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Hyperbranched Polyesters For Polyurethane Coatings Their Preparation Structure And Crosslinking With Polyisocyanates
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Book Synopsis Hyperbranched Polyesters for Polyurethane Coatings: Their Preparation, Structure and Crosslinking with Polyisocyanates by :
Download or read book Hyperbranched Polyesters for Polyurethane Coatings: Their Preparation, Structure and Crosslinking with Polyisocyanates written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this work, hyperbranched aromatic polyesters-polyphenols based on 4,4-bis(4' hydroxyƠphenyl)pentanoic acid (BHPPA) were prepared and, according to the authors knowledge, for the first time tested as precursors for polyurethane bulk resins and coatings. Comparison of poly-BHPPA with competing products The materials prepared in this work show better properties than their aliphatic polyester-polyol analoga based on 2,2-bis-(hydroxymethyl)propanoic acid (BHMPA). Especially, the solubility of poly-BHPPA in organic solvents is better and poly-BHPPAs also do not tend to microphase separation during their reaction with isocyanates, in contrast to poly-BHMPAs. The poly-BHPPA and the polyurethane networks made from them display higher Tg values than analogous poly- BHMPA compounds. Because of the high Tg of the reacting and final systems, curing must occur at elevated temperatures (90°C) in order to avoid undercure. The lower reactivity of phenolic OH groups prevents the reaction from being too fast at that temperature. A drawback of the polyurethanes based on the aromatic polyesters-polyols prepared is the lower thermal stability of their urethane bonds, if compared to aliphatic urethanes. An interesting possibility for future investigations would be the modification of the BHPPA monomer in order to change the OH functionality from phenolic to aliphatic OH, e.g. by replacement of the phenolic OH by hydroxymethyl or hydroxyethyl groups (requires a strong modification of the monomer synthesis) or simpler by reacting the phenolic OH of BHPPA with a suitable reagent like oxirane, which would lead to groups like O-CH2-CH2-OH in the place of the phenolic OH. Such a BHPPA modification should in turn yield modified "poly-BHPPA" polycondensates, which would combine the advantages of poly-BHPPA with those of aliphatic OH precursors of polyurethanes. Poly-BHPPA synthesis Hyperbranched polymers of the 4,4-bis-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)pentanoic acid (BHPPA) were synthesized successfully by t.
Book Synopsis Hyperbranched Polyesters for Polyurethane Coatings: Their Preparation, Structure and Crosslinking with Polyisocyanates by :
Download or read book Hyperbranched Polyesters for Polyurethane Coatings: Their Preparation, Structure and Crosslinking with Polyisocyanates written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this work, hyperbranched aromatic polyesters-polyphenols based on 4,4-bis(4' hydroxyƠphenyl)pentanoic acid (BHPPA) were prepared and, according to the authors knowledge, for the first time tested as precursors for polyurethane bulk resins and coatings. Comparison of poly-BHPPA with competing products The materials prepared in this work show better properties than their aliphatic polyester-polyol analoga based on 2,2-bis-(hydroxymethyl)propanoic acid (BHMPA). Especially, the solubility of poly-BHPPA in organic solvents is better and poly-BHPPAs also do not tend to microphase separation during their reaction with isocyanates, in contrast to poly-BHMPAs. The poly-BHPPA and the polyurethane networks made from them display higher Tg values than analogous poly- BHMPA compounds. Because of the high Tg of the reacting and final systems, curing must occur at elevated temperatures (90°C) in order to avoid undercure. The lower reactivity of phenolic OH groups prevents the reaction from being too fast at that temperature. A drawback of the polyurethanes based on the aromatic polyesters-polyols prepared is the lower thermal stability of their urethane bonds, if compared to aliphatic urethanes. An interesting possibility for future investigations would be the modification of the BHPPA monomer in order to change the OH functionality from phenolic to aliphatic OH, e.g. by replacement of the phenolic OH by hydroxymethyl or hydroxyethyl groups (requires a strong modification of the monomer synthesis) or simpler by reacting the phenolic OH of BHPPA with a suitable reagent like oxirane, which would lead to groups like O-CH2-CH2-OH in the place of the phenolic OH. Such a BHPPA modification should in turn yield modified "poly-BHPPA" polycondensates, which would combine the advantages of poly-BHPPA with those of aliphatic OH precursors of polyurethanes. Poly-BHPPA synthesis Hyperbranched polymers of the 4,4-bis-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)pentanoic acid (BHPPA) were synthesized successfully by t.
