Growth Divergences

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Growth Divergences

Author : Jose Antonio Ocampo
Publisher : Zed Books
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Growth Divergences by : Jose Antonio Ocampo

Download or read book Growth Divergences written by Jose Antonio Ocampo and published by Zed Books. This book was released on 2007 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unlike the 1950s and 1960s, when the rising tide of economic growth lifted most economies, the last three decades have been characterized by a paradox of greater international economic integration as well as divergent economic growth performances. The growing North-South gap of the last two centuries has been moderated recently by the better economic performance of China, India and others in East Asia, implying the expansion of the 'middle income' category. This volume of analytical studies seeks to explain these major differences in economic performance in recent decades by considering the dynamics of international economic growth, diverging growth rates, economic structures, and sources of demand, successes and collapses in the developing world, and recent episodes of real income stagnation of countries. Several chapters critically review recent misleading claims and the conventional wisdom regarding the relationship of trade liberalization, financial development, development, aid, infrastructure spending, violent conflict, good governance, and industrial policy to economic growth.

The causes of "The Great Divergence"

Author : Ali-Abbas Punjani
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3656429529
Total Pages : 9 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (564 download)

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Book Synopsis The causes of "The Great Divergence" by : Ali-Abbas Punjani

Download or read book The causes of "The Great Divergence" written by Ali-Abbas Punjani and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2013-05-24 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2010 in the subject Economics - Macro-economics, general, grade: A, University of Warwick, course: Economics, language: English, abstract: In this essay I aim to investigate two theories of economic growth of the western world; the development of institutions and the exploitation of the periphery. This may give us some indication of the causes of “The Great Divergence” and suggest methods by which growth of other, less developed, countries can be accelerated.

Growth Divergences

Author : Jose Antonio Ocampo
Publisher : Zed Books
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (97 download)

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Book Synopsis Growth Divergences by : Jose Antonio Ocampo

Global Economic History: A Very Short Introduction

Author : Robert C. Allen
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 019162053X
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Economic History: A Very Short Introduction by : Robert C. Allen

Download or read book Global Economic History: A Very Short Introduction written by Robert C. Allen and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2011-09-15 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why are some countries rich and others poor? In 1500, the income differences were small, but they have grown dramatically since Columbus reached America. Since then, the interplay between geography, globalization, technological change, and economic policy has determined the wealth and poverty of nations. The industrial revolution was Britain's path breaking response to the challenge of globalization. Western Europe and North America joined Britain to form a club of rich nations by pursuing four polices-creating a national market by abolishing internal tariffs and investing in transportation, erecting an external tariff to protect their fledgling industries from British competition, banks to stabilize the currency and mobilize domestic savings for investment, and mass education to prepare people for industrial work. Together these countries pioneered new technologies that have made them ever richer. Before the Industrial Revolution, most of the world's manufacturing was done in Asia, but industries from Casablanca to Canton were destroyed by western competition in the nineteenth century, and Asia was transformed into 'underdeveloped countries' specializing in agriculture. The spread of economic development has been slow since modern technology was invented to fit the needs of rich countries and is ill adapted to the economic and geographical conditions of poor countries. A few countries - Japan, Soviet Russia, South Korea, Taiwan, and perhaps China - have, nonetheless, caught up with the West through creative responses to the technological challenge and with Big Push industrialization that has achieved rapid growth through investment coordination. Whether other countries can emulate the success of East Asia is a challenge for the future. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.

The Great Divergence

Author : Timothy Noah
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN 13 : 1608196348
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (81 download)

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Book Synopsis The Great Divergence by : Timothy Noah

