Human Rights Activism And The End Of The Cold War

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Human Rights Activism and the End of the Cold War

Author : Sarah B. Snyder
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139498924
Total Pages : 305 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Rights Activism and the End of the Cold War by : Sarah B. Snyder

Download or read book Human Rights Activism and the End of the Cold War written by Sarah B. Snyder and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-06-20 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two of the most pressing questions facing international historians today are how and why the Cold War ended. Human Rights Activism and the End of the Cold War explores how, in the aftermath of the signing of the Helsinki Final Act in 1975, a transnational network of activists committed to human rights in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe made the topic a central element in East-West diplomacy. As a result, human rights eventually became an important element of Cold War diplomacy and a central component of détente. Sarah B. Snyder demonstrates how this network influenced both Western and Eastern governments to pursue policies that fostered the rise of organized dissent in Eastern Europe, freedom of movement for East Germans and improved human rights practices in the Soviet Union - all factors in the end of the Cold War.

From Selma to Moscow

Author : Sarah B. Snyder
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231547218
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (315 download)

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Book Synopsis From Selma to Moscow by : Sarah B. Snyder

Download or read book From Selma to Moscow written by Sarah B. Snyder and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2018-04-24 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 1960s marked a transformation of human rights activism in the United States. At a time of increased concern for the rights of their fellow citizens—civil and political rights, as well as the social and economic rights that Great Society programs sought to secure—many Americans saw inconsistencies between domestic and foreign policy and advocated for a new approach. The activism that arose from the upheavals of the 1960s fundamentally altered U.S. foreign policy—yet previous accounts have often overlooked its crucial role. In From Selma to Moscow, Sarah B. Snyder traces the influence of human rights activists and advances a new interpretation of U.S. foreign policy in the “long 1960s.” She shows how transnational connections and social movements spurred American activism that achieved legislation that curbed military and economic assistance to repressive governments, created institutions to monitor human rights around the world, and enshrined human rights in U.S. foreign policy making for years to come. Snyder analyzes how Americans responded to repression in the Soviet Union, racial discrimination in Southern Rhodesia, authoritarianism in South Korea, and coups in Greece and Chile. By highlighting the importance of nonstate and lower-level actors, Snyder shows how this activism established the networks and tactics critical to the institutionalization of human rights. A major work of international and transnational history, From Selma to Moscow reshapes our understanding of the role of human rights activism in transforming U.S. foreign policy in the 1960s and 1970s and highlights timely lessons for those seeking to promote a policy agenda resisted by the White House.

The CSCE and the End of the Cold War

Author : Nicolas Badalassi
Publisher : Berghahn Books
ISBN 13 : 178920027X
Total Pages : 380 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (892 download)

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Book Synopsis The CSCE and the End of the Cold War by : Nicolas Badalassi

Download or read book The CSCE and the End of the Cold War written by Nicolas Badalassi and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2018-11-16 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From its inception, the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE) provoked controversy. Today it is widely regarded as having contributed to the end of the Cold War. Bringing together new and innovative research on the CSCE, this volume explores questions key to understanding the Cold War: What role did diplomats play in shaping the 1975 Helsinki Final Act? How did that agreement and the CSCE more broadly shape societies in Europe and North America? And how did the CSCE and activists inspired by the Helsinki Final Act influence the end of the Cold War?

Freedom on the Offensive

Author : William Michael Schmidli
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 1501765167
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Freedom on the Offensive by : William Michael Schmidli

Download or read book Freedom on the Offensive written by William Michael Schmidli and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2022-09-15 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Freedom on the Offensive, William Michael Schmidli illuminates how the Reagan administration's embrace of democracy promotion was a defining development in US foreign relations in the late twentieth century. Reagan used democracy promotion to refashion the bipartisan Cold War consensus that had collapsed in the late 1960s amid opposition to the Vietnam War. Over the course of the 1980s, the initiative led to a greater institutionalization of human rights—narrowly defined to include political rights and civil liberties and to exclude social and economic rights—as a US foreign policy priority. Democracy promotion thus served to legitimize a distinctive form of US interventionism and to underpin the Reagan administration's aggressive Cold War foreign policies. Drawing on newly available archival materials, and featuring a range of perspectives from top-level policymakers and politicians to grassroots activists and militants, this study makes a defining contribution to our understanding of human rights ideas and the projection of American power during the final decade of the Cold War. Using Reagan's undeclared war on Nicaragua as a case study in US interventionism, Freedom on the Offensive explores how democracy promotion emerged as the centerpiece of an increasingly robust US human rights agenda. Yet, this initiative also became intertwined with deeply undemocratic practices that misled the American people, violated US law, and contributed to immense human and material destruction. Pursued through civil society or low-cost military interventions and rooted in the neoliberal imperatives of US-led globalization, Reagan's democracy promotion initiative had major implications for post–Cold War US foreign policy.

