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Author : Bruno Guigas
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889764125
Total Pages : 183 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (897 download)
Download or read book Immune Regulation of Metabolic Homeostasis written by Bruno Guigas and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-06-23 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Musik written by and published by . This book was released on 1888 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : William C. Gause
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1493929119
Total Pages : 183 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (939 download)
Download or read book The Th2 Type Immune Response in Health and Disease written by William C. Gause and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-08 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The type 2 immune response that develops during infectious disease has undergone major paradigm shifts in the last several years as new cell types and pathways have been identified. It is now clear that the type 2 immune response, characterized by elevations in specific cytokines, including IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13, is associated with helminth infections in both humans and mice. This response is complex and includes effector functions that mediate resistance, contributing to expulsion and in some cases destruction, of the parasite. But just as importantly, the type 2 immune response can also mediate tolerance mechanisms, which can mitigate tissue injury as these large multicellular parasites transit through vital organs. The tolerance mechanisms include both tissue repair and immune regulatory effects. These latter aspects of the helminth-induced type 2 immune response are increasingly recognized as a potential resource that can be mined for the development of novel immunotherapies that may enhance wound healing, control of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases and regulation of metabolic homeostasis. In this book, leading researchers in this exciting and dynamic field discuss the latest findings and emerging concepts, providing an intellectual framework that can be used as a basis for new discoveries and potentially new treatments for diseases associated with inflammation.
Author : Maya Evelyn Kotas
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 242 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (83 download)
Download or read book Investigations Into the Role of the Immune System in Metabolic Homeostasis and Disease written by Maya Evelyn Kotas and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Claudio Mauro
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889196224
Total Pages : 82 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (891 download)
Download or read book The Metabolic Challenges of Immune Cells in Health and Disease written by Claudio Mauro and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-07-13 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Obesity and its co-morbidities, including atherosclerosis, insulin resistance and diabetes, are a world-wide epidemic. Inflammatory immune responses in metabolic tissues have emerged as a universal feature of these metabolic disorders. While initial work highlighted the contribution of macrophages to tissue inflammation and insulin resistance, recent studies demonstrate that cells of the adaptive immune compartment, including T and B lymphocytes and dendritic cells also participate in obesity-induced pathogenesis of these conditions. However, the molecular and cellular pathways by which the innate and adaptive branches of immunity control tissue and systemic metabolism remain poorly understood. To engage in growth and activation, cells need to increase their biomass and replicate their genome. This process presents a substantial bioenergetic challenge: growing and activated cells must increase ATP production and acquire or synthesize raw materials, including lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. To do so, they actively reprogram their intracellular metabolism from catabolic mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis and other anabolic pathways. This metabolic reprogramming is under the control of specific signal transduction pathways whose underlying molecular mechanisms and relevance to physiology and disease are subject of considerable current interest and under intense study. Recent reports have elucidated the physiological role of metabolic reprogramming in macrophage and T cell activation and differentiation, B- and dendritic cell biology, as well as in the crosstalk of immune cells with endothelial and stem cells. It is also becoming increasingly evident that alterations of metabolic pathways play a major role in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory disorders. Due to the scientific distance between immunologists and experts in metabolism (e.g., clinicians and biochemists), however, there has been limited cross-talk between these communities. This collection of articles aims at promoting such cross-talk and accelerating discoveries in the emerging field of immunometabolism.
Author : Duncan Howie
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889457257
Total Pages : 116 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (894 download)
Download or read book Metabolism and Immune Tolerance written by Duncan Howie and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-01-21 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historically the study of the immune system and metabolism have been two very separate fields. In recent years, a growing literature has emerged illustrating how the multiple processes of cellular metabolism are intricately linked to several aspects of immune function and development. This Research Topic covers recent progress in the field now known as “Immunometabolism” and the role of metabolism in immune tolerance. Immune tolerance is operationally defined as a state where a host’s immune system is balanced such that although self-reactive lymphocytes are present, they are kept in check by immune regulation. Perturbations to this homeostasis may result in self-reactive lymphocytes gaining the upper hand and mediating auto-immune disease. Maintenance of immune tolerance involves a large cast of different cell types including effector T cells, regulatory T cells, B cells, stromal cells, dendritic cells and macrophages. Intracellular pathways and individual enzymes of metabolism have been shown to be harnessed by cells of both the adaptive and innate immune system to allow particular immune functions to be achieved. Examples include metabolic enzymes serving ‘moonlighting’ functions in mRNA translation, gene splicing, and kinase activation. Other examples include the requirement for de novo fatty acid synthesis for differentiation into Th17 effectors and CD8 memory T cells or products of the TCA cycle promoting pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Likewise, the availability of extracellular metabolic substrates has a large impact on the maintenance of local immune tolerance. For example, there are different requirements for glucose, glutamine and fatty acids for effector versus regulatory T cell development. Also tolerogenic dendritic cells mediate lowering of extracellular essential amino acids by their enhanced catabolism, promoting the induction of regulatory T cells. The purpose of this Research Topic is to provide an update on the current understanding of the multiple roles for metabolism in regulating the immune system.
