Genetic Variation For Physiological Traits Affecting Drought Tolerance Among Ontario Adapted Commercial Soybean Glycine Max L Merr Varieties Grown In 1 M Rooting Columns

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Genetic Variation for Physiological Traits Affecting Drought Tolerance Among Ontario-adapted Commercial Soybean [Glycine Max (L.) Merr.] Varieties Grown in 1-m Rooting Columns

Author : Michael Gebretsadik Gebre
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (132 download)

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Book Synopsis Genetic Variation for Physiological Traits Affecting Drought Tolerance Among Ontario-adapted Commercial Soybean [Glycine Max (L.) Merr.] Varieties Grown in 1-m Rooting Columns by : Michael Gebretsadik Gebre

Download or read book Genetic Variation for Physiological Traits Affecting Drought Tolerance Among Ontario-adapted Commercial Soybean [Glycine Max (L.) Merr.] Varieties Grown in 1-m Rooting Columns written by Michael Gebretsadik Gebre and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drought stress significantly limits soybean production in Ontario. Identification of physiological traits to improve drought tolerance in soybean would benefit from controlled-environment phenotyping methods. It was hypothesized that elite Ontario-adapted soybean varieties would differ for drought tolerance. A greenhouse culture system was developed employing 1-m rooting columns filled with amended field soil, that presents field-like volumetric soil water content and rooting profiles by depth. Different levels of drought stress were simulated in this system by restoring soil water to 100% (control), 75% (mild stress) or 50% (drought stress) of the maximum soil water holding capacity by daily weighing and watering from first flower (R1) until maturity. The effect of applying fertilizer throughout the 1-m soil profile instead of confining it to the upper 30 cm was tested. Distributing fertilizer over the entire 1-m rooting depth resulted in deeper rooting and more soil water extraction at depth at the R1 stage; however, these effects did not persist until maturity and so did not affect drought tolerance. Fifteen Ontario-adapted commercial soybean varieties were compared for their drought tolerance, defined as the ratio of their seed yield under drought conditions compared to control conditions (seed yield ratio; SYR). Similar to the effects of drought in the field, pod number was by far the yield component most affected, with effects on seeds per pod and single-seed weight being relatively minor. Based on their SYR, two drought-sensitive varieties (Saska and OAC Drayton) and three drought-tolerant varieties (OAC Lakeview, OAC Champion, and PRO 2715R) were identified. Principal components analysis showed that drought-tolerant varieties were those that maintained relatively high water use, shoot dry matter, and pod number under stress. Varieties differed for root biomass distribution by depth, but not for soil water extraction profiles, and there was no evidence that differences in drought tolerance were associated with rooting traits among these fifteen varieties. This study helps define the physiological basis of soybean variety differences in drought tolerance, and provides novel phenotyping tools for soybean breeders to select for root function and yield formation traits that could improve soybean yield under drought stress.

Abiotic Stress Adaptation and Tolerance Mechanisms in Crop Plants

Author : Jiban Shrestha
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832550924
Total Pages : 613 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Abiotic Stress Adaptation and Tolerance Mechanisms in Crop Plants by : Jiban Shrestha

