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Genotypic Variability For Agronomic And Physiological Traits In Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench With Optimum And Suboptimum Water Levels
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Book Synopsis Genotypic Variability for Agronomic and Physiological Traits in Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor [L.] Moench) with Optimum and Suboptimum Water Levels by : Abdalla I. Sheikh-Mohamed
Download or read book Genotypic Variability for Agronomic and Physiological Traits in Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor [L.] Moench) with Optimum and Suboptimum Water Levels written by Abdalla I. Sheikh-Mohamed and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Agronomy News written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sept.-Oct. issue includes list of theses and dissertations for U.S. and Canadian graduate degrees granted in crop science, soil science, and agronomic science during the previous academic year.
Book Synopsis Genotypic Variability for Rate and Duration of Grain Fill in Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor [L.] Moench) Grown Under Two Levels of Water Availability by : Sebastine Obi Onwuka
Download or read book Genotypic Variability for Rate and Duration of Grain Fill in Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor [L.] Moench) Grown Under Two Levels of Water Availability written by Sebastine Obi Onwuka and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Some Genotypic Variation in Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench) Seed Related to Germination Temperature and Water Absorption by : C.P. Camargo
Download or read book Some Genotypic Variation in Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench) Seed Related to Germination Temperature and Water Absorption written by C.P. Camargo and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seed of 36 sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) geneotypes selected on the basis of high physiological quality were evaluated to determine genotypic differences in response to germination temperatures ranging from 10 to 42C. Seed of high, medium, and low quality were evaluated to investigate seed quality-germination-tempearture relationships. Seed of 24 genotypes were dimensionally sized and permitted to imbile water to evaluate both genotypic variation in speed of water uptake and the influence of seed size on water imbibition. Sorghum seed of near maximum phusiological quality germinated equally well at temperatures between 20 and 30C. Among the range of genotypes evaluated, constant germination temperatures of 14 and 42C were the best for screening genotypes for their to germinate at low and high temperatures, respectively. Two genotypes, IS 1166C and SC 175-14, were equal to or better than all other genotypes at all germination temperatures evaluated. Five genotypes, E 35-1, MN 1958, MN 4508, IS 12685C and TPDXB1388 (9256) were very sensitive to germination temperatures outside the optimal range. Seed of lower physilogical quality were more sensitive to germination temperatures than those of high quality. However, there was a differential response among the genotypes. Regardless of genotype, small seed increased in moisture content more rapidly than large seed when water supply was not limited. Within the same size. there was genotypic varation both in the rate of moisture absorption and the time (...).
Book Synopsis Some Genotypic Variation in Sorghum [Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench] Seed Related to Germination Temperature and Water Absorption by : Cilas Pacheco Camargo
Download or read book Some Genotypic Variation in Sorghum [Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench] Seed Related to Germination Temperature and Water Absorption written by Cilas Pacheco Camargo and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Genetic Variability for Drought in Various Sorghum Genotypes by : Malik Muhammad Khan
Download or read book Genetic Variability for Drought in Various Sorghum Genotypes written by Malik Muhammad Khan and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drought is the most common adverse environmental condition that can seriously reduce crop productivity. Increasing crop resistance to drought stress would be the most economical approach to improve agricultural productivity and to reduce agricultural use of fresh water resources. As a result, understanding the drought tolerance and breeding for drought resistant crop plants has been the major goal of plant breeders. Sorghum is well-known for its capacity to tolerate conditions of limited moisture and to produce during periods of extended drought. Twenty sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) genotypes with known drought tolerance traits were used in this study. The present study will be conducted to evaluate the genetic variability for drought tolerance in sorghum genotypes at molecular level.
