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Graphene Based Interconnects
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Book Synopsis Carbon Nanotube and Graphene Nanoribbon Interconnects by : Debaprasad Das
Download or read book Carbon Nanotube and Graphene Nanoribbon Interconnects written by Debaprasad Das and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-19 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An Alternative to Copper-Based Interconnect Technology With an increase in demand for more circuit components on a single chip, there is a growing need for nanoelectronic devices and their interconnects (a physical connecting medium made of thin metal films between several electrical nodes in a semiconducting chip that transmit signals from one point to another without any distortion). Carbon Nanotube and Graphene Nanoribbon Interconnects explores two new important carbon nanomaterials, carbon nanotube (CNT) and graphene nanoribbon (GNR), and compares them with that of copper-based interconnects. These nanomaterials show almost 1,000 times more current-carrying capacity and significantly higher mean free path than copper. Due to their remarkable properties, CNT and GNR could soon replace traditional copper interconnects. Dedicated to proving their benefits, this book covers the basic theory of CNT and GNR, and provides a comprehensive analysis of the CNT- and GNR-based VLSI interconnects at nanometric dimensions. Explore the Potential Applications of CNT and Graphene for VLSI Circuits The book starts off with a brief introduction of carbon nanomaterials, discusses the latest research, and details the modeling and analysis of CNT and GNR interconnects. It also describes the electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties, and structural behavior of these materials. In addition, it chronicles the progression of these fundamental properties, explores possible engineering applications and growth technologies, and considers applications for CNT and GNR apart from their use in VLSI circuits. Comprising eight chapters this text: Covers the basics of carbon nanotube and graphene nanoribbon Discusses the growth and characterization of carbon nanotube and graphene nanoribbon Presents the modeling of CNT and GNR as future VLSI interconnects Examines the applicability of CNT and GNR in terms of several analysis works Addresses the timing and frequency response of the CNT and GNR interconnects Explores the signal integrity analysis for CNT and GNR interconnects Models and analyzes the applicability of CNT and GNR as power interconnects Considers the future scope of CNT and GNR Beneficial to VLSI designers working in this area, Carbon Nanotube and Graphene Nanoribbon Interconnects provides a complete understanding of carbon-based materials and interconnect technology, and equips the reader with sufficient knowledge about the future scope of research and development for this emerging topic.
Book Synopsis Graphene and VLSI Interconnects by : Cher-Ming Tan
Download or read book Graphene and VLSI Interconnects written by Cher-Ming Tan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-11-24 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Copper (Cu) has been used as an interconnection material in the semiconductor industry for years owing to its best balance of conductivity and performance. However, it is running out of steam as it is approaching its limits with respect to electrical performance and reliability. Graphene is a non-metal material, but it can help to improve electromigration (EM) performance of Cu because of its excellent properties. Combining graphene with Cu for very large-scale integration (VLSI) interconnects can be a viable solution. The incorporation of graphene into Cu allows the present Cu fabrication back-end process to remain unaltered, except for the small step of “inserting” graphene into Cu. Therefore, it has a great potential to revolutionize the VLSI integrated circuit (VLSI-IC) industry and appeal for further advancement of the semiconductor industry. This book is a compilation of comprehensive studies done on the properties of graphene and its synthesis methods suitable for applications of VLSI interconnects. It introduces the development of a new method to synthesize graphene, wherein it not only discusses the method to grow graphene over Cu but also allows the reader to know how to optimize graphene growth, using statistical design of experiments (DoE), on Cu interconnects in order to obtain good-quality and reliable interconnects. It provides a basic understanding of graphene–Cu interaction mechanism and evaluates the electrical and EM performance of graphenated Cu interconnects.
Book Synopsis Electrical Transport Modeling of Graphene-Based Interconnects by : Youssef NADIR
Download or read book Electrical Transport Modeling of Graphene-Based Interconnects written by Youssef NADIR and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to the downscaling in the design of modern ICs, copper interconnects reach their limitations such as delay, power dissipation, and electromigration. However, a new era of discovered materials, including carbon nanotube, graphene nanoribbon (GNR), and their composite, has been proposed as promising alternatives for interconnect applications. The purpose of this review is to give an overview of the various approaches that are used to model graphene-based interconnects. In this work we focus on why opting for graphene-based interconnect properties as an alternative for copper interconnect replacement; what are the deep theories, which are explaining the electrical transport on those interconnects; and what are the electrical models that are used to model the various kind of graphene-based interconnects.
