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Genetic Population Structure Of Eastern North Pacific Gray Whales Eschrichtius Robustus On Winter Breeding Grounds In Baja California
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Book Synopsis Genetic Population Structure of Eastern North Pacific Gray Whales (Eschrichtius Robustus) on Winter Breeding Grounds in Baja California by : David Scott Goerlitz
Download or read book Genetic Population Structure of Eastern North Pacific Gray Whales (Eschrichtius Robustus) on Winter Breeding Grounds in Baja California written by David Scott Goerlitz and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Population Genetics of Gray Whales (Eschrichtius Robustus) in the North Pacific by : Aimée R. Lang
Download or read book The Population Genetics of Gray Whales (Eschrichtius Robustus) in the North Pacific written by Aimée R. Lang and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Within the North Pacific, gray whales (Eschrichtius robustus) are recognized as distinct eastern and western populations. Although both populations were severely reduced by whaling, the eastern population is generally considered to have recovered while the western population has remained highly depleted. This study expanded on previous work supporting differentiation between eastern and western populations using mtDNA and utilized a panel of 13 microsatellite loci to provide additional insight into the population structure of gray whales. Comparison of microsatellite allele frequencies indicated that eastern and western populations are genetically distinct. Although highly statistically significant, the level of nuclear differentiation between the two populations was relatively low, and the results of sex-specific analyses and assignment testing suggested that some degree of male-biased dispersal may occur between populations. Within the set of samples collected from animals on the primary western feeding ground, relatedness analyses revealed that, consistent with field observations, the fidelity of females and their offspring to this area have been important in shaping the structure of the population. Furthermore, analysis of the paternity of animals first identified as calves, with known and sampled mothers, in the western population between 1995 and 2007 identified 18 males as putative fathers, providing evidence that many of the animals identified on the Sakhalin feeding ground interbreed with each other, presumably while sharing a common migratory route. However, the success of the paternity assignment was lower than expected given the high proportion of sampled animals in this population, suggesting that some males which are contributing to reproduction may not use the primary western feeding ground on a regular basis. The combination of these results suggests that the population structure of gray whales in the North Pacific is more complex than previously thought, and that some movements between the eastern and western populations may take place. However, the maintenance of genetic differences between the two populations supports their recognition as separate eastern and western populations. Future efforts should focus on elucidating the nature and extent of any dispersal which is occurring in order to better understand factors potentially influencing the recovery of the small western population.
Book Synopsis Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Cetacea: Whales, Porpoises and Dolphins by : Debra Lee Miller
Download or read book Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Cetacea: Whales, Porpoises and Dolphins written by Debra Lee Miller and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The order Cetacea comprises some amazing species, representing some of the most evolved creatures that inhabit this earth. Yet, they also represent a group of species for which much remains unknown. There are over 80 species of cetaceans composed of porpoises, dolphins and whales. This volume represents the latest of published and previously unpubl
Book Synopsis Assessment of Population Structure in the Eastern North Pacific Gray Whale (Eschrichtius Robustus) by : Anna Maria D'Intino
Download or read book Assessment of Population Structure in the Eastern North Pacific Gray Whale (Eschrichtius Robustus) written by Anna Maria D'Intino and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Gray Whale: Eschrichtius Robustus by : Mary Lou Jones
Download or read book The Gray Whale: Eschrichtius Robustus written by Mary Lou Jones and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 625 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Gray Whale: Eschrichtius robustus provides an introduction to the understanding of Eschrichtius robustus or the gray whale. This book explores the life processes, reproduction, and growth of large cetacean populations. Organized into four parts encompassing 25 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the gray whale evolution, fossils, and subfossil remains, range, and systematics in historical times. This text then presents the historical of gray whale exploitation and the economic importance of these whales to humans. Other chapters consider the gray whale migration, abundance, and seasonal distribution in the wake of the California population's recovery from depletion. This book discusses as well the methods used in shore-based censuses during migration and in aerial surveys of gray whales taken on their winter grounds. The final chapter deals with some innovative approaches to the study of free-ranging cetaceans. This book is a valuable resource for anthropologists, paleontologists, biologists, and naturalists.