Book Synopsis Polyurethane Polymers: Blends and Interpenetrating Polymer Networks by : Sabu Thomas
Download or read book Polyurethane Polymers: Blends and Interpenetrating Polymer Networks written by Sabu Thomas and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-08-15 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polyurethane Polymers: Blends and Interpenetrating Networks deals with almost all aspects of blends and IPNs formed by polyurethane, including the thermal, mechanical, morphological, and viscoelastic properties of each blend presented in the book. In addition, major applications related to these blends and IPNs are mentioned. - Provides an elaborate coverage of the chemistry of polyurethane, including its synthesis and properties - Includes available characterization techniques - Relates types of polyurethanes to their potential properties - Discusses blends options
Book Synopsis Polyurethane Chemistry by : Ram K. Gupta
Download or read book Polyurethane Chemistry written by Ram K. Gupta and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book is about Polyurethane Chemistry: Renewable Polyols and Isocyanates"--
Book Synopsis Correlation Between Composition, Preparation and Properties of Cross-linked Polyurethanes by : V. P. Kuznetsova
Download or read book Correlation Between Composition, Preparation and Properties of Cross-linked Polyurethanes written by V. P. Kuznetsova and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Linear Polyurethanes by : Piotr Krol
Download or read book Linear Polyurethanes written by Piotr Krol and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2008-03-27 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume describes in detail the mechanisms of the diisocyanates and polyols polyaddition process as well as its kinetic and process aspects important for obtaining linear polyurethanes. General kinetics of the process and its experimental verification, using GPC chromatography as well as NMR spectroscopy and MALDI-ToF spectrometry, are presente
Book Synopsis Biopolymers and Biotech Admixtures for Eco-Efficient Construction Materials by : Fernando Pacheco-Torgal
Download or read book Biopolymers and Biotech Admixtures for Eco-Efficient Construction Materials written by Fernando Pacheco-Torgal and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2016-01-11 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 1930 more than 100,000 new chemical compounds have been developed and insufficient information exists on the health assessment of 95 percent of these chemicals in which a relevant percentage are used in construction products. For instance Portland cement concrete, the most used material on the Planet (10.000 million tons/year that in the next 40 years will increase around 100 %) currently used in around 15% of total concrete production contains chemicals used to modify their properties, either in the fresh or hardened state. Biopolymers are materials that are developed from natural resources. They reduce dependence on fossil fuels and reduce carbon dioxide emissions. There is a worldwide demand to replace petroleum-based materials with renewable resources. Currently bio-admixtures represent just a small fraction of the chemical admixtures market (around 20%) but with environmental awareness for constituents in construction materials generally growing (the Construction Products Regulation is being enforced in Europe since 2013), the trend towards bio-admixtures is expected to continue. This book provides an updated state-of-the-art review on biopolymers and their influence and use as admixtures in the development of eco-efficient construction materials. - Provides essential knowledge for researchers and producers working on the development of biopolymer-modified construction materials - Discusses the various types of biopolymers currently available, their different production techniques, their use as bio-admixtures in concretes and mortars and applications in other areas of civil engineering such as soil stability, wood preservation, adhesives and coatings - All contributions are made from leading researchers, who have intensive involvement in the design and use of biopolymers in construction materials
Book Synopsis Towards Sugar- and Lignin-based Polyesters and Polyurethanes with Enhanced Properties by : Niklas Warlin
Download or read book Towards Sugar- and Lignin-based Polyesters and Polyurethanes with Enhanced Properties written by Niklas Warlin and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The enormous production and consumption of fossil-based plastics has caused severe environmental challenges such as pollution of the ocean, increased CO2-emissions, and various health problems. Many of these concerns are intimately connected to the use of fossil fuels in the production of polymers. For this reason, there is a considerable interest to develop bio-based monomers to mitigate some of the issues connected to fossil-based plastics. However, new bio-based monomers are often expensive and need some material advantages to facilitate their market entry. In this context, we have designed several new monomers by converting bio-based molecules such as 5-chloromethylfurfural (CMF), 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and vanillin into rigid diols for polyester and polyurethane synthesis. This thesis has been divided into 5 chapters describing the most important findings from each underlying project. In Chapter 1 and 2, HMF was reacted with pentaerythritol and di(trimethylolpropane) to make two rigid diols with cyclic acetal structures. The monomer made from HMF and pentaerythritol was predicted to have an exceptionally low carbon footprint according to our LCA calculations. These diols were further used to synthesize a series of polyesters and polyurethanes with increased glass transition temperatures. Polyurethane synthesis was deemed more suitable for this type of monomers, since degradation occurred at the high temperatures required for polyester synthesis. The obtained polyurethanes were used to prepare coatings and textile fibers. Furthermore, the cyclic acetal structure of the monomers enabled chemical recycling under acidic conditions. In Chapter 3, HMF was produced in a continuous process from fructose, using water and dimethylcarbonate (DMC) in a biphasic system. Both yield and conversion were excellent, demonstrating the utility of DMC for HMF synthesis. The HMF synthesized by this method was sufficiently pure for preparation of the monomers in Chapters 1 and 2 in comparable yields to commercial HMF. In Chapter 4, three rigid diols were prepared from CMF and various lignin-based monomeric aldehydes including 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, vanillin and syringaldehyde. The diol made from vanillin and CMF was used to prepare a series of thermoplastic polyurethanes with increased glass transition temperatures. The polymers were then cross-linked with DielsAlder chemistry, which could be reversed at higher temperature. This may facilitate its reprocessing and recycling. In Chapter 5, two rigid monomers were produced from potentially lignin-derived phenols, and used to prepare a series of polyesters with tunable thermal properties. The polymers could potentially be chemically recycled by acid hydrolysis.
