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Hot Gas Desulfurization With Sorbents Containing Oxides Of Zinc Iron Vanadium And Copper Quarterly Technical Progress Report July 1992
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Book Synopsis Hot Gas Desulfurization with Sorbents Containing Oxides of Zinc, Iron, Vanadium and Copper. Quarterly Technical Progress Report, July 1992 by :
Download or read book Hot Gas Desulfurization with Sorbents Containing Oxides of Zinc, Iron, Vanadium and Copper. Quarterly Technical Progress Report, July 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main objective of this research is to evaluate the desulfurization performance of novel sorbents consisting of different combinations of zinc, iron, vanadium and copper oxides; and to develop a sorbent which can reduce H2S levels to less than 1 ppmv, which can stabilize zinc, making operations above 650°C possible, and which can produce economically recoverable amounts of elemental sulfur during regeneration. This objective will be accomplished by evaluating the sorbent performance using fixed-bed and TGA experiments supported by sorbent characterization at various reaction extents. In the seventh quarter, the screening of the promoted sorbents in the packed bed reactor was continued. The results of this work were presented at the 1992 University Coal Research Contractors, Review Conference at Pittsburgh, PA.
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 754 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Hot Gas Desulfurization with Sorbents Containing Oxides of Zinc, Iron, Vanadium and Copper. Quarterly Technical Progress Report by :
Download or read book Hot Gas Desulfurization with Sorbents Containing Oxides of Zinc, Iron, Vanadium and Copper. Quarterly Technical Progress Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main objective of this research is to evaluate the desulfurization performance of novel sorbents consisting of different combinations of zinc, iron, vanadium and copper oxides; and to develop a sorbent which can reduce H2S levels to less than 1 ppmv, which can stabilize zinc, making operations above 650°C possible, and which can produce economically recoverable amounts of elemental sulfur during regeneration. This objective will be accomplished by evaluating the sorbent performance using fixed-bed and TGA experiments supported by sorbent characterization at various reaction extents. The work done in the fourth quarter can be summarized as follows: (1) Calibration of the gas chromatograph for low and high H2S and SO2 is completed. (2) The determination of surface areas and densities of the promoted sorbents is completed. (3) Preliminary screening of the promoted sorbents in the packed bed reactor has started.
Book Synopsis Hot Gas Desulfurization with Sorbents Containing Oxides of Zinc, Iron, Vanadium and Copper by :
Download or read book Hot Gas Desulfurization with Sorbents Containing Oxides of Zinc, Iron, Vanadium and Copper written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main objective of this research is to evaluate the desulfurization performance of novel sorbents consisting of different combinations of zinc, iron, vanadium and copper oxides; and to develop a sorbent which can reduce H2S levels to less than 1 ppmv, which can stabilize zinc, making operations above 650°C possible, and which can produce economically recoverable amounts of elemental sulfur during regeneration. This objective will be accomplished by evaluating the sorbent performance using fixed-bed and TGA experiments supported by sorbent characterization at various reaction extents. In the seventh quarter, the screening of the promoted sorbents in the packed bed reactor was continued. The results of this work were presented at the 1992 University Coal Research Contractors, Review Conference at Pittsburgh, PA.
Book Synopsis Government Reports Annual Index by :
Download or read book Government Reports Annual Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 1832 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Government Reports Announcements & Index by :
Download or read book Government Reports Announcements & Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 1088 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Hot Gas Desulfurization with Sorbents Containing Mixed Metal Oxides. Final Report, October 1, 1990--December 31, 1992 by :
Download or read book Hot Gas Desulfurization with Sorbents Containing Mixed Metal Oxides. Final Report, October 1, 1990--December 31, 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this project the sulfidation and regeneration behavior of vanadium-promoted zinc ferrite sorbents was investigated by microreactor studies and physical characterization of the promoted sorbents. The discussion of results are presented for the fresh and used sorbent characterizations Zn-Fe-V-O, and standard sulfidation and regeneration experiments followed by the discussion of the effects of sulfidation temperature, calcination temperature, and the water vapor content of the simulated fuel gas.