Book Synopsis Morpho-physiological Traits of Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (l.) Moench) Lines in Relation to Water Stress by : C.L.Narasimha Rao
Download or read book Morpho-physiological Traits of Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (l.) Moench) Lines in Relation to Water Stress written by C.L.Narasimha Rao and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Physiological and Agronomic Responses of a Grain Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench) Hybrid to Elevated Night Temperatures by : V. B. Ogunlela
Download or read book Physiological and Agronomic Responses of a Grain Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench) Hybrid to Elevated Night Temperatures written by V. B. Ogunlela and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two greenhouse and three field experiment were conducted to study the effects of elevated night temperatures on the yield and growth of a grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) hybrid. The genotype used in these investigations was the 'RS 671' (Redlan x Tx 415), an open-pedigree temperate-adapted grain sorghum. The phenological growth phase during which temperature treatments were imposed was the panicle development (GS-2) period. Experiment I, II (greenhouse) and III (field) were designed to determine the response of grain sorghum to two elevated night temperatures and the growth stage during GS-2 period when the plant is most sensitive to elevated temperatures. Experiment IV and V (field) were conducted with the same objectives as those for Experiment I, II and III and also to determine the effects of artificial preconditioning on the plant's response to elevated night temperatures. Experiments I - Plants were exposed to 26.5 and 32 C night temperatures at 4-day durations commencing from florest differentiation through bloom. The two elevated night temperatures caused significant reduction in grain yield and yield components except seed size that was enhanced (12%) by the 32 C treatment. Approximately 19%, 21%, 24% and 20% reductions in panicle dry weight, grain yield per plant, number of seeds per panicle and grams of grain/GS-3 day/plant, respectively, were caused by the 32 C treatment. The 26,5 C treatment also caused reduction in these variables but to much lesser degrees. Numbers of days to (...).
Book Synopsis Physiological Basis of Yield Variation in Sweet Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor L. Moench) Genotypes During Summer Season by : ASHVATHAMA V. H
Download or read book Physiological Basis of Yield Variation in Sweet Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor L. Moench) Genotypes During Summer Season written by ASHVATHAMA V. H and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Agronomic, Genetic and Genomic Approaches for Predicting Heterosis in Sorghum [Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench] by : Frank Maulana
Download or read book Agronomic, Genetic and Genomic Approaches for Predicting Heterosis in Sorghum [Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench] written by Frank Maulana and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The approach used to identify inbred lines that can produce superior hybrids is costly and time-consuming. It requires creation of all possible crosses and evaluation of the crosses to estimate combining abilities for the desired traits. Predicting heterosis or hybrid performance in any way possible may help to reduce the number of crosses to be made and evaluated. In this study, four sets of experiments were conducted to determine whether heterosis can be predicted based on inbred line performance, genetic distance between parents and genomic prediction model. The first experiment was aimed at assessing the levels of genetic diversity, population structure and linkage disequilibrium (LD) in 279 public sorghum inbred lines, based on 66,265 SNPs generated using the genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) platform. The inbred lines were developed at different times over the last two decades and harbor robust diversity in pedigree and agronomic characteristics. Some of the inbreds are resistant to Acetolactate synthase (ALS) and Acetyl co-enzyme-A carboxylase (ACC) inhibitor herbicides. The mean polymorphic information content (PIC) and gene diversity across the entire inbreds were 0.35 and 0.46, respectively with non-herbicide resistant inbreds harboring more diversity than the herbicide resistant ones. The population structure analysis clustered the inbred lines into three major subgroups according to pedigree and fertility-reaction with the maintainer lines (B-lines) distinctly forming a separate cluster. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed more variation within subgroups than among subgroups. Substantial linkage disequilibrium (LD) was detected between the markers in the population with marked variation between chromosomes. This information may facilitate the use of the inbreds in sorghum breeding programs and provide perspectives for optimizing marker density for gene mapping and marker-assisted breeding. The second experiment, based on 102 F1 hybrids developed by intercrossing closely and distantly related inbreds, was conducted to investigate the relationship of genetic distance between parents with hybrid vigor or heterosis. The F1 hybrids alongside their parents were evaluated at two environments in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The results show that correlations of genetic distance between parents with hybrid performance and heterosis were variable and dependent on the trait. Though most were statistically non-significant and not strong to be used as predictor for heterosis, the results tend to show that certain level of genetic distance between parents is needed to capture maximum heterosis and hybrid performance. The objective of the third research study was to determine whether traits measured on parents can be used to predict hybrid performance in sorghum and to assess the combining ability of selected inbreds. Forty-six parental inbred lines and 75 F1 hybrids generated from intercrossing the inbreds were evaluated in four environments in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The average performance of the parents (mid-parent) was significantly correlated with hybrid performance for thousand kernel weight, days to flowering and plant height. Significant general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining abilities were observed for most traits, with highly significant GCA effects observed for most traits as compared to SCA indicating that additive genetic effects are more important in affecting the inheritance of the traits measured. Results show that studying parental inbred line performance could generate important information for predicting hybrid performance in sorghum. The fourth experiment was aimed at assessing the efficacy of genomic prediction of hybrid performance in sorghum. Genomic prediction was performed with five-fold cross-validation procedure on 204 F1 hybrids developed using 102 inbred lines. A total of 66,265 SNP markers generated using genotyping-by-sequencing were used in this study. Results showed that increasing training population size increased prediction accuracies for all traits with the effect being different for different traits. Also, considering additive effects alone versus additive and dominance effects in the model showed similar trend of prediction accuracy but the full model (considering both additive and dominance effects of the markers) provided better prediction at least for some of the traits. The results suggest that genomic prediction could become an effective tool for predicting the performance of untested sorghum hybrids thus adding efficiency to hybrid selection.
