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Imaging And Modeling Of Hydraulic Fractures In Crystalline Rock Via Induced Seismic Activity
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Book Synopsis Imaging and Modeling of Hydraulic Fractures in Crystalline Rock Via Induced Seismic Activity by : Peter Niemz
Download or read book Imaging and Modeling of Hydraulic Fractures in Crystalline Rock Via Induced Seismic Activity written by Peter Niemz and published by . This book was released on 2022* with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) are considered a cornerstone of future sustainable energy production. In such systems, high-pressure fluid injections break the rock to provide pathways for water to circulate in and heat up. This approach inherently induces small seismic events that, in rare cases, are felt or can even cause damage. Controlling and reducing the seismic impact of EGS is crucial for a broader public acceptance. To evaluate the applicability of hydraulic fracturing (HF) in EGS and to improve the understanding of fracturing processes and the hydromechanical relation to induced seismicity, six in-situ, meter-scale HF experiments with different injection schemes were performed under controlled conditions in crystalline rock in a depth of 410 m at the Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory (Sweden). I developed a semi-automated, full-waveform-based detection, classification, and location workflow to extract and characterize the acoustic emission (AE) activity from the continuous recordings of 11 piezoelectric AE sensors. Based on the resulting catalog of 20,000 AEs, with rupture sizes of cm to dm, I mapped and characterized the fracture growth in great detail. [...].
Book Synopsis Fluid-Induced Seismicity by : Serge A. Shapiro
Download or read book Fluid-Induced Seismicity written by Serge A. Shapiro and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-04-23 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The characterisation of fluid transport properties of rocks is one of the most important, yet difficult, challenges of reservoir geophysics, but is essential for optimal development of hydrocarbon and geothermal reservoirs. This book provides a quantitative introduction to the underlying physics, application, interpretation, and hazard aspects of fluid-induced seismicity with a particular focus on its spatio-temporal dynamics. It presents many real data examples of microseismic monitoring of hydraulic fracturing at hydrocarbon fields and of stimulations of enhanced geothermal systems. The author also covers introductory aspects of linear elasticity and poroelasticity theory, as well as elements of seismic rock physics and mechanics of earthquakes, enabling readers to develop a comprehensive understanding of the field. Fluid-Induced Seismicity is a valuable reference for researchers and graduate students working in the fields of geophysics, geology, geomechanics and petrophysics, and a practical guide for petroleum geoscientists and engineers working in the energy industry.
Book Synopsis Microseismic Imaging of Hydraulic Fracturing by : Shawn Mawell
Download or read book Microseismic Imaging of Hydraulic Fracturing written by Shawn Mawell and published by SEG Books. This book was released on 2014-01-01 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microseismic Imaging of Hydraulic Fracturing: Improved Engineering of Unconventional Shale Reservoirs (SEG Distinguished Instructor Series No. 17) covers the use of microseismic data to enhance engineering design of hydraulic fracturing and well completion. The book, which accompanies the 2014 SEG Distinguished Instructor Short Course, describes the design, acquisition, processing, and interpretation of an effective microseismic project. The text includes a tutorial of the basics of hydraulic fracturing, including the geologic and geomechanical factors that control fracture growth. In addition to practical issues associated with collecting and interpreting microseismic data, potential pitfalls and quality-control steps are discussed. Actual case studies are used to demonstrate engineering benefits and improved production through the use of microseismic monitoring. Providing a practical user guide for survey design, quality control, interpretation, and application of microseismic hydraulic fracture monitoring, this book will be of interest to geoscientists and engineers involved in development of unconventional reservoirs.
