Hunting Down Social Darwinism

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Hunting Down Social Darwinism

Author : Stuart K. Hayashi
Publisher : Lexington Books
ISBN 13 : 073918671X
Total Pages : 421 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (391 download)

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Book Synopsis Hunting Down Social Darwinism by : Stuart K. Hayashi

Download or read book Hunting Down Social Darwinism written by Stuart K. Hayashi and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2015-02-17 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hunting Down Social Darwinism is the third and final installment in the trilogy, The Nature of Liberty. The trilogy gives a secular, ethical defense of laissez-faire capitalism, inspired by Ayn Rand’s ideas. The trilogy’s first book, The Freedom of Peaceful Action, provided the philosophic theory behind the ethics of a free-enterprise system based on the individual rights to life, liberty, and private property which John Locke described. The second installment, Life in the Market Ecosystem, explained how free enterprise functions much as a natural ecosystem wherein behavioral norms develop, bottom-up, from repeat interactions among individual participants in the economy. As such defenses of free enterprise are frequently criticized as “social Darwinism,” however, this third and final installment of the trilogy asks the question, “What is social Darwinism?” The book embarks on a hunt for the term’s meaning, explores social Darwinism’s beginnings, and examines whether it is fair to describe such nineteenth-century free-market advocates as Herbert Spencer and William Graham Sumner as social Darwinists. It then addresses the accusation that the free-market Darwinism commonly ascribed to Spencer and Sumner rationalized bigotry and founded the pseudoscience of eugenics. In the process, the book refutes various myths about the topic popularized by such scholars as Richard Hofstadter and John Kenneth Galbraith. The extent to which the popular narratives about social Darwinism prove to be inaccurate holds enormous ramifications for current controversies. It has implications for debates over the ethical appropriateness of reducing taxpayer spending on social welfare programs, and also sheds new light on the pros and cons of attempts to apply biological evolutionary theory to the study of human social institutions. Additionally discussed is the manner in which various prominent figures in economics, evolutionary psychology, and Complexity Theory have grown famous for advancing ideas which Spencer and Sumner originated, even as such figures simultaneously downplay the importance of Spencer and Sumner to their field. Following the hunt for social Darwinism, this work sums up the trilogy with some final thoughts on the importance that liberty holds for every effort to live life to the fullest.

Social Darwinism in American Thought

Author : Richard Hofstadter
Publisher : Beacon Press
ISBN 13 : 0807054623
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Darwinism in American Thought by : Richard Hofstadter

Download or read book Social Darwinism in American Thought written by Richard Hofstadter and published by Beacon Press. This book was released on 2016-06-28 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social Darwinism in American Thought portrays the overall influence of Darwin on American social theory and the notable battle waged among thinkers over the implications of evolutionary theory for social thought and political action. Theorists such as Herbert Spencer and William Graham Sumner adopted the idea of the struggle for existence as justification for the evils as well as the benefits of laissez-faire modern industrial society. Others such as William James and John Dewey argued that human planning was needed to direct social development and improve upon the natural order. Hofstadter's classic study of the ramifications of Darwinism is a major analysis of the social philosophies that animated intellectual movements of the Gilded Age and the Progressive Era.

Social Darwinism in American Thought, 1860-1915

Author : Richard Hofstadter
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781512812350
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (123 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Darwinism in American Thought, 1860-1915 by : Richard Hofstadter

Download or read book Social Darwinism in American Thought, 1860-1915 written by Richard Hofstadter and published by . This book was released on 2017-05-17 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social Darwinism in American Thought examines the overall influence of Darwin on American social theory and the notable battle waged among thinkers over the implications of evolutionary theory for social thought and political action. Theorists such as Herbert Spencer and William Graham Sumner adopted the idea of the struggle for existence as justification for the evils--as well as the benefits--of laissez-faire modern industrial society. Others, such as William James and John Dewey, argued that human planning was needed to direct social development and improve on the natural order. Hofstadter's classic study of the ramifications of Darwinism is a major analysis of the social philosophies that animated intellectual movements of the Gilded Age and the Progressive Era.