Book Synopsis Graphene-based Interconnects by : Tianhua Yu
Download or read book Graphene-based Interconnects written by Tianhua Yu and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nano-Interconnect Materials and Models for Next Generation Integrated Circuit Design by : Sandip Bhattacharya
Download or read book Nano-Interconnect Materials and Models for Next Generation Integrated Circuit Design written by Sandip Bhattacharya and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-12-22 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusses on materials and nanomaterials utilization in next generation interconnects based on carbon nanotubes (CNT) and graphene nanoribbons (GNR) Helps readers realize interconnects, interconnect models, and crosstalk noise analysis Describes hybrid CNT and GNR based interconnects Presents the details of power supply voltage drop analysis in CNT and GNR interconnects Overviews pertinent RF performance and stability analysis
Book Synopsis Carbon Nanotube Based VLSI Interconnects by : Brajesh Kumar Kaushik
Download or read book Carbon Nanotube Based VLSI Interconnects written by Brajesh Kumar Kaushik and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-01 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The brief primarily focuses on the performance analysis of CNT based interconnects in current research scenario. Different CNT structures are modeled on the basis of transmission line theory. Performance comparison for different CNT structures illustrates that CNTs are more promising than Cu or other materials used in global VLSI interconnects. The brief is organized into five chapters which mainly discuss: (1) an overview of current research scenario and basics of interconnects; (2) unique crystal structures and the basics of physical properties of CNTs, and the production, purification and applications of CNTs; (3) a brief technical review, the geometry and equivalent RLC parameters for different single and bundled CNT structures; (4) a comparative analysis of crosstalk and delay for different single and bundled CNT structures; and (5) various unique mixed CNT bundle structures and their equivalent electrical models.
Book Synopsis Graphene Nanoelectronics by : Raghu Murali
Download or read book Graphene Nanoelectronics written by Raghu Murali and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-03-09 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Graphene has emerged as a potential candidate to replace traditional CMOS for a number of electronic applications; this book presents the latest advances in graphene nanoelectronics and the potential benefits of using graphene in a wide variety of electronic applications. The book also provides details on various methods to grow graphene, including epitaxial, CVD, and chemical methods. This book serves as a spring-board for anyone trying to start working on graphene. The book is also suitable to experts who wish to update themselves with the latest findings in the field.
Book Synopsis Carbon Nanotubes for Interconnects by : Aida Todri-Sanial
Download or read book Carbon Nanotubes for Interconnects written by Aida Todri-Sanial and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-09 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a single-source reference on the use of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as interconnect material for horizontal, on-chip and 3D interconnects. The authors demonstrate the uses of bundles of CNTs, as innovative conducting material to fabricate interconnect through-silicon vias (TSVs), in order to improve the performance, reliability and integration of 3D integrated circuits (ICs). This book will be first to provide a coherent overview of exploiting carbon nanotubes for 3D interconnects covering aspects from processing, modeling, simulation, characterization and applications. Coverage also includes a thorough presentation of the application of CNTs as horizontal on-chip interconnects which can potentially revolutionize the nanoelectronics industry. This book is a must-read for anyone interested in the state-of-the-art on exploiting carbon nanotubes for interconnects for both 2D and 3D integrated circuits.
