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How Does Hedging Affect Firm Value U2013 Evidence From The Us Airline Industry
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Book Synopsis How Does Hedging Affect Firm Value {u2013} Evidence from the U.S. Airline Industry by : Mengdong He
Download or read book How Does Hedging Affect Firm Value {u2013} Evidence from the U.S. Airline Industry written by Mengdong He and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT How Does Hedging Affect Firm Value – Evidence from the U.S. Airline Industry Mengdong He This study examines the relation between jet fuel hedging and firm value using a sample of 36 publicly-traded U.S. airlines over the period 1992 to 2013. We find a positive hedging premium which suggests that jet fuel hedging adds value to airlines. We then focus our analyses on the specific ways in which jet fuel hedging by airlines can affect firm value. Specifically, we investigate the effect of jet fuel hedging on firm value based on different hedging levels, different levels of jet fuel exposures, different hedger types, different operating costs spent on jet fuel, and different levels of jet fuel price volatility. Our results suggest that airlines can maximize their firm value by increasing the hedged proportion of next year's jet fuel requirements hedged, particularly when they are at a medium level (between 11% and 36%). Next, we find evidence which suggests that selective hedging strategies can help increase an airline’s firm value. In addition, our results suggest that airlines can increase their firm value significantly by increasing the amount of jet fuel hedged if the amount of their operating costs spent on jet fuel is high (> 27%). Fourthly, our results show that investors appear to value jet fuel hedging more in periods of high jet fuel price volatility. For different levels of jet fuel exposures, we find no evidence that the effect of jet fuel hedging on firm value will show any significant differences based on different levels of jet fuel exposures.
Book Synopsis The Effects of Hedging on Firm Value and Analyst Forecast Accuracy by : Rueyjiau Lin
Download or read book The Effects of Hedging on Firm Value and Analyst Forecast Accuracy written by Rueyjiau Lin and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Aviation Fuel Hedging and Firm Value Analysis Using Dynamic Panel Data Methodology by : Ahmet Duran
Download or read book Aviation Fuel Hedging and Firm Value Analysis Using Dynamic Panel Data Methodology written by Ahmet Duran and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Purpose: Investigation of the relation between firms' values and aviation fuel hedging activities via a dynamic panel data methodology for the major U.S. passenger airlines during the period 2002-2011. Design/methodology/approach: We use data from nine U.S. major passenger airlines representing 77.2 per cent of the U.S. domestic airline industry, in terms of available seat miles. The data is taken from the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) 10-K filings, the Bloomberg database and the Bureau of Transportation Statistics. In accordance with the dynamic panel data methodology, we use cross-sectional dependence tests, first generation panel unit root tests, the Durbin-Hausman panel co-integration test, and the panel fully modified ordinary least square estimator, respectively. Findings: The Durbin-Hausman panel co-integration (DHp) test reveals a statistically significant long run relationship between firms' values and aviation fuel hedging activities for the U.S. major passenger airlines. Moreover, the results of the fully modified least square estimation suggest that aviation fuel hedging has positive impact on those firms' values. Additionally, we discuss the U.S. major passenger airlines loss of ten to fifteen per cent of their value in the global financial crisis. Another important finding is that merger agreements results in an almost 10 per cent increase in those firms' values. Research limitations/implications: Clear hedging information was manually searched for in the airlines' annual audited reports. This process was both time consuming, and labour intensive. Originality/value: This is the first study that focuses exclusively on the major U.S. passenger airlines, for the effects of hedging strategies on firm value. Furthermore, we use the DHp test which allows for a co-integration relationship in the case of integrated of different order series.