Download or read book Abiotic Stress Adaptation and Tolerance Mechanisms in Crop Plants written by Jiban Shrestha and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-06-27 with total page 613 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agricultural communities are being affected by climate change. Droughts, heat waves, cold snaps, and flooding are all regarded as severe threats to crop production as they hinder plant growth and development, resulting in yield losses. Plants respond to stress through a complex process that includes changes in physiological and biochemical processes, gene expression, and alterations in the amounts of metabolites and proteins at different developmental stages. This special issue will focus on recent advances in the use of various traditional and modern biotechnological strategies to understand stress adaptation and tolerance mechanisms including (but not limited to) genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, proteomics, miRNA, genome editing, transgenic plants, exogenous application of plant growth regulators, and so on. Abiotic stress is a key constraint to agricultural production around the world. Water deficit, excess precipitation, high and low temperature, and salinity are the most prevalent abiotic stresses. Compaction, mineral availability, and pH-related stressors are among the others. This Research Topic aims to highlight the most recent breakthroughs in plant responses to abiotic stresses and adaptation/tolerance strategies. This special issue provides the advanced toolkit and technologies that are used to investigate and understand plant responses to abiotic stress. The purpose of this special issue is to give a platform for scientists and academics from across the world to promote, share, and discuss new concerns and advancements in the field of abiotic stress in plants. Current updates and recent developments in the physiological, molecular, and genetic perspectives on combined and sequential stress responses and tolerance in field crops are expected in articles. Original research and review articles dealing with abiotic stress are welcomed. In this special issue, potential topics include, but are not limited to: • Physiological, biochemical and molecular responses of plants under abiotic stress. • Systems biology approaches to study abiotic stress in crop plants. • Phenotyping for abiotic stress tolerance in crops. • Physiological and molecular characterization of crop tolerance to abiotic stresses. • Molecular breeding for developing and improving abiotic stress resilience in crops. • Microbial mitigation of abiotic stress responses in crops • Omics technologies for abiotic stress tolerance in plants. • Performance of novel GMO crops under abiotic stress conditions. • CRISPR-Cas Genome editing tools for the Improvement of abiotic stress tolerance in plants. • Crop production in abiotic stress conditions.

Genetics of Physiological Traits Associated with Drought Tolerance in Soybean (glycine Max)

Author : Sumandeep Kaur Bazzer
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 430 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (126 download)

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Book Synopsis Genetics of Physiological Traits Associated with Drought Tolerance in Soybean (glycine Max) by : Sumandeep Kaur Bazzer

Download or read book Genetics of Physiological Traits Associated with Drought Tolerance in Soybean (glycine Max) written by Sumandeep Kaur Bazzer and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soybean (Glycine max L.) is one of the major row crops in the United States, and its production is often limited by drought stress. Physiological traits from exotic germplasm that confer drought tolerance may be useful in improving commercial soybean production. For example, carbon isotope ratio (?13C) is positively correlated with water use efficiency (WUE), and nitrogen isotope ratio (?15N) is negatively correlated with N2 fixation; canopy temperature (CT) is an indicator for genetic variation in transpiration and stomatal conductance. Therefore, the objectives of this research were to identify the genomic regions associated with: (1) ?13C and ?15N using a population of 196 F6-derived recombinant inbred lines (RIL) from PI 416997 × PI 567201D that was phenotyped in four environments, (2) CT and ?13C using a population of 168 F5-derived RILs from KS4895 × Jackson that was phenotyped in multiple environments and irrigation treatments. In the PI 416997 × PI 567201D population, ?13C and ?15N had a wide phenotypic range in all environments, and PI 416997 had higher ?13C and lower ?15N values than PI 567201D. ?13C had high heritability (90%) whereas the heritability of ?15N was relatively lower (35%), indicating that ?15N was more affected by the environment. QTL mapping identified eight loci on seven chromosomes associated with ?13C, and these loci explained between 2.5 to 30% of the phenotypic variation. There were 13 loci on 10 chromosomes associated with ?15N, explaining 1.7 to 14.4% of the phenotypic variation. There were strong interactions between QTLs and environments for ?15N. In the KS4895 × Jackson RIL population, Jackson had a cooler canopy than KS4895, and the heritability of CT had low heritability (31%) across environments. There were 11 loci present on eight chromosomes associated with CT that individually explained 4.6 to 12.3% of the phenotypic variation. The heritability of ?13C in KS4895 × Jackson RIL population heritability was 83% when estimated over environments and over irrigation treatments. A total of 24 QTLs associated with ?13C were identified and clustered in nine genomic loci on seven chromosomes. The identified QTLs for ?13C, ?15N, and CT were co-localized with genomic regions associated with drought tolerance-related traits from previous studies. These genomic regions may be important resources in soybean breeding programs to improve tolerance to drought. Further research is needed to fine map the identified QTLs and validate markers linked with these regions.