Book Synopsis Hot Coal Gas Desulfurization with Manganese-based Sorbents. Annual Report, September 1992--September 1993 by :
Download or read book Hot Coal Gas Desulfurization with Manganese-based Sorbents. Annual Report, September 1992--September 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The focus of work being performed on Hot Coal Gas Desulfurization at the Morgantown Energy Technology Center is primarily in the use of zinc ferrite and zinc titanate sorbents; however, prior studies at the US Steel Fundamental Research Laboratories in Monroeville, PA, by E.T. Turkdogan indicated that an alternate sorbent, manganese dioxide-containing ore in mixture with alumina (75 wt % ore + 25 wt % Al2O3) may be a viable alternative to zinc-based sorbents. Manganese, for example, has a lower vapor pressure in the elemental state than zinc hence it is not as likely to undergo depletion from the sorbent surface upon loading and regeneration cycles. Also manganese oxide is less readily reduced to the elemental state than iron hence the range of reduction potentials for oxygen is somewhat greater than for zinc ferrite. In addition, thermodynamic analysis of the manganese-oxygen-sulfur system shows it to be less amenable to sulfation than zinc ferrite. Potential also exists for utilization of manganese at higher temperatures than zinc ferrite or zinc titanate. This Annual Topical Report documents progress in pelletizing and testing via thermo-gravimetric analysis of individual pellet formulations of manganese ore/ alumina combinations and also manganese carbonate/alumina with two binders, dextrin and bentonite. It includes the prior Quarterly Technical Reports which indicate that the manganese carbonate material, being of higher purity than the manganese ore, has a higher degree of sulfur capacity and more rapid absorption kinetics. A 2-inch fixed-bed reactor has been fabricated and is now ready for subjecting pellets to cyclic loading and regeneration.
Book Synopsis Developments of Advanced Hot-gas Desulfurization Sorbents. Quarterly Technical Progress Report, April--June 1995 by :
Download or read book Developments of Advanced Hot-gas Desulfurization Sorbents. Quarterly Technical Progress Report, April--June 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objectives of this project are to develop hot-gas cleanup sorbents for relatively lower temperature application, with emphasis on the temperature range from 343-538°C. The candidate sorbents include highly dispersed mixed metal oxides of zinc, iron, copper, cobalt and molybdenum. The specific objective in the successful preparation of H2S absorbents will be to generate as high and as stable a surface area as possible, in order to develop suitable sorbent, that are sufficiently reactive and regenerable at the relatively lower temperatures of interest in this work. A number of formulations will be prepared and screened for testing in a 1/2-inch fixed bed reactor at high pressure (1 to 20 atm) and high temperatures using simulated coal-derived fuel-gases. Screening criteria will include, chemical reactivity, stability, and regenerability over the temperature range of 343°C (650°F) to 538°C (1000°F). Each formulation will be tested for up to 5 cycles of absorption and regeneration. To prevent sulfation, catalyst additives will be investigated, which would promote a lower ignition of the regeneration. Selected superior formulation will be tested for long term (up to least 30 cycles) durability and chemical reactivity in the reactor.
Book Synopsis Hot Coal Gas Desulfurization with Manganese-based Sorbents. Second [quarterly] Technical Report, December 1, 1992--March 1, 1993 by :
Download or read book Hot Coal Gas Desulfurization with Manganese-based Sorbents. Second [quarterly] Technical Report, December 1, 1992--March 1, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At present, the focus of work being performed on Hot Coal Gas Desulfurization is primarily in the use of zinc ferrite and zinc titanate sorbents; however studies at the US Steel Fundamental Research Laboratories in Monroeville, PA, by E.T. Turkdogan indicate that an alternate sorbent, manganese dioxide-containing ore in mixture with alumina (75 wt % ore + 25 wt % Al2O3) may be a preferable alternative to zinc-based sorbents. A significant domestic source of manganese in Minnesota is being explored for an in situ leach process which has potential for producing large tonnages of solutions which may be ideal for precipitation and recovery of pure manganese as a carbonate in a reactive form. In the current program the following studies will be addressed: Preparation of manganese sorbent pellets and characterization tests on pellets for strength and surface area; analysis of the thermodynamics and kinetics of sulfur removal from hot fuel gases by individual sorbent pellets (loading tests) by thermogravimetric testing; regeneration tests via TGA on individual sorbent pellets by oxidation; and bench-scale testing on sorbent beds in a two-inch diameter reactor. The developed information will be of value to METC in its determination of whether or not a manganese-based regenerable sorbent holds real promise for sulfur cleanup of hot fuel gases. This information is necessary prior to pilot-scale testing leading to commercial development is undertaken.