Book Synopsis Population Assessment of Western North Pacific Gray Whales (Eschrichtius Robustus) by : Amanda L. Bradford
Download or read book Population Assessment of Western North Pacific Gray Whales (Eschrichtius Robustus) written by Amanda L. Bradford and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Draft Amendment 14, Pacific Coast Salmon Plan by :
Download or read book Draft Amendment 14, Pacific Coast Salmon Plan written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Characterizing Site Fidelity and Habitat Use of the Eastern North Pacific Gray Whale (Eschrichtius Robustus) in Clayoquot Sound, British Columbia by : Jacqueline Ann Clare
Download or read book Characterizing Site Fidelity and Habitat Use of the Eastern North Pacific Gray Whale (Eschrichtius Robustus) in Clayoquot Sound, British Columbia written by Jacqueline Ann Clare and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A small number of eastern north Pacific gray whales (Eschrichtius robustus), known as the Pacific Coastal Feeding Group (PCFG) forage during the summer months in the coastal waters between California and Alaska. Although several studies have analyzed the population structure of the PCFG, maternal learning and predator/prey dynamics have not been studied in detail. In this study I characterize fine scale habitat use and site fidelity of eastern north Pacific gray whales in one foraging site within the PCFG's foraging range. I approach this study by examining site fidelity to Clayoquot Sound in increasing detail at different time scales. Using the variability recorded in 17 field seasons of whale census surveys (1997-2013) as a proxy for fluctuations in prey, I suggest that the combination of physical properties of the study area and the life history characteristics of the primary prey species type enable Clayoquot Sound to persist as a foraging site through time.
Book Synopsis Demography, Migrations, and Behavior of Gray Whales by : Steven Lindsay Swartz
Download or read book Demography, Migrations, and Behavior of Gray Whales written by Steven Lindsay Swartz and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Saving the Gray Whale by : Serge Dedina
Download or read book Saving the Gray Whale written by Serge Dedina and published by University of Arizona Press. This book was released on 2000-01-01 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Once hunted by whalers and now the darling of ecotourists, the gray whale has become part of the culture, history, politics, and geography of Mexico's most isolated region. After the harvesting of gray whales was banned by international law in 1946, their populations rebounded; but while they are no longer hunted for their oil, these creatures are now chased up and down the lagoons of southern Baja California by whalewatchers. This book uses the biology and politics associated with gray whales in Mexican waters to present an unusual case study in conservation and politics. It provides an inside look at how gray whale conservation decisions are made in Mexico City and examines how those policies and programs are carried out in the calving grounds of San Ignacio Lagoon and Magdalena Bay, where catering to ecotourists is now an integral part of the local economy. More than a study of conservation politics, Dedina's book puts a human face on wildlife conservation. The author lived for two years with residents of Baja communities to understand their attitudes about wildlife conservation and Mexican politics, and he accompanied many in daily activities to show the extent to which the local economy depends on whalewatching. "It is ironic," observes Dedina, "that residents of some of the most isolated fishing villages in North America are helping to redefine our relationship with wild animals. Americans and Europeans brought the gray whale population to the brink of extinction. The inhabitants of San Ignacio Lagoon and Magdalena Bay are helping us to celebrate the whales' survival." By showing us how these animals have helped shape the lifeways of the people with whom they share the lagoons, Saving the Gray Whale demonstrates that gray whales represent both a destructive past and a future with hope.
