Genetic Philosophy

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Above the Gene, Beyond Biology

Author : Jan Baedke
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Press
ISBN 13 : 0822983400
Total Pages : 259 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (229 download)

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Book Synopsis Above the Gene, Beyond Biology by : Jan Baedke

Download or read book Above the Gene, Beyond Biology written by Jan Baedke and published by University of Pittsburgh Press. This book was released on 2018-05-23 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Epigenetics is currently one of the fastest-growing fields in the sciences. Epigenetic information not only controls DNA expression but links genetic factors with the environmental experiences that influence the traits and characteristics of an individual. What we eat, where we work, and how we live affects not only the activity of our genes but that of our offspring as well. This discovery has imposed a revolutionary theoretical shift on modern biology, especially on evolutionary theory. It has helped to uncover the developmental processes leading to cancer, obesity, schizophrenia, alcoholism, and aging, and to facilitate associated medial applications such as stem cell therapy and cloning. Above the Gene, Beyond Biology explores how biologists in this booming field investigate and explain living systems. Jan Baedke offers the first comprehensive philosophical discussion of epigenetic concepts, explanations, and methodologies so that we can better understand this “epigenetic turn” in the life sciences from a philosophical perspective.

The Selfish Gene

Author : Richard Dawkins
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 9780192860927
Total Pages : 372 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (69 download)

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Book Synopsis The Selfish Gene by : Richard Dawkins

Download or read book The Selfish Gene written by Richard Dawkins and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1989 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Science need not be dull and bogged down by jargon, as Richard Dawkins proves in this entertaining look at evolution. The themes he takes up are the concepts of altruistic and selfish behaviour; the genetical definition of selfish interest; the evolution of aggressive behaviour; kinshiptheory; sex ratio theory; reciprocal altruism; deceit; and the natural selection of sex differences. 'Should be read, can be read by almost anyone. It describes with great skill a new face of the theory of evolution.' W.D. Hamilton, Science

The Ethics of Genetic Engineering

Author : Roberta M. Berry
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135195846
Total Pages : 245 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (351 download)

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Book Synopsis The Ethics of Genetic Engineering by : Roberta M. Berry

Download or read book The Ethics of Genetic Engineering written by Roberta M. Berry and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-05-13 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human genetic engineering may soon be possible. The gathering debate about this prospect already threatens to become mired in irresolvable disagreement. After surveying the scientific and technological developments that have brought us to this pass, The Ethics of Genetic Engineering focuses on the ethical and policy debate, noting the deep divide that separates proponents and opponents. The book locates the source of this divide in differing framing assumptions: reductionist pluralist on one side, holist communitarian on the other. The book argues that we must bridge this divide, drawing on the resources from both encampments, if we are to understand and cope with the distinctive problems posed by genetic engineering. These problems, termed "fractious problems," are novel, complex, ethically fraught, unavoidably of public concern, and unavoidably divisive. Berry examines three prominent ethical and political theories – utilitarianism, Kantianism, and virtue ethics – to consider their competency in bridging the divide and addressing these fractious problems. The book concludes that virtue ethics can best guide parental decision making and that a new policymaking approach sketched here, a "navigational approach," can best guide policymaking. These approaches enable us to gain a rich understanding of the problems posed and to craft resolutions adequate to their challenges.

The Case against Perfection

Author : Michael J Sandel
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674043065
Total Pages : 177 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis The Case against Perfection by : Michael J Sandel

Download or read book The Case against Perfection written by Michael J Sandel and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-06-30 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Breakthroughs in genetics present us with a promise and a predicament. The promise is that we will soon be able to treat and prevent a host of debilitating diseases. The predicament is that our newfound genetic knowledge may enable us to manipulate our nature—to enhance our genetic traits and those of our children. Although most people find at least some forms of genetic engineering disquieting, it is not easy to articulate why. What is wrong with re-engineering our nature? The Case against Perfection explores these and other moral quandaries connected with the quest to perfect ourselves and our children. Michael Sandel argues that the pursuit of perfection is flawed for reasons that go beyond safety and fairness. The drive to enhance human nature through genetic technologies is objectionable because it represents a bid for mastery and dominion that fails to appreciate the gifted character of human powers and achievements. Carrying us beyond familiar terms of political discourse, this book contends that the genetic revolution will change the way philosophers discuss ethics and will force spiritual questions back onto the political agenda. In order to grapple with the ethics of enhancement, we need to confront questions largely lost from view in the modern world. Since these questions verge on theology, modern philosophers and political theorists tend to shrink from them. But our new powers of biotechnology make these questions unavoidable. Addressing them is the task of this book, by one of America’s preeminent moral and political thinkers.

Genetic Analysis

Author : Raphael Falk
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521884187
Total Pages : 331 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (218 download)

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Book Synopsis Genetic Analysis by : Raphael Falk

Download or read book Genetic Analysis written by Raphael Falk and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-05-14 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a paradox lying at the heart of the study of heredity. To understand the ways in which features are passed on down from one generation to the next, we have to dig deeper and deeper into the ultimate nature of things - from organisms, to genes, to molecules. And yet as we do this, increasingly we find we are out of focus with our subjects. What has any of this to do with the living, breathing organisms with which we started? Organisms are living. Molecules are not. How do we relate one to the other? In Genetic Analysis, one of the most important empirical scientists in the field in the twentieth century attempts, through a study of history and drawing on his own vast experience as a practitioner, to face this paradox head-on. His book offers a deep and innovative understanding of our ways of thinking about heredity.

Genetic Ethics

Author : Colin Farrelly
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0745695078
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (456 download)

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Book Synopsis Genetic Ethics by : Colin Farrelly

Download or read book Genetic Ethics written by Colin Farrelly and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-10-22 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Colin Farrelly contemplates the various ethical and social quandaries raised by the genetic revolution. Recent biomedical advances such as genetic screening, gene therapy and genome editing might be used to promote equality of opportunity, reproductive freedom, healthy aging, and the prevention and treatment of disease. But these technologies also raise a host of ethical questions: Is the idea of “genetically engineering” humans a morally objectionable form of eugenics? Should parents undergoing IVF be permitted to screen embryos for the sex of their offspring? Would it be ethical to alter the rate at which humans age, greatly increasing longevity at a time when the human population is already at potentially unsustainable levels? Farrelly applies an original virtue ethics framework to assess these and other challenges posed by