Social Darwinism in European and American Thought, 1860-1945

Author : Mike Hawkins
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521574341
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (743 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Darwinism in European and American Thought, 1860-1945 by : Mike Hawkins

Download or read book Social Darwinism in European and American Thought, 1860-1945 written by Mike Hawkins and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1997-03-13 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An analysis of the ideological influence of Social Darwinists in Europe and America.

The Legacy of Social Darwinism

Author : A.P. Thakur
Publisher : Global Vision Pub House
ISBN 13 : 9788182200999
Total Pages : 180 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis The Legacy of Social Darwinism by : A.P. Thakur

Download or read book The Legacy of Social Darwinism written by A.P. Thakur and published by Global Vision Pub House. This book was released on 2005 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Present Book Is A Comprehensive And Critical Analysis Of The Context, Content, As Well As The Contemporary Relevance Of Social Darwinism Which Has Been Quite Instrumental In Evolving The Concept Of Society As A Functional Unity As Well As The Cross-Cultural Methods Of Comparative Study And Analysis Of Social Problems. Even Today, Social Darwinism Is Regar-Ded As A Systematic Approach To The Study Of Social Change Both By Way Of Description And Explanation. It Is Hoped That The Observations And Findings Of This Book Will Be Helpful In Future Research.

Social Darwinism

Author : Robert Bannister
Publisher : Temple University Press
ISBN 13 : 143990605X
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (399 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Darwinism by : Robert Bannister

Download or read book Social Darwinism written by Robert Bannister and published by Temple University Press. This book was released on 2010-06-09 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Attempts to assess the role played by Darwinian ideas in the writings of English-speaking social theorists.

Life in the Market Ecosystem

Author : Stuart K. Hayashi
Publisher : Lexington Books
ISBN 13 : 0739186698
Total Pages : 777 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (391 download)

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Book Synopsis Life in the Market Ecosystem by : Stuart K. Hayashi

Download or read book Life in the Market Ecosystem written by Stuart K. Hayashi and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2014-11-13 with total page 777 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Life in the Market Ecosystem, the second book inthe Nature of Liberty trilogy, confronts evolutionary psychology head on. It describes the evolutionary psychologists’ theory of gene-culture co-evolution, which states that although customs and culture are not predetermined by anyone’s genetic makeup, one’s practice of a custom can influence the likelihood of that person having children and grandchildren. Therefore, according to the theory, customs count as evolutionary adaptations. Extending that theory further, as entire systems of political economy—capitalism, socialism, and hunter-gatherer subsistence—consist of multiple customs and institutions, it follows that an entire political-economic system can likewise be classified as an evolutionary adaptation. Considering that liberal-republican capitalism has, insofar as the system has been implemented, done more to reduce the mortality rate and secure human fertility than other models of societal structure, it stands to reason that liberal-republican capitalism is itself a beneficent evolutionary adaptation. Moreover, as essential tenets of Rand’s Objectivism—individualism, observation-based rationality, and peaceable self-interest—have been integral to the development of the capitalist ecosystem, important aspects of the Objectivism are worthwhile adaptations as well. This book shall uphold that position, as well as combat critiques by evolutionary psychologists and environmentalists who denounce capitalism as self-destructive. Instead, capitalism is the most sustainable and fairest political model. This book argues that of all the philosophies, Objectivism is the one that is most fit for humanity.