Download or read book The Great Divergence written by Timothy Noah and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2012-04-24 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the past three decades, America has steadily become a nation of haves and have-nots. Our incomes are increasingly unequal. This steady growing apart is often mentioned as a troubling indicator by scholars and policy analysts, though seldom addressed by politicians. What economics Nobelist Paul Krugman terms "the Great Divergence" has till now been treated as little more than a talking point, a rhetorical club to be wielded in ideological battles. But this Great Divergence may be the most important change in this country during our lifetimes-a drastic, elemental change in the character of American society, and not at all for the better. The inequality gap is much more than a left-right hot potato-its causes and consequences call for a patient, non-partisan exploration. Timothy Noah's The Great Divergence, based on his award-winning series of articles for Slate, surveys the roots of the wealth gap, drawing on the best thinking of contemporary economists and political scientists. Noah also explores potential solutions to the problem, and explores why the growing rich-poor divide has sparked remarkably little public anger, in contrast to social unrest that prevailed before the New Deal. The Great Divergence is poised to be one of the most talked-about books of 2012, a jump-start to the national conversation about the shape of American society in the 21st century, and a work that will help frame the debate in a Presidential election year.

The Divergent Dynamics of Economic Growth

Author : Richard H. Day
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139440934
Total Pages : 259 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis The Divergent Dynamics of Economic Growth by : Richard H. Day

Download or read book The Divergent Dynamics of Economic Growth written by Richard H. Day and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-11-13 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explains how changing technology and economizing behaviour induce vast changes in productivity, resource allocation, labour utilization, and patterns of living. Economic growth is seen as a process by which businesses, regimes, countries, and the whole world pass through distinct epochs, each one emerging from its predecessor, each one creating the conditions for its successor. Viewed from a long-run perspective, growth must be characterized as an explosive process, marked by turbulent transitions in social and political life as societies adapt to new opportunities, the demise of old ways of living, and to the vast increase and redistribution of human populations. The book is based on a synthesis of classical economics and contemporary concepts of adaptation and economic evolution. Although it is based on analytical methods, the text has been stripped of all equations and with few exceptions is devoid of technical jargon.

Before and Beyond Divergence

Author : Jean-Laurent Rosenthal
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674057910
Total Pages : 291 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis Before and Beyond Divergence by : Jean-Laurent Rosenthal

Download or read book Before and Beyond Divergence written by Jean-Laurent Rosenthal and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2011-04 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why did sustained economic growth arise in Europe rather than in China? The authors combine economic theory and historical evidence to argue that political processes drove the economic divergence between the two world regions, with continued consequences today that become clear in this innovative account.

Great Divergence and Great Convergence

Author : Leonid Grinin
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 331917780X
Total Pages : 261 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (191 download)

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Book Synopsis Great Divergence and Great Convergence by : Leonid Grinin

Download or read book Great Divergence and Great Convergence written by Leonid Grinin and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-05-09 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new monograph provides a stimulating new take on hotly contested topics in world modernization and the globalizing economy. It begins by situating what is called the Great Divergence--the social/technological revolution that led European nations to outpace the early dominance of Asia--in historical context over centuries. This is contrasted with an equally powerful Great Convergence, the recent economic and technological expansion taking place in Third World nations and characterized by narrowing inequity among nations. They are seen here as two phases of an inevitable global process, centuries in the making, with the potential for both positive and negative results. This sophisticated presentation examines: Why the developing world is growing more rapidly than the developed world. How this development began occurring under the Western world's radar. How former colonies of major powers grew to drive the world's economy. Why so many Western economists have been slow to recognize the Great Convergence. The increasing risk of geopolitical instability. Why the world is likely to find itself without an absolute leader after the end of the American hegemony A work of rare scope, Great Divergence and Great Convergence gives sociologists, global economists, demographers, and global historians a deeper understanding of the broader movement of social and economic history, combined with a long view of history as it is currently being made; it also offers some thrilling forecasts for global development in the forthcoming decades.

The Great Divergence

Author : Kenneth Pomeranz
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691217181
Total Pages : 404 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (912 download)

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Book Synopsis The Great Divergence by : Kenneth Pomeranz

Download or read book The Great Divergence written by Kenneth Pomeranz and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2021-04-13 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A landmark comparative history of Europe and China that examines why the Industrial Revolution emerged in the West The Great Divergence sheds light on one of the great questions of history: Why did sustained industrial growth begin in Northwest Europe? Historian Kenneth Pomeranz shows that as recently as 1750, life expectancy, consumption, and product and factor markets were comparable in Europe and East Asia. Moreover, key regions in China and Japan were no worse off ecologically than those in Western Europe, with each region facing corresponding shortages of land-intensive products. Pomeranz’s comparative lens reveals the two critical factors resulting in Europe's nineteenth-century divergence—the fortunate location of coal and access to trade with the New World. As East Asia’s economy stagnated, Europe narrowly escaped the same fate largely due to favorable resource stocks from underground and overseas. This Princeton Classics edition includes a preface from the author and makes a powerful historical work available to new readers.

