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High Pressure Catalytic Reactions Of C6 Hydrocarbons On Platinum Single Crystals And Nanoparticles
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Book Synopsis High-pressure Catalytic Reactions of C6 Hydrocarbons on Platinum Single-crystals and Nanoparticles by : Kaitlin Bratlie
Download or read book High-pressure Catalytic Reactions of C6 Hydrocarbons on Platinum Single-crystals and Nanoparticles written by Kaitlin Bratlie and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis High-Pressure Catalytic Reactions of C6 Hydrocarbons on PlatinumSingle-Crystals and Nanoparticles by :
Download or read book High-Pressure Catalytic Reactions of C6 Hydrocarbons on PlatinumSingle-Crystals and Nanoparticles written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Catalytic reactions of cyclohexene, benzene, n-hexane, 2-methylpentane, 3-methylpentane, and 1-hexene on platinum catalysts were monitored in situ via sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy and gas chromatography (GC). SFG is a surface specific vibrational spectroscopic tool capable of monitoring submonolayer coverages under reaction conditions without gas-phase interference. SFG was used to identify the surface intermediates present during catalytic processes on Pt(111) and Pt(100) single-crystals and on cubic and cuboctahedra Pt nanoparticles in the Torr pressure regime and at high temperatures (300K-450K). At low pressures (
Book Synopsis Catalytic Reactions of Hydrocarbons on Platinum Single Crystal Stepped Surfaces by : Donald Willaim Blakely
Download or read book Catalytic Reactions of Hydrocarbons on Platinum Single Crystal Stepped Surfaces written by Donald Willaim Blakely and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 644 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Evolution of the Surface Science of Catalysis from Single Crystals to Metal Nanoparticles Under Pressure by :
Download or read book Evolution of the Surface Science of Catalysis from Single Crystals to Metal Nanoparticles Under Pressure written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vacuum studies of metal single crystal surfaces using electron and molecular beam scattering revealed that the surface atoms relocate when the surface is clean (reconstruction) and when it is covered by adsorbates (adsorbate induced restructuring). It was also discovered that atomic steps and other low coordination surface sites are active for breaking chemical bonds (H-H, O=O, C-H, C=O and C-C) with high reaction probability. Investigations at high reactant pressures using sum frequency generation (SFG)--vibrational spectroscopy and high pressure scanning tunneling microscopy (HPSTM) revealed bond breaking at low reaction probability sites on the adsorbate-covered metal surface, and the need for adsorbate mobility for continued turnover. Since most catalysts (heterogeneous, enzyme and homogeneous) are nanoparticles, colloid synthesis methods were developed to produce monodispersed metal nanoparticles in the 1-10 nm range and controlled shapes to use them as new model catalyst systems in two-dimensional thin film form or deposited in mesoporous three-dimensional oxides. Studies of reaction selectivity in multipath reactions (hydrogenation of benzene, cyclohexene and crotonaldehyde) showed that reaction selectivity depends on both nanoparticle size and shape. The oxide-metal nanoparticle interface was found to be an important catalytic site because of the hot electron flow induced by exothermic reactions like carbon monoxide oxidation.