Human Rights in Political Transitions

Author : Carla Alison Hesse
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 362 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Rights in Political Transitions by : Carla Alison Hesse

Download or read book Human Rights in Political Transitions written by Carla Alison Hesse and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Re-inventing the spy story for the 21st Century.John Le Carre meets Jason Bourne!Daniel Marchant, a suspended MI6 officer, is running the London Marathon. He is also running out of time. A competitor is strapped with explosives. If he drops his pace, everyone around him will be killed, including the US ambassador to London. Marchant tries to thwart the attack, but is he secretly working for the terrorists?There are those in America who already suspect Marchant of treachery. Just like they suspected his late father, the former head of MI6, who was removed from his job by the CIA. Marchant is treated like an enemy combatant - rendition, waterboarding - but he has friends who are disillusioned with America's war on terror. Friends like Leila, his beautiful MI6 colleague and lover, and Sir Marcus Fielding, the new Chief who resents the White House's growing influence in Whitehall.On the run from the CIA, Marchant is determined to prove his father's innocence in a personal journey that takes him from Wiltshire, via Poland, to India. It was here that the former MI6 chief once met with one of the world's most wanted terrorists, and where the new President of America is shortly to visit. But was that meeting proof of a mole within MI6 or the best penetration of Al Qu'aeda the West has ever had? And was Marchant's father the keeper of another, darker secret?In a compelling thriller that updates the spy novel for the 21st century – think John Le Carre meets Jason Bourne - Marchant discovers the shocking realities of personal betrayal and national loyalty, and that love can be the biggest risk of all.

The Helsinki Effect

Author : Daniel C. Thomas
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691187223
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis The Helsinki Effect by : Daniel C. Thomas

Download or read book The Helsinki Effect written by Daniel C. Thomas and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2018-06-05 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human rights norms do matter. Those established by the Helsinki Final Act contributed directly to the demise of communism in the former East bloc, contends Daniel Thomas. This book counters those skeptics who doubt that such international norms substantially affect domestic political change, while explaining why, when, and how they matter most. Thomas argues that the Final Act, signed in 1975, transformed the agenda of East-West relations and provided a common platform around which opposition forces could mobilize. Without downplaying other factors, Thomas shows that the norms established at Helsinki undermined the viability of one-party Communist rule and thereby contributed significantly to the largely peaceful and democratic changes of 1989, as well as the end of the Cold War. Drawing on both governmental and nongovernmental sources, he offers a powerful Constructivist alternative to Realist theory's failure to anticipate or explain these crucial events. This study will fundamentally influence ongoing debates about the politics of international institutions, the socialization of states, the spread of democracy, and, not least, about the balance of factors that felled the Iron Curtain. It casts new light on Solidarity, Charter 77, and other democratic movements in Eastern Europe, the sources of Gorbachev's reforms, the evolution of the European Union, U.S. foreign policy, and East-West relations in the final decades of the Cold War. The Helsinki Effect will be essential reading for scholars and students of international relations, international law, European politics, human rights, and social movements.

Freeing God's Children

Author : Allen D. Hertzke
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 9780742508040
Total Pages : 446 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Freeing God's Children by : Allen D. Hertzke

Download or read book Freeing God's Children written by Allen D. Hertzke and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2004 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Given unprecedented insider access, author Allen D. Hertzke charts the rise of the new faith-based movement for global human rights and tells the compelling story of the personalities and forces, clashes and compromises, strategies and protests that shape it. In doing so, Hertzke shows that by raising issues--such as global religious persecution, Sudanese atrocities, North Korean gulags, and sex trafficking--the movement is impacting foreign policy around the world.