Potential for Improving the Drought Resistance of Soybean (Glycine Max (L.) Merr.) Using the Transpiration Efficiency Trait

Author : Damien Scott White
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 306 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (222 download)

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Book Synopsis Potential for Improving the Drought Resistance of Soybean (Glycine Max (L.) Merr.) Using the Transpiration Efficiency Trait by : Damien Scott White

Download or read book Potential for Improving the Drought Resistance of Soybean (Glycine Max (L.) Merr.) Using the Transpiration Efficiency Trait written by Damien Scott White and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The improvement of drought tolerance of commercial soybean varieties via indirect selection for transpiration efficiency (TE) in breeding programs was investigated. The extent and nature of variation for TE among soybean genotypes were established through glasshouse experiments under well watered conditions, and confirmed in the field under contrasting water stress conditions. The results suggest that increasing TE will be a beneficial strategy to improve soybean grain yield at the crop level, and a protocol developed suited to indirect selection for high TE soybean genotypes under a range of environments. This will have immediate application in the development of soybean varieties specifically adapted to the dryland production areas of the Australian sub-tropics.

Evaluation of Soybean (Glycine Max L. Merr.) Root Development in Greenhouse Solution Culture and the Relationship to Drought Tolerance in the Field

Download Evaluation of Soybean (Glycine Max L. Merr.) Root Development in Greenhouse Solution Culture and the Relationship to Drought Tolerance in the Field PDF Online Free

Author : Lynn Liane Scherbert
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 218 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Evaluation of Soybean (Glycine Max L. Merr.) Root Development in Greenhouse Solution Culture and the Relationship to Drought Tolerance in the Field by : Lynn Liane Scherbert

Download or read book Evaluation of Soybean (Glycine Max L. Merr.) Root Development in Greenhouse Solution Culture and the Relationship to Drought Tolerance in the Field written by Lynn Liane Scherbert and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Physiological Traits Affecting Drought Tolerance in Ontario-adapted Soybean

Author : Alison Elizabeth Walden-Coleman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780494522790
Total Pages : 103 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (227 download)

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Book Synopsis Physiological Traits Affecting Drought Tolerance in Ontario-adapted Soybean by : Alison Elizabeth Walden-Coleman

Download or read book Physiological Traits Affecting Drought Tolerance in Ontario-adapted Soybean written by Alison Elizabeth Walden-Coleman and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Genetic Variability for Drought Tolerance and Agronomic Traits Contributing to Seed Yield in Soybean (Glycine Max (L.) Merrill)

Author : N. P. Arunakumar
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 134 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (827 download)

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Book Synopsis Genetic Variability for Drought Tolerance and Agronomic Traits Contributing to Seed Yield in Soybean (Glycine Max (L.) Merrill) by : N. P. Arunakumar

Download or read book Genetic Variability for Drought Tolerance and Agronomic Traits Contributing to Seed Yield in Soybean (Glycine Max (L.) Merrill) written by N. P. Arunakumar and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Study of Drought Tolerant Gene Expression in Selected Soybean Cultivars (Glycine Max (L. Merr)

Author : Yunru Cao
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 84 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (471 download)

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Book Synopsis Study of Drought Tolerant Gene Expression in Selected Soybean Cultivars (Glycine Max (L. Merr) by : Yunru Cao

Download or read book Study of Drought Tolerant Gene Expression in Selected Soybean Cultivars (Glycine Max (L. Merr) written by Yunru Cao and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Soybean Genetics Newsletter

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 766 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (6 download)

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Book Synopsis Soybean Genetics Newsletter by :

Download or read book Soybean Genetics Newsletter written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 766 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Investigations Into Using Vegetative Indices in Soybean Breeding

Author : Randi R. Clark
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (95 download)

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Book Synopsis Investigations Into Using Vegetative Indices in Soybean Breeding by : Randi R. Clark

