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Higgs Decay To Bottom Quarks At The Tevatron
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Book Synopsis Higgs Boson Decays into a Pair of Bottom Quarks by : Cecilia Tosciri
Download or read book Higgs Boson Decays into a Pair of Bottom Quarks written by Cecilia Tosciri and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-10-22 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The discovery in 2012 of the Higgs boson at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) represents a milestone for the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics. Most of the SM Higgs production and decay rates have been measured at the LHC with increased precision. However, despite its experimental success, the SM is known to be only an effective manifestation of a more fundamental description of nature. The scientific research at the LHC is strongly focused on extending the SM by searching, directly or indirectly, for indications of New Physics. The extensive physics program requires increasingly advanced computational and algorithmic techniques. In the last decades, Machine Learning (ML) methods have made a prominent appearance in the field of particle physics, and promise to address many challenges faced by the LHC. This thesis presents the analysis that led to the observation of the SM Higgs boson decay into pairs of bottom quarks. The analysis exploits the production of a Higgs boson associated with a vector boson whose signatures enable efficient triggering and powerful background reduction. The main strategy to maximise the signal sensitivity is based on a multivariate approach. The analysis is performed on a dataset corresponding to a luminosity of 79.8/fb collected by the ATLAS experiment during Run-2 at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. An excess of events over the expected background is found with an observed (expected) significance of 4.9 (4.3) standard deviation. A combination with results from other \Hbb searches provides an observed (expected) significance of 5.4 (5.5). The corresponding ratio between the signal yield and the SM expectation is 1.01 +- 0.12 (stat.)+ 0.16-0.15(syst.). The 'observation' analysis was further extended to provide a finer interpretation of the V H(H → bb) signal measurement. The cross sections for the VH production times the H → bb branching ratio have been measured in exclusive regions of phase space. These measurements are used to search for possible deviations from the SM with an effective field theory approach, based on anomalous couplings of the Higgs boson. The results of the cross-section measurements, as well as the constraining of the operators that affect the couplings of the Higgs boson to the vector boson and the bottom quarks, have been documented and discussed in this thesis. This thesis also describes a novel technique for the fast simulation of the forward calorimeter response, based on similarity search methods. Such techniques constitute a branch of ML and include clustering and indexing methods that enable quick and efficient searches for vectors similar to each other. The new simulation approach provides optimal results in terms of detector resolution response and reduces the computational requirements of a standard particles simulation.
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Particle Physics Reference Library by : Herwig Schopper
Download or read book Particle Physics Reference Library written by Herwig Schopper and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first open access volume of the handbook series contains articles on the standard model of particle physics, both from the theoretical and experimental perspective. It also covers related topics, such as heavy-ion physics, neutrino physics and searches for new physics beyond the standard model. A joint CERN-Springer initiative, the "Particle Physics Reference Library" provides revised and updated contributions based on previously published material in the well-known Landolt-Boernstein series on particle physics, accelerators and detectors (volumes 21A, B1,B2,C), which took stock of the field approximately one decade ago. Central to this new initiative is publication under full open access
Book Synopsis Top Quark Physics at Hadron Colliders by : Arnulf Quadt
Download or read book Top Quark Physics at Hadron Colliders written by Arnulf Quadt and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-08-16 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This will be a required acquisition text for academic libraries. More than ten years after its discovery, still relatively little is known about the top quark, the heaviest known elementary particle. This extensive survey summarizes and reviews top-quark physics based on the precision measurements at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider, as well as examining in detail the sensitivity of these experiments to new physics. Finally, the author provides an overview of top quark physics at the Large Hadron Collider.
Book Synopsis The Standard Theory of Particle Physics by : Luciano Maiani
Download or read book The Standard Theory of Particle Physics written by Luciano Maiani and published by World Scientific Publishing Company. This book was released on 2016-08-25 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book gives a quite complete and up-to-date picture of the Standard Theory with an historical perspective, with a collection of articles written by some of the protagonists of present particle physics. The theoretical developments are described together with the most up-to-date experimental tests, including the discovery of the Higgs Boson and the measurement of its mass as well as the most precise measurements of the top mass, giving the reader a complete description of our present understanding of particle physics.
Book Synopsis The God Particle by : Leon M. Lederman
Download or read book The God Particle written by Leon M. Lederman and published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. This book was released on 2006 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A fascinating tour of particle physics from Nobel Prize winner Leon Lederman. At the root of particle physics is an invincible sense of curiosity. Leon Lederman embraces this spirit of inquiry as he moves from the Greeks' earliest scientific observations to Einstein and beyond to chart this unique arm of scientific study. His survey concludes with the Higgs boson, nicknamed the God Particle, which scientists hypothesize will help unlock the last secrets of the subatomic universe, quarks and all--it's the dogged pursuit of this almost mystical entity that inspires Lederman's witty and accessible history.