Book Synopsis Imaging the Mechanics of Hydraulic Fracturing in Naturally-fractured Reservoirs Using Induced Seismicity and Numerical Modeling by : Xueping Zhao
Download or read book Imaging the Mechanics of Hydraulic Fracturing in Naturally-fractured Reservoirs Using Induced Seismicity and Numerical Modeling written by Xueping Zhao and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Fracturing Processes and Induced Seismicity Due to the Hydraulic Fracturing of Rocks by : Bruno Miguel Gonçalves da Silva
Download or read book Fracturing Processes and Induced Seismicity Due to the Hydraulic Fracturing of Rocks written by Bruno Miguel Gonçalves da Silva and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 986 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydraulic fracturing is a method used routinely in oil and gas exploitation and in engineered geothermal systems. While used frequently, there are aspects of hydraulic fracturing, such as the propagation of the newly-created fractures and interaction between natural and newly-created fractures, which are not well understood. Since data from field hydraulic stimulations may be difficult to obtain and interpret, laboratory testing and numerical modeling play a major role in understanding the hydraulically fracturing processes. A test setup was developed to simultaneously apply a vertical stress to rock specimens and a hydraulic pressure to pre-cut flaws with various geometries, leading to the initiation and propagation of new cracks. The test setup allowed one to obtain high-resolution and high-speed video images of the hydraulic fracturing processes and to monitor acoustic emissions in Barre granite specimens subjected to constant vertical stresses of 0 or 5 MPa. The imaging data were used to determine the mechanisms of development of the visible fractures produced during the tests. The acoustic emission data were used to estimate the mechanisms responsible for the development of micro-cracks. In order to understand the fracturing behavior of the hydraulically loaded rock specimens, particularly the effect of the ratio between the water pressure applied in the flaws (WP) and the vertical load applied to the specimen (VL), a finite element analysis was performed using the same loading conditions of the experiments. The experiments showed that most visible cracks observed were tensile and that the patterns of the hydraulic fractures produced were strongly dependent on the vertical load applied. They also showed that the water pressure necessary to propagate fractures is dependent on the vertical load and on the flaw geometry. The numerical analysis showed that the ratio WP/VL plays a crucial role in the magnitude and shape of the stress field around a flaw tip, and therefore in the location of tensile and shear fracture initiation. The study of micro-seismic events indicated that tensile and shear micro-cracks frequently developed before visible tensile cracks in the tests with no and 5 MPa of vertical load, respectively. The results presented improve the knowledge of the physical processes involved in the hydraulic fracturing of rocks.
Book Synopsis Discrete Fracture Network Modeling of Hydraulic Stimulation by : Mark W. McClure
Download or read book Discrete Fracture Network Modeling of Hydraulic Stimulation written by Mark W. McClure and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-15 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discrete Fracture Network Modeling of Hydraulic Stimulation describes the development and testing of a model that couples fluid-flow, deformation, friction weakening, and permeability evolution in large, complex two-dimensional discrete fracture networks. The model can be used to explore the behavior of hydraulic stimulation in settings where matrix permeability is low and preexisting fractures play an important role, such as Enhanced Geothermal Systems and gas shale. Used also to describe pure shear stimulation, mixed-mechanism stimulation, or pure opening-mode stimulation. A variety of novel techniques to ensure efficiency and realistic model behavior are implemented, and tested. The simulation methodology can also be used as an efficient method for directly solving quasistatic fracture contact problems. Results show how stresses induced by fracture deformation during stimulation directly impact the mechanism of propagation and the resulting fracture network.
Book Synopsis Rock Fractures and Fluid Flow by : National Research Council
Download or read book Rock Fractures and Fluid Flow written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1996-08-27 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific understanding of fluid flow in rock fracturesâ€"a process underlying contemporary earth science problems from the search for petroleum to the controversy over nuclear waste storageâ€"has grown significantly in the past 20 years. This volume presents a comprehensive report on the state of the field, with an interdisciplinary viewpoint, case studies of fracture sites, illustrations, conclusions, and research recommendations. The book addresses these questions: How can fractures that are significant hydraulic conductors be identified, located, and characterized? How do flow and transport occur in fracture systems? How can changes in fracture systems be predicted and controlled? Among other topics, the committee provides a geomechanical understanding of fracture formation, reviews methods for detecting subsurface fractures, and looks at the use of hydraulic and tracer tests to investigate fluid flow. The volume examines the state of conceptual and mathematical modeling, and it provides a useful framework for understanding the complexity of fracture changes that occur during fluid pumping and other engineering practices. With a practical and multidisciplinary outlook, this volume will be welcomed by geologists, petroleum geologists, geoengineers, geophysicists, hydrologists, researchers, educators and students in these fields, and public officials involved in geological projects.