Download or read book Investigations Into Using Vegetative Indices in Soybean Breeding written by Randi R. Clark and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Yield in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr) needs to dramatically increase across the world to feed the growing population. Remote sensing and high-throughput phenotyping may provide a tool to better phenotype soybean genotypes. This research was conducted to: 1) examine the relationships between NDVI and CT with seed yield, maturity, lodging, and height, 2) determine if the time of day and growth stage have an effect on the spectral readings, 3) examine the relationships between spectral reflectance and traits associated with drought tolerance, and 4) evaluate how weather variables impact the ability of vegetative indices and canopy temperature to detect differences among genotypes. Ninety genotypes from the mapping population derived from the cross between KS4895 x Jackson were evaluated in Manhattan, KS, in 2013 and in McCune, Pittsburg, and Salina, KS in 2014. Genotypes were planted in a randomized complete bloc design in four-row, 3.4m long plots spaced 76 cm apart. Plant height, lodging, maturity and seed yield was collected on the center two rows of each plot. Spectral readings used to calculate a normalized differential vegetative index (NDVI) and canopy temperature (CT) were taken during reproductive growth. Nitrogen fixation trait and drought tolerance data was collected by the University of Arkansas. This population exhibited a substantial genetic variation for all traits evaluated. Correlations of NDVI and CT entry means with the agronomic traits were small and inconsistent. Time of day and growth stage were not important in differentiating genotypes. Differences in NDVI and CT did account for some genetic variation in drought tolerance traits, however, the strength of the associations were small. None of the weather variables were consistently associated with an increase or decrease in entry or error variance across the four environments. Stronger associations need to be established to use NDVI or CT to characterize differences in genotypes in a plant breeding program.

A Genotypic Comparison of Plasticity of Root System Development During Soil Drying in Soybean (Glycine Max (L.) Merrill)

Author : Tracy Cottle Scanlan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (171 download)

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Book Synopsis A Genotypic Comparison of Plasticity of Root System Development During Soil Drying in Soybean (Glycine Max (L.) Merrill) by : Tracy Cottle Scanlan

Download or read book A Genotypic Comparison of Plasticity of Root System Development During Soil Drying in Soybean (Glycine Max (L.) Merrill) written by Tracy Cottle Scanlan and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water deficit is responsible for significant losses in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) yield under dryland conditions. Under drought, increases in root depth and density, i.e., developmental plasticity, enable plants to sustain high rates of water extraction and help to maintain yield (O'Toole and Bland, 1987; Sponchiado et al., 1989; White and Castillo, 1989). The objective of this project was to screen and identify soybean lines exhibiting diversity in root system characteristics that are associated with drought tolerance, in order to enable physiological and genetic analyses of the regulatory mechanisms involved. A genetically diverse collection of soybean genotypes was selected for screening. To evaluate root plasticity in response to soil drying, an experimental system that allowed spatial and temporal monitoring of root proliferation was developed. Plants were grown in soil columns 1.5 meters in depth, and subjected to soil drying for three weeks. The vertical distribution of root development was monitored photographically at weekly intervals, and plants were harvested at the end of the experiments for taproot length and shoot biomass. In nine genotypes tested under greenhouse conditions, final taproot length ranged from 98% to 150% of well-watered controls. Genetic variation in the response of rooting density to drought was also demonstrated. However, comparison between genotypes was complicated by variation in leaf area development and, as a result, in rates of soil drying and plant stress development, as well as by seasonal variation in the greenhouse environmental conditions. Therefore, growth chamber studies which allowed equivalent rates of soil drying between two selected genotypes were conducted. These studies demonstrated that under equivalent rates of soil drying, insignificant differences in the response of rooting density to drought between the two genotypes were observed.

Drought Physiology of Beans

Author : Viviana Medina
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781369311631
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (116 download)

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Book Synopsis Drought Physiology of Beans by : Viviana Medina

Download or read book Drought Physiology of Beans written by Viviana Medina and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global warming's expected harsher and more extreme weather patterns will severely affect agriculture. As a matter of food security, agriculture needs to adapt to these warmer, drier conditions. The main purpose of this dissertation was to find target traits that breeders can use to select for greater drought resilience and tolerance specifically for soybean (Glycine max), tepary (Phaseolus acutifolius), lima (P. lunatus) and common bean (P. vulgaris). The initial step was to define drought and a hierarchy of drought adaptation mechanisms and appropriate experiments (Gilbert and Medina 2016). Physiological traits such as stomatal closure under high VPD, heat tolerance, and photosynthetic damage repair were assessed under field ((Chapter 1 and 3) (Medina and Gilbert 2015) or outdoors under high-light/ high-heat (conditions of Chapter 2). While species and genotype differences were apparent, the species were not considerably different, and plants successfully avoided photosynthetic damage. While physiological traits were important for tolerance, we found limited genetic variation for use in breeding programs. The new experimental protocols developed in this work allowed greater differentiation of traits than in the past (Chapter 2), explaining why this study found limited differences in comparison to past studies that had less physiological control of stress and soil water deficit. In the field, phenology differences and variations towards allocation of biomass to reproduction appeared to have the greatest influence on drought productivity (Chapter 3). Future breeding programs in Phaseolus species should thus further focus on phenology and reproductive allocation differences rather than physiology differences. The four species of leguminous crops studied here showed considerable ability to withstand soil water deficit and had sufficient physiological damage avoidance mechanisms to be effective under drought, but differed significantly more in their reproductive success under drought conditions.

