage; emotional vs. cognitive empathy in neuropsychiatric conditions such as autism, schizophrenia, and psychopathy; the concept of self in autism and teaching methods targeting ToM deficits; the relationship between empathy, the pain matrix and the mirror neuron system; the role of oxytocin and fetal testosterone in mentalizing and empathy; the heritability of empathy and candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with empathy; and ToM in non-human primates. These 26 chapters represent a masterly overview of a field that has deepened since the first edition was published in 1993.

Autism & Reading Comprehension

Author : Joseph Porter
Publisher : Future Horizons
ISBN 13 : 1935274155
Total Pages : 407 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (352 download)

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Book Synopsis Autism & Reading Comprehension by : Joseph Porter

Download or read book Autism & Reading Comprehension written by Joseph Porter and published by Future Horizons. This book was released on 2011 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides ready-to-reproduce pages of lessons, worksheets, and exercises that help teach reading comprehension skills to children with autism spectrum disorders.

Supporting the Education of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

Author : Kats, Yefim
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1522508171
Total Pages : 356 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (225 download)

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Book Synopsis Supporting the Education of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders by : Kats, Yefim

Download or read book Supporting the Education of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders written by Kats, Yefim and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2016-09-12 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Special education encompasses a broad range of techniques and tools for a catering to children with unique educational needs. Children in need of additional learning support, including children on the autism spectrum, benefit from continued research in emerging educational tools and pedagogies for best catering to their needs. Supporting the Education of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders focuses on a well-rounded approach to special education, including perspectives on administration and leadership, course development, psychological and counseling support, educational technologies, and classroom management strategies. Emphasizing timely research focused on creating opportune learning environments for children on the autism spectrum, this publication is an essential reference source for educators, school administrators, graduate-level students, and researchers in the field of education.

Acquiring Pragmatics

Author : Sandrine Zufferey
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317602897
Total Pages : 214 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (176 download)

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Book Synopsis Acquiring Pragmatics by : Sandrine Zufferey

Download or read book Acquiring Pragmatics written by Sandrine Zufferey and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-11-27 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Acquiring Pragmatics offers a comprehensive synthesis of state-of-the-art research on the acquisition of pragmatics. It introduces the current topics of research in theoretical pragmatics and explores the issues they raise for language acquisition research and the new experimental designs which have been developed to address them. While each chapter covers each topic in depth, it also places a strong emphasis on the underlying methodological aspects of each issue, which will help the reader to develop their own experimental designs. Key topics covered include: The interfaces between pragmatics and language acquisition The social aspects of pragmatic competence The cognitive aspects of pragmatic competence The acquisition of pragmatics in autistic spectrum disorders and second language acquisition Acquiring Pragmatics is key reading for advanced undergraduate and graduate students studying pragmatics and language acquisition.

Autism Spectrum Disorder: All That Matters

Author : Lorna Selfe
Publisher : John Murray
ISBN 13 : 144419299X
Total Pages : 166 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (441 download)

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Book Synopsis Autism Spectrum Disorder: All That Matters by : Lorna Selfe

Download or read book Autism Spectrum Disorder: All That Matters written by Lorna Selfe and published by John Murray. This book was released on 2014-02-28 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Autistic Spectrum: All That Matters, Lorna Selfe explains that research over recent years has shown that there is not one such thing as autism but in fact a variety of autistic spectrum disorders. The causes of these, or the reasons for their apparently increasing prevalence in the UK and North America while in many other perts of the world they are hardly recognised at all, remain the subject of intensive research and debate. Dr Selfe strips away the many myths around autism, focusing instead on what we really know about its varieties, causes and treatments. As such, it is the ideal introduction to autistic spectrum disorders for psychology students, health practitioners, and the parents, carers and friends of people with autism. This accessible and readable book gives a fascinating introduction to the autistic spectrum - and what matters most about it.