Book Synopsis Modelling Rock Fracturing Processes by : Baotang Shen
Download or read book Modelling Rock Fracturing Processes written by Baotang Shen and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-05-06 with total page 579 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the second edition of the well-known textbook Modelling Rock Fracturing Processes. The new and extended edition provides the theoretical background of rock fracture mechanics used for modelling of 2-D and 3-D geomechanics problems and processes. Fundamentals of rock fracture mechanics integrated with experimental studies of rock fracturing processes are highlighted. The computer programs FRACOD 2D and 3D are used to analyse fracture initiation and propagation for the three fracture modes: Mode I, II and III. Coupled fracture modelling with other continuous and distinct element codes including FLAC, PFC, RFPA, TOUGH are also described. A series of applications of fracture modelling with importance for modern society is presented and discussed by distinguished rock fracture modelling experts.
Book Synopsis Mechanics of Hydraulic Fracturing by : Xi Zhang
Download or read book Mechanics of Hydraulic Fracturing written by Xi Zhang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-12-15 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mechanics of Hydraulic Fracturing Comprehensive single-volume reference work providing an overview of experimental results and predictive methods for hydraulic fracture growth in rocks Mechanics of Hydraulic Fracturing: Experiment, Model, and Monitoring provides a summary of the research in mechanics of hydraulic fractures during the past two decades, plus new research trends to look for in the future. The book covers the contributions from theory, modeling, and experimentation, including the application of models to reservoir stimulation, mining preconditioning, and the formation of geological structures. The four expert editors emphasize the variety of diverse methods and tools in hydraulic fracturing and help the reader understand hydraulic fracture mechanics in complex geological situations. To aid in reader comprehension, practical examples of new approaches and methods are presented throughout the book. Key topics covered in the book include: Prediction of fracture shapes, sizes, and distributions in sedimentary basins, plus their importance in petroleum industry Real-time monitoring methods, such as micro-seismicity and trace tracking How to uncover geometries of fractures like dikes and veins Fracture growth of individual foundations and its applications Researchers and professionals working in the field of fluid-driven fracture growth will find immense value in this comprehensive reference on hydraulic fracturing mechanics.
Book Synopsis Modeling and Characterization of Hydraulic Stimulation and Induced Seismicity in Geothermal and Shale Gas Reservoirs by : Mark William McClure
Download or read book Modeling and Characterization of Hydraulic Stimulation and Induced Seismicity in Geothermal and Shale Gas Reservoirs written by Mark William McClure and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The classical concept of hydraulic fracturing is that large, wing-shaped tensile fractures propagate away from the wellbore. However, in low matrix permeability settings such as Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) and gas shale, hydraulic fracturing creates complex networks that may contain both newly formed fractures and stimulated natural fractures. In this research, the overall approach has been to integrate field observations, laboratory observations, and understanding of fundamental physical processes into computational modeling that is specifically designed for complex hydraulic fracturing and to apply the modeling to develop deeper understanding and to solve practical problems. A computational model was developed that coupled fluid flow, stresses induced by fracture opening and sliding, transmissivity coupling to deformation, friction evolution, and fracture propagation in two-dimensional discrete fracture networks. The model is efficient enough to simulate networks with thousands of fractures. A variety of novel techniques were developed to enable the model to be accurate, efficient, realistic, and convergent to discretization refinement in time and space. Testing demonstrated that simulation results are affected profoundly by the stresses induced by fracture deformation, justifying the considerable effort required to include these stresses in the model. Four conceptual models were formulated that represent the main hypotheses about stimulation mechanism from the literature of hydraulic fracturing. We refer to the stimulation mechanisms as Pure Opening Mode (POM), Pure Shear Stimulation (PSS), Mixed-Mechanism Stimulation (MMS), and Primary Fracturing with Shear Stimulation Leakoff (PFSSL). Computational models were used to investigate the properties of each mechanism. Geological factors that affect stimulation mechanism were identified. Techniques for diagnosing stimulation mechanism were devised that incorporate interpretation of bottom hole pressure during injection, shut-in, and production, microseismic relocations, and wellbore image logs. A Tendency to Shear Stimulation (TSS) test was proposed as a way to help diagnose the mechanism by unambiguously measuring a formation's ability to experience shear stimulation. Modeling results suggested several potential sources