Social Darwinism

Author : Jeffrey O'Connell
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108889042
Total Pages : 140 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (88 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Darwinism by : Jeffrey O'Connell

Download or read book Social Darwinism written by Jeffrey O'Connell and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-04-29 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Element is a philosophical history of Social Darwinism. It begins by discussing the meaning of the term, moving then to its origins, paying particular attention to whether it is Charles Darwin or Herbert Spencer who is the true father of the idea. It gives an exposition of early thinking on the subject, covering Darwin and Spencer themselves and then on to Social Darwinism as found in American thought, with special emphasis on Andrew Carnegie, and Germany with special emphasis on Friedrich von Bernhardi. Attention is also paid to outliers, notably the Englishman Alfred Russel Wallace, the Russian Peter Kropotkin, and the German Friedrich Nietzsche. From here we move into the twentieth century looking at Adolf Hitler - hardly a regular Social Darwinian given he did not believe in evolution - and in the Anglophone world, Julian Huxley and Edward O. Wilson, who reflected the concerns of their society.

The Freedom of Peaceful Action

Author : Stuart K. Hayashi
Publisher : Lexington Books
ISBN 13 : 0739186671
Total Pages : 481 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (391 download)

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Book Synopsis The Freedom of Peaceful Action by : Stuart K. Hayashi

Download or read book The Freedom of Peaceful Action written by Stuart K. Hayashi and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2014-04-23 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Freedom of Peaceful Action is the first installment of the trilogy The Nature of Liberty, which makes an ethical philosophic case for individual liberty and the free market against calls for greater government regulation and control. The trilogy makes a purely secular and nonreligious ethical case for the individual’s rights to life, liberty, private property, and the pursuit of happiness as championed by the U.S. Founding Fathers. Inspired by such philosophic defenders of free enterprise as John Locke, Herbert Spencer, and Ayn Rand, The Nature of Liberty shows that such individual rights are not imaginary or simply assertions, but are institutions of great practical value, making prosperity and happiness possible to the degree that society recognizes them. The trilogy demonstrates the beneficence of the individual-rights approach by citing important findings in the emerging science of evolutionary psychology. Although the conclusions of evolutionary psychology have been long considered to be at odds with the philosophies of individual liberty and free markets, The Nature of Liberty presents a reconciliation that reveals their ultimate compatibility, as various important findings of evolutionary psychology, being logically applied, confirm much of what philosophic defenders of liberty have been saying for centuries. Moreover, proceeding from the viewpoint of Rand, this work argues that the structure of society most conducive to practical human well-being is commensurately the most moral and humane approach as well. The trilogy’s first installment, The Freedom of Peaceful Action, focuses on the secular, philosophic foundation for a society based on individual rights. Starting from a defense of the efficacy of observational reason against criticisms from Immanuel Kant and Karl Popper, it demonstrates how a philosophic position of individual liberty and free markets is the logical result of the consistent application of human reason to observing human nature. This installment demonstrates that any political system that wishes for its citizens to thrive must take human nature into account, and that an accounting of human nature reveals that a system of maximum liberty and property protection is the one must conducive to peace and human well-being.

Social Darwinism

Author : Peter Dickens
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 150 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Social Darwinism by : Peter Dickens

Download or read book Social Darwinism written by Peter Dickens and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social Darwinism is the extension of Darwin's evolutionary ideas to human society. Over the past two centuries it has been argued that the fittest in terms of physical and mental prowess are most likely to survive and reproduce. It has also been suggested that the increasingly complex structure of human society mirrors the increasing complexity of nature. This highly original text examines whether these extensions from nature to society are justified, and considers how dangerous they may be in implying the systematic neglect - or even destruction - of the least fit. It asks what, in any case, is fitness as applied to human beings? It also questions whether human nature is constrained by modern society and whether people evolved as essentially competitive or collaborative. Written in a clear and accessible style, with text boxes to explain key ideas and little or no biological knowledge required of the reader, this book suggests a new way in which evolutionary thought and social theory can be combined

The Return of Nature

Author : John Bellamy Foster
Publisher : Monthly Review Press
ISBN 13 : 1583678360
Total Pages : 688 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (836 download)

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Book Synopsis The Return of Nature by : John Bellamy Foster

