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Ice Microdynamics
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Download or read book Ice Microdynamics written by Pao K. Wang and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2002-09-06 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atmospheric ice particles play crucial roles in cloud and storm dynamics, atmospheric chemistry, climatological processes, and other atmospheric processes. Ice Microdynamics introduces the elementary physics and dynamics of atmospheric ice particles in clouds; subsequent sections explain their formation from water vapor, why ice crystal shape and concentration in cirrus clouds influence the heating of air, and describe how ice crystals cleanse the atmosphere by scavenging aerosol particles. Pao Wang's lucid writing style will appeal to atmospheric scientists, climatologists, and meteorologists with an interest in understanding the role of ice particles in the atmosphere of our planet.
Book Synopsis Microdynamics of Ice by : Daniel Köhn
Download or read book Microdynamics of Ice written by Daniel Köhn and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Dynamics of Snow and Ice Masses by : Samuel C. Colbeck
Download or read book Dynamics of Snow and Ice Masses written by Samuel C. Colbeck and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dynamics of Snow and Ice Masses ...
Download or read book Advances in Geophysics written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2002-08-21 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Geophysics Volume 45 presents two main topics of noted interest to the geophysical community. The first topic is ice particles in the atmosphere. Mathematical descriptions of ice particle shapes, their growth rates, and their influence on cloud development are presented. The second topic is earthquakes and seismological mapping. The authors present their research involving predicting the location and intensity of earthquakes.
Book Synopsis The Drift of Sea Ice by : Matti Leppäranta
Download or read book The Drift of Sea Ice written by Matti Leppäranta and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-03-22 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Second Edition of The Drift of Sea Ice presents the fundamental laws of sea ice drift which come from the material properties of sea ice and the basic laws of mechanics. The resulting system of equations is analysed for the general properties of sea ice drift, the free drift model and analytical models for ice drift in the presence of internal friction, and the construction of numerical ice drift models is detailed. This second edition of a much lauded work, unique on this topic in the English language, has been revised, updated and expanded with much new information and outlines recent results, in particular in relation to the climate problem, mathematical modelling and ice engineering applications. The current book presents the theory, observations, mathematical modelling techniques, and applications of sea ice drift science. The theory is presented from the beginning on a graduate student level, so that students and researchers coming from other fields such as physical oceanography, meteorology, physics, engineering, environmental sciences or geography can use the book as a source book or self-study material. First the drift ice material is presented ending with the concept of ‘ice state’ – the relevant properties in sea ice dynamics. Ice kinematics observations are widely presented with the mathematical analysis methods, and thereafter come drift ice rheology – to close the triangle material – kinematics – stress. The momentum equation of sea ice is derived in detail and its general properties are carefully analysed. Then follow two chapters on analytical models: free drift and drift in the presence of internal friction: These are very important tools in understanding the dynamical behaviour of sea ice. The last topical chapter is numerical models, which are the modern tool to solve ice dynamics problem in short term and long term problems. The closing chapter summarises sea ice dynamics applications and the need of sea ice dynamic knowledge and gives some final remarks on the future of this branch of science.
Book Synopsis IUTAM Symposium on Scaling Laws in Ice Mechanics and Ice Dynamics by : J.P. Dempsey
Download or read book IUTAM Symposium on Scaling Laws in Ice Mechanics and Ice Dynamics written by J.P. Dempsey and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-18 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Volume constitutes the Proceedings of the IUTAM Symposium on 'Scaling Laws in Ice Mechanics and Ice Dynamics', held in Fairbanks, Alaska from 13th to 16th of June 2000. Ice mechanics deals with essentially intact ice: in this discipline, descriptions of the motion and deformation of Arctic/ Antarctic and river/lake ice call for the development of physically based constitutive and fracture models over an enormous range in scale: 0.01 m - 10 km. Ice dynamics, on the other hand, deals with the movement of broken ice: descriptions of an aggregate of ice floes call for accurate modeling of momentum transfer through the sea/ice system, again over an enormous range in scale: 1 km (floe scale) - 500 km (basin scale). For ice mechanics, the emphasis on lab-scale (0.01 - 0.5 m) research con trasts with applications at the scale of order 1 km (ice-structure interaction, icebreaking); many important upscaling questions remain to be explored.
Download or read book Ice Dynamics written by William D. Hibler and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph reviews essential aspects of sea ice dynamics on the geophysical scale and discusses the role of ice dynamics in air-sea-ice interaction. The review is divided into the following components: (a) a discussion of the momentum balance describing ice drift, (b) an examination of the nature of sea ice rheology on the geophysical scale, (c) an analysis of the relationship between ice strength and ice thickness characteristics, and (d) a discussion of the rle of ice dynamices in the atmosphere-ice-ocean system. Because of the unique, highly nonlinear nature of sea-ice interaction, special attention is given to the ramifications of ice interaction on sea ice motion and deformation. These ramifications are illustrated both by analytic solution and by numerical model results. In addition, the role of ice dynamics in the atmosphere-ice-ocean system is discussed in light of numerical modeling experiments, including a fully coupled ice-ocean model of the Arctic-Greenland-Norwegian seas.
Book Synopsis Dynamic Young's Modulus and Flexural Strength of Sea Ice by : Guenther E. Frankenstein
Download or read book Dynamic Young's Modulus and Flexural Strength of Sea Ice written by Guenther E. Frankenstein and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The report describes the results of tests made to determine the dynamic Young's modulus E of young sea ice. The ice samples were mainly parallelepipeds but a few were 7.62-cm-diam cores. The longitudinal wave velocity was determined by measuring the time required for a sound wave to travel the length of the sample. The flexural strength of the ice was determined by conducting a number of simple beam tests. The average value for the flexural strength was 11.3 kg/sq cm. (Author).
Book Synopsis Investigation of Ice Dynamics in the Marginal Zone by : Matti Leppäranta
Download or read book Investigation of Ice Dynamics in the Marginal Zone written by Matti Leppäranta and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modeling studies were carried through with three types of ice rheologies: free drift, linear viscosity, and plasticity. It is suggested that ice thickness variations may be important to the dispersion of ice edge and lead to e.g. clustering of ice floes. Analytic linear viscous solutions show that variable ice strength rather than variable forcing is likely to produce sharp changes in ice velocity near the ice edge. Steady state ideal plastic solutions give a constant ice flow under constant forcing in the MIZ. In general, ice interaction has a rectifying effect on the flow pattern. Ice kinematics measurements were made with the Del Norte microwave trisponder system in MIZEX-83 Greenland Sea experiment. Differential ice motion was measured with four stations on the ice in the scale of 5 km at three-minute intervals. On several occasions, a rapid slip occurred in measured distances. Ice velocity fluctuations were typically of the order of 1 cm/s and large deformation rates a few per cent per hour. Various spectra of differential ice drift showed a moderate inertial peak and a red noise character at higher frequencies, up to about half-hour period. The maximum rate of shear was about twice as large as divergence from 12-h to about 2-h period.
Book Synopsis Dynamics of the Coupled Ice-ocean System in the Marginal Ice Zone by : Sirpa Häkkinen
Download or read book Dynamics of the Coupled Ice-ocean System in the Marginal Ice Zone written by Sirpa Häkkinen and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study is aimed at the modelling of mesoscale processes such as up/downwelling and ice edge eddies in the marginal ice zones. A 2-dimensional coupled ice-ocean model is used for the study. The ice model is coupled to the reduced gravity ocean model (f-plane) through interfacial stresses. The constitutive equations of the sea ice are formulated on the basis of the Reiner-Rivlin theory. The internal ice stresses are important only at high ice concentrations (90-100%), otherwise the ice motion is essentially free drift, where the air-ice stress is balanced by the ice-water stress. The model was tested by studying the upwelling dynamics. Winds parallel to the ice edge with the ice on the right produce upwelling because the air-ice momentum flux is much greater than air-ocean momentum flux, and thus the Ekman transport is bigger under the ice than in the open water. The upwelling simulation was extended to include temporally varying forcing, which was chosen to vary sinusoidally with 4 day period. This forcing resembles successive cyclone passings. In the model with thin oceanic upper layer, ice bands were formed. The up/downwelling signals do not disappear in wind reversals because of nonlinear advection. This leads to convergences and divergences in oceanic and ice velocities which manifest themselves as ice banding. At least one wind reversal is needed to produce one ice band.
Book Synopsis Investigation of Ice Dynamics in the Marginal Ice Zone by : Matti Leppaeranta
Download or read book Investigation of Ice Dynamics in the Marginal Ice Zone written by Matti Leppaeranta and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The dynamics of sea ice in the marginal ice zone (MIZ) are considered both from theoretical and from experimental point of view. Ice kinematics measurements were made with the Del Norte microwave trisponder system in MIZEX-83 and MIZEX-84 Greenland Sea experiments. Differential ice motion was measured with four to six stations on the ice in the scale of 2-20 km at three minute intervals. On several occasions a rapid slip occurred in measured distances. Ice velocity fluctuations were typically of the order of 1 cm/s and large deformation rates a few per cent hour. Various spectra of differential ice drift showed a moderate inertial peak and a red noise character at higher frequencies, up to about half-hour period. The maximum rate of shear was about twice as large as divergence from 12-h to about 2-h period. Analysis of current measurements beneath the drifting ice show that current variations show up highly damped in the ice. In differential motion, ice-current coherence was significant only at low frequencies (lower than one cycle per day).