Book Synopsis Fuel Hedging and Risk Management by : Simo M. Dafir
Download or read book Fuel Hedging and Risk Management written by Simo M. Dafir and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-04-25 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A hands-on guide to navigating the new fuel markets Fuel Hedging and Risk Management: Strategies for Airlines, Shippers and Other Consumers provides a clear and practical understanding of commodity price dynamics, key fuel hedging techniques, and risk management strategies for the corporate fuel consumer. It covers the commodity markets and derivative instruments in a manner accessible to corporate treasurers, financial officers, risk managers, commodity traders, structurers, as well as quantitative professionals dealing in the energy markets. The book includes a wide variety of key topics related to commodities and derivatives markets, financial risk analysis of commodity consumers, hedge program design and implementation, vanilla derivatives and exotic hedging products. The book is unique in providing intuitive guidance on understanding the dynamics of forward curves and volatility term structure for commodities, fuel derivatives valuation and counterparty risk concepts such as CVA, DVA and FVA. Fully up-to-date and relevant, this book includes comprehensive case studies that illustrate the hedging process from conception to execution and monitoring of hedges in diverse situations. This practical guide will help the reader: Gain expert insight into all aspects of fuel hedging, price and volatility drivers and dynamics. Develop a framework for financial risk analysis and hedge programs. Navigate volatile energy markets by employing effective risk management techniques. Manage unwanted risks associated with commodity derivatives by understanding liquidity and credit risk calculations, exposure optimization techniques, credit charges such as CVA, DVA, FVA, etc.
Book Synopsis Investment Risk Management by : Harold Kent Baker
Download or read book Investment Risk Management written by Harold Kent Baker and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2015 with total page 709 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Investment Risk Management provides an overview of developments in risk management and a synthesis of research on the subject. The chapters examine ways to alter exposures through measuring and managing risk exposures and provide an understanding of the latest strategies and trends within risk management.
Book Synopsis The Economic Effects of Air Transport Market Liberalisation by : Eyden Samunderu
Download or read book The Economic Effects of Air Transport Market Liberalisation written by Eyden Samunderu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 740 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Corporate Risk Management by : Georges Dionne
Download or read book Corporate Risk Management written by Georges Dionne and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-04-30 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An updated review of the theories and applications of corporate risk management After the financial crisis of 2008, issues concerning corporate risk management arose that demand new levels of oversight. Corporate Risk Management is an important guide to the topic that puts the focus on the corporate finance dimension of risk management. The author—a noted expert on the topic—presents several theoretical models appropriate for various industries and empirically verifies theoretical propositions. The book also proposes statistical modeling that can evaluate the importance of different risks and their variations according to economic cycles. The book provides an analysis of default, liquidity, and operational risks as well as the failures of LTCM, ENRON, and financial institutions that occurred during the financial crisis. The author also explores Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR), which is central to the debate on the measurement of market risk under Basel III. This important book: Includes a comprehensive review of the aspects of corporate risk management Presents statistical modeling that addresses recent risk management issues Contains an analysis of risk management failures that lead to the 2008 financial crisis Offers a must-have resource from author Georges Dionne the former editor of The Journal of Risk and Insurance Corporate Risk Management provides a modern empirical analysis of corporate risk management across industries. It is designed for use by risk management professionals, academics, and graduate students.
Book Synopsis Does Hedging Add Value? Evidence from the Global Airline Industry by : Rueyjian Lin
Download or read book Does Hedging Add Value? Evidence from the Global Airline Industry written by Rueyjian Lin and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines whether jet fuel hedging increases the market value of airline companies around the world. Using a sample of 69 airline companies from 32 countries over the period 1995 to 2005, we find that jet fuel hedging is positively related to market value. This positive relationship holds in the various sub-samples and is significant for US and non-alliance firms. Moreover, our results show that the risk-taking behavior of executives and the tendency to avoid financial distress are important determinants for the jet fuel hedging activities of non-US and non-alliance airline companies. Alleviating the problem of underinvestment is also an important factor to explain the jet fuel hedging activities of US and non-alliance firms. Our results add support to the growing body of literature which finds that hedging increases firm value for global airline companies.