Book Synopsis Catalysis by Platinum Single Crystal Surfaces by : Carol Ellen Smith
Download or read book Catalysis by Platinum Single Crystal Surfaces written by Carol Ellen Smith and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Activity and Selectivity of Platinum Single Crystal Surfaces and Supported Platinum Catalysts for Hydrocarbon Reactions at Atmospheric Pressure by : Robert Eugene Polomski
Download or read book Activity and Selectivity of Platinum Single Crystal Surfaces and Supported Platinum Catalysts for Hydrocarbon Reactions at Atmospheric Pressure written by Robert Eugene Polomski and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Effect of Rhenium, Sulfur and Alumina on the Conversion of Hydrocarbons Over Platinum Single Crystals by : Changmin Kim
Download or read book The Effect of Rhenium, Sulfur and Alumina on the Conversion of Hydrocarbons Over Platinum Single Crystals written by Changmin Kim and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Characterization and Reaction Studies of Silica Supported Platinum and Rhodium Model Catalysts by : Matthew James Lundwall
Download or read book Characterization and Reaction Studies of Silica Supported Platinum and Rhodium Model Catalysts written by Matthew James Lundwall and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The physical and catalytic properties of silica supported platinum or rhodium model catalysts are studied under both ultra high vacuum (UHV) and elevated pressure reaction conditions (>1torr). Platinum or rhodium nanoparticles are vapor deposited onto a SiO2/Mo(112) surface and characterized using various surface analytical methods. CO chemisorption is utilized as a surface probe to estimate the concentration of various sites on the nanoparticles through thermal desorption spectroscopy (TDS) and infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRAS) along with microscopy techniques to estimate particle size. The results are compared with hard sphere models of face centered cubic metals described as truncated cubo-octahedron. Results demonstrate the excellent agreement between chemisorption and hard sphere models in estimating the concentration of undercoordinated atoms on the nanoparticle surface. Surfaces are then subjected to high pressure reaction conditions to test the efficacy of utilizing the rate of a chemical reaction to obtain structural information about the surface. The surfaces are translated in-situ to a high pressure reaction cell where both structure insensitive and sensitive reactions are performed. Structure insensitive reactions (e.g. CO oxidation) allow a method to calculate the total active area on a per atom basis for silica supported platinum and rhodium model catalysts under reaction conditions. While structure sensitive reactions allow an estimate of the types of reaction sites, such as step sites ([less than or equal to]C7) under reaction conditions (e.g. n-heptane dehydrocyclization). High pressure structure sensitive reactions (e.g. ethylene hydroformylation) are also shown to drastically alter the morphology of the surface by dispersing nanoparticles leading to inhibition of catalytic pathways. Moreover, the relationships between high index single crystals, oxide supported nanoparticles, and high surface area technical catalysts are established. Overall, the results demonstrate the utility of model catalysts in understanding the structure-activity relationships in heterogeneous catalytic reactions and the usefulness of high pressure reactions as an analytical probe of surface morphology.
Book Synopsis Combined Surface Science and Catalytic Studies of Hydrocarbon Reactions Over Platinum Single Crystal Surfaces by : Francisco Zaera
Download or read book Combined Surface Science and Catalytic Studies of Hydrocarbon Reactions Over Platinum Single Crystal Surfaces written by Francisco Zaera and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 678 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Dissertation Abstracts International by :
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 850 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Platinum Monolayer Electrocatalysts by : Radoslav Adzic
Download or read book Platinum Monolayer Electrocatalysts written by Radoslav Adzic and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-08-11 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes a science and technology of a new type of electrocatalysts consisting of a single atomic layer of platinum on suitable supports. This development helped overcome three major obstacles—catalysts‘ cost, activity, and stability—for a broad range of fuel cell applications. The volume begins with a short introduction to the science of electrocatalysis, covering four reactions important for energy conversion in fuel cells. A description follows of the properties of metal monolayers on electrode surfaces, and underpotential deposition of metals. The authors then describe the concept of Pt monolayer electrocatalysts and its implications and their synthesis by galvanic displacement of less-noble metal monolayers and other methods. The main part of the book presents a discussion of catalysts’ characterization and catalytic properties of Pt monolayers for the four main reactions of electrochemical energy conversion: oxygen reduction and oxidation of hydrogen, methanol and ethanol. The book concludes with a treatment of scale-up syntheses, fuel cell tests, catalysts’ stability and application prospects.