Book Synopsis Hot Coal Gas Desulfurization with Manganese-based Sorbents. Quarterly Report, October--December 1993 by :
Download or read book Hot Coal Gas Desulfurization with Manganese-based Sorbents. Quarterly Report, October--December 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The focus of work being performed on Hot Coal Gas Desulfurization at the Morgantown Energy Technology Center is primarily in the use of zinc ferrite and zinc titanate sorbents; however, prior studies indicated that an alternate sorbent, manganese dioxide-containing ore in mixture with alumina (75 wt% ore + 25 wt% Al2O3) may be a viable alternative to zinc-based sorbents. Manganese, for example, has a lower vapor pressure in the elemental state than zinc hence it is not as likely to undergo depletion from the sorbent surface upon loading and regeneration cycles. Also manganese oxide is less readily reduced to the elemental state than iron hence the range of reduction potentials for oxygen is somewhat greater than for zinc ferrite. In addition, thermodynamic analysis of the manganese-oxygen-sulfur system shows it to be less amenable to sulfation than zinc ferrite. Potential also exists for utilization of manganese at higher temperatures than zinc ferrite or zinc titanate. This Fifth Quarterly Report documents progress in pellet testing via thermogravimetric analysis of pellet formulation FORM4-A of a manganese ore/alumina combination. This formulation, described more fully in the Quarterly Technical Progress Report of October 15, 1993, consists of manganese carbonate combined with alundum. A 2-inch fixed-bed reactor has been fabricated and is now ready for subjecting pellets to cyclic loading and regeneration; however, a minor problem has arisen during the regeneration cycle in that sulfur tends to form and plug the exit tube during the early stage of regeneration. This problem is about to be overcome by increasing the flow rate of air during the regeneration cycle resulting in more oxidizing conditions and hence less tendency for sulfide sulfur (S{sup =}) to oxidize to the intermediate elemental form (S{sup o}) rather than to 4-valent (S{sup +4}).
Book Synopsis Hot Coal Gas Desulfurization with Manganese Based Sorbents. Quarterly Report, June--September 1994 by :
Download or read book Hot Coal Gas Desulfurization with Manganese Based Sorbents. Quarterly Report, June--September 1994 written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The focus of work being performed on hot coal gas desulfurization at the Morgantown Energy Technology Center is primarily in the use of zinc titanate sorbents; however, prior studies indicated that an alternate sorbent, manganese dioxide-containing ore in mixture with alumina (75 wt% ore + 25 wt% Al2O3) appears to be a strong contender to zinc-based sorbents. Manganese, for example, has a lower vapor pressure in the elemental state than zinc; hence, it is not as likely to undergo zinc-depletion from the sorbent surface upon loading and regeneration cycles. Also manganese oxide is less readily reduced to the elemental state than iron; hence, the range of reduction potentials for oxygen is somewhat greater than for zinc ferrite. In addition, thermodynamic analysis of the manganese-oxygen-sulfur system shows it to be less amenable to sulfation than zinc ferrite. Also manganese chlorides are much less stable and volatile than zinc chlorides. Potential also exists for utilization of manganese at higher temperatures than zinc ferrite or zinc titanate. This Eighth Quarterly Report documents progress in pelletizing and testing via thermo-gravimetric analysis of individual pellet formulations of manganese ore/alumina combinations and also manganese carbonate/alumina with two binders, dextrin and bentonite.
Book Synopsis Hot Gas Desulfurization with Oxides of Zinc, Iron, and Vanadium by :
Download or read book Hot Gas Desulfurization with Oxides of Zinc, Iron, and Vanadium written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this study is to develop an improved sorbent which can reduce H2S levels up to 1 ppmv or less, which can stabilize zinc, and produce economically recoverable amounts of elemental sulfur during regeneration. For this purpose, the desulfurization performance of sorbents prepared by the addition of various amounts of V2O5 to the zinc ferrite sorbent is investigated.
Book Synopsis Development of Novel Copper-based Sorbents for Hot Gas Cleanup. Technical Report, December 1, 1992--February 28, 1993 by :
Download or read book Development of Novel Copper-based Sorbents for Hot Gas Cleanup. Technical Report, December 1, 1992--February 28, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this investigation is to evaluate two novel copper-based sorbents (i.e. copper-chromium and copper-cerium) for their effectiveness in removing hydrogen sulfide from fuel gas in the temperature range of 650° to 850°C. New sorbent compositions from the selected Cu-Cr-O and Cu-Ce-O binary oxides were prepared and characterized by BET N2-desorption surface area measurement following various calcination/time-temperature exposures. The general trends reported last quarter (on 11 different compositions) were validated this quarter in that both binary oxides lose surface area as the amount of CuO is increased. Time-resolved sulfidation tests were conducted at 850°C using the equimolar CuO. Cr2O3 composition. The two selected binary oxides prepared in larger qauntities (for testing in a two-inch reactor) have physical properties typical of the sorbents prepared in past programs. Two multicycle desulfurization tests, conducted this quarter on the Cu-Ce-O sorbent at 850°C, using a feed gas containing 5000 ppm H2S, 10 vol % H2 and 10 vol % H2O at a space velocity (STP) of 2000 h−1, demonstrated high sulfur removal efficiency for the first one or two cycles, and a significant reduction in efficiency in the following cycles.