Counting the Dead

Author : Winifred Tate
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520252829
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (22 download)

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Book Synopsis Counting the Dead by : Winifred Tate

Download or read book Counting the Dead written by Winifred Tate and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2007-10-09 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores how the idea of human rights is actually employed by activists and human rights professionals. Tate, an anthropologist and activist with extensive experience in Colombia, finds that radically different ideas about human rights have shaped three groups of human rights professionals working there--nongovernmental activists, state representatives, and military officers. From publisher description.

The Last Utopia

Author : Samuel Moyn
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674256522
Total Pages : 346 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (742 download)

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Book Synopsis The Last Utopia by : Samuel Moyn

Download or read book The Last Utopia written by Samuel Moyn and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2012-03-05 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human rights offer a vision of international justice that today’s idealistic millions hold dear. Yet the very concept on which the movement is based became familiar only a few decades ago when it profoundly reshaped our hopes for an improved humanity. In this pioneering book, Samuel Moyn elevates that extraordinary transformation to center stage and asks what it reveals about the ideal’s troubled present and uncertain future. For some, human rights stretch back to the dawn of Western civilization, the age of the American and French Revolutions, or the post–World War II moment when the Universal Declaration of Human Rights was framed. Revisiting these episodes in a dramatic tour of humanity’s moral history, The Last Utopia shows that it was in the decade after 1968 that human rights began to make sense to broad communities of people as the proper cause of justice. Across eastern and western Europe, as well as throughout the United States and Latin America, human rights crystallized in a few short years as social activism and political rhetoric moved it from the hallways of the United Nations to the global forefront. It was on the ruins of earlier political utopias, Moyn argues, that human rights achieved contemporary prominence. The morality of individual rights substituted for the soiled political dreams of revolutionary communism and nationalism as international law became an alternative to popular struggle and bloody violence. But as the ideal of human rights enters into rival political agendas, it requires more vigilance and scrutiny than when it became the watchword of our hopes.

British Human Rights Organizations and Soviet Dissent, 1965-1985

Author : Mark Hurst
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1472522346
Total Pages : 259 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (725 download)

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Book Synopsis British Human Rights Organizations and Soviet Dissent, 1965-1985 by : Mark Hurst

Download or read book British Human Rights Organizations and Soviet Dissent, 1965-1985 written by Mark Hurst and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2016-05-05 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the latter half of the 20th century, a number of dissidents engaged in a series of campaigns against the Soviet authorities and as a result were subjected to an array of cruel and violent punishments. A collection of like-minded activists in Britain campaigned on their behalf, and formed a variety of organizations to publicise their plight. British Human Rights Organizations and Soviet Dissent, 1965-1985 examines the efforts of these activists, exploring how influential their activism was in shaping the wider public awareness of Soviet human rights violations in the context of the Cold War. Mark Hurst explores the British response to Soviet human rights violation, drawing on extensive archival work and interviews with key individuals from the period. This book examines the network of human rights activists in Britain, and demonstrates that in order to be fully understood, the Soviet dissident movement needs to be considered in an international context.

Selma to Saigon

Author : Daniel S. Lucks
Publisher : University Press of Kentucky
ISBN 13 : 0813145090
Total Pages : 395 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (131 download)

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Book Synopsis Selma to Saigon by : Daniel S. Lucks

Download or read book Selma to Saigon written by Daniel S. Lucks and published by University Press of Kentucky. This book was released on 2014-03-19 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Selma to Saigon Daniel S. Lucks explores the impact of the Vietnam War on the national civil rights movement. Through detailed research and a powerful narrative, Lucks illuminates the effects of the Vietnam War on leaders such as Whitney Young Jr., Stokely Carmichael, Roy Wilkins, Bayard Rustin, and Martin Luther King Jr., as well as lesser-known Americans in the movement who faced the threat of the military draft as well as racial discrimination and violence.

Cold War University

Author : Matthew Levin
Publisher : University of Wisconsin Pres
ISBN 13 : 0299292835
Total Pages : 235 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (992 download)

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Book Synopsis Cold War University by : Matthew Levin