Book Synopsis Does Fuel Hedging Make Economic Sense? The Case of the Us Airline Industry by : David Carter
Download or read book Does Fuel Hedging Make Economic Sense? The Case of the Us Airline Industry written by David Carter and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper investigates the fuel hedging behavior of firms in the US airline industry during 1994-2000 to examine whether such hedging is a source of value for these companies. The investment climate in the airline industry conforms well to the theoretic framework of Froot, Scharfstein, and Stein (1993). Specifically, airline industry investment opportunities correlate positively with jet fuel costs, while higher fuel costs are consistent with lower cash flow. Given that jet fuel costs are hedgeable, airlines with a desire for expansion may find value in hedging future purchases of jet fuel. The results show that jet fuel hedging is positively related to airline firm value. The coefficients on hedging indicator variables in regression analysis suggest that the hedging premium constitutes approximately a 12-16% increase in firm value. We find that the positive relation between hedging and value increases in capital investment. This result is consistent with the assertion that the principal benefit of jet fuel hedging by airlines comes from reduction of underinvestment costs.
Book Synopsis Islamic Corporate Finance by : M. Kabir Hassan
Download or read book Islamic Corporate Finance written by M. Kabir Hassan and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-06-04 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most existing texts covering topics in Islamic finance discuss the potential of Islamic banking; very few talk about other forms of financing and the investment activities of Islamic firms from the standpoint of owners and managers. This book fills this gap by looking at the traditional as well as non-traditional financing and investment activities of shariah-compliant companies. The chapters in this edited text offer a full range of topics on corporate finance for Islamic firms, including global comparisons of shariah screening, dividend policy and capital structure of Islamic firms, details of global Islamic equity markets, trends and performance of sukuk markets, and a brief account of derivative securities that can be used in Islamic finance. This is a useful reference for anyone who wishes to learn more about the performance of shariah-compliant companies vis-à-vis conventional firms. The book includes both technical and non-technical information that would be suitable for classroom teaching as well as a reference for postgraduate research students.
Book Synopsis Does Hedging Affect Firm Value? by : Erik P. Gilje
Download or read book Does Hedging Affect Firm Value? written by Erik P. Gilje and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Finance and Risk Management for International Logistics and the Supply Chain by : Stephen Gong
Download or read book Finance and Risk Management for International Logistics and the Supply Chain written by Stephen Gong and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-08-23 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Finance and Risk Management for International Logistics and the Supply Chain presents a detailed overview of financial and risk management tools, activity-based costing, and multi-criteria decision-making, providing comprehensive guidance for those researching and working in logistics and supply chain management. The book breaks new ground, combining the expertise of leading authorities to analyze and navigate the funding components for these critical transportation functions. As the international logistics and supply chain transportation fields have recently received heavy investments, this research and the theory behind it provide a timely update on risk management, finance and legal and environmental impacts. Users will find sections that address the wide-ranging issues related to this emerging field that are presented from an international and holistic perspective. Provides a valuable reference covering the full slate of financial issues of interest to global players in the international transport, logistics and supply chain industries Covers a truly international perspective, addressing a diverse variety of worldwide transport, logistics and supply chain contexts Features finance and risk-management strategies related to the banking industry, exchange rates, fuel prices, climate-related funding, freight derivatives and legal aspects
Book Synopsis Does Hedging Success Matter? by : Brian Hornung
Download or read book Does Hedging Success Matter? written by Brian Hornung and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Airlines commonly employ hedging as a risk management strategy to protect themselves against sudden, unpredictable increases in the price of jet fuel. In a seminal paper by Carter, Rogers, and Simkins (2006), it is established that jet fuel hedging by airlines increases the firm value of the airline. This dissertation replicates their study using an expanded dataset over a greater period of time. This study finds a smaller "hedging premium" than Carter, Rogers, and Simkins (2006). It is shown that the leasing of aircraft plays an important role in the relationship between the hedging premium and capital expenditures. The measure of jet fuel hedging used in the previous studies, the percentage of next year's fuel requirements hedged, accounts for the amount of hedging done by the airline, but it does not consider the performance of the jet fuel hedges. This dissertation for the first time determines the effect of jet fuel hedging performance, as measured by the realized gains and losses from jet fuel hedging, on the value of the firm. The analyses find that the realized gains and losses have a negative relationship with firm value. However, after identifying outliers (such as the significant hedging losses in 2009 resulting from falling jet fuel prices during the financial crisis) using a simple box plot and removing them from the sample, realized gains and losses show a positive correlation with firm value. Furthermore, successful hedging may induce principal-agent issues such as buying market share behavior. When an airline experiences a run of hedging success, a manager may mistakenly believe that the cost of jet fuel is decreasing. This is not the case, however, as the cost of using jet fuel is the price that can be received selling it on the open market, not the price paid for the jet fuel. A manager may attempt to pass on the "savings" to consumers in the form of lower fares, lowering the price below its profit-maximizing level. This in turn can increase the airline's market share, although it comes at the expense of reduced profit. This dissertation tests the relationship between successful jet fuel hedging and market share. A positive and statistically significant correlation between successful hedging and market share is found for Southwest Airlines and American Airlines, two carriers known for successful hedging, but statistically insignificant results for smaller carriers Alaska Airlines and JetBlue Airways.