for error in estimation of the least principal stress in low matrix permeability settings. The Crack-like Shear Stimulation (CSS) mechanism was identified as a potentially important physical process that may control the spreading of shear stimulation through the interaction of fluid flow, deformation, and slip-transmissivity coupling. The computational model also has the capability to couple fluid flow with rate and state earthquake simulation. The model was used to investigate the interaction of fluid flow, permeability evolution, and induced seismicity during injection into a single large fault. Using the model, a variety of observations about induced seismicity in EGS were explained. Producing fluid back after injection and gradually reducing injection pressure during stimulation were identified as strategies for minimizing induced seismicity. A review of historical EGS projects demonstrated that the severity of induced seismicity has been correlated to the degree of brittle fault zone development in the interval of injection. The fracture networks at each project were categorized along a continuum from thick, porous fault zones to thin cracks. Observations from specific EGS projects fell across the full continuum, a result that has implications not only for induced seismicity, but for fractured reservoirs in general. A pressure transient analysis was performed using data from the EGS project at Soultz-sous-Forêts. At Soultz, fluid injection induced slip and transmissivity enhancement in large fault zones. The pressure transient analysis showed that these fault zones are best described as slabs of single porosity, single permeability material. Evidence of dual porosity behavior was not found.
Book Synopsis Mechanical and Hydraulic Properties of Rocks Related to Induced Seismicity by : Paul A. Witherspoon
Download or read book Mechanical and Hydraulic Properties of Rocks Related to Induced Seismicity written by Paul A. Witherspoon and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mechanical and hydraulic properties of fractured rocks are considered with regard to the role they play in induced seismicity. In many cases, the mechanical properties of fractures determine the stability of a rock mass. The problems of sampling and testing these rock discontinuities and interpreting their non-linear behavior are reviewed. Stick slip has been proposed as the failure mechanism in earthquake events. Because of the complex interactions that are inherent in the mechanical behavior of fractured rocks, there seems to be no simple way to combine the deformation characteristics of several sets of fractures when there are significant perturbations of existing conditions. Thus, the more important fractures must be treated as individual components in the rock mass. In considering the hydraulic properties, it has been customary to treat a fracture as a parallel-plate conduit and a number of mathematical models of fracture systems have adopted this approach. Non-steady flow in fractured systems has usually been based on a two-porosity model, which assumes the primary (intergranular) porosity contributes only to storage and the secondary (fracture) porosity contributes only to the overall conductivity. Using such a model, it has been found that the time required to achieve quasi-steady state flow in a fractured reservoir is one or two orders of magnitude greater than it is in a homogeneous system. In essentially all of this work, the assumption has generally been made that the fractures are rigid. However, it is clear from a review of the mechanical and hydraulic properties that not only are fractures easily deformed but they constitute the main flow paths in many rock masses. This means that one must consider the interaction of mechanical and hydraulic effects. A considerable amount of laboratory and field data is now available that clearly demonstrates this stress-flow behavior. Two approaches have been used in attempting to numerically model such behavior: (1) continuum models and (2) discrete models. The continuum approach only needs information as to average values of fracture spacing and material properties. But because of the inherent complexity of fractured rock masses and the corresponding decrease in symmetry, it is difficult to develop an equivalent continuum that will simulate the behavior of the entire system. The discrete approach, on the other hand, requires details of the fracture geometry and material properties of both fractures and rock matrix. The difficulty in obtaining such information has been considered a serious limitation of discrete models, but improved borehole techniques can enable one to obtain the necessary data, at least in shallow systems. The possibility of extending these methods to deeper fracture systems needs more investigation. Such data must be considered when deciding whether to use a continuum or discrete model to represent the interaction of rock and fluid forces in a fractured rock system, especially with regard to the problem of induced seismicity. When one is attempting to alter the pressure distribution in a fault zone by injection or withdrawal of fluids, the extent to which this can be achieved will be controlled in large measure by the behavior of the fractures that communicate with the borehole. Since this is essentially a point phenomena, i.e. the changes will propagate from a relatively small region around the borehole, the use of a discrete model would appear to be preferable.
