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Geochemical Modelling Of Water Rock Interactions In Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Reservoirs
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Book Synopsis Geochemical Modelling of Water-rock Interactions in Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Reservoirs by : R. A. McCartney
Download or read book Geochemical Modelling of Water-rock Interactions in Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Reservoirs written by R. A. McCartney and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Rock-water Interactions in Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Systems by : Charles Owen Grigsby
Download or read book Rock-water Interactions in Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Systems written by Charles Owen Grigsby and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Water-Rock Interaction by : I. Stober
Download or read book Water-Rock Interaction written by I. Stober and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The chemical interaction of water and rock is one of the most fascinating an d multifaceted process in geology. The composition of surface water and groundwater is largely controlled by the reaction of water with rocks and minerals. At elevated temperature, hydrothermal features, hydrothermal 0 re deposits and geothermal fields are associated with chemical effects of water-rock interaction. Surface outcrops of rocks from deeper levels in the crust, including exposures of lower crustal and mantle rocks, often display structures that formed by interaction of the rocks with a supercritical aqueous fluid at very high pT conditions. Understanding water-rock interaction is also of great importance to applied geology and geochemistry, particularly in areas such as geothermal energy, nuclear waste repositories and applied hydrogeology. The extremely wide-ranging research efforts on the universal water-rock interaction process is reflected in the wide diversity of themes presented at the regular International Symposia on Water-Rock Interaction (WRI). Because of the large and widespread interest in water-rock interaction, the European Union of Geosciences organized a special symposium on "water-rock interaction" at EUGI0, the biannual meeting in Strasbourg 1999 convened by the editors of this volume. In contrast to the regular WRI symposia addressed to the specialists, the EUG 10 "water-rock interaction" symposium brought the subject to a general platform This very successful symposium showed the way to the future of water-rock reaction research.
Book Synopsis Water-Rock Interaction by : Oleg V. Chudaev
Download or read book Water-Rock Interaction written by Oleg V. Chudaev and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-07-28 with total page 936 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water-rock interactions play an important role in nearly all physical and chemical processes operating on the Earth's surface and subsurface. This work contains the proceedings of the Eighth International Symposium on Water-Rock Interaction (WRI-8), held in Russia in 1995.
Book Synopsis Geochemical Behavior of the Second Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Reservoir at Fenton Hill, New Mexico by :
Download or read book Geochemical Behavior of the Second Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Reservoir at Fenton Hill, New Mexico written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Characteristics of a Hot Dry Rock (HDR) geothermal reservoir were deduced by matching a geochemistry model which incorporates rock dissolution and displacement of an indigenous pore-fluid to chemical analyses of recirculating geothermal fluid. Two reservoirs were created between a pair of wells by hydraulic fracturing. The first of the reservoirs was evaluated by a 75-day flow test designated as Segment 2. Subsequent operations required the cementing of the injection well to stop a leak behind the casing, and this cementing operation closed the connection to the first reservoir. The second, larger reservoir was evaluated with two flow tests -- the first had a duration of 24 days and is c a l l e d Segment 4 and the second, called Segment 5, will end on December 19, 1980 after 284 days of operation. Present discussion w i l l be mainly concerned with the geochemistry of the second reservoir. Of particular interest in a HDR geothermal reservoir is the relationship between the mixed-mean temperature of the geothermal fluid as measured with a downhole thermistor and the temperatures given by the silica and the Na-K-Ca geochemical thermometers. As will be shown, the temperatures predicted by applying the chemical geothermometers directly to the produced fluid composition at a given time do not represent the true current reservoir temperature.