Convergence, Divergence and Changing Trade Patterns

Author : Klaus Wälde
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 364250034X
Total Pages : 160 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (425 download)

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Book Synopsis Convergence, Divergence and Changing Trade Patterns by : Klaus Wälde

Download or read book Convergence, Divergence and Changing Trade Patterns written by Klaus Wälde and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1. Introduction and overview Until still few years ago, economic growth theory (going back to Solow, 1956; for an introduction cf. Burmeister and Dobell, 1970) predicted convergence of both growth rates and level of per capita income of economies which share identical preferences, technologies and same population growth rates, independently of initial conditions. Countries with a low capital stock grow faster than those with a higher capital stock, until, in the long-run, they all converge to a common constant growth rate. This prediction is due to the way how growth is "explained" in models of this kind. Growth of output per capita resulted, in the simplest model, from an exogenous growth oflabour productivity (see e. g. Sala-i-Martin, 1990; Grossman and Helpman, 1991a, ch. 2). Si!1ce this increase of productivity is exogenously given, the model itselfdoes not give any explanation ofits source. The prediction ofconvergence ofgrowth rates, itself, is very doubtful and observations show, that on an international level either convergence is not given at all, or that it takes a very long time. The literature of the "new" theory of growth provides a rich variety of models whose theoretical implications range from divergence to convergence and thus offers much better working tools in order to analyze real world observations. These models (starting with Romer, 1986 and Lucas, 1988) explain growth of GNP or per capita income from within the model by includingexternal effects such as a public stock ofknowledge capital (e. g.

State, Economy and the Great Divergence

Author : Peer Vries
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1472529189
Total Pages : 513 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (725 download)

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Book Synopsis State, Economy and the Great Divergence by : Peer Vries

Download or read book State, Economy and the Great Divergence written by Peer Vries and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2015-02-26 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: State, Economy and the Great Divergence provides a new analysis of what has become the central debate in global economic history: the 'great divergence' between European and Asian growth. Focusing on early modern China and Western Europe, in particular Great Britain, this book offers a new level of detail on comparative state formation that has wide-reaching implications for European, Eurasian and global history. Beginning with an overview of the historiography, Peer Vries goes on to extend and develop the debate, critically engaging with the huge volume of literature published on the topic to date. Incorporating recent insights, he offers a compelling alternative to the claims to East-West equivalence, or Asian superiority, which have come to dominate discourse surrounding this issue. This is a vital update to a key issue in global economic history and, as such, is essential reading for students and scholars interested in keeping up to speed with the on-going debates.

Trade and Poverty

Author : Jeffrey G. Williamson
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262295180
Total Pages : 315 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (622 download)

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Book Synopsis Trade and Poverty by : Jeffrey G. Williamson

Download or read book Trade and Poverty written by Jeffrey G. Williamson and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2011-01-07 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How the rise of globalization over the past two centuries helps explain the income gap between rich and poor countries today. Today's wide economic gap between the postindustrial countries of the West and the poorer countries of the third world is not new. Fifty years ago, the world economic order—two hundred years in the making—was already characterized by a vast difference in per capita income between rich and poor countries and by the fact that poor countries exported commodities (agricultural or mineral products) while rich countries exported manufactured products. In Trade and Poverty, leading economic historian Jeffrey G. Williamson traces the great divergence between the third world and the West to this nexus of trade, commodity specialization, and poverty. Analyzing the role of specialization, de-industrialization, and commodity price volatility with econometrics and case studies of India, Ottoman Turkey, and Mexico, Williamson demonstrates why the close correlation between trade and poverty emerged. Globalization and the great divergence were causally related, and thus the rise of globalization over the past two centuries helps account for the income gap between rich and poor countries today.

