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Author : Ramon Darnell
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780999221303
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (213 download)
Download or read book Human Earthquake written by Ramon Darnell and published by . This book was released on 2017-12-17 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An epic journey from innocences to the mean streets of south side Chicago
Author : Jelle Zeilinga de Boer
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400842859
Total Pages : 316 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)
Download or read book Volcanoes in Human History written by Jelle Zeilinga de Boer and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2012-01-02 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When the volcano Tambora erupted in Indonesia in 1815, as many as 100,000 people perished as a result of the blast and an ensuing famine caused by the destruction of rice fields on Sumbawa and neighboring islands. Gases and dust particles ejected into the atmosphere changed weather patterns around the world, resulting in the infamous ''year without a summer'' in North America, food riots in Europe, and a widespread cholera epidemic. And the gloomy weather inspired Mary Shelley to write the gothic novel Frankenstein. This book tells the story of nine such epic volcanic events, explaining the related geology for the general reader and exploring the myriad ways in which the earth's volcanism has affected human history. Zeilinga de Boer and Sanders describe in depth how volcanic activity has had long-lasting effects on societies, cultures, and the environment. After introducing the origins and mechanisms of volcanism, the authors draw on ancient as well as modern accounts--from folklore to poetry and from philosophy to literature. Beginning with the Bronze Age eruption that caused the demise of Minoan Crete, the book tells the human and geological stories of eruptions of such volcanoes as Vesuvius, Krakatau, Mount Pelée, and Tristan da Cunha. Along the way, it shows how volcanism shaped religion in Hawaii, permeated Icelandic mythology and literature, caused widespread population migrations, and spurred scientific discovery. From the prodigious eruption of Thera more than 3,600 years ago to the relative burp of Mount St. Helens in 1980, the results of volcanism attest to the enduring connections between geology and human destiny. Some images inside the book are unavailable due to digital copyright restrictions.
Author : Deborah R. Coen
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226111814
Total Pages : 358 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (261 download)
Download or read book The Earthquake Observers written by Deborah R. Coen and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2013 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earthquakes have taught us much about our planet's hidden structure and the forces that have shaped it. This book explains how observing networks transformed an instant of panic and confusion into a field for scientific research, turning earthquakes into natural experiments at the nexus of the physical and human sciences.
Author : Robin Spence
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9048194555
Total Pages : 329 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (481 download)
Download or read book Human Casualties in Earthquakes written by Robin Spence and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-01-03 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Assessment of human casualties in earthquakes has become a topic of vital importance for national and urban authorities responsible for emergency provision, for the development of mitigation strategies and for the development of adequate insurance schemes. In the last few years important work has been carried out on a number of recent events (including earthquakes in Kocaeli, Turkey 1999, Niigata Japan, 2004, Sichuan, China 2008 and L'Aquila,Italy 2009). These events have created new and detailed casualty data, which has not until now been properly assembled and evaluated. This book draws the new evidence from recent events together with existing knowledge. It summarises current trends in the understanding of the factors influencing the numbers and types of casualties in earthquakes; it offers methods to incorporate this understanding into the estimation of losses in future events in different parts of the world; it discusses ways in which pre-event mitigation activity and post-event emergency management can reduce the toll of casualties in future events; and it identifies future research needs.
Author : Jelle Zeilinga de Boer
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691234205
Total Pages : 319 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (912 download)
Download or read book Earthquakes in Human History written by Jelle Zeilinga de Boer and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2021-08-10 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On November 1, 1755--All Saints' Day--a massive earthquake struck Europe's Iberian Peninsula and destroyed the city of Lisbon. Churches collapsed upon thousands of worshippers celebrating the holy day. Earthquakes in Human History tells the story of that calamity and other epic earthquakes. The authors, Jelle Zeilinga de Boer and Donald Theodore Sanders, recapture the power of their previous book, Volcanoes in Human History. They vividly explain the geological processes responsible for earthquakes, and they describe how these events have had long-lasting aftereffects on human societies and cultures. Their accounts are enlivened with quotations from contemporary literature and from later reports. In the chaos following the Lisbon quake, government and church leaders vied for control. The Marquês de Pombal rose to power and became a virtual dictator. As a result, the Roman Catholic Jesuit Order lost much of its influence in Portugal. Voltaire wrote his satirical work Candide to refute the philosophy of "optimism," the belief that God had created a perfect world. And the 1755 earthquake sparked the search for a scientific understanding of natural disasters. Ranging from an examination of temblors mentioned in the Bible, to a richly detailed account of the 1906 catastrophe in San Francisco, to Japan's Great Kanto Earthquake of 1923, to the Peruvian earthquake in 1970 (the Western Hemisphere's greatest natural disaster), this book is an unequaled testament to a natural phenomenon that can be not only terrifying but also threatening to humankind's fragile existence, always at risk because of destructive powers beyond our control.