Book Synopsis Water-rock Interaction by : Richard B. Wanty
Download or read book Water-rock Interaction written by Richard B. Wanty and published by Taylor & Francis US. This book was released on 2004 with total page 928 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Geochemical Considerations for Hot, Dry Rock Systems by :
Download or read book Geochemical Considerations for Hot, Dry Rock Systems written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Circulating systems intended to model the P-T conditions found in the natural HDR (Hot Dry Rock) geothermal system at Los Alamos have been built. Experiments with these systems have determined the following parameters for the ''down hole'' reservoir: sample weight loss, circulating solution composition, textural changes in the rock, mineral loss from the rock and effects of chemical additives on rock erosion. The analyses of solutions generated from rock-water interactions in the experimental systems show the extremely dilute nature of the working fluid. These solutions are not brines. Silica scaling in the surface heat exchanger was found to account for the difference between loss of sample rate and analyzed silica in the solution. The weight loss data indicate that there was continuous transport of silica from the ''down hole'' rock to the heat exchanger. Experiments contrasting felsic and mafic rocks in the HDR concept indicate that a reservoir consisting of glass bearing basaltic rock would tend to produce greater scaling problems than systems emplaced in granite. Experimental results suggest that Na2CO3 solutions may provide a means of increasing permeability and thereby increasing the effective heat transfer area of the reservoir. A brief description is given of a small test loop for simulating the flow of a geothermal solution through a heat exchanger. This loop, which is being built, will be used to study the coagulation and precipitation of silica under conditions similar to those expected in the field.
Book Synopsis Geochemical Modeling of Groundwater, Vadose and Geothermal Systems by : Jochen Bundschuh
Download or read book Geochemical Modeling of Groundwater, Vadose and Geothermal Systems written by Jochen Bundschuh and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-12-23 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geochemical modeling is an important tool in environmental studies, and in the areas of subsurface and surface hydrology, pedology, water resources management, mining geology, geothermal resources, hydrocarbon geology, and related areas dealing with the exploration and extraction of natural resources. The book fills a gap in the literature through its discussion of geochemical modeling, which simulates the chemical and physical processes affecting the distribution of chemical species in liquid, gas, and solid phases. Geochemical modeling applies to a diversity of subsurface environments, from the vadose zone close to the Earth’s surface, down to deep-seated geothermal reservoirs. This book provides the fundamental thermodynamic concepts of liquid-gas-solid phase systems. It introduces the principal types of geochemical models, such as speciation, reaction-path or forward, inverse- and reactive-transport models, together with examples of the most common codes and the best-practices for constructing geochemical models. The physical laws describing homogeneous and heterogeneous chemical reactions, their kinetics, and the transport of reactive solutes are presented. The partial differential or algebraic equations representing these laws, and the principal numerical methods that allow approximate solutions of these equations that can provide useful solutions to model different geochemical processes, are discussed in detail. Case studies applying geochemical models in different scientific areas and environmental settings, conclude the book. The book is addressed to students, teachers, other professionals, and to the institutions involved in water, geothermal and hydrocarbon resources, mining, and environmental management. The book should prove useful to undergraduate and graduate students, postgraduates, professional geologists and geophysicists, engineers, environmental scientists, soil scientists, hydrochemists, and others interested in water and geochemistry.
Book Synopsis A Thermodynamic Approach to Water Geothermometry by : Roberto Cioni
Download or read book A Thermodynamic Approach to Water Geothermometry written by Roberto Cioni and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-08-11 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores water geothermometry, a highly relevant topic in the exploration and exploitation of geothermal energy. Presenting theoretical geothermometers and indicators of CO2 fugacity, it describes a rigorous new approach entirely based on thermodynamics. The book will appeal to geothermal geoscientists, especially those working in research institutions and companies around the globe. It is also of interest to students on advanced courses in applied geochemistry, water–rock interaction and other related areas.