Book Synopsis Physics at the Large Hadron Collider by : Amitava Datta
Download or read book Physics at the Large Hadron Collider written by Amitava Datta and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-05-30 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In an epoch when particle physics is awaiting a major step forward, the Large Hydron Collider (LHC) at CERN, Geneva will soon be operational. It will collide a beam of high energy protons with another similar beam circulation in the same 27 km tunnel but in the opposite direction, resulting in the production of many elementary particles some never created in the laboratory before. It is widely expected that the LHC will discover the Higgs boson, the particle which supposedly lends masses to all other fundamental particles. In addition, the question as to whether there is some new law of physics at such high energy is likely to be answered through this experiment. The present volume contains a collection of articles written by international experts, both theoreticians and experimentalists, from India and abroad, which aims to acquaint a non-specialist with some basic issues related to the LHC. At the same time, it is expected to be a useful, rudimentary companion of introductory exposition and technical expertise alike, and it is hoped to become unique in its kind. The fact that there is substantial Indian involvement in the entire LHC endeavour, at all levels including fabrication, physics analysis procedures as well as theoretical studies, is also amply brought out in the collection.
Book Synopsis From The Tevatron To The Lhc: Physics At Large Accelerators - Proceedings Of The Xxiv International Meeting On Fundamen by : Antonio Ferrer
Download or read book From The Tevatron To The Lhc: Physics At Large Accelerators - Proceedings Of The Xxiv International Meeting On Fundamen written by Antonio Ferrer and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1997-07-15 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book collects a series of papers presented at the XXIV International Meeting on Fundamental Physics. This annual conference is devoted to reviewing current topics in the field of high energy physics. From the Tevatron to the LHC reviews the present status of experiments at large accelerators (Tevatron, LEP, LHC) and deals with selected subjects like CP violation, B physics, glueballs, neutrinos and supersymmetry.
Book Synopsis Discovery Of The Higgs Boson by : Aleandro Nisati
Download or read book Discovery Of The Higgs Boson written by Aleandro Nisati and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2016-08-26 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The recent observation of the Higgs boson has been hailed as the scientific discovery of the century and led to the 2013 Nobel Prize in physics. This book describes the detailed science behind the decades-long search for this elusive particle at the Large Electron Positron Collider at CERN and at the Tevatron at Fermilab and its subsequent discovery and characterization at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. Written by physicists who played leading roles in this epic search and discovery, this book is an authoritative and pedagogical exposition of the portrait of the Higgs boson that has emerged from a large number of experimental measurements. As the first of its kind, this book should be of interest to graduate students and researchers in particle physics.
Book Synopsis Lectures on LHC Physics by : Tilman Plehn
Download or read book Lectures on LHC Physics written by Tilman Plehn and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-08-05 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the discovery of the Higgs boson, the LHC experiments have closed the most important gap in our understanding of fundamental interactions, confirming that such interactions between elementary particles can be described by quantum field theory, more specifically by a renormalizable gauge theory. This theory is a priori valid for arbitrarily high energy scales and does not require an ultraviolet completion. Yet, when trying to apply the concrete knowledge of quantum field theory to actual LHC physics - in particular to the Higgs sector and certain regimes of QCD - one inevitably encounters an intricate maze of phenomenological know-how, common lore and other, often historically developed intuitions about what works and what doesn’t. These lectures cover three aspects to help understand LHC results in the Higgs sector and in searches for physics beyond the Standard Model: they discuss the many facets of Higgs physics, which is at the core of this significantly expanded second edition; then QCD, to the degree relevant for LHC measurements; as well as further standard phenomenological background knowledge. They are intended to serve as a brief but sufficiently detailed primer on LHC physics to enable graduate students and all newcomers to the field to find their way through the more advanced literature, and to help those starting to work in this very timely and exciting field of research. Advanced readers will benefit from this course-based text for their own lectures and seminars. .
Book Synopsis Cracking the Quantum Code of the Universe by : John Moffat
Download or read book Cracking the Quantum Code of the Universe written by John Moffat and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2014-02 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: If the new boson is indeed the Higgs particle, its discovery represents an important milestone in the history of particle physics. However, despite the pressure to award Nobel Prizes to physicists associated with the Higgs boson, John Moffat argues that there still remain important data analyses to be performed before uncorking the champagne. John Moffat is Professor Emeritus of Physics at the University of Toronto and a senior researcher at the Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics. Well-known for his outside-the-box research on topics such as dark matter, dark energy, and the varying speed of light cosmology (VSL), his new book takes a critical look at the hype surrounding the Higgs boson. In the process, he presents a cogent and often entertaining history of particle physics and an exploration of alternative theories of particle physics that do not feature the Higgs boson, including his own. He gives a detailed and personal description of how theoretical physicists come up with new theories, and emphasizes how carefully experimental physicists must interpret the complex data now coming out of accelerators like the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The book does not shy away from controversial topics such as the sociology of particle physics. There is immense pressure on projects like the $9 billion LHC to come up with positive results in order to secure funding for the future. Yet to date, the Higgs boson may be the only positive result to emerge from the LHC experiments. The searches for dark matter particles, mini-black holes, extra dimensions, and supersymmetric particles have all come up empty-handed, with serious consequences for theoretical physics, including string theory and gravity theory. John Moffat is also the author of Reinventing Gravity (2008) and Einstein Wrote Back (2010).