Download or read book Cold War University written by Matthew Levin and published by University of Wisconsin Pres. This book was released on 2013-07-17 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union escalated in the 1950s and 1960s, the federal government directed billions of dollars to American universities to promote higher enrollments, studies of foreign languages and cultures, and, especially, scientific research. In Cold War University, Matthew Levin traces the paradox that developed: higher education became increasingly enmeshed in the Cold War struggle even as university campuses became centers of opposition to Cold War policies. The partnerships between the federal government and major research universities sparked a campus backlash that provided the foundation, Levin argues, for much of the student dissent that followed. At the University of Wisconsin in Madison, one of the hubs of student political activism in the 1950s and 1960s, the protests reached their flashpoint with the 1967 demonstrations against campus recruiters from Dow Chemical, the manufacturers of napalm. Levin documents the development of student political organizations in Madison in the 1950s and the emergence of a mass movement in the decade that followed, adding texture to the history of national youth protests of the time. He shows how the University of Wisconsin tolerated political dissent even at the height of McCarthyism, an era named for Wisconsin's own virulently anti-Communist senator, and charts the emergence of an intellectual community of students and professors that encouraged new directions in radical politics. Some of the events in Madison—especially the 1966 draft protests, the 1967 sit-in against Dow Chemical, and the 1970 Sterling Hall bombing—have become part of the fabric of "The Sixties," touchstones in an era that continues to resonate in contemporary culture and politics.

Human Rights in American Foreign Policy

Author : Joe Renouard
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
ISBN 13 : 0812247736
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (122 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Rights in American Foreign Policy by : Joe Renouard

Download or read book Human Rights in American Foreign Policy written by Joe Renouard and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global in scope and ambitious in scale, Human Rights in American Foreign Policy examines American responses to a broad array of human rights violations.

Native Activism in Cold War America

Author : Daniel M. Cobb
Publisher : University Press of Kansas
ISBN 13 : 0700617507
Total Pages : 318 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (6 download)

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Book Synopsis Native Activism in Cold War America by : Daniel M. Cobb

Download or read book Native Activism in Cold War America written by Daniel M. Cobb and published by University Press of Kansas. This book was released on 2008-10-24 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The heyday of American Indian activism is generally seen as bracketed by the occupation of Alcatraz in 1969 and the Longest Walk in 1978; yet Native Americans had long struggled against federal policies that threatened to undermine tribal sovereignty and self-determination. This is the first book-length study of American Indian political activism during its seminal years, focusing on the movement's largely neglected early efforts before Alcatraz or Wounded Knee captured national attention. Ranging from the end of World War II to the late 1960s, Daniel Cobb uncovers the groundwork laid by earlier activists. He draws on dozens of interviews with key players to relate untold stories of both seemingly well-known events such as the American Indian Chicago Conference and little-known ones such as Native participation in the Poor People's Campaign of 1968. Along the way, he introduces readers to a host of previously neglected but critically important activists: Mel Thom, Tillie Walker, Forrest Gerard, Dr. Jim Wilson, Martha Grass, and many others. Cobb takes readers inside the early movement-from D'Arcy McNickle's founding of American Indian Development, Inc. and Vine Deloria Jr.'s tenure as executive director of the National Congress of American Indians to Clyde Warrior's leadership in the National Indian Youth Council-and describes how early activists forged connections between their struggle and anticolonialist movements in the developing world. He also describes how the War on Poverty's Community Action Programs transformed Indian Country by training bureaucrats and tribal leaders alike in new political skills and providing activists with the leverage they needed to advance the movement toward self-determination. This book shows how Native people who never embraced militancy--and others who did--made vital contributions as activists well before the American Indian Movement burst onto the scene. By highlighting the role of early intellectuals and activists like Sol Tax, Nancy Lurie, Robert K. Thomas, Helen Peterson, and Robert V. Dumont, Cobb situates AIM's efforts within a much broader context and reveals how Native people translated the politics of Cold War civil rights into the language of tribal sovereignty. Filled with fascinating portraits, Cobb's groundbreaking study expands our understanding of American Indian political activism and contributes significantly to scholarship on the War on Poverty, the 1960s, and postwar politics and social movements.