Book Synopsis Summary - Hot Dry Rock R & D Strategies and Applications by :
Download or read book Summary - Hot Dry Rock R & D Strategies and Applications written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In geothermal energy technology, the hydrothermal systems rely on volcanic hot rocks being fortuitously co-located with an adequate supply of natural ground water, usually at some considerable depth within the earth. This represents essentially two accidents in the same place, and the occurrence is relatively rare. Yellowstone Park and the desert valley of southern California are the most noteworthy US. examples. Since the heat is the energy needed, if we could just get the water down to it and back. Well, that's what is being done with the hot dry rock program. A well is drilled down to where there is adequate heat in the rocks. The well is then pressurized until the rock fractures creating what amounts to a reservoir full of hot, shattered rock. Finally, a well is drilled into the reservoir and water is pumped in one well, heated by the rock, and taken out through the other well at useful temperatures and pressures. We are getting ready to run significant long-term flow tests at the Fenton Hill Hot Dry Rock site west of Los Alamos, New Mexico. We expect the operational information to provide the data to forecast the energy life of the wells as a production facility. This kind of resource is much more common than regular geothermal resources. Robert H. Hendron described the Long Term Flow Test and reservoir studies for which the project is preparing. A shortfall of available funding has slowed preparations, delaying the start of that test. The test is planning to gather data for more definitive reservoir modeling with energy availability or reservoir lifetime of primary interest. Other interests include geochemistry and tracer studies, microseismic response, water requirements and flow impedance which relates directly to the pumping power required. Progress has been made in modeling studies, chemically reactive tracer techniques, and in improvements in acoustic or microseismic event analysis. Donald W. Brown discussed reservoir modeling as it relates to production management of the HDR well. For wells which are fracture dominated rather than matrix-permeability controlled, a knowledge of the pressure-dependent permeability of the interconnected system of natural joints (or pre-existing fractures is critical to long-term power production from the wells) through optimized pressure management. It was mentioned that a knowledge of the pressure-dependent joint permeability could aid in designing more appropriate secondary recovery strategies in petroleum reservoirs, or reinjection I procedures of geothermal reservoirs. Dr. Bruce A. Robinson discussed the development of fluid flow and transport models for simulation of HDR geothermal reservoirs. These models are also expected to provide accurate predictions of long-term behavior and help in the development of strategies for reservoir improvement and operation. Two approaches were discussed. The discrete fracture approach is based on a random fracture network subject to prescribed statistical properties of the fracture set. It is used to simulate steady state fluid flow and solute transport. The other approach used the continuum approximation. This type of model is appropriate when the reservoir consists of many interconnected fractures, as is the case at Fenton Hill.
Book Synopsis Water-rock Interaction of Silicic Rocks by : Alejando Rodríguez
Download or read book Water-rock Interaction of Silicic Rocks written by Alejando Rodríguez and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Simulation and Optimization of Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Energy Conversion Systems by :
Download or read book Simulation and Optimization of Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Energy Conversion Systems written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory is currently engaged in a field program aimed at designing and testing man-made geothermal reservoirs in hot granitic formations of low permeability created by hydraulic fracturing. A very important segment of the program is concerned with defining and optimizing several parameters related to the performance of the reservoir and their impact on the potential commercial feasibility of the hot dry rock technique. These include effective heat transfer area, permeation water loss, depth to the reservoir, geothermal temperature gradient, reservoir temperature, mass flow rate, and geochemistry. In addition, the optimization of the energy end use system (process or district heating, electricity or cogeneration) is directly linked to reservoir performance and associated costs. This problem has been studied using several computer modeling approaches to identify the sensitivity of the cost of power to reservoir and generation plant parameters. Also examined were a variety of important economic elements including rate of return on invested capital, discount or interest rates, taxes, cash flow, energy selling price, plant and reservoir lifetime, drilling and surface plant costs, and royalties.