Download or read book Canadian Journal of Zoology written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Status Review of the Eastern North Pacific Stock of Gray Whales by :
Download or read book Status Review of the Eastern North Pacific Stock of Gray Whales written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Genetic Population Structure of Gray Whales (Eschrichtius Robustus) that Summer in Clayoquot Sound, British Columbia by : Tammy Elaine Steeves
Download or read book Genetic Population Structure of Gray Whales (Eschrichtius Robustus) that Summer in Clayoquot Sound, British Columbia written by Tammy Elaine Steeves and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Census of the California Gray Whale by : Raymond Maurice Gilmore
Download or read book A Census of the California Gray Whale written by Raymond Maurice Gilmore and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :Steeves, Tammy Elaine Publisher :Ann Arbor, Mich. : University Microfilms International ISBN 13 : Total Pages :96 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (498 download)
Book Synopsis Genetic Population Structure of Gray Whales (eschrichtius Robustus) that Summer in Clayoquot Sound, British Columbia [microform] by : Steeves, Tammy Elaine
Download or read book Genetic Population Structure of Gray Whales (eschrichtius Robustus) that Summer in Clayoquot Sound, British Columbia [microform] written by Steeves, Tammy Elaine and published by Ann Arbor, Mich. : University Microfilms International. This book was released on 1998 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Latitudinal Distribution, Calf Growth and Metabolsim, and Reproductive Energetics of Gray Whales, Eschrichtius Robustus by : James L. Sumich
Download or read book Latitudinal Distribution, Calf Growth and Metabolsim, and Reproductive Energetics of Gray Whales, Eschrichtius Robustus written by James L. Sumich and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gray whales accomplish an annual migration which spans as much as 50° of latitude in the northeast Pacific Ocean. This migration links their summer high latitude feeding grounds with winter calving and breeding areas. The purpose of this study was to determine how adult females apportion their stored lipid reserves while away from their principal feeding areas to accommodate their own maintenance and locomotory needs while developing a fetus and transferring energy through lactation to support growth and maintenance of their calves. Major components of this study included examinations of migratory swimming speeds and costs of transport, of calf growth and mortality rates, of metabolic and heat loss rates, of summer distribution patterns, and of the magnitudes and utilization rates of maternal lipid reserves. The results of this study support the conclusions of other investigations that calf heat losses are similar to minimum observed metabolic rates, and that maintenance and lactation costs can be accommodated without winter feeding by all but the small adult females. It is suggested that present oceanographic conditions in the North Pacific Ocean support a larger gray whale population and allow very different gray whale feeding and migrating patterns than existed during the last glacial maximum.
Book Synopsis Migrating Eastern North Pacific Gray Whale Behavior Compared Over Multiple Timescales by : Regina Anne Guazzo
Download or read book Migrating Eastern North Pacific Gray Whale Behavior Compared Over Multiple Timescales written by Regina Anne Guazzo and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mysticetes (baleen whales) often make long, annual migrations from high latitude summer feeding areas to low latitude wintering areas. Eastern North Pacific gray whales (Eschrichtius robustus) migrate within a few kilometers from shore for most of their route from summer feeding areas in the Bering, Chukchi, and Beaufort Seas to wintering areas in the lagoons along the south-western coast of the Baja California Peninsula in Mexico. This dissertation combines passive acoustic recordings, infrared camera video, and visual sightings to investigate gray whale behavior and how it changes across different timescales. I use a four-element hydrophone array in central California to present the first published full-season acoustic monitoring and tracking of migrating gray whales. I describe the characteristics of calls produced by migrating gray whales and analyze how these characteristics change due to propagation. I show that gray whale behavior changes on diel and seasonal timescales. Notably, gray whales increase their vocalizations at night but their mean swimming behavior does not change, contrary to previous assumptions used in population size estimates. Over seasonal timescales, vocalizing gray whale swimming behavior aligns with previous observations. I explore how passive acoustic and infrared camera monitoring can help quantify whales by calculating cue rates or call and blow rates for migrating gray whales. Acoustic calling rates indicate that the gray whale population size is greater than estimated using visual sightings alone and that calling rate increases over the southbound migration. Infrared camera blow rates are less affected by whale behavior and are useful for daytime and nighttime monitoring, but are limited by visibility and distance. To understand gray whale behavior over seven migration seasons, I use visual daily counts at two sites and single-hydrophone call detections which indicate that migratory behavior seems to be driven more by intrinsic than the tested environmental factors. I find that the proportion of the population using a coastal route through the Southern California Bight, especially past Los Angeles, increased over these years. Understanding the behavior of migrating gray whales will help improve abundance estimates and determine how these whales may be impacted by nearshore anthropogenic activities and climate change.
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