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Hungarys Integration Into European Union Markets
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Book Synopsis Hungary's Integration Into European Union Markets by : Bart?omiej Kami?ski
Download or read book Hungary's Integration Into European Union Markets written by Bart?omiej Kami?ski and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1999 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: June 1999 - Can Hungarian firms cope with competitive pressures and market forces within the European Union market (a criterion for joining)? The empirical evidence suggests that Hungary can withstand such competitive pressures without suppressing the real incomes of Hungary's citizens. Hungary has achieved impressive results in reorienting both its production and trade. Between 1989 and 1992, as the former CMEA markets collapsed and Hungary liberalized imports and the exchange rate regime, exports to the European Union (EU) expanded, with manufactured exports redirected largely to Western (mostly EU) markets. During this first phase of expansion, characterized by a dramatic reorientation and explosion of trade, the value of Hungary's exports increased 84 percent. In 1993 export expansion lost steam and EU-oriented exports fell 12 percent. In a second phase of expansion (in 1994-97), driven by restructured and rapidly changing export offers, exports again registered strong performance, their value increasing 132 percent. There was a dramatic shift from an export basket dominated by resource-intensive, low-value-added products to one driven by manufactures, with a rapidly accelerating growth of engineering products. Machinery and transport equipment rose from 12 percent of exports to the EU in 1989 to more than 50 percent in 1997. The shift from natural resource and unskilled-labor-intensive products to technology- and capital-intensive products in EU-oriented exports suggests the potential for integration higher in the value-added spectrum. More stringent EU environmental regulations will affect a relatively low, and falling, share of Hungary's exports. The Hungarian share of environmentally dirty products imported by the EU has increased, but these products have not been trendsetters among Hungarian exports, their share in exports falling from 26 percent in 1989 to 16 percent in 1996. The rapid pace of Hungary's turnaround seems to reflect the emergence of second-generation firms, mostly foreign-owned. Foreign-owned firms tend to be more export-oriented. Hungary has been one of the more successful transition economies because its economy was receptive to foreign direct investment from the outset. Between 1990 and 1997, Hungary absorbed roughly half of all foreign capital invested in Central Europe. This paper - a product of Trade, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to study regional integration. The author may be contacted at bkaminski@@worldbank.org.
Book Synopsis Hungary's Integration into European Union Markets by : Bartlomiej Kaminski
Download or read book Hungary's Integration into European Union Markets written by Bartlomiej Kaminski and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Can Hungarian firms cope with competitive pressures and market forces within the European Union market (a criterion for joining)? The empirical evidence suggests that Hungary can withstand such competitive pressures without suppressing the real incomes of Hungary's citizens. Hungary has achieved impressive results in reorienting both its production and trade. Between 1989 and 1992, as the former CMEA markets collapsed and Hungary liberalized imports and the exchange rate regime, exports to the European Union (EU) expanded, with manufactured exports redirected largely to Western (mostly EU) markets. During this first phase of expansion, characterized by a dramatic reorientation and explosion of trade, the value of Hungary's exports increased 84 percent. In 1993 export expansion lost steam and EU-oriented exports fell 12 percent.In a second phase of expansion (in 1994-97), driven by restructured and rapidly changing export offers, exports again registered strong performance, their value increasing 132 percent. There was a dramatic shift from an export basket dominated by resource-intensive, low-value-added products to one driven by manufactures, with a rapidly accelerating growth of engineering products. Machinery and transport equipment rose from 12 percent of exports to the EU in 1989 to more than 50 percent in 1997.The shift from natural resource and unskilled-labor-intensive products to technology- and capital-intensive products in EU-oriented exports suggests the potential for integration higher in the value-added spectrum. More stringent EU environmental regulations will affect a relatively low, and falling, share of Hungary`s exports. The Hungarian share of environmentally dirty products imported by the EU has increased, but these products have not been trendsetters among Hungarian exports, their share in exports falling from 26 percent in 1989 to 16 percent in 1996. The rapid pace of Hungary's turnaround seems to reflect the emergence of second-generation firms, mostly foreign-owned. Foreign-owned firms tend to be more export-oriented. Hungary has been one of the more successful transition economies because its economy was receptive to foreign direct investment from the outset. Between 1990 and 1997, Hungary absorbed roughly half of all foreign capital invested in Central Europe.This paper - a product of Trade, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to study regional integration.