Book Synopsis Geochemical-Thermodynamic Modeling by : Jos Mart Nez Reyes
Download or read book Geochemical-Thermodynamic Modeling written by Jos Mart Nez Reyes and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012-04 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The geochemical modeling based on thermodynamic equilibrium has become a well recognized tool for understanding the processes of water-rock interaction and its mechanisms. However, in the last 40 years, has paid little attention to rock-water-gas interaction (heterogeneous multi-component systems) in geothermics (perhaps due to the complexity of the calculations), where the water is only one of these components of the vapor-liquid phases containing a mixture of reactive and inert gases. In this sense, this book is useful for modeling geothermal reservoirs and geochemical interactions through thermodynamics of liquid-vapor phase equilibria, particularly with the development of an equation for Poynting correction that can correct the deviation from ideality that show at high pressures the liquid-vapor systems. The objective of this book is present a speciation and thermodynamic equilibrium calculations method of vapor-liquid multicomponent phases below the critical temperature of water (647 K) and pressures up to 2 kilobar with computational tools.
Book Synopsis Geochemical Studies of Hot Dry Rock Reservoirs by : Great Britain. Department of Energy
Download or read book Geochemical Studies of Hot Dry Rock Reservoirs written by Great Britain. Department of Energy and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 1 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Heat Extraction by :
Download or read book Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Heat Extraction written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A man-made geothermal reservoir has been created at a depth of 2.7 km in hot, dry granite by hydraulic fracturing. The system was completed by directionally drilling a second well in close proximity with the top of the vertical fracture. In early 1978 heat was extracted from this reservoir for a period of 75 days. During this period thermal power was produced at an average rate of 4 MW(t). Theoretical analysis of th measured drawdown suggests a total fracture heat transfer area of 16,000 m2. Viscous impedance to through-flow declined continuously so that at the end of the experiment this impedance was only one-fifth its initial value. Water losses to the surrounding rock formation also decreased continuously, and eventually this loss rate was less than 1% of the circulated flow rate. Geochemical analyses suggest that, with scale up of the heat transfer area and deeper, hotter reservoirs, hot dry rock reservoirs can ultimately produce levels of power on a commercial scale.
Book Synopsis Experimentally Determined Rock-fluid Interactions Applicable to a Natural Hot-dry-rock Geothermal System by :
Download or read book Experimentally Determined Rock-fluid Interactions Applicable to a Natural Hot-dry-rock Geothermal System written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field program cnsists of experiments in which hot rock of low permeability is hydraulically fractured between two wellbores. Water is circulated from one well to the other through the fractured hot rock. Our field experiments are designed to test reservoir engineering parameters such as heat-extraction rates, water-loss rates, flow characteristics including impedance and buoyancy, seismic activity, and fluid chemistry. Laboratory experiments were designed to provide information on the mineral-water reactivity encountered during the field program. Two experimental circulation systems tested the rates of dissolution and alteration during dynamic flow. Solubility of rock in agitated systems was studied. Moreover, pure minerals, samples of the granodiorite from the actual reservoir, and Tijeras Canyon granite have been reacted with distilled water and various solutions of NaCl, NaOH, and Na2CO3. The results of these experimental systems are compared to the observations made in field experiments done within the hot dry rock reservoir at a depth of approximately 3 km where the initial rock temperature was 150 to 200°C.
Book Synopsis Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Water-Rock Interaction by : Eric H. Oelkers
Download or read book Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Water-Rock Interaction written by Eric H. Oelkers and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-12-17 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 70 of Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry represents an extensive review of the material presented by the invited speakers at a short course on Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Water-Rock Interaction held prior to the 19th annual V. M. Goldschmidt Conference in Davos, Switzerland (June 19-21, 2009). Contents: Thermodynamic Databases for Water-Rock Interaction Thermodynamics of Solid Solution-Aqueous Solution Systems Mineral Replacement Reactions Thermodynamic Concepts in Modeling Sorption at the Mineral-Water Interface Surface Complexation Modeling: Mineral Fluid Equilbria at the Molecular Scale The Link Between Mineral Dissolution/Precipitation Kinetics and Solution Chemistry Organics in Water-Rock Interactions Mineral Precipitation Kinetics Towards an Integrated Model of Weathering, Climate, and Biospheric Processes Approaches to Modeling Weathered Regolith Fluid-Rock Interaction: A Reactive Transport Approach Geochemical Modeling of Reaction Paths and Geochemical Reaction Networks