Book Synopsis Demonstration of Monolithically Integrated Graphene Interconnects for Low-power CMOS Applications by : Kyeong-Jae Lee
Download or read book Demonstration of Monolithically Integrated Graphene Interconnects for Low-power CMOS Applications written by Kyeong-Jae Lee and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, interconnects have become an increasingly difficult design challenge as their relative performance has not improved at the same pace with transistor scaling. The specifications for complex features, clock frequency, supply current, and number of I/O resources have added even greater demands for interconnect performance. Furthermore, the resistivity of copper begins to degrade at smaller line widths due to increased scattering effects. Graphene has gathered much interest as an interconnect material due to its high mobility, high current carrying capacity, and high thermal conductivity. DC characterization of sub-50 nm graphene interconnects has been reported but very few studies exist on evaluating their performance when integrated with CMOS. Integrating graphene with CMOS is a critical step in establishing a path for graphene electronics. In this thesis, we characterize the performance of integrated graphene interconnects and demonstrate two prototype CMOS chips. A 0.35 prm CMOS chip implements an array of transmitter/receivers to analyze end-to-end data communication on graphene wires. Graphene sheets are synthesized by chemical vapor deposition, which are then subsequently transferred and patterned into narrow wires up to 1 mm in length. A low-swing signaling technique is applied, which results in a transmitter energy of 0.3-0.7 pJ/bit/mm, and a total energy of 2.4-5.2 pJ/bit/mm. We demonstrate a minimum voltage swing of 100 mV and bit error rates below 2x10-10. Despite the high sheet resistivity of graphene, integrated graphene links run at speeds up to 50 Mbps. Finally, a subthreshold FPGA was implemented in 0.18 pm CMOS. We demonstrate reliable signal routing on 4-layer graphene wires which replaces parts of the interconnect fabric. The FPGA test chip includes a 5x5 logic array and a TDC-based tester to monitor the delay of graphene wires. The graphene wires have 2.8x lower capacitance than the reference metal wires, resulting in up to 2.11x faster speeds and 1.54x lower interconnect energy when driven by a low-swing voltage of 0.4 V. This work presents the first graphene-based system application and demonstrates the potential of using low capacitance graphene wires for ultra-low power electronics.
Book Synopsis Nano Interconnects by : Afreen Khursheed
Download or read book Nano Interconnects written by Afreen Khursheed and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-12-23 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook comprehensively covers on-chip interconnect dimension and application of carbon nanomaterials for modeling VLSI interconnect and buffer circuits. It provides analysis of ultra-low power high speed nano-interconnects based on different facets such as material modeling, circuit modeling and the adoption of repeater insertion strategies and measurement techniques. It covers important topics including on-chip interconnects, interconnect modeling, electrical impedance modeling of on-chip interconnects, modeling of repeater buffer and variability analysis. Pedagogical features including solved problems and unsolved exercises are interspersed throughout the text for better understanding. Aimed at senior undergraduate and graduate students in the field of electrical engineering, electronics and communications engineering for courses on Advanced VLSI Interconnects/Advanced VLSI Design/VLSI Interconnects/VLSI Design Automation and Techniques, this book: Provides comprehensive coverage of fundamental concepts related to nanotube transistors and interconnects. Discusses properties and performance of practical nanotube devices and related applications. Covers physical and electrical phenomena of carbon nanotubes, as well as applications enabled by this nanotechnology. Discusses the structure, properties, and characteristics of graphene-based on-chip interconnect. Examines interconnect power and interconnect delay issues arising due to downscaling of device size.
Book Synopsis Crosstalk in Modern On-Chip Interconnects by : B.K. Kaushik
Download or read book Crosstalk in Modern On-Chip Interconnects written by B.K. Kaushik and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-06 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides accurate FDTD models for on-chip interconnects, covering most recent advancements in materials and design. Furthermore, depending on the geometry and physical configurations, different electrical equivalent models for CNT and GNR based interconnects are presented. Based on the electrical equivalent models the performance comparison among the Cu, CNT and GNR-based interconnects are also discussed in the book. The proposed models are validated with the HSPICE simulations. The book introduces the current research scenario in the modeling of on-chip interconnects. It presents the structure, properties, and characteristics of graphene based on-chip interconnects and the FDTD modeling of Cu based on-chip interconnects. The model considers the non-linear effects of CMOS driver as well as the transmission line effects of interconnect line that includes coupling capacitance and mutual inductance effects. In a more realistic manner, the proposed model includes the effect of width-dependent MFP of the MLGNR while taking into account the edge roughness.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Emerging Materials for Semiconductor Industry by : Young Suh Song
Download or read book Handbook of Emerging Materials for Semiconductor Industry written by Young Suh Song and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 930 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Graphene Nanostructures by : Yaser M. Banadaki
Download or read book Graphene Nanostructures written by Yaser M. Banadaki and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-07-16 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tremendous innovations in electronics and photonics over the past few decades have resulted in the downsizing of transistors in integrated circuits, which are now approaching atomic scales. This will soon result in the creation of a growing knowledge gap between the underlying technology and state-of-the-art electronic device modeling and simulations. This book bridges the gap by presenting cutting-edge research in the computational analysis and mathematical modeling of graphene nanostructures as well as the recent progress on graphene transistors for nanoscale circuits. It inspires and educates fellow circuit designers and students in the field of emerging low-power and high-performance circuit designs based on graphene. While most of the books focus on the synthesis, fabrication, and characterization of graphene, this book shines a light on graphene models and their circuit simulations and applications in photonics. It will serve as a textbook for graduate-level courses in nanoscale electronics and photonics design and appeal to anyone involved in electrical engineering, applied physics, materials science, or nanotechnology research.