Book Synopsis Unconventional Reservoir Geomechanics by : Mark D. Zoback
Download or read book Unconventional Reservoir Geomechanics written by Mark D. Zoback and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-05-16 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive overview of the key geologic, geomechanical and engineering principles that govern the development of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs. Covering hydrocarbon-bearing formations, horizontal drilling, reservoir seismology and environmental impacts, this is an invaluable resource for geologists, geophysicists and reservoir engineers.
Book Synopsis Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical Coupling in Fractured Rock by : Hans-Joachim Kümpel
Download or read book Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical Coupling in Fractured Rock written by Hans-Joachim Kümpel and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: (4). The next three papers extend these views by taking a closer look on parameters that govern hydraulic diffusivity in sandstones and other types of rocks. Specific targets addressed are the influence of differential stress on permeability (5), imaging of the fracture geometry (6), and pressure induced variations in the pore geometry (7). Contributions no. 8 to 10 cover investigations of permeability-porosity relationships during rock evolution (8), of the formation, propagation, and roughness of fractures in a plexi-glass block (9), and pressure oscillation effects of two-phase flow under controlled conditions (10). The subsequent four articles focus on diverse modeling approaches. Issues considered are how the geometry and the mechanical behavior of fractures can be characterized by mathematical expressions (11), how the evolution of permeability in a microcracking rock can be expressed by an analytical model (12), deviations from the cubic law for a fracture of varying aperture (13), and the numerical simulation of scale effects in flow through fractures (14). Three further papers refer to in situ observations, being related to topics as the assessment of in situ permeability from the spatio temporal distribution of an aftershock sequence (15), to the scale dependence of hydraulic pathways in crystalline rock (16), and to the significance of pore pressure - stress coupling in deep tunnels and galleries (17).
Book Synopsis Numerical Simulation in Hydraulic Fracturing: Multiphysics Theory and Applications by : Xinpu Shen
Download or read book Numerical Simulation in Hydraulic Fracturing: Multiphysics Theory and Applications written by Xinpu Shen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-03-27 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The expansion of unconventional petroleum resources in the recent decade and the rapid development of computational technology have provided the opportunity to develop and apply 3D numerical modeling technology to simulate the hydraulic fracturing of shale and tight sand formations. This book presents 3D numerical modeling technologies for hydraulic fracturing developed in recent years, and introduces solutions to various 3D geomechanical problems related to hydraulic fracturing. In the solution processes of the case studies included in the book, fully coupled multi-physics modeling has been adopted, along with innovative computational techniques, such as submodeling. In practice, hydraulic fracturing is an essential project component in shale gas/oil development and tight sand oil, and provides an essential measure in the process of drilling cuttings reinjection (CRI). It is also an essential measure for widened mud weight window (MWW) when drilling through naturally fractured formations; the process of hydraulic plugging is a typical application of hydraulic fracturing. 3D modeling and numerical analysis of hydraulic fracturing is essential for the successful development of tight oil/gas formations: it provides accurate solutions for optimized stage intervals in a multistage fracking job. It also provides optimized well-spacing for the design of zipper-frac wells. Numerical estimation of casing integrity under stimulation injection in the hydraulic fracturing process is one of major concerns in the successful development of unconventional resources. This topic is also investigated numerically in this book. Numerical solutions to several other typical geomechanics problems related to hydraulic fracturing, such as fluid migration caused by fault reactivation and seismic activities, are also presented. This book can be used as a reference textbook to petroleum, geotechnical and geothermal engineers, to senior undergraduate, graduate and postgraduate students, and to geologists, hydrogeologists, geophysicists and applied mathematicians working in this field. This book is also a synthetic compendium of both the fundamentals and some of the most advanced aspects of hydraulic fracturing technology.