Evaluation and Genetic Analysis of Two Soybean [Glycine Max (L.) Merr.] Recombinant Inbred Line Populations Segregating for Resistance to Root Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne Incognita)

Download Evaluation and Genetic Analysis of Two Soybean [Glycine Max (L.) Merr.] Recombinant Inbred Line Populations Segregating for Resistance to Root Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne Incognita) PDF Online Free

Author : Drew Wright
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 94 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (837 download)

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Book Synopsis Evaluation and Genetic Analysis of Two Soybean [Glycine Max (L.) Merr.] Recombinant Inbred Line Populations Segregating for Resistance to Root Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne Incognita) by : Drew Wright

Download or read book Evaluation and Genetic Analysis of Two Soybean [Glycine Max (L.) Merr.] Recombinant Inbred Line Populations Segregating for Resistance to Root Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne Incognita) written by Drew Wright and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most economically important pathogens of US soybeans is the Southern Root Knot Nematode [(Meloidogyne incognita ) (Kofoid and White) Chitwood] (Mi). Evaluation and identification of resistance is highly important to the plant breeding program at SIUC. The main objective of this study was to screen within the greenhouse two F5:7 recombinant inbred line (RIL) (n =96) from crosses between LS90-1920 or LS97-1610 (resistant parents) with 'Spencer' (susceptible parent) to identify sources of resistance for Mi. Additionally, the RILs were evaluated in two locations in southern Illinois (Harrisburg and Dowell) in 2011 for several agronomic characteristics including yield performance. The phenotypic data collected from field and greenhouse experiments was used to select for superior lines within the two populations. The screening data was also used to identify single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers associated with Mi resistance. Initial screening of the 5,361 SNP markers indicated four SNP markers (ss247062763, ss247064854, ss247077423 and ss247067293) highly associated with resistance to Mi. The results will help accelerating selection practices, and have provided high yielding resistant lines for the creation of resistant commercial varieties.

Comparison of Two Soybean Cultivars (Glycine Max (L.) Merr.) for Drought Resistance Under Greenhouse Conditions Using Several Drought Indicators

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Author : Richard Douglas Nesbitt
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 98 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (145 download)

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Book Synopsis Comparison of Two Soybean Cultivars (Glycine Max (L.) Merr.) for Drought Resistance Under Greenhouse Conditions Using Several Drought Indicators by : Richard Douglas Nesbitt

Download or read book Comparison of Two Soybean Cultivars (Glycine Max (L.) Merr.) for Drought Resistance Under Greenhouse Conditions Using Several Drought Indicators written by Richard Douglas Nesbitt and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Adaptation to Water Stress in Soybean: Morphology to Genetics

Author : Tuanjie Zhao
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (115 download)

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Book Synopsis Adaptation to Water Stress in Soybean: Morphology to Genetics by : Tuanjie Zhao

Download or read book Adaptation to Water Stress in Soybean: Morphology to Genetics written by Tuanjie Zhao and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soybean (Glycine max L.) is the most important legume and oilseed crop. As a leguminous crop, it plays an irreplaceable role towards the sustainable agricultural system with biological nitrogen fixation. However, its production can be dramatically decreased by the occurrence of water stress. Water stress including drought and flooding induces the morpho-physiological and biochemical changes at different growth stages, which negatively affects the adaptability and yield of soybean. Genetic diversity that ensures productivity in challenging environment exists within germplasm, their wild relatives and species that are adapted to the water stress. The discovery of gene mapping, QTLs associated with root traits, slow canopy wilting, nitrogen fixation and flooding tolerance have accomplished significant progress in breeding programs. Identification of drought-responsive genes and transcription factors such as WRKY, DREBs, ERFs, ZIP, ZFP, MYB and NAC are valuable to ameliorate the water stress in soybean. Understanding the genetic mechanism using transcriptomic and proteomic approaches would be the ultimate choice for mitigating the water stress. Integration of well-designed soybean breeding program coupled with omic techniques would pave the way for developing drought and flooding resilient soybean cultivars.