Download or read book The Return of Nature written by John Bellamy Foster and published by Monthly Review Press. This book was released on 2020-06-16 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner, 2020 Isaac and Tamara Deutscher Memorial Prize A fascinating reinterpretation of the radical and socialist origins of ecology Twenty years ago, John Bellamy Foster’s Marx’s Ecology: Materialism and Nature introduced a new understanding of Karl Marx’s revolutionary ecological materialism. More than simply a study of Marx, it commenced an intellectual and social history, en-compassing thinkers from Epicurus to Darwin, who developed materialist and ecological ideas. Now, with The Return of Nature: Socialism and Ecology, Foster continues this narrative. In so doing, he uncovers a long history of the efforts to unite questions of social justice and environmental sustainability, and helps us comprehend and counter today’s unprecedented planetary emergencies. The Return of Nature begins with the deaths of Darwin (1882) and Marx (1883) and moves on until the rise of the ecological age in the 1960s and 1970s. Foster explores how socialist analysts and materialist scientists of various stamps, first in Britain, then the United States, from William Morris and Frederick Engels, to Joseph Needham, Rachel Carson, and Stephen J. Gould, sought to develop a dialectical naturalism, rooted in a critique of capitalism. In the process, he delivers a far-reaching and fascinating reinterpretation of the radical and socialist origins of ecology. Ultimately, what this book asks for is nothing short of revolution: a long, ecological revolution, aimed at making peace with the planet while meeting collective human needs.

Social Darwinism in American Thought

Author : Richard Hofstadter
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Darwinism in American Thought by : Richard Hofstadter

Download or read book Social Darwinism in American Thought written by Richard Hofstadter and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Imbeciles

Author : Adam Seth Cohen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 1594204187
Total Pages : 418 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (942 download)

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Book Synopsis Imbeciles by : Adam Seth Cohen

Download or read book Imbeciles written by Adam Seth Cohen and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of America's great miscarriages of justice, the Supreme Court's infamous 1927 Buck v. Bell ruling made government sterilization of "undesirable" citizens the law of the land New York Times bestselling author Adam Cohen tells the story in Imbeciles of one of the darkest moments in the American legal tradition: the Supreme Court's decision to champion eugenic sterilization for the greater good of the country. In 1927, when the nation was caught up in eugenic fervor, the justices allowed Virginia to sterilize Carrie Buck, a perfectly normal young woman, for being an "imbecile." It is a story with many villains, from the superintendent of the Dickensian Virginia Colony for Epileptics and Feebleminded who chose Carrie for sterilization to the former Missouri agriculture professor and Nazi sympathizer who was the nation's leading advocate for eugenic sterilization. But the most troubling actors of all were the eight Supreme Court justices who were in the majority - including William Howard Taft, the former president; Louis Brandeis, the legendary progressive; and Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr., America's most esteemed justice, who wrote the decision urging the nation to embark on a program of mass eugenic sterilization. Exposing this tremendous injustice--which led to the sterilization of 70,000 Americans--Imbeciles overturns cherished myths and reappraises heroic figures in its relentless pursuit of the truth. With the precision of a legal brief and the passion of a front-page exposé, Cohen's Imbeciles is an unquestionable triumph of American legal and social history, an ardent accusation against these acclaimed men and our own optimistic faith in progress.

Management Education

Author : Thomas Klikauer
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319407783
Total Pages : 314 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis Management Education by : Thomas Klikauer

Download or read book Management Education written by Thomas Klikauer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-10-25 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written in the tradition of the Frankfurt School of critical theory, this book develops a practical theory designed to humanise management education. Inevitably encountering deeply authoritarian business schools, the author sets the rigidity of curriculum against a student-centred approach found in Honneth’s concept of recognition and the Habermasian concept of communicative action. Management Education outlines measures for preventing Managerialism from colonising learning spaces that would prevent the practice of emancipatory learning from flourishing. The aim of the book is to allow students and teachers of business schools to create learning inside an education system based on humanity.

Social Darwinism and English Thought

Author : Greta Jones
Publisher : Brighton, Sussex : Harvester Press ; Atlantic Highlands, N.J. : Humanities Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Darwinism and English Thought by : Greta Jones

Download or read book Social Darwinism and English Thought written by Greta Jones and published by Brighton, Sussex : Harvester Press ; Atlantic Highlands, N.J. : Humanities Press. This book was released on 1980 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Darwinismus / Soziologie.