Author : Jonathan Todd Hancock
Publisher : UNC Press Books
ISBN 13 : 1469662191
Total Pages : 205 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (696 download)
Download or read book Convulsed States written by Jonathan Todd Hancock and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2021-02-17 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The New Madrid earthquakes of 1811–12 were the strongest temblors in the North American interior in at least the past five centuries. From the Great Plains to the Atlantic Coast and from the Great Lakes to the Gulf of Mexico, a broad cast of thinkers struggled to explain these seemingly unprecedented natural phenomena. They summoned a range of traditions of inquiry into the natural world and drew connections among signs of environmental, spiritual, and political disorder on the cusp of the War of 1812. Drawn from extensive archival research, Convulsed States probes their interpretations to offer insights into revivalism, nation remaking, and the relationship between religious and political authority across Native nations and the United States in the early nineteenth century. With a compelling narrative and rigorous comparative analysis, Jonathan Todd Hancock uses the earthquakes to bridge historical fields and shed new light on this pivotal era of nation remaking. Through varied peoples' efforts to come to grips with the New Madrid earthquakes, Hancock reframes early nineteenth-century North America as a site where all of its inhabitants wrestled with fundamental human questions amid prophecies, political reinventions, and war.
Author : Andres Peña Castro
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (125 download)
Download or read book Human Induced Earthquakes, Naturally Triggered Seismicity, and Their Interactions written by Andres Peña Castro and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Earthquakes have affected humanity for centuries. Nowdays, we know that earthquakes can interact with each other not only at short distances but also at distances as far as hundreds even thousands of kilometers. In a similar manner, industrial anthropogenic activities, such as injecting fluids underground, mining, and reservoir impoundment, are capable of interacting with pre-existing fault structures and triggering earthquakes with magnitudes as high as 5. This thesis aims to investigate such complex earthquake-earthquake interactions and human-earthquake interactions using observational approaches.First, I provide (Chapter 1) an introduction in the mechanisms of earthquake interactions and anthropogenic induced seismicity.Second, I study (Chapter 2) how the seismic waves from remote earthquakes with large magnitudes can trigger seismicity in Oklahoma (USA), where the occurrence of earthquakes has been linked withthe injection of water under the surface. Using statistical tests, I find that small stresses generated by the passage of seismic waves, are capable of triggering events in Oklahoma with some delay time.Third, I investigate (Chapter 3) a case of induced seismicity by hydraulic fracturing in the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin. Specifically, an earthquake with ML = 4:5 occurred on November 2018 inclose proximity to a horizontal injection well. The seismicity during the 20 day period surrounding the mainshock can be explained as a two step process: (i) fluid migration into the basement through afracture network or a nascent fault that trigger the large event, and (ii) the stress changes generated by the coseismic deformation of the mainshock trigger events at shallower depths close to the injectionwell.Motivated to study other types of induced seismicity different from the one examined in Chapter 3, I analyze a case of how underground coal mining in Germany, triggered seismic events (Chapter 4). Earthquakes in this area are low magnitude, but still felt by the population because they tend to occur at depths of 1 km or less. I find that earthquakes are generated by two main mechanisms: reactivation ofold fault structures and mine-collapse.Additionally, I compare (Chapter 5) three different earthquake detections methods using three test data sets in distinctive seismic zones in Canada: the Fort St. John area, the Charlevoix Seismic Zone, andthe Lower St. Lawrence Seismic Zone. Each of the seismic zones have different seismic background rates and inter-station distances that allow me to present improvements to the current catalog developed by Natural Resources Canada (NRCan). In some cases, I am able to double the number of events than the NRCan while other times the detections increase by nearly a factor of 10.Finally, I summarize (Chapter 6) final remarks and possible futurescopes about earthquake interactions"--