Book Synopsis The Large Hadron Collider by : Don Lincoln
Download or read book The Large Hadron Collider written by Don Lincoln and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2014-10 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lincoln, a senior scientist at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory and adjunct professor of physics at Notre Dame, gives readers an insider's view of the Hadron Collider from its conception, through its early discoveries and difficulties, to its greatest triumph, the discovery of the Higgs boson.
Book Synopsis The Infinity Puzzle by : Frank Close
Download or read book The Infinity Puzzle written by Frank Close and published by Knopf Canada. This book was released on 2011-11-29 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We are living in a Golden Age of physics. With the mind of a scientist and the skill of a journalist, bestselling author and renowned physicist Frank Close gives us an insider's look at one of the most inspiring - and challenging - scientific breakthroughs of our time: the Large Hadron Collider in Geneva. About 40 years ago, 3 brilliant, yet little-known scientists made breakthroughs that later inspired the construction of the Large Hadron Collider at CERN in Geneva: a 27-kilometre-long machine which has already cost $10 billion, taken 20 years to build and now promises to reveal how the universe itself came to be. The Infinity Puzzle is the inside story of those 40 years of research, breakthrough and endeavour. The work of Peter Higgs, Gerard 't Hooft and James Bjorken is explored here, played out across the decades against a backdrop of high politics, low behaviour and billion-dollar budgets. In The Infinity Puzzle, eminent physicist and award-winning author Frank Close writes from within the action and draws upon his close friendships with those involved.
Book Synopsis Weak Scale Supersymmetry by : Howard Baer
Download or read book Weak Scale Supersymmetry written by Howard Baer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2023-01-31 with total page 557 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This OA text develops the basic concepts of supersymmetry for experimental and phenomenological particle physicists and graduate students.
Download or read book Higgs written by J. E. Baggott and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-06-06 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Relates the history of the search for the Higgs boson, also known as the "God" particle.
Book Synopsis Measurement of Higgs Boson Production Cross Sections in the Diphoton Channel by : Ahmed Tarek Abouelfadl Mohamed
Download or read book Measurement of Higgs Boson Production Cross Sections in the Diphoton Channel written by Ahmed Tarek Abouelfadl Mohamed and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-11-12 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents the measurement of the Higgs boson cross section in the diphoton decay channel. The measurement relies on proton-proton collision data at a center-of-mass energy √s = 13 TeV recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The collected data correspond to the full Run-2 dataset with an integrated luminosity of 139 fb-1. The measured cross sections are used to constrain anomalous Higgs boson interactions in the Effective Field Theory (EFT) framework. The results presented in this thesis represent a reduction by a factor 2 of the different photon and jet energy scale and resolution systematic uncertainties with respect to the previous ATLAS publication. The thesis details the calibration of electron and photon energies in ATLAS, in particular the measurement of the presampler energy scale and the estimation of its systematic uncertainty. This calibration was used to perform a measurement of the Higgs boson mass in the H → γγ and H → 4l channels using the 36 fb−1 dataset.
Book Synopsis Theory And Phenomenology Of Sparticles: An Account Of Four-dimensional N=1 Supersymmetry In High Energy Physics by : Manuel Drees
Download or read book Theory And Phenomenology Of Sparticles: An Account Of Four-dimensional N=1 Supersymmetry In High Energy Physics written by Manuel Drees and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2005-01-18 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Supersymmetry or SUSY, one of the most beautiful recent ideas of physics, predicts sparticles existing as superpartners of particles. This book gives a theoretical and phenomenological account of sparticles. Starting from a basic level, it provides a comprehensive, pedagogical and user-friendly treatment of the subject of four-dimensional N=1 supersymmetry as well as its observational aspects in high energy physics and cosmology. Part One of the book introduces the requisite formal theory, preceded by a discussion of the naturalness problem. Part Two describes the supersymmetrization of the Standard Model of particle interactions as well as the origin of soft supersymmetry breaking and how it can be mediated from higher energies. Search strategies for sparticles, supersymmetric Higgs bosons, nonminimal scenarios and cosmological implications are some of the other topics covered. Novel features of the book include a dictionary between two-component and four-component spinor notation, a step-by-step derivation of the nonrenormalization theorem, an extended discussion of supersymmetric renormalization group evolution, detailed analyses of minimal and nonminimal models with gravity (including anomaly) mediated and gauge mediated supersymmetry breaking as well as elaborate self-contained presentations of collider signals of sparticles plus supersymmetric Higgs bosons and of supersymmetric cosmology. Appendices list all Feynman rules for the vertices of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model.