Nationalism in Modern Europe

Author : Derek Hastings
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1350303607
Total Pages : 385 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (53 download)

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Book Synopsis Nationalism in Modern Europe by : Derek Hastings

Download or read book Nationalism in Modern Europe written by Derek Hastings and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2023-01-12 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Derek Hastings's Nationalism in Modern Europe is the essential guide to a potent political and cultural phenomenon that featured prominently across the modern era. With firm grounding in transnational and global contexts, the book traces the story of nationalism in Europe from the French Revolution to the present. Hastings reflects on various nationalist ideas and movements across Europe, and always with a keen appreciation of other prevalent signifiers of belonging – such as religion, race, class and gender – which helps to inform and strengthen the analysis. The text shines a light on key historiographical trends and debates and includes 20 images, 14 maps and a range of primary source excerpts which can serve to sharpen vital analytical skills which are crucial to the subject. New content and features for the second edition include: - A chapter examining region, religion, class and gender as alternative 'markers of identity' throughout the 19th century - An enhanced global dimension that covers transnational fascism and non-European comparatives - Additional primary source excerpts and figures - Historiographical updates throughout which account for recent research in the field

In Search of Human Nature

Author : Carl N. Degler
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199729018
Total Pages : 413 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (997 download)

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Book Synopsis In Search of Human Nature by : Carl N. Degler

Download or read book In Search of Human Nature written by Carl N. Degler and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1992-11-05 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of the Pulitzer Prize in History in 1972, and a past president of both the Organization of American Historians and the American Historical Association, Carl Degler is one of America's most eminent living historians. He is also one of the most versatile. In a forty year career, he has written brilliantly on race (Neither Black Nor White, which won the Pulitzer Prize), women's studies (At Odds, which Betty Friedan called "a stunning book"), Southern history (The Other South), the New Deal, and many other subjects. Now, in The Search for Human Nature, Degler turns to perhaps his largest subject yet, a sweeping history of the impact of Darwinism (and biological research) on our understanding of human nature, providing a fascinating overview of the social sciences in the last one hundred years. The idea of a biological root to human nature was almost universally accepted at the turn of the century, Degler points out, then all but vanished from social thought only to reappear in the last four decades. Degler traces the early history of this idea, from Darwin's argument that our moral and emotional life evolved from animals just as our human shape did, to William James's emphasis on instinct in human behavior (then seen as a fundamental insight of psychology). We also see the many applications of biology, from racism, sexism, and Social Darwinism to the rise of intelligence testing, the eugenics movement, and the practice of involuntary sterilization of criminals (a public policy pioneered in America, which had sterilization laws 25 years before Nazi Germany--one such law was upheld by Oliver Wendell Holmes's Supreme Court). Degler then examines the work of those who denied any role for biology, who thought culture shaped human nature, a group ranging from Franz Boas, Ruth Benedict, and Margaret Mead, to John B. Watson and B.F. Skinner. Equally important, he examines the forces behind this fundamental shift in a scientific paradigm, arguing that ideological reasons--especially the struggle against racism and sexism in America--led to this change in scientific thinking. Finally, Degler considers the revival of Darwinism without the Social Darwinism, racism, and sexism, led first by ethologists such as Karl von Frisch, Nikolaas Tinbergen, Konrad Lorenz, and Jane Goodall--who revealed clear parallels between animal and human behavior--and followed in varying degrees by such figures as Melvin Konner, Alice Rossi, Jerome Kagen, and Edward O. Wilson as well as others in anthropology, political science, sociology, and economics. What kind of animal is Homo sapiens and how did we come to be this way? In this wide ranging history, Carl Degler traces our attempts over the last century to answer these questions. In doing so, he has produced a volume that will fascinate anyone curious about the nature of human beings.