Book Synopsis Polyurethane Elastomers by : C. Hepburn
Download or read book Polyurethane Elastomers written by C. Hepburn and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this monograph has been to distil into a single volume, in an easily read and assimilated format, the essentials of this often complex technology such that it is usable by all technical and semi-technical people who wish to become their own polyurethane and polyurethane elastomer expert.
Book Synopsis Polymer Composites with Functionalized Nanoparticles by : Krzysztof Pielichowski
Download or read book Polymer Composites with Functionalized Nanoparticles written by Krzysztof Pielichowski and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2018-09-22 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymer Composites with Functional Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications reviews the latest research in the area of polymer nanocomposites and functionalized nanoparticles, providing an introduction for those new to the field, and supporting further research and development. The book helps researchers and practitioners better understand the key role of nanoparticle functionalization for improving the compatibility of inorganic metallic nanomaterials with organic polymers, and for the fabrication of nanostructured materials with special properties. A range of nanoparticles, such as carbon nanotubes are covered, along with descriptions of the methods of functionalization to support better compatibility with polymer matrices. The book also discusses the various applications of this technology, including uses in electronics and the medical and energy industries. - Summarizes the latest research in functionalized nanoparticles for modification of polymer matrices, providing a valuable platform for further research - Includes functionalization of a range of nanoparticles for incorporation into nanocomposites, including carbon nanotubes, graphene, gold and silver, silica and clay - Provides detailed coverage of application areas, including energy, electronics, biomedical applications, and end-of-life considerations
Book Synopsis Handbook of Polymer Science and Technology by : Nicholas P. Cheremisinoff
Download or read book Handbook of Polymer Science and Technology written by Nicholas P. Cheremisinoff and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1989-07-31 with total page 804 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Polyurethanes by : Mark F. Sonnenschein
Download or read book Polyurethanes written by Mark F. Sonnenschein and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-12-29 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, cohesively written by an expert author with supreme breadth and depth of perspective on polyurethanes, provides a comprehensive overview of all aspects of the science and technology on one of the most commonly produced plastics. Covers the applications, manufacture, and markets for polyurethanes, and discusses analytical methods, reaction mechanisms, morphology, and synthetic routes Provides an up-to-date view of the current markets and trend analysis based on patent activity and updates chapters to include new research Includes two new chapters on PU recycling and PU hybrids, covering the opportunities and challenges in both
Download or read book Maro Polymer Notes written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Chemical Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 2710 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Polyurethane Elastomers by : Cristina Prisacariu
Download or read book Polyurethane Elastomers written by Cristina Prisacariu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-07-03 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive account of the physical / mechanical behaviour of polyurethanes (PU ́s) elastomers, films and blends of variable crystallinity. Aspects covered include the elasticity and inelasticity of amorphous to crystalline PUs, in relation to their sensitivity to chemical and physical structure. A study is made of how aspects of the constitutive responses of PUs vary with composition: the polyaddition procedure, the hard segment, soft segment and chain extender (diols and diamines) are varied systematically in a large number of systems of model and novel crosslinked andthermoplastic PUs. Results will be related to: microstructural changes, on the basis of evidence from x-ray scattering (SAXS and WAXS), and also dynamic mechanical analyses (DMA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and IR dichroism. Inelastic effects will be investigated also by including quantitative correlations between the magnitude of the Mullins effect and the fractional energy dissipation by hysteresis under cyclic straining, giving common relations approached by all the materials studied. A major structural feature explored is the relationship between the nature of the hard segment (crystallising or not) and that of the soft segments. Crystallinity has been sometimes observed in the commercial PUs hard phase but this is usually limited to only a few percent for most hard segment structures when solidified from the melt. One particular diisocyanate, 4,4’-dibenzyl diisocyanate (DBDI) that, in the presence of suitable chain extenders ( diols or diamines), gives rise to significant degrees of crystallinity [i-iii] and this is included in the present work. Understanding the reaction pathways involved, in resolving the subtle morphological evolution at the nanometre level, and capturing mathematically the complex, large-deformation nonlinear viscoelastic mechanical behaviour are assumed to bring new important insights in the world basic research in polyurethanes and towards applied industrial research in this area.