Physiological Characterization of the SoyNAM Parental Lines Under Field Conditions

Author : Akshita Mishra
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Physiological Characterization of the SoyNAM Parental Lines Under Field Conditions by : Akshita Mishra

Download or read book Physiological Characterization of the SoyNAM Parental Lines Under Field Conditions written by Akshita Mishra and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The narrow genetic pool of soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) in North America can limit its future yield gains. Among the worldwide germplasm collection of 45,000 unique landraces, only 80 contribute 99% to the collective parentage of North American soybean cultivars. Among these 80 landraces, just 17 contribute to 86% of the collective parentage of the modern cultivars. The Soybean Nested Association Mapping population (SoyNAM) was therefore developed with the objective of diversifying the soybean gene pool. Forty diverse soybean genotypes from maturity groups (MG) 1 through 5 were crossed with a common MG 3 parent to develop 40 recombinant inbred populations. Each of these populations has 140 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) and have been genotyped with molecular markers and characterized for few important traits. This experiment was conducted during three consecutive summers, in Fayetteville, Arkansas with the objective to phenotype the SoyNAM parental lines for yield and drought-related traits. And, then identify the extreme genotypes among these parental genotypes, which have either not been mapped previously or if mapped have not been mapped very extensively. Canopy coverage was estimated through aerial digital images taken 3 to 4 times until canopy closure. After canopy closure, during late vegetative or early R1 stage, shoot samples were taken that were used to determine N2 derived from the atmosphere (NDFA), shoot nitrogen and ureide concentrations, and e13C (an indirect measure of water use efficiency). Two harvests were made at mid-R5 and two weeks later, to calculate seed growth rate and effective filling period. Wilting measurements were taken towards the end of irrigation cycles when drought symptoms started appearing. Yield and harvest index (HI) were determined from a bordered section of each plot at maturity. Statistical analysis indicated that several parents differed statistically from the hub parent. Some genotypes were also identified as common extreme parents for more than one trait. Identification of such divergent parental lines will aid in selecting recombinant inbred populations for future quantitative trait loci mapping studies.

Crop Stress and its Management: Perspectives and Strategies

Author : B. Venkateswarlu
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400722206
Total Pages : 617 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Crop Stress and its Management: Perspectives and Strategies by : B. Venkateswarlu

Download or read book Crop Stress and its Management: Perspectives and Strategies written by B. Venkateswarlu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-11-22 with total page 617 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crops experience an assortment of environmental stresses which include abiotic viz., drought, water logging, salinity, extremes of temperature, high variability in radiation, subtle but perceptible changes in atmospheric gases and biotic viz., insects, birds, other pests, weeds, pathogens (viruses and other microbes). The ability to tolerate or adapt and overwinter by effectively countering these stresses is a very multifaceted phenomenon. In addition, the inability to do so which renders the crops susceptible is again the result of various exogenous and endogenous interactions in the ecosystem. Both biotic and abiotic stresses occur at various stages of plant development and frequently more than one stress concurrently affects the crop. Stresses result in both universal and definite effects on plant growth and development. One of the imposing tasks for the crop researchers globally is to distinguish and to diminish effects of these stress factors on the performance of crop plants, especially with respect to yield and quality of harvested products. This is of special significance in view of the impending climate change, with complex consequences for economically profitable and ecologically and environmentally sound global agriculture. The challenge at the hands of the crop scientist in such a scenario is to promote a competitive and multifunctional agriculture, leading to the production of highly nourishing, healthy and secure food and animal feed as well as raw materials for a wide variety of industrial applications. In order to successfully meet this challenge researchers have to understand the various aspects of these stresses in view of the current development from molecules to ecosystems. The book will focus on broad research areas in relation to these stresses which are in the forefront in contemporary crop stress research.