Book Synopsis Hungary on the Road to the European Union by : László Andor
Download or read book Hungary on the Road to the European Union written by László Andor and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2000-04-30 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In November 1997 Hungarians voted in favor of membership in NATO, primarily as a step toward membership in the European Union and integration into Western society. Andor examines the changes in Hungarian social, political, and economic life after the collapse of communism in Central Europe. He analyzes the difficulties, both internal and external, to making that transition. In the early 1990s, public discourse was dominated by the enthusiastic slogans proclaiming Hungary's return to Europe. Things can only get better was the prevailing feeling surrounding the dismantling of the state socialist system and the construction of the new parliamentary democracy. From the very early years of transition, however, Hungarians faced large-scale and unexpected hardships in their changing lives which made them the most disappointed nation in Eastern Europe by 1993. In the second half of the 1990s, the policies of the Socialist-Liberal coalition, and particularly the positive developments in the enlargement process of NATO and the EU, restored the belief in a rapid and successful accession to the major Western economic and security organizations. But, as Andor indicates, the beginnings of negotiations about entry into NATO and EU will be merely the starting point of difficulties arising in both economics and politics. A thoughtful and cautious look at a changing Hungary that will be of interest to scholars, researchers, and policymakers involved with Central Europe and contemporary European politics and economics.
Book Synopsis Hungary's Integration Into EU Markets by : Bartłomiej Kamiński
Download or read book Hungary's Integration Into EU Markets written by Bartłomiej Kamiński and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hungary written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1999 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hungary's economic performance improved dramatically in the second half of the 1990s as a result of strong stabilization measures and deep structural reforms. During this period, Hungary was able to move from economic stagnation to strong growth, while also dramatically improving its external accounts. This report is composed of two parts. Part 1 is summary report with the main findings and conclusions. Part 2 is the main report that provides an analysis and assessment of the macroeconomic framework, the medium-term fiscal stance, and selected sectors and markets of the Hungarian economy. Hungary is regarded as a top performer among transitional countries, and one of the strongest candidates for accession to the European Union (EU). The country needs to refine the regulatory and institutional framework in structural areas, so as to achieve full compliance with EU directives and ensure a smooth and successful entry into the single EU market. The report concludes that the challenge facing Hungary today is consolidate stabilization gains and finalize the structural reforms to ensure that the economy remains competitive and that income is placed on a rapid and sustainable convergence path with the EU average.
Book Synopsis Commission Opinion on Hungary's Application for Membership of the European Union by : European Commission
Download or read book Commission Opinion on Hungary's Application for Membership of the European Union written by European Commission and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The 'Long 1970s' written by Poul Villaume and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-28 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today it is widely recognised that the 'long 1970s' was a decisive international transition period during which traditional, collective-oriented socio-economic interest and welfare policies were increasingly replaced by the more individually and neo-liberally oriented value policies of the post-industrial epoch. Seen from a distance of three decades, it is increasingly clear that these socio-economic and socio-cultural processes also found their expression at the level of national and international political power. The contributors to this volume explore these processes of political-cultural realignment and their social impetus in Western Europe and the Euro-Atlantic area in and around the 1970s in the context of three agenda-setting topics of international history of this period: human rights, including the impact of decolonisation; East-West détente in Europe; and transnational relations and discourses. Going beyond the so-called Americanisation processes of the immediate postwar period, this volume reclaims Europe's place – and particularly that of smaller European nations – in contemporary Western history, demonstrating Europe's contribution to transatlantic transformation processes in political culture, discourse, and power during this period.
Book Synopsis Rules of Competition and East-West Integration by : Michael Fritsch
Download or read book Rules of Competition and East-West Integration written by Michael Fritsch and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integration of the Central and Eastern European Countries (CEECs) into the European Union (EU) has become more a question of timing than a question whether it will or should be made. Since one of the objectives of the EU is to establish a system ensuring competition in the internal market is not distorted the question arises if the CEECs can be integrated into such a competitive system. Which rules of competition are appropriate to improve the economic integration of the CEECs and to promote at the same time the enduring transition process? The relationship between competition policy and East-West integration is the general theme of the contributions in this book. One central issue of this volume is the way of integrating the Central and East European countries into the EU and supporting their development by liberalizing trade with the EU. A second issue is the implementation of a market economy in the post-socialist countries of Eastern Europe and in particular the aspect of implementing competition rules at a time when markets are just emerging. The twelve selected papers are organized in three sections: -Competition Policy and Integration (part 1); -Competition Policy During Transition (part 2); -Competition, Trade Policy and East-West-Integration (part 3).