Author : Kathryn Miles
Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 0698411463
Total Pages : 370 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (984 download)
Download or read book Quakeland written by Kathryn Miles and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2017-08-29 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A journey around the United States in search of the truth about the threat of earthquakes leads to spine-tingling discoveries, unnerving experts, and ultimately the kind of preparations that will actually help guide us through disasters. It’s a road trip full of surprises. Earthquakes. You need to worry about them only if you’re in San Francisco, right? Wrong. We have been making enormous changes to subterranean America, and Mother Earth, as always, has been making some of her own. . . . The consequences for our real estate, our civil engineering, and our communities will be huge because they will include earthquakes most of us do not expect and cannot imagine—at least not without reading Quakeland. Kathryn Miles descends into mines in the Northwest, dissects Mississippi levee engineering studies, uncovers the horrific risks of an earthquake in the Northeast, and interviews the seismologists, structual engineers, and emergency managers around the country who are addressing this ground shaking threat. As Miles relates, the era of human-induced earthquakes began in 1962 in Colorado after millions of gallons of chemical-weapon waste was pumped underground in the Rockies. More than 1,500 quakes over the following seven years resulted. The Department of Energy plans to dump spent nuclear rods in the same way. Evidence of fracking’s seismological impact continues to mount. . . . Humans as well as fault lines built our “quakeland”. What will happen when Memphis, home of FedEx's 1.5-million-packages-a-day hub, goes offline as a result of an earthquake along the unstable Reelfoot Fault? FEMA has estimated that a modest 7.0 magnitude quake (twenty of these happen per year around the world) along the Wasatch Fault under Salt Lake City would put a $33 billion dent in our economy. When the Fukushima reactor melted down, tens of thousands were displaced. If New York’s Indian Point nuclear power plant blows, ten million people will be displaced. How would that evacuation even begin? Kathryn Miles’ tour of our land is as fascinating and frightening as it is irresistibly compelling.
Author : Henry Fountain
Publisher : Crown Publishing Group (NY)
ISBN 13 : 1101904062
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (19 download)
Download or read book The Great Quake written by Henry Fountain and published by Crown Publishing Group (NY). This book was released on 2017 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On March 27, 1964, at 5-36 p.m., the biggest earthquake ever recorded in North America--and the second biggest ever in the world, measuring 9.2 on the Richter scale--struck Alaska, devastating coastal towns and villages and killing more than 130 people in what was then a relatively sparsely populated region. In a riveting tale about the almost unimaginable brute force of nature, New York Times science journalist Henry Fountain, in his first trade book, re-creates the lives of the villagers and townspeople living in Chenega, Anchorage, and Valdez; describes the sheer beauty of the geology of the region, with its towering peaks and 20-mile-long glaciers; and reveals the impact of the quake on the towns, the buildings, and the lives of the inhabitants. George Plafker, a geologist for the U.S. Geological Survey with years of experience scouring the Alaskan wilderness, is asked to investigate the Prince William Sound region in the aftermath of the quake, to better understand its origins. His work confirmed the then controversial theory of plate tectonics that explained how and why such deadly quakes occur, and how we can plan for the next one.