Book Synopsis Physiological Characterization of Parents of Sorghum Mapping Populations Exposed to Water-deficit Stress by : Regina Enninful
Download or read book Physiological Characterization of Parents of Sorghum Mapping Populations Exposed to Water-deficit Stress written by Regina Enninful and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Changing climate presents new challenges to agricultural production and global climate models project increased intensity and magnitude in water-deficit stress conditions in the future. This is especially challenging for the arid and semi-arid regions of the world, where sorghum forms an important component of the cropping system. The research objective was to characterize eleven genetically and geographically diverse sorghum Nested Association Mapping parental lines (Ajabsido, SC1103, SC265, P898012, SC35, Macia, SC283, SC1345, Segaolane, SC971 and RTx430 - the common parent) for shoot and root related physiological parameters during the vegetative and grain filling stages. Using a lysimeter based experiment in the greenhouse, water-deficit stress (55 % to 60 % field capacity) imposed for 15 days during the vegetative stage recorded significant variation between water-deficit stress and well-watered treatments for all physiological and agronomic traits regardless of the genotypic variance, except for rooting depth. The genotype by treatment interaction indicated stem height to be not only under genetic control but was subject to complex effects of the watering regimes. Transpiration efficiency and carbon isotope discrimination increased for water-deficit stressed plants. A significantly higher biomass partitioning to the roots was detected under water-deficit stress compared with the well-watered plants. In Ghana, another experiment focusing on the vegetative stage with two levels of water-deficit stress imposed on selected set of sorghum genotypes, recorded a greater decrease for shoot and root related traits under the more severe stress (50 % to 55 % FC; lasting for 21 days) than the moderate water-deficit condition (60 % to 65 % FC; lasting for 15 days). The mean cumulative water transpired (liters) during the 21 days period was 2.32 for the severe water-deficit stress, 6.88 for the moderate water-deficit stress, and 10.7 for the well-watered condition. In the grain filling experiments conducted in both the greenhouse and on the field, water-deficit stress induced variations in grain number and grain weight along different positions on the panicle among the tested genotypes. In this regard, differences in panicle positional grain number accounted for differences in panicle positional grain weight as the positional individual grain weight was not affected by the stress. Regardless of the watering treatments however, differences in grain numbers and grain weight among genotypes resulted from the diversity in panicle architecture other than grain filling dynamics. In both the greenhouse and field experiments, SC1103 did not record any significant difference between the watering treatment for all measured growth and yield traits. Spearman's rank correlations indicated the ability to select for water-deficit tolerance traits in the greenhouse that would partially represent rankings on the field. Generally, performance of genotypes such as SC35 portrayed a higher level of tolerance to water-deficit stress whereas other genotypes such as SC971 depicted significantly higher level of susceptibility. Findings from this research is helpful for providing pathways to map genomic regions responsible for increased resilience to water-deficit stress.