Cold War Civil Rights

Author : Mary L. Dudziak
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780691095134
Total Pages : 346 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (951 download)

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Book Synopsis Cold War Civil Rights by : Mary L. Dudziak

Download or read book Cold War Civil Rights written by Mary L. Dudziak and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2002-02-17 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1958, an African-American handyman named Jimmy Wilson was sentenced to die in Alabama for stealing two dollars. Shocking as this sentence was, it was overturned only after intense international attention and the interference of an embarrassed John Foster Dulles. Soon after the United States' segregated military defeated a racist regime in World War II, American racism was a major concern of U.S. allies, a chief Soviet propaganda theme, and an obstacle to American Cold War goals throughout Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Each lynching harmed foreign relations, and "the Negro problem" became a central issue in every administration from Truman to Johnson. In what may be the best analysis of how international relations affected any domestic issue, Mary Dudziak interprets postwar civil rights as a Cold War feature. She argues that the Cold War helped facilitate key social reforms, including desegregation. Civil rights activists gained tremendous advantage as the government sought to polish its international image. But improving the nation's reputation did not always require real change. This focus on image rather than substance--combined with constraints on McCarthy-era political activism and the triumph of law-and-order rhetoric--limited the nature and extent of progress. Archival information, much of it newly available, supports Dudziak's argument that civil rights was Cold War policy. But the story is also one of people: an African-American veteran of World War II lynched in Georgia; an attorney general flooded by civil rights petitions from abroad; the teenagers who desegregated Little Rock's Central High; African diplomats denied restaurant service; black artists living in Europe and supporting the civil rights movement from overseas; conservative politicians viewing desegregation as a communist plot; and civil rights leaders who saw their struggle eclipsed by Vietnam. Never before has any scholar so directly connected civil rights and the Cold War. Contributing mightily to our understanding of both, Dudziak advances--in clear and lively prose--a new wave of scholarship that corrects isolationist tendencies in American history by applying an international perspective to domestic affairs.

Reclaiming American Virtue

Author : Barbara J. Keys Keys
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674726030
Total Pages : 369 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (747 download)

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Book Synopsis Reclaiming American Virtue by : Barbara J. Keys Keys

Download or read book Reclaiming American Virtue written by Barbara J. Keys Keys and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2014-02-17 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The American commitment to promoting human rights abroad emerged in the 1970s as a surprising response to national trauma. In this provocative history, Barbara Keys situates this novel enthusiasm as a reaction to the profound challenge of the Vietnam War and its aftermath. Instead of looking inward for renewal, Americans on the right and the left looked outward for ways to restore America's moral leadership. Conservatives took up the language of Soviet dissidents to resuscitate the Cold War, while liberals sought to dissociate from brutally repressive allies like Chile and South Korea. When Jimmy Carter in 1977 made human rights a central tenet of American foreign policy, his administration struggled to reconcile these conflicting visions. Yet liberals and conservatives both saw human rights as a way of moving from guilt to pride. Less a critique of American power than a rehabilitation of it, human rights functioned for Americans as a sleight of hand that occluded from view much of America's recent past and confined the lessons of Vietnam to narrow parameters. From world's judge to world's policeman was a small step, and American intervention in the name of human rights would be a cause both liberals and conservatives could embrace.

When They Come for Us, We'll Be Gone

Author : Gal Beckerman
Publisher : HMH
ISBN 13 : 0547504438
Total Pages : 824 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (475 download)

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Book Synopsis When They Come for Us, We'll Be Gone by : Gal Beckerman

Download or read book When They Come for Us, We'll Be Gone written by Gal Beckerman and published by HMH. This book was released on 2010-09-23 with total page 824 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The “remarkable” story of the grass-roots movement that freed millions of Jews from the Soviet Union (The Plain Dealer). At the end of World War II, nearly three million Jews were trapped inside the USSR. They lived a paradox—unwanted by a repressive Stalinist state, yet forbidden to leave. When They Come for Us, We’ll Be Gone is the astonishing and inspiring story of their rescue. Journalist Gal Beckerman draws on newly released Soviet government documents as well as hundreds of oral interviews with refuseniks, activists, Zionist “hooligans,” and Congressional staffers. He shows not only how the movement led to a mass exodus in 1989, but also how it shaped the American Jewish community, giving it a renewed sense of spiritual purpose and teaching it to flex its political muscle. Beckerman also makes a convincing case that the effort put human rights at the center of American foreign policy for the very first time, helping to end the Cold War. This “wide-ranging and often moving” book introduces us to all the major players, from the flamboyant Meir Kahane, head of the paramilitary Jewish Defense League, to Soviet refusenik Natan Sharansky, who labored in a Siberian prison camp for over a decade, to Lynn Singer, the small, fiery Long Island housewife who went from organizing local rallies to strong-arming Soviet diplomats (The New Yorker). This “excellent” multigenerational saga, filled with suspense and packed with revelations, provides an essential missing piece of Cold War and Jewish history (The Washington Post).