Author : Jason Collier
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3036509267
Total Pages : 126 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (365 download)
Download or read book Islet Inflammation and Metabolic Homeostasis written by Jason Collier and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-06-08 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a resource for the science or medical professional interested in islet biology. With a mix of review articles and studies showing primary data, new advances in islet inflammation and metabolic homeostasis are highlighted. The topics are succinctly presented by distinct viewpoints. An introduction to the Special Issue, with summaries of the studies included, is provided by the Guest Editors.
Author : Franck Mauvais-Jarvis
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319701789
Total Pages : 630 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (197 download)
Download or read book Sex and Gender Factors Affecting Metabolic Homeostasis, Diabetes and Obesity written by Franck Mauvais-Jarvis and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-08 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides a reference for years to come, written by world-renowned expert investigators studying sex differences, the role of sex hormones, the systems biology of sex, and the genetic contribution of sex chromosomes to metabolic homeostasis and diseases. In this volume, leaders of the pharmaceutical industry present their views on sex-specific drug discovery. Many of the authors presented at the Keystone Symposium on “Sex and gender factors affecting metabolic homeostasis, diabetes and obesity” to be held in March 2017 in Lake Tahoe, CA. This book will generate new knowledge and ideas on the importance of gender biology and medicine from a molecular standpoint to the population level and to provide the methods to study them. It is intended to be a catalyst leading to gender-specific treatments of metabolic diseases. There are fundamental aspects of metabolic homeostasis that are regulated differently in males and females, and influence both the development of diabetes and obesity and the response to pharmacological intervention. Still, most preclinical researchers avoid studying female rodents due to the added complexity of research plans. The consequence is a generation of data that risks being relevant to only half of the population. This is a timely moment to publish a book on sex differences in diseases as NIH leadership has asked scientists to consider sex as a biological variable in preclinical research, to ensure that women get the same benefit of medical research as men.
Author : Vincenza Cifarelli
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889666913
Total Pages : 180 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (896 download)
Download or read book The Role of the Lymphatic System in Lipid and Energy Metabolism, and Immune Homeostasis During Obesity and Diabetes written by Vincenza Cifarelli and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-04-12 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (136 download)
Download or read book Metabolism and Immune Tolerance written by and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historically the study of the immune system and metabolism have been two very separate fields. In recent years, a growing literature has emerged illustrating how the multiple processes of cellular metabolism are intricately linked to several aspects of immune function and development. This Research Topic covers recent progress in the field now known as "Immunometabolism" and the role of metabolism in immune tolerance. Immune tolerance is operationally defined as a state where a host's immune system is balanced such that although self-reactive lymphocytes are present, they are kept in check by immune regulation. Perturbations to this homeostasis may result in self-reactive lymphocytes gaining the upper hand and mediating auto-immune disease. Maintenance of immune tolerance involves a large cast of different cell types including effector T cells, regulatory T cells, B cells, stromal cells, dendritic cells and macrophages. Intracellular pathways and individual enzymes of metabolism have been shown to be harnessed by cells of both the adaptive and innate immune system to allow particular immune functions to be achieved. Examples include metabolic enzymes serving 'moonlighting' functions in mRNA translation, gene splicing, and kinase activation. Other examples include the requirement for de novo fatty acid synthesis for differentiation into Th17 effectors and CD8 memory T cells or products of the TCA cycle promoting pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Likewise, the availability of extracellular metabolic substrates has a large impact on the maintenance of local immune tolerance. For example, there are different requirements for glucose, glutamine and fatty acids for effector versus regulatory T cell development. Also tolerogenic dendritic cells mediate lowering of extracellular essential amino acids by their enhanced catabolism, promoting the induction of regulatory T cells. The purpose of this Research Topic is to provide an update on the current understanding of the multiple roles for metabolism in regulating the immune system.
Author : Suresh Mishra
Publisher : Humana
ISBN 13 : 9781071608043
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (8 download)
Download or read book Immunometabolism written by Suresh Mishra and published by Humana. This book was released on 2021-09-02 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This detailed book showcases the tremendous effort and progress made in developing techniques and protocols for the study of immunometabolism, and in utilizing recent technological advances for probing and manipulating adipose and immune cells, and subsequently, their functions and immunometabolic consequences. Written by experts in the field, many chapters use macrophages as a model immune cell type, due to their prominence in the innate immune system and the exhaustive study of their traits. Protocols using adipocytes, dendritic cells, and T cells as model cell lines, as well as measurement of glucose metabolism at the systemic level, have also been included. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology book series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Immunometabolism: Methods and Protocols serves as a vital guide for researchers working at the important interface of immunology and metabolism.