Book Synopsis Screening Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench) Genotypes for Differential Responses to Iron Nutrition by : Y. Yusuf
Download or read book Screening Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench) Genotypes for Differential Responses to Iron Nutrition written by Y. Yusuf and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experiment were conducted with sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) to a) determine optimum conditions to screen for differential responses of genotypes to Fe deficiency in nutrient solutions, b) compare responses of nutrient solution-grown plants to soil-grown plants, and C) determine some of the physiological and chemical properties of genotypes consiedered to be both tolerant and susceptible to Fe deficiencies. Plants were grown in nutrient solutions and soils under growth chamber and greenhouse conditions. Iron deficiencies were imposed on the plants by 1) adding varied amounts of Fe, 2) adding higher than normal levels of P, 3) adding high levels of CaCO3, 4) using different sources of N, and 5) using low Fe soils. Parameters used to measure some aspectsof different responses of the genotypes to Fe and the physiological and chemical properties were the degree Fe deficiencysymptoms in the upper leaves, dry-matter yields, dry-matter produced/unit Fe, Fe concentration and contents, top/root dry-matter and Fe ratios, distribution of Fe among upper and lower leaves, Ph changes innutrient solutions, 'reductant' (phenolic compounds) released by roots in nutrient solution, leaf surface areas and plant heights, leaf chlorophyll concentrations, and concentrations of P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Mn, Cu, and Zn and their possible interactions with Fe in leaves and roots. In nutrient solution screening, plants grown with higher than normal P and with N03 as the sole source of N become Fe deficient more rapidly and gave wider (...).
Book Synopsis Quantitative Trait Locus (QTL) Mapping of Transpiration Efficiency Related to Pre-flower Drought Tolerance in Sorghum [Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench] by : Mohankumar Heraganahally Kapanigowda
Download or read book Quantitative Trait Locus (QTL) Mapping of Transpiration Efficiency Related to Pre-flower Drought Tolerance in Sorghum [Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench] written by Mohankumar Heraganahally Kapanigowda and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is an increasing need to improve crop water-use efficiency (WUE) (ratio of whole-plant biomass to cumulative transpiration) due to decreased water availability and increased food and energy demands throughout the world. The objective of the study was to estimate the genetic variation and genetic basis for transpiration efficiency A:E (CO2 assimilation rate (A) divided by transpiration rate (E)) trait and its relationship to WUE related to pre-flower drought tolerance in recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of sorghum and associated QTLs. A greenhouse study was conducted at Bushland, TX, 2008, using 71 RILs derived from cross of Tx430 x Tx7078. A randomized complete block experimental design was used, with both genotype and water regime (40 and 80 percent water regime) as experimental factors, and four replications. Genotype had a significant effect on A, E and A:E under both the environments. Among the RILs, entry means for A:E ranged from 1.58 to 3.07 mmol CO2 mol^-1 H2O and 1.18 to 4.36 mmol CO2 mol^-1 H2O under 80 percent and 40 percent water regime, respectively. Heritability estimates based on individual environments for A:E, A and E were 0.77, 0.45 and 0.37 under 80 percent water regime and 0.90, 0.33 and 0.71 under 40 percent water regime, respectively. A genetic map was constructed by digital genotyping method using Illumina GAII sequencer with 261 informative indel/ single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP's) markers distributed over 10 linkage groups. Three significant QTLs associated with transpiration efficiency were identified; two on SBI-09 and one on SBI-10 with one logarithmic of odds (LOD) interval length ranging from 5.3 to 5.7 cM and accounting for 17 percent - 21 percent of the phenotypic variation. In field and greenhouse evaluation of agronomic of traits at College Station and Halfway, TX, 91 QTL that control variation in six major agronomic traits such as plant height, flowering, biomass, leaf area, leaf greenness and stomatal density were identified. Co-localization of transpiration efficiency QTLs with agronomic traits such as leaf area, biomass, leaf width and stomatal density indicated that these agronomically important QTLs can be used for further improving the sorghum performance through marker assisted selection (MAS) under pre-flowering drought stress conditions.