The Great Divergence Reconsidered

Author : Roman Studer
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107020549
Total Pages : 245 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis The Great Divergence Reconsidered by : Roman Studer

Download or read book The Great Divergence Reconsidered written by Roman Studer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-01-29 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studer shows that institutional, geographical, political, and technological factors account for Europe's rise to undisputed world economic leader.

The Great Divergence

Author : Sophus A. Reinert
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis The Great Divergence by : Sophus A. Reinert

Download or read book The Great Divergence written by Sophus A. Reinert and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Divergent Paths

Author : Marc Egnal
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198026889
Total Pages : 317 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (98 download)

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Book Synopsis Divergent Paths by : Marc Egnal

Download or read book Divergent Paths written by Marc Egnal and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1996-07-18 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why are some countries without an apparent abundance of natural resources, such as Japan, economic success stories, while other languish in the doldrums of slow growth. In this comprehensive look at North American economic history, Marc Egnal argues that culture and institutions play an integral role in determining economic outcome. He focuses his examination on the eight colonies of the North, five colonies of the South (which together made up the original thirteen states), and French Canada. Using census data, diaries, travelers' accounts, and current scholarship, Egnal systematically explores how institutions (such as slavery in the South and the seigneurial system in French Canada) and cultural arenas (such as religion, literacy, entrepreneurial spirit, and intellectual activity) influenced development. He seeks to answer why three societies with similar standards of living in 1750 became so dissimilar in development. By the mid-nineteenth century, the northern states had surged ahead in growth, and this gap continued to widen into the twentieth century. Egnal argues that culture and institutions allowed this growth in the North, not resources or government policies. Both the South and French Canada stressed hierarchy and social order more than the drive for wealth. Rarely have such parallels been drawn between these two societies. Complete numerous helpful appendices, figures, tables, and maps, Divergent Paths is a rich source of unique perspectives on economic development with strong implications for emerging societies.

Global Income Divergence, Trade and Industrialization

Author : Richard E. Baldwin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Income Divergence, Trade and Industrialization by : Richard E. Baldwin

Download or read book Global Income Divergence, Trade and Industrialization written by Richard E. Baldwin and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper takes a step towards formalizing the theoretical interconnections among four post-Industrial Revolution phenomena - the industrialization and growth take-off of rich northern' nations, massive global income divergence, and rapid trade expansion. Specifically, we present a stages-of-growth model in which the four phenomena are jointly endogenous and all are triggered by a gradual fall in the cost of doing business internationally. In the first stage, while trade costs are high, industry is dispersed and growth is low. In the second stage, the north industrializes rapidly, growth takes off and the south diverges. In the third stage, high growth becomes self sustaining. The model shows under which conditions, in a fourth stage, the south can quickly industrialize and converge.

The Next Convergence

Author : Michael Spence
Publisher : Macmillan + ORM
ISBN 13 : 1429968710
Total Pages : 316 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (299 download)

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Book Synopsis The Next Convergence by : Michael Spence

Download or read book The Next Convergence written by Michael Spence and published by Macmillan + ORM. This book was released on 2011-05-10 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Washington Post Notable Nonfiction Book for 2011 With the British Industrial Revolution, part of the world's population started to experience extraordinary economic growth—leading to enormous gaps in wealth and living standards between the industrialized West and the rest of the world. This pattern of divergence reversed after World War II, and now we are midway through a century of high and accelerating growth in the developing world and a new convergence with the advanced countries—a trend that is set to reshape the world. Michael Spence, winner of the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences, explains what happened to cause this dramatic shift in the prospects of the five billion people who live in developing countries. The growth rates are extraordinary, and continuing them presents unprecedented challenges in governance, international coordination, and ecological sustainability. The implications for those living in the advanced countries are great but little understood. Spence clearly and boldly describes what's at stake for all of us as he looks ahead to how the global economy will develop over the next fifty years. The Next Convergence is certain to spark a heated debate how best to move forward in the post-crisis period and reset the balance between national and international economic interests, and short-term fixes and long-term sustainability.