Book Synopsis Kinetics of Mn-based Sorbents for Hot Coal Gas Desulfurization. Quarterly Progress Report, March 15, 1995--July 15, 1995 by :
Download or read book Kinetics of Mn-based Sorbents for Hot Coal Gas Desulfurization. Quarterly Progress Report, March 15, 1995--July 15, 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hot gas desulfurization may be accomplished by using solid sorbents such as oxides of those metals that form stable sulfides. The effectiveness of a desulfurizing agent in treating such gases is related to the predicted equilibrium partial pressure of hydrogen sulfide which will be present in a phase combination of the reduced form of sulfide and oxide phases. The focus of much current work being performed by the Department of Energy on sorbent development is in the use of zinc ferrite, zinc titanate, and Z-Sorb. The latter sorbent is a commercial product consisting of ZnO, a promoter, and a proprietary supporting matrix designed to provide stability and prolong sorbent life. Although these Zn-based sorbents have been the subject of extensive pilot-scale and process development work, all sorbents produced to date still experience structural and reactive degradation over multi-cycle use at relatively moderate temperatures. An effective alternative to zinc-based sorbents could be manganese sorbents which withstand high temperature operation and also maintain structural and reactive integrity over many cycles, as investigations by Ben-Slimane and Hepworth have indicated. Thermodynamic limits may prevent MnO from achieving the low sulfur specifications of the product gas for use in a molten carbonate fuel cell, but under the correct conditions the guideline for IGCC systems can easily be achieved. Furthermore, manganese sorbents could possibly be used in conjunction with a polishing sorbent (such as zinc oxide) possessing more favorable thermodynamic properties to reach levels acceptable for fuel cell applications (
Book Synopsis Hot Gas Desulfurization with Sorbents Containing Mixed Metal Oxides by :
Download or read book Hot Gas Desulfurization with Sorbents Containing Mixed Metal Oxides written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced power generation systems such as the integrated gasification combined cycle power generators and the molten carbonate fuel cells have stringent fuel gas desulfurization requirements and process economics dictates that this desulfurization be performed near the temperature of the gasification off-gas. The most advanced hot gas desulfurization technology today is based on the zinc ferrite sorbent which has several shortcomings such as zinc loss by evaporation, and incomplete regeneration due to sulfate formation. The objective of this study is to develop an improved sorbent which can reduce H2S levels to 1 ppmv or less, which can stabilize zinc, and produce economically recoverable amounts of elemental sulfur during regeneration. For this purpose, the desulfurization performance.of sorbents prepared by the addition of various amounts of V205 to the zinc ferrite sorbent is investigated. Preliminary experiments show that the sorbent containing about 4.8 mass % vanadium shows a superior desulfurization performance compared to zinc ferrite. Addition of vanadium suppresses residual sulfate formation and possibly zinc evaporation. significant quantities of elemental sulfur were observed after the regeneration of vanadium containing sorbents.
Book Synopsis Composition Modification of Zinc Titanate Sorbents for Hot Gas Desulfurization. Quarterly Technical Report, September 1, 1994--November 30, 1994 by :
Download or read book Composition Modification of Zinc Titanate Sorbents for Hot Gas Desulfurization. Quarterly Technical Report, September 1, 1994--November 30, 1994 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For new coal gasification systems, zinc titanate sorbents are being developed to remove sulfur from the hot product gas prior to its use in combined cycle turbines and high temperature fuel cells. Although most of the properties of these sorbents are very attractive, there are still concerns about durability over many sulfidation-regeneration cycles and zinc losses due to vaporization. Doping the zinc titanate with other metal ions could alleviate both concerns, which are the objectives of this project. During the first quarter of effort, several sorbent formulations were prepared and testing begun. The dopants presently under study are Ni, Cr, Cu, and Al. Crush strength results obtained to date show that Ni and Cu dopants have a large positive effect, while Cr gives a small improvement. Measurements were also made of sulfur capacity and sulfidation rates with a thermogravimetric analyzer. Of the three formulations, only the one containing Cr had a high sulfur capacity. X-ray measurements will be relied upon heavily to obtain an understanding of solubility effects and sulfidation mechanisms. Screening experiments will continue on the doped sorbents mentioned above next quarter, and Mg will be studied also.
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