Book Synopsis Derivative Hedging and Value in the European Airline Industry by : Timur Kovacevic
Download or read book Derivative Hedging and Value in the European Airline Industry written by Timur Kovacevic and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Firms' attempts to increase firm value, and that hedging can in fact improve these firms' values. To empirically examine these claims and theoretical predictions of hedging practices and impact on firm value in the airline industry, a quantitative analysis is conducted. The findings do not, however, uniformly support these expectations. Possible explanations are discussed, and overall the question of whether hedging can directly increase firm value, remains relatively open.
Download or read book Supply Chain Finance written by Lima Zhao and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-05-02 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook presents a coherent and robust structure for integrated risk management in the context of operations and finance. It explains how the operations-finance interface jointly optimizes material and financial flows under intricate risk exposures. The book covers financial flexibility, operational hedging, enterprise risk management (ERM), supply chain risk management (SCRM), integrated risk management (IRM), supply chain finance (SCF), and financial management of supply chain strategies. Both qualitative and quantitative approaches – including conceptualization, theory building, analytical modeling, and empirical research – are used to assess the value creation by integrating operations and finance. “This book provides a comprehensive description of the interactions between finance and operations and of how managers can best make decisions in recognition of these effects.” John R. Birge, University of Chicago“Supply chain finance is an emerging area where innovations can unlock great values to complement the advances in information and physical flows of supply chain.” Hau L. Lee, Stanford University“This book provides an excellent overview of supply chain finance and its most recent advances.” Jan A. Van Mieghem, Northwestern University“This book is indispensable for advanced students as well as practitioners when looking for a pedagogical sound and scientific rigorous approach to Supply Chain Finance.” Ralf W. Seifert, IMD/EPFL“The book advances our knowledge on the interface between operations and finance and provides managerial guidelines for effective risk management in the supply chain.” Xiande Zhao, CEIBS
Book Synopsis Handbook of Corporate Finance by : David J. Denis
Download or read book Handbook of Corporate Finance written by David J. Denis and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2024-02-12 with total page 709 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Expertly surveying the realm of corporate finance, this adroitly-crafted Handbook offers a wealth of conceptual analysis and comprehensively outlines recent scholarly research and developments within the field. It not only delves into the theoretical dimensions of corporate finance, but also explores its practical implications, thereby bridging the gap between these distinct strands.
Book Synopsis Corporate Risk Management for International Business by : Ayse Kucuk Yilmaz
Download or read book Corporate Risk Management for International Business written by Ayse Kucuk Yilmaz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-05-18 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents research on how businesses can be empowered to manage their company’s risk exposure in international settings. It elaborates on approaches that advocate the minimizing of threats and sizing opportunities as the best strategy through which corporate objectives are maximized. With a focus on international business management, the book starts off with a review of literature and companies that are international in nature, before presenting several main chapters that highlight the different vital sides of both international business and risk management. Corporate Risk Management for International Business serves as a key source for managers and academic researchers in risk management and strategy to understand all related issues of managing risks and setting strategies in global way. The book also serves as a decision making guide for managers that are active in volatile and dynamic environments of international business.