Book Synopsis Imaging of Reservoirs and Fracture Systems Using Microearthquakes Induced by Hydraulic Injections by :
Download or read book Imaging of Reservoirs and Fracture Systems Using Microearthquakes Induced by Hydraulic Injections written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Predicting the future performance of a geothermal reservoir and planning a strategy for increasing productivity from the reservoir require an intimate knowledge of the fracture system through which geothermal fluids permeate. Microearthquakes often accompany hydraulic fracturing as well as normal production activities in geothermal fields. The waveforms from the se microearthquakes provide valuable information that can be used to infer the three-dimensional structure of the fracture system in the reservoir. The locations of the microearthquakes can be used to infer the presence of large fractures along which shear slip has occurred. Tomographic imaging using arrival times of the seismic waves, provides a three-dimensional image of the P and S wave velocity structure of the reservoir. These velocities yield information about the presence of microfractures in the rock. Waveform stacking methods can be used to both corroborate seismic velocities and image seismic scatters in the reservoir. The most prominent seismic scatters are likely to be fluid-filled fractures. Thus, seismic data provide information about a fractures over a large scale range which can be of use in reservoir engineering. 32 refs., 4 figs.
Book Synopsis Hydraulic Fracture Modeling by : Yu-Shu Wu
Download or read book Hydraulic Fracture Modeling written by Yu-Shu Wu and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2017-11-30 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydraulic Fracture Modeling delivers all the pertinent technology and solutions in one product to become the go-to source for petroleum and reservoir engineers. Providing tools and approaches, this multi-contributed reference presents current and upcoming developments for modeling rock fracturing including their limitations and problem-solving applications. Fractures are common in oil and gas reservoir formations, and with the ongoing increase in development of unconventional reservoirs, more petroleum engineers today need to know the latest technology surrounding hydraulic fracturing technology such as fracture rock modeling. There is tremendous research in the area but not all located in one place. Covering two types of modeling technologies, various effective fracturing approaches and model applications for fracturing, the book equips today's petroleum engineer with an all-inclusive product to characterize and optimize today's more complex reservoirs. - Offers understanding of the details surrounding fracturing and fracture modeling technology, including theories and quantitative methods - Provides academic and practical perspective from multiple contributors at the forefront of hydraulic fracturing and rock mechanics - Provides today's petroleum engineer with model validation tools backed by real-world case studies
Book Synopsis Induced Seismicity Potential in Energy Technologies by : National Research Council
Download or read book Induced Seismicity Potential in Energy Technologies written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-08-14 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past several years, some energy technologies that inject or extract fluid from the Earth, such as oil and gas development and geothermal energy development, have been found or suspected to cause seismic events, drawing heightened public attention. Although only a very small fraction of injection and extraction activities among the hundreds of thousands of energy development sites in the United States have induced seismicity at levels noticeable to the public, understanding the potential for inducing felt seismic events and for limiting their occurrence and impacts is desirable for state and federal agencies, industry, and the public at large. To better understand, limit, and respond to induced seismic events, work is needed to build robust prediction models, to assess potential hazards, and to help relevant agencies coordinate to address them. Induced Seismicity Potential in Energy Technologies identifies gaps in knowledge and research needed to advance the understanding of induced seismicity; identify gaps in induced seismic hazard assessment methodologies and the research to close those gaps; and assess options for steps toward best practices with regard to energy development and induced seismicity potential.