Book Synopsis Agronomical, Physiological and Biochemical Approaches to Characterize Sweet Sorghum Genotypes for Biofuel Production by : Satheesh K. Subramanian
Download or read book Agronomical, Physiological and Biochemical Approaches to Characterize Sweet Sorghum Genotypes for Biofuel Production written by Satheesh K. Subramanian and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) is an important bioenergy crop. There is a wide array of genetic diversity in sweet sorghum germplasm collections. However, information on traits associated with sugar yield, optimum harvesting time for maximum sugar yield, effects of abiotic stresses on sugar yield is scarce. The objectives of the present study were: to identify traits that are associated with sugar yield, to determine the optimum harvesting time for maximum sugar yield and to understand the physiological responses of different sweet sorghum genotypes to drought and high temperature. In order to meet these objectives, five independent field and greenhouse studies were conducted. Field experiments were conducted using 280 sweet sorghum germplasm and were evaluated for 2 years. From this study, 30 genotypes representing high and low sugar yielders were selected for the subsequent experiment. We observed a significant variation in physiological, morphological and sugar yield traits associated with biofuel production. In the selection experiment, investigations on the morphological, physiological attributes helped to identify those characters which influence or limit sugar yield in the sweet sorghum. Another field study was conducted to optimize the harvesting time for obtaining highest sugar and juice yields in sweet sorghum. Sweet sorghum variety M81E was harvested at ten growth stages. Our results suggest that the optimum time for harvesting of sweet sorghum cultivar M81E is between milk and hard dough stages when highest sugar yield was observed. Studies on different levels of water stress were studied under greenhouse conditions. Four sweet sorghum genotypes (Awanlek, Smith, Tracy and Wray) were subjected to three water stress treatments (100% pot capacity (PC); 70% PC and 30% PC) for 20 days at early seed filling (Milk) stage. The results showed that genotypes differed significantly for all growth and yield, biochemical and physiological traits. Severe water stress significantly decreased juice and sugar yields by decreasing net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and sucrose content in the stem juice. Genotypes Tracy and Wray produced significantly highest brix, stem fresh weight, juice and sugar yield under both irrigated and water stress conditions. In another greenhouse study, we quantified the effects of drought, high temperature, and their combinations on growth, physiology and yield of sweet sorghum genotypes. The same four genotypes above were subjected to four treatments, T1 - control, T2 - drought stress, T3 - high temperature stress and T4 - combination of drought and high temperature for 16 days after anthesis. The result showed that significant difference was observed for growth and yield traits, physiological traits and non-reducing and total sugar content in juice for genotypes and treatments. Among the genotypes Tracy recorded higher juice and sugar yield. Among the various treatments, combination of drought and high temperature was found to be more deleterious in reducing most of the biofuel traits followed by drought and high temperature stress. The above studies gave significant findings with regards to the identification of superior sweet sorghum germplasm, their tolerance capacity to different abiotic stresses, which allows better selection for the use of bioenergy production.