Book Synopsis Electronic and Thermal Properties of Graphene by : Kyong Yop Rhee
Download or read book Electronic and Thermal Properties of Graphene written by Kyong Yop Rhee and published by Mdpi AG. This book was released on 2020-07 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Special Issue includes recent research articles and extensive reviews on graphene-based next-generation electronics, bringing together perspectives from different branches of science and engineering. The papers presented in this volume cover experimental, computational and theoretical aspects of the electrical and thermal properties of graphene and its applications in batteries, electrodes, sensors and ferromagnetism. In addition, this Special Issue covers many important state-of-the-art technologies and methodologies regarding the synthesis, fabrication, characterization and applications of graphene-based nanocomposites.
Book Synopsis Nano-Interconnect Materials and Models for Next Generation Integrated Circuit Design by : Sandip Bhattacharya
Download or read book Nano-Interconnect Materials and Models for Next Generation Integrated Circuit Design written by Sandip Bhattacharya and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-12-22 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aggressive scaling of device and interconnect dimensions has resulted in many low dimensional issues in the nanometer regime. This book deals with various new generation interconnect materials and interconnect modeling and highlights the significance of novel nano interconnect materials for 3D integrated circuit design. It provides information about advanced nanomaterials like carbon nanotube (CNT) and graphene nanoribbon (GNR) for the realization of interconnects, interconnect models, and crosstalk noise analysis. Features: Focusses on materials and nanomaterials utilization in next generation interconnects based on Carbon nanotubes (CNT) and Graphene nanoribbons (GNR). Helps readers realize interconnects, interconnect models, and crosstalk noise analysis. Describes Hybrid CNT and GNR based interconnects. Presents the details of power supply voltage drop analysis in CNT and GNR interconnects. Overviews pertinent RF performance and stability analysis. This book is aimed at graduate students and researchers in electrical and materials engineering, nano/microelectronics.
Book Synopsis Integrating Graphene with Copper Interconnects for Future Energy-efficient and Reliable Nanoelectronic Systems by : Ling Li
Download or read book Integrating Graphene with Copper Interconnects for Future Energy-efficient and Reliable Nanoelectronic Systems written by Ling Li and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Graphene Science Handbook, Six-Volume Set by : Mahmood Aliofkhazraei
Download or read book Graphene Science Handbook, Six-Volume Set written by Mahmood Aliofkhazraei and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-26 with total page 3379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Graphene is the strongest material ever studied and can be an efficient substitute for silicon. This six-volume handbook focuses on fabrication methods, nanostructure and atomic arrangement, electrical and optical properties, mechanical and chemical properties, size-dependent properties, and applications and industrialization. There is no other major reference work of this scope on the topic of graphene, which is one of the most researched materials of the twenty-first century. The set includes contributions from top researchers in the field and a foreword written by two Nobel laureates in physics. Volumes in the set: K20503 Graphene Science Handbook: Mechanical and Chemical Properties (ISBN: 9781466591233) K20505 Graphene Science Handbook: Fabrication Methods (ISBN: 9781466591271) K20507 Graphene Science Handbook: Electrical and Optical Properties (ISBN: 9781466591318) K20508 Graphene Science Handbook: Applications and Industrialization (ISBN: 9781466591332) K20509 Graphene Science Handbook: Size-Dependent Properties (ISBN: 9781466591356) K20510 Graphene Science Handbook: Nanostructure and Atomic Arrangement (ISBN: 9781466591370)