Book Synopsis Hydrocarbon Catalysis Over Platinum Single Crystal Sufaces by : Stephen Mark Davis
Download or read book Hydrocarbon Catalysis Over Platinum Single Crystal Sufaces written by Stephen Mark Davis and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 1000 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effect of Morphology on Catalytic Activity: Hydrocarbon Reforming Reactions on Platinum Crystal Surfaces by : G. A. Somorjai
Download or read book Effect of Morphology on Catalytic Activity: Hydrocarbon Reforming Reactions on Platinum Crystal Surfaces written by G. A. Somorjai and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last 50 years, one of the objectives of heterogeneous catalysis research has been to identify the surface atoms, the active sites, which catalyze each step in a reaction of interest. In general, the technique used is to vary the surface structure of the catalyst in a systematic way, and to observe the changes in activity and selectivity that may result. Three forms of metal catalysts have been used in these studies: Metal particles dispersed on porous supports, metal films and metal crystals. Crystals are used because their surface morphology can be determined with electron diffraction methods, and various structural features can be introduced in a controlled manner. In this work, five different faces of platinum single crystals were used to investigate the catalytic activity of three surface features: Flat, close-packed planes of metal atoms, edge atoms present at the termination of a flat plane and corner atoms present at kinks, or zig-zags, in atomic steps. These may be thought of as models of atom groupings which may be present on metal particles in industrial catalysts. Several hydrocarbon-hydrogen reactions, representative of those that occur in commercial petroleum reforming processes, were studied.
Book Synopsis Hydrocarbon Catalysis Over Platinum Single Crystal Surfaces by : Stephen Mark Davis
Download or read book Hydrocarbon Catalysis Over Platinum Single Crystal Surfaces written by Stephen Mark Davis and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nanoalloys written by Florent Calvo and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-06-26 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanoalloys, Second Edition, provides a self-contained reference on the physics and chemistry of nanoscale alloys, dealing with all important aspects that range from the theoretical concepts and the practical synthesis methods to the characterization tools. The book also covers modern applications of nanoalloys in materials science, catalysis or nanomedicine and discusses their possible toxicity. Covers fundamentals and applicative aspects of nanoalloys in a balanced presentation, including theoretical and experimental perspectives Describes physical and chemical approaches, synthesis and characterization tools Illustrates the potential benefit of alloying on various applications ranging from materials science to energy production and nanomedicine Updates and adds topics not fully developed at the time of the 1st edition, such as toxicity and energy applications
Book Synopsis Synthesis of Platinum and Platinum-copper Branches Nanoparticles for Electrooxidation of Methanol by : Eric Courtland Taylor
Download or read book Synthesis of Platinum and Platinum-copper Branches Nanoparticles for Electrooxidation of Methanol written by Eric Courtland Taylor and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Platinum and Pt alloys are among the most important heterogeneous catalysts for many organic reactions and electrochemical reactions associated with the fuel cell technologies. How to reduce Pt usage while maintaining the performance of the catalysts becomes a subject for intensive research in materials chemistry. For heterogeneous catalysis, the catalytic reactivity and selectivity are strongly correlated with different crystallographic facets exposed on the surface. The facets with high-index planes whose Miller indices with at one is larger than unity are generally more active than those with low-index planes (e.g., {100}, {111}, and {110}). Tuning the morphology of the nanoparticles to expose more high-index planes on the surface can improve the catalytic activity of the nanoparticles. As compared to isotropic nanoparticles, the branched nanostructures are the promising morphology that can improve both the activity and stability of the catalysts. In this work, a two-step polyol synthesis has been developed to synthesize the branched nanostructures of Pt at high-yield. This two-step process involves a slow reduction using ethylene glycol in the presence of oxidative etchants, following by a fast reduction using ascorbic acid. The slow reduction kinetics facilitates the formation of cubooctahedral single-crystal seeds while the fast reduction kinetics allows for the overgrowth of nanocrystals along the {111} facets in a short period of time, resulting in the branched nanostructures. By co-reducing Pt and Cu precursors, this approach has been demonstrated to synthesize the Pt-Cu dendritic nanostructures for the first time. The catalytic activity of these Pt and Pt-Cu nanostructures has been studied for MOR. It was found that Pt branched nanostructures reduced the CO-poisoning as compared to the Pt/C and the dendritic Pt-Cu nanostructures showed both enhanced resistance of CO-poisoning and improved efficiency of ethanol oxidation.
Book Synopsis Effect of Morphology on Catalytic Activity by : Gabor A. Somorjai
Download or read book Effect of Morphology on Catalytic Activity written by Gabor A. Somorjai and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