Download or read book On the Way written by András Inotai and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Economic Integration of Europe by : Richard Pomfret
Download or read book The Economic Integration of Europe written by Richard Pomfret and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2021-06-08 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The clearest and most up-to-date account of the achievements—and setbacks—of the European Union since 1945. Europe has been transformed since the Second World War. No longer a checkerboard of entirely sovereign states, the continent has become the largest single-market area in the world, with most of its members ceding certain economic and political powers to the central government of the European Union. This shift is the product of world-historical change, but the process is not well understood. The changes came in fits and starts. There was no single blueprint for reform; rather, the EU is the result of endless political turmoil and dazzling bureaucratic gymnastics. As Brexit demonstrates, there are occasional steps backward, too. Cutting through the complexity, Richard Pomfret presents a uniquely clear and comprehensive analysis of an incredible achievement in economic cooperation. The Economic Integration of Europe follows all the major steps in the creation of the single market since the postwar establishment of the European Coal and Steel Community. Pomfret identifies four stages of development: the creation of a customs union, the deepening of economic union with the Single Market, the years of monetary union and eastward expansion, and, finally, problems of consolidation. Throughout, he details the economic benefits, costs, and controversies associated with each step in the evolution of the EU. What lies ahead? Pomfret concludes that, for all its problems, Europe has grown more prosperous from integration and is likely to increase its power on the global stage.
Book Synopsis The European Community and Central European Integration by : Tibor Palánkai
Download or read book The European Community and Central European Integration written by Tibor Palánkai and published by Routledge. This book was released on 1991 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explaining the possibilities of Central Europe's eventual integration with the European Community this book examines the political, economic and security system modifications that would be required of these former Communist countries before such a move could be implemented. The author focuses on Hungary and offers specific proposals to help guide Budapest out of its economic quandaries, but with some adjustment, the proposals may be applied to other countries in the region that must determine their own approaches to restructuring.
Book Synopsis Post-Communist Mafia State by : B lint Magyar
Download or read book Post-Communist Mafia State written by B lint Magyar and published by Central European University Press. This book was released on 2016-03-01 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Having won a two-third majority in Parliament at the 2010 elections, the Hungarian political party Fidesz removed many of the institutional obstacles of exerting power. Just like the party, the state itself was placed under the control of a single individual, who since then has applied the techniques used within his party to enforce submission and obedience onto society as a whole. In a new approach the author characterizes the system as the ?organized over-world?, the ?state employing mafia methods? and the ?adopted political family', applying these categories not as metaphors but elements of a coherent conceptual framework. The actions of the post-communist mafia state model are closely aligned with the interests of power and wealth concentrated in the hands of a small group of insiders. While the traditional mafia channeled wealth and economic players into its spheres of influence by means of direct coercion, the mafia state does the same by means of parliamentary legislation, legal prosecution, tax authority, police forces and secret service. The innovative conceptual framework of the book is important and timely not only for Hungary, but also for other post-communist countries subjected to autocratic rules. ÿ
Book Synopsis Financial Integration in the European Union by : Roman Matoušek
Download or read book Financial Integration in the European Union written by Roman Matoušek and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-03-15 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited collection assesses the level of financial integration in the European Union (EU) and the differences across the countries and segments of the EU financial system. Progress in financial integration is key to the EU’s economic growth and competitiveness and although it has advanced substantially, the process is still far from completion. This book focuses on the pace of financial integration in the EU with special emphasis on the new EU Member States and investigates their progress in comparison with ‘old’ EU countries. The book is the first of its kind to include and evaluate the effects of the global financial crisis on the process of EU financial integration. In particular, the book’s contributors address the issue of whether a high degree of financial integration contributed to the intensification of the financial crisis, or whether a low level of integration prevented countries and financial industries from some of the negative effects of the crisis. Although most of the chapters apply contemporary econometric tools, the technical part is always reduced to indispensable minimum and the emphasis is given to economic interpretation of the results. The book aims to offer an up to date and insightful examination of the process of financial integration in the EU today.
Book Synopsis Commission Opinion on Hungary's Application for Membership of the European Union by : European Commission
Download or read book Commission Opinion on Hungary's Application for Membership of the European Union written by European Commission and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Applied General Equilibrium Analysis of EU Integration for Hungary and Slovakia by : Alena Kimakova
Download or read book An Applied General Equilibrium Analysis of EU Integration for Hungary and Slovakia written by Alena Kimakova and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Winners and Losers of EU Integration by : Helena Tang
Download or read book Winners and Losers of EU Integration written by Helena Tang and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2000-01-01 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contributors include researchers from the ten CEECs, as well as from current EU member countries."--BOOK JACKET.
Book Synopsis European Economic Integration as a Challenge to Industry and Government by : Richard Tilly
Download or read book European Economic Integration as a Challenge to Industry and Government written by Richard Tilly and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-14 with total page 557 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The EU Single Market and the opening up of Eastern Europe offer a chance to create a truly pan-European market economy. In this respect, many lessons can be learned from early 20th-century developments in Europe. Bearing this in mind, the authors analyze the fragility of international trade, financial investment and foreign relations in and across Europe, from both a contemporary and historical perspective. In a period of increased migration and higher capital mobility, the major OECD countries are faced with such issues as monetary integration, the role of banks and the requirement for structural adjustment. Even more complex is the integration of Russia. Policymakers and the business community alike are presented simultaneously with unique opportunities and unique challenges - with old and new pitfalls looming.