Book Synopsis Characterization of Grain Sorghum for Physiological and Yield Traits Associated with Drought Tolerance by :
Download or read book Characterization of Grain Sorghum for Physiological and Yield Traits Associated with Drought Tolerance written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) is the fourth most important cereal crop grown throughout the semi-arid regions of the world. It is a staple food crop in Africa and Asia, while it is an important feed crop in the United States (US). More recently it is increasingly becoming important as a potential bioenergy feedstock crop around the world. The state of Kansas is the largest producer of grain sorghum in the US and contributes 40% of the total production. Drought is one of the major environmental factors limiting sorghum production in the semi-arid regions of the US, Asia and Africa. It is estimated that global crop losses due to drought stress exceed $10 billion annually. In crop production, drought stress can be classified into pre- or post-flowering. Even though the world collections of sorghum contain over 35,000 accessions, the genetic base currently used in breeding programs is very small (about 3%). Thus, it is important to identify diverse breeding lines for crop improvement. The diversity (association) panel consisting of 300 sorghum lines from all over the world was assembled for trait evaluation and association mapping. In this research these lines were grouped into the five major races (Figure 1) and 10 intermediate races of sorghum. The objectives of the research are to: (i) quantify the performance of the diversity panel under field conditions in Kansas, (ii) identify critical physiological traits affected by drought at both pre- and post-flowering stages of sorghum development, (iii) identify the most sensitive stage to drought stress during the reproductive phase of sorghum development and, (iv) test the feasibility of using a chlorophyll fluorescence assay (CVA) as a tool for identifying stay-green lines in grain sorghum during early stages of crop development. Field experiments were conducted in 2006 and 2007 in two locations in Kansas (Manhattan and Hays) under rain fed and irrigated conditions for the association panel. Objectives (iii) and (iv) were achieved with controlled environment experiments conducted in the greenhouse at the agronomy department, Kansas State University in 2006 and 2007. Results showed that there was large genetic variability among and within different races in the diversity panel for growth, physiological traits and yield components. Some genotypes showed yield stability across the different environments that were investigated. Drought significantly decreased seed number and harvest index across genotypes and races. In grain sorghum the period prior to flowering (panicle initiation) was the most sensitive stage to drought stress, in terms of its effect on seed-set, during reproductive development. A cell viability assay showed that there were significant differences in the loss of cell viability between leaf sample of stay green and non-stay green genotypes when leaf samples are collected in the morning and subjected to high respiratory demand. Therefore the chlorophyll fluorescence assay has potential as a tool for stay green trait screening at early stages of growth in grain sorghum.
Book Synopsis Evaluation of Sorghum Genotypes for Variation in Canopy Temperature and Drought Tolerance by : Raymond Ngao Mutava
Download or read book Evaluation of Sorghum Genotypes for Variation in Canopy Temperature and Drought Tolerance written by Raymond Ngao Mutava and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) is the fifth most economically important cereal crop grown worldwide and adapted to a wide range of climatic conditions. Drought stress has been ranked as one of the most significant causes of crop yield loss with its effects on yield and yield components. Conservative water use by plants is one of the strategies that can be used as a drought coping mechanism. The slow wilting trait has been associated with conservative water use and has been found in some sorghum genotypes. The purpose of this study was to use canopy temperature to screen for drought tolerance in sorghum, evaluate water use efficiency for slow wilting sorghum genotypes and determine variability in root morphology and response to drought among sorghum genotypes. Canopy temperature studies were conducted under field conditions using infrared (IR) sensors while water use efficiency and root studies were conducted under greenhouse conditions. Our results showed a distinct separation in canopy temperature among genotypes under field conditions at 2:00 pm to 6:00 pm. Midday canopy temperature depression (CTD) was positively correlated to yield (R2 = 0.19) and harvest index (R2 = 0.11). CTD was also stable for all the genotypes during the period from 1:00 pm to 7:00 pm. There was a negative correlation between CTD and crop water stress index (CWSI) (R2 = 0.34) and a positive one between canopy temperature and CWSI (R2 = 0.50). Evaluation of genotypes for water use efficiency revealed significant variability among sorghum genotypes in the amount of water used (10.48 - 13.52 kg) and transpiration efficiency (TE) (2.64 - 7.11 g kg−1) among genotypes. Slow wilting genotypes were high in TE. Rooting depth increased for some genotypes under drought stress with genotype SC1124 recording the largest increase (180%). Total root length for some genotypes increased by 11 - 113% with genotypes SC224 and SC1019 recording the greatest increase. There was a positive correlation between water used and root length (R2 = 0.21). These results show that there is potential for selection of drought tolerance in sorghum and that genotypes with the slow wilting traits are efficient in water use.
Book Synopsis Sweet Sorghum- Variability & Correlation Among the Different Traits by : Dheeraj Shinde
Download or read book Sweet Sorghum- Variability & Correlation Among the Different Traits written by Dheeraj Shinde and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2014-02 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As, Sweet Sorghum has bright future in ethanol fuel production hence a field experiment was conducted to study the magnitude of genetic variability and character association in 46 genotypes of Sweet Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]. Experiment conducted in randomized block design with three replications showed tremendous genetic variability and correlation among various characters.It will prove to be the base material in genetic improvement of sweet sorghum crop as variability is essential requirement of any crop improvement program.
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