Author : Danai Nyasha Chagwedera
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780438778283
Total Pages : 100 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (782 download)
Download or read book The Role of the CD11c+ Cells Tsc1-mTORC1 Nutrient Sensing Pathway in Metabolic Homeostasis written by Danai Nyasha Chagwedera and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alterations in host metabolic state have been reported to drastically alter gut microbial communities and influence host immune responses. While much attention has been paid to how the gut microbiome affects immune cell response, the reverse is understudied: how do immune cells influence the gut microbiome and in turn, regulate host metabolic state? CD11c+ cells are well known for their critical role in bridging innate and adaptive immune responses and are resident cells of almost all tissues in the body. In the gut, CD11c+ cells are located in the lamina propria and have been shown to play a key role in maintaining gut immune homeostasis. The tuberous sclerosis 1---mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (Tsc1-mTORC1) pathway is a cell's major nutrient-sensing pathway and functions to assess nutrient availability and determine whether energy-intensive processes, such as protein translation, should take place. Specifically, Tsc1 is a negative regulator of mTORC1 and inhibits mTOR activity under conditions of low nutrient availability. Given this knowledge, we asked whether perturbing nutrient sensing in CD11c+ cells would alter the gut microbiome to ultimately influence host systemic metabolism. We generated CD11c Cre x Tsc1flox/flox mice (C57BL/6J background), where Tsc1 was specifically deleted in all CD11c expressing cells. Tsc1flox/flox ("control; CTRL") and CD11cCre x Tsc1 flox/flox ("knockout; KO") mice were housed under thermoneutral (30 °C) and sub-thermoneutral conditions (22 °C), and placed on normal chow diet (NCD) or high-fat diet (HFD). Weight gain, glucose and insulin sensitivity, and food intake were monitored over time. Additionally stool was collected for 16S rRNA gene sequencing. First, we determined how nutrient sensing by immune cells regulates body weight, adiposity and insulin action. Under all housing conditions, KO mice exhibited reduced weight gain as compared to CTRL mice. This decrease in body weight was not due to growth or birth defects and persisted with age. Analysis of food intake uncovered a reduction in overall food consumption. There were no differences in metabolic rate or physical activity between the groups. Interestingly, on a HFD protection from insulin resistance only occurred under thermoneutral conditions. In addition, we have investigated the microbial and immunologic mechanisms by which alterations in nutrient sensing in immune cells regulates weight gain. Flow cytometric analyses of immune cell populations in the small intestine and colon revealed differences in IgA binding. Co-housing experiments identified KO as capable of gaining weight in the presence of the CTRL mouse microbiome. Conclusions: We show that activation of nutrient sensing pathways in CD11c+ cells is sufficient to modulate systemic metabolism through alterations in the gut microbiome and that housing temperature conditions affects insulin and the microbiome. This project furthers our understanding of the role immune cells play in regulating systemic metabolism and has immediate translational implications for the treatment of metabolic disorders.
Author : Nathan Bill Talbot
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 132 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (52 download)
Download or read book Metabolic Homeostasis written by Nathan Bill Talbot and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : J. Gordon Betts
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781947172807
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (728 download)
Download or read book Anatomy and Physiology written by J. Gordon Betts and published by . This book was released on 2013-04-25 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Samantha Fowler
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789888407453
Total Pages : 618 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (74 download)
Download or read book Concepts of Biology written by Samantha Fowler and published by . This book was released on 2018-01-07 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concepts of Biology is designed for the single-semester introduction to biology course for non-science majors, which for many students is their only college-level science course. As such, this course represents an important opportunity for students to develop the necessary knowledge, tools, and skills to make informed decisions as they continue with their lives. Rather than being mired down with facts and vocabulary, the typical non-science major student needs information presented in a way that is easy to read and understand. Even more importantly, the content should be meaningful. Students do much better when they understand why biology is relevant to their everyday lives. For these reasons, Concepts of Biology is grounded on an evolutionary basis and includes exciting features that highlight careers in the biological sciences and everyday applications of the concepts at hand.We also strive to show the interconnectedness of topics within this extremely broad discipline. In order to meet the needs of today's instructors and students, we maintain the overall organization and coverage found in most syllabi for this course. A strength of Concepts of Biology is that instructors can customize the book, adapting it to the approach that works best in their classroom. Concepts of Biology also includes an innovative art program that incorporates critical thinking and clicker questions to help students understand--and apply--key concepts.
Author : Jean-Marc Cavaillon
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527338993
Total Pages : 1818 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (273 download)
Download or read book Inflammation, 4 Volume Set written by Jean-Marc Cavaillon and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-02-20 with total page 1818 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dieses Fachbuch erläutert die molekularen Grundlagen von Entzündungen, spannt den Bogen zu Infektionskrankheiten und den Zusammenhang zwischen Entzündungen und chronischen Erkrankungen, behandelt abschließend den Heilungsprozess und zeigt Therapiemöglichkeiten.
Author : Todd Leff
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 9783527629534
Total Pages : 530 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (295 download)
Download or read book Adipose Tissue in Health and Disease written by Todd Leff and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-03-19 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely and most comprehensive reference available on the topic covers all the different aspects vital in the fight against the global obesity epidemic. Following a look at adipose tissue development and morphology, the authors go on to examine its metabolic and endocrine functions and its role in disease. The final section deals with comparative and evolutionary aspects of the tissue. The result is an essential resource for cell and molecular biologists, physiologists, biochemists, pharmacologists, and those working in the pharmaceutical industry.