Author : Junbo Jia
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3642318541
Total Pages : 859 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (423 download)
Download or read book Modern Earthquake Engineering written by Junbo Jia and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-10-01 with total page 859 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses applications of earthquake engineering for both offshore and land-based structures. It is self-contained as a reference work and covers a wide range of topics, including topics related to engineering seismology, geotechnical earthquake engineering, structural engineering, as well as special contents dedicated to design philosophy, determination of ground motions, shock waves, tsunamis, earthquake damage, seismic response of offshore and arctic structures, spatial varied ground motions, simplified and advanced seismic analysis methods, sudden subsidence of offshore platforms, tank liquid impacts during earthquakes, seismic resistance of non-structural elements, and various types of mitigation measures, etc. The target readership includes professionals in offshore and civil engineering, officials and regulators, as well as researchers and students in this field.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (243 download)
Download or read book Earthquake Information Bulletin written by and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Christian D. Klose
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780990316305
Total Pages : 174 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (163 download)
Download or read book Frack This! written by Christian D. Klose and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "With illustrations, charts, and tables, Dr. Klose, as a distinguished researcher, brings together leading-edge discoveries from top scientists around the world. With worrisome clarity, the author describes in simple terms and in a nontechnical language the fundamental concept of human-caused earthquakes and their root causes. He shows how everyone can lay groundwork to keep earthquake risks in perspective and how to stay safe."--Page 4 of cover.
Author : Jiuping Xu
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000462471
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)
Download or read book Earthquake Disasters written by Jiuping Xu and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-09-26 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores practices and approaches on pre-disaster prevention and post-disaster reconstruction for vulnerable countries and areas enhancing earthquake disaster resilience. Destructive earthquakes have frequently occurred in urban or rural areas around the world, causing severe damage on human societies. Pre-earthquake prevention and post-earthquake reconstruction effect the disaster resilience building and long-term development of the affected communities and areas. In recent years, researchers from around the world have made a lot of efforts to study on the theme ‘earthquake disaster prevention and reconstruction’. The chapters in this edited volume contribute to the literature of earthquake disaster research from scientific, social and institutional aspects. These interdisciplinary studies mainly focus on human and policy dimensions of earthquake disaster, such as earthquake risk mitigation, social-physical resilience building, resilience capability assessment, healthcare surge capacity, house reconstruction, the roles of schools, households, civil societies and public participation in earthquake disaster prevention and reconstruction. The authors come from several counties, including China, Bangladesh, Iran, New Zealand, Saudi Arabia, the United Kingdom, Denmark, and Indonesia, covering the cases from those countries prone to earthquakes. These nine distinctive chapters have been elaborately selected and integrated from the international, ranked, peer-reviewed journal, Environmental Hazards.
Author : Lebbeus Woods
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Earthquake! written by Lebbeus Woods and published by Springer. This book was released on 2001-11-06 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first title in the new RIEA Concepts series edited by Lebbeus Woods himself. Earthquake! explores the potential landscapes produced by architecture working in harmony with seismic forces to create new post-biblical relationships between the human and the natural.
Author : Congressional Research Congressional Research Service
Publisher : CreateSpace
ISBN 13 : 9781505876987
Total Pages : 26 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (769 download)
Download or read book Human-Induced Earthquakes from Deep-Well Injection written by Congressional Research Congressional Research Service and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-12-22 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of unconventional oil and natural gas resources using horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing (fracking) has created new demand for wastewater disposal wells that inject waste fluids into deep geologic strata. An increasing concern in the United States is that injection of these fluids may be responsible for increasing rates of seismic activity. The number of earthquakes of magnitude 3.0 or greater in the central and eastern United States has increased dramatically since about 2009, from an average of approximately 20 per year between 1970 and 2000 to over 100 per year in the period 2010-2013. Some of these earthquakes may be felt at the surface. For example, 20 earthquakes of magnitudes 4.0 to 4.8 have struck central Oklahoma since 2009. The largest earthquake in Oklahoma history (magnitude 5.6) occurred on November 5, 2011, near Prague, causing damage to several structures nearby. Central and northern Oklahoma were seismically active regions before the recent increase in the volume of waste fluid injection through deep wells. However, the recent earthquake swarm does not seem to be due to typical, random, changes in the rate of seismicity, according to the U.S. Geological Survey. The