Book Synopsis Principles of Polymerization by : George Odian
Download or read book Principles of Polymerization written by George Odian and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2004-02-09 with total page 850 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new edition of a classic text and reference The large chains of molecules known as polymers are currently used in everything from "wash and wear" clothing to rubber tires to protective enamels and paints. Yet the practical applications of polymers are only increasing; innovations in polymer chemistry constantly bring both improved and entirely new uses for polymers onto the technological playing field. Principles of Polymerization, Fourth Edition presents the classic text on polymer synthesis, fully updated to reflect today's state of the art. New and expanded coverage in the Fourth Edition includes: * Metallocene and post-metallocene polymerization catalysts * Living polymerizations (radical, cationic, anionic) * Dendrimer, hyperbranched, brush, and other polymer architectures and assemblies * Graft and block copolymers * High-temperature polymers * Inorganic and organometallic polymers * Conducting polymers * Ring-opening polymer ization * In vivo and in vitro polymerization Appropriate for both novice and advanced students as well as professionals, this comprehensive yet accessible resource enables the reader to achieve an advanced, up-to-date understanding of polymer synthesis. Different methods of polymerization, reaction parameters for synthesis, molecular weight, branching and crosslinking, and the chemical and physical structure of polymers all receive ample coverage. A thorough discussion at the elementary level prefaces each topic, with a more advanced treatment following. Yet the language throughout remains straightforward and geared towards the student. Extensively updated, Principles of Polymerization, Fourth Edition provides an excellent textbook for today's students of polymer chemistry, chemical engineering, and materials science, as well as a current reference for the researcher or other practitioner working in these areas.
Book Synopsis Szycher's Handbook of Polyurethanes, Second Edition by : Michael Szycher, Ph.D
Download or read book Szycher's Handbook of Polyurethanes, Second Edition written by Michael Szycher, Ph.D and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-07-13 with total page 1147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A practical handbook rather than merely a chemistry reference, Szycher's Handbook of Polyurethanes, Second Edition offers an easy-to-follow compilation of crucial new information on polyurethane technology, which is irreplaceable in a wide range of applications. This new edition of a bestseller is an invaluable reference for technologists, marketers, suppliers, and academicians who require cutting-edge, commercially valuable data on the most advanced uses for polyurethane, one of the most important and complex specialty polymers. internationally recognized expert Dr. Michael Szycher updates his bestselling industry "bible" With seven entirely new chapters and five that are revised and updated, this book summarizes vital contents from U.S. patent literature—one of the most comprehensive sources of up-to-date technical information. These patents illustrate the most useful technology discovered by corporations, universities, and independent inventors. Because of the wealth of information they contain, this handbook features many full-text patents, which are carefully selected to best illustrate the complex principles involved in polyurethane chemistry and technology. Features of this landmark reference include: Hundreds of practical formulations Discussion of the polyurethane history, key terms, and commercial importance An in-depth survey of patent literature Useful stoichiometric calculations The latest "green" chemistry applications A complete assessment of medical-grade polyurethane technology Not biased toward any one supplier’s expertise, this special reference uses a simplified language and layout and provides extensive study questions after each chapter. It presents rich technical and historical descriptions of all major polyurethanes and updated sections on medical and biological applications. These features help readers better understand developmental, chemical, application, and commercial aspects of the subject.