Book Synopsis Physics and Dynamics of Clouds and Precipitation by : Pao K. Wang
Download or read book Physics and Dynamics of Clouds and Precipitation written by Pao K. Wang and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New textbook on microphysics, thermodynamics and cloud-scale dynamics of clouds and precipitation, for graduate and advanced undergraduate students, researchers and professionals.
Book Synopsis The Dynamics of Ice Masses by : William Francis Budd
Download or read book The Dynamics of Ice Masses written by William Francis Budd and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Frazil Ice Dynamics by : Steven F. Daly
Download or read book Frazil Ice Dynamics written by Steven F. Daly and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To describe the dynamic evolution of frazil ice in turbulent natural water bodies, the basic equation for dynamic frazil crystal number continuity and the basic equation of heat balance for a differential volume are developed. Crystal growth and nucleation of new crystals are the major parameters in these equations. Expressions for the growth rate of frazil ice crystals are described. The growth rate along the major axis is controlled by heat transfer. The heat transfer coefficient is a function of crystal size, the fluid turbulence, and the fluid properties. The magnitude of inertial and buoyancy forces on the ice crystals are determined as is their influence on the heat transfer. Spontaneous nucleation of ice can be discounted; secondary nucleation is responsible for the vast majority of frazil ice crystals. The theoretical rate of secondary nucleation is partially modeled as a function of the supercooling, fluid turbulence and crystal size distribution. A simple analytical solution of the basic equations is developed for the growth of frazil ice in a well-mixed, steady-state crystallizer.
Book Synopsis Microdynamics Simulation by : Paul Bons
Download or read book Microdynamics Simulation written by Paul Bons and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-10-24 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A complete starting package for students and researchers of the earth science community interested in numerical modeling of microstructures. This excellent book deals with the numerical simulation of such microstructures in rocks. It starts with an introduction to existing methods and techniques for optical and electron microscopic analysis. The main part of the book contains examples of numerical modeling of processes and microstructures in rocks, using the software package "ELLE".
Book Synopsis The Drift of Sea Ice by : Matti Leppäranta
Download or read book The Drift of Sea Ice written by Matti Leppäranta and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-03-28 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Second Edition of The Drift of Sea Ice presents the fundamental laws of sea ice drift which come from the material properties of sea ice and the basic laws of mechanics. The resulting system of equations is analysed for the general properties of sea ice drift, the free drift model and analytical models for ice drift in the presence of internal friction, and the construction of numerical ice drift models is detailed. This second edition of a much lauded work, unique on this topic in the English language, has been revised, updated and expanded with much new information and outlines recent results, in particular in relation to the climate problem, mathematical modelling and ice engineering applications. The current book presents the theory, observations, mathematical modelling techniques, and applications of sea ice drift science. The theory is presented from the beginning on a graduate student level, so that students and researchers coming from other fields such as physical oceanography, meteorology, physics, engineering, environmental sciences or geography can use the book as a source book or self-study material. First the drift ice material is presented ending with the concept of ‘ice state’ – the relevant properties in sea ice dynamics. Ice kinematics observations are widely presented with the mathematical analysis methods, and thereafter come drift ice rheology – to close the triangle material – kinematics – stress. The momentum equation of sea ice is derived in detail and its general properties are carefully analysed. Then follow two chapters on analytical models: free drift and drift in the presence of internal friction: These are very important tools in understanding the dynamical behaviour of sea ice. The last topical chapter is numerical models, which are the modern tool to solve ice dynamics problem in short term and long term problems. The closing chapter summarises sea ice dynamics applications and the need of sea ice dynamic knowledge and gives some final remarks on the future of this branch of science.
Book Synopsis Physics and Chemistry of Ice by : Werner F. Kuhs
Download or read book Physics and Chemistry of Ice written by Werner F. Kuhs and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2007 with total page 721 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physics and Chemistry of Ice is an authoritative summary of state-of the-art research contributions from the world's leading scientists. A key selection of submissions from to the 11th International Conference on the Physics and Chemistry of Ice, 2006 are presented here with a foreword by Werner F. Kuhs. An invaluable resource, this book provides researchers and professionals with up-to-date coverage on a wide range of areas in ice science including: " Spectroscopic and diffraction studies " Molecular dynamics simulations " Studies of ice mechanics " Quantum mechanical ab initio calculations " Ice and hydrate crystal growth and inhibition studies " Bulk and surface properties of ice and gas hydrates " Snow physics and chemistry This insight into topical aspects of ice research is a key point of reference for physicists, chemists, galciologists, cryo-biologists and professionals working in the fields of ice and hydrogen bonding. The Editor Werner F. Kuhs is a Professor of Crystallography at the University of G÷ttingen, Germany and has a career spanning 25 years of research in the field of water ices and gas hydrates using diffraction methods, neutron and Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force and molecular dynamics simulations. He was the Chair of the 11th International Conference on the Physics and Chemistry of Ice.