relationship between earthquake activity and the timing of injection, the amount and rate of fluid injected, and other factors are still uncertain and are current research topics. Despite increasing evidence linking some deep-well disposal activities with human-induced earthquakes, only a small fraction of the more than 30,000 U.S. wastewater disposal wells appears to be associated with damaging earthquakes. The potential for damaging earthquakes caused by hydraulic fracturing itself, as opposed to deep-well injection of wastewater from oil and gas activities, appears to be much smaller. Hydraulic fracturing intentionally creates fractures in rocks, and induces microseismicity, mostly of less than magnitude 1.0, too small to feel or cause damage. In a few cases, however, fracking has led directly to earthquakes larger than magnitude 2.0, including at sites in Oklahoma, Ohio, England, and Canada. The Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) Underground Injection Control (UIC) program under the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) regulates the subsurface injection of fluids to prevent endangerment of drinking water sources. EPA has established regulations for six classes of injection wells, including Class II wells used for the injection of fluids for enhanced oil and gas recovery and wastewater disposal. Most oil and gas states administer the UIC Class II program. The SDWA does not address seismicity, although EPA regulations for certain classes of injection wells require some evaluation of seismic risk. Such requirements do not apply to Class II wells; however, EPA has developed a framework for evaluating seismic risk when reviewing Class II permit applications in states where EPA administers this program. How Congress shapes EPA or other agency efforts to address and possibly mitigate human-caused earthquakes may be an issue in the 114th Congress. In 2011, in response to seismic events in Arkansas and Texas thought to be associated with wastewater disposal wells, EPA authorized a national UIC technical work group to develop recommendations to address the risk of Class II disposal-induced seismicity. EPA plans to issue a document outlining technical recommendations and best practices in early 2015. At the state level, several states have increased oversight of Class II wells in response to induced seismicity concerns. In 2014, state oil and gas and groundwater protection agencies established a work group to discuss Class II disposal wells and recent seismic events occurring in multiple states.
Author : Frederick Thomas
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1643270788
Total Pages : 104 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (432 download)
Download or read book The Physics of Destructive Earthquakes written by Frederick Thomas and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2018-10-30 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a concise introduction to the interactions between earthquakes and human-built structures (buildings, dams, bridges, power plants, pipelines and more). It focuses on the ways in which these interactions illustrate the application of basic physics principles and concepts, including inertia, force, shear, energy, acceleration, elasticity, friction and stability. It illustrates how conceptual and quantitative physics emerges in the day-to-day work of engineers, drawing from examples from regions and events which have experienced very violent earthquakes with massive loss of life and property. The authors of this book, a physics educator, a math educator, and a geotechnical engineer have set off on what might be considered a mining expedition; searching for ways in which introductory physics topics and methods can be better connected with careers of interest to non-physics majors. They selected "destructive earthquakes" as a place to begin because they are interesting and because future engineers represent a significant portion of the non-physics majors in introductory physics courses. Avoiding the extremes of treating applied physics either as a purely hands-on, conceptual experience or as a lengthy capstone project for learners who have become masters; the application in this book can be scattered throughout a broader physics course or individual learning experience.
Author : Susan Elizabeth Hough
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0195179137
Total Pages : 330 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (951 download)
Download or read book After the Earth Quakes written by Susan Elizabeth Hough and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earthquakes rank among the most terrifying natural disasters faced by mankind. Out of a clear blue sky-or worse, a jet black one-comes shaking strong enough to hurl furniture across the room, human bodies out of bed, and entire houses off of their foundations. When the dust settles, the immediate aftermath of an earthquake in an urbanized society can be profound. Phone and water supplies can be disrupted for days, fires erupt, and even a small number of overpass collapses can snarl traffic for months. However, when one examines the collective responses of developed societies to major earthquake disasters in recent historic times, a somewhat surprising theme emerges: not only determination, but resilience; not only resilience, but acceptance; not only acceptance, but astonishingly, humor. Elastic rebound is one of the most basic tenets of modern earthquake science, the term that scientists use to describe the build-up and release of energy along faults. It is also the best metaphor for societal responses to major earthquakes in recent historic times. After The Earth Quakes focuses on this theme, using a number of pivotal and intriguing historic earthquakes as illustration. The book concludes with a consideration of projected future losses on an increasingly urbanized planet, including the near-certainty that a future earthquake will someday claim over a million lives. This grim prediction impels us to take steps to mitigate earthquake risk, the innately human capacity for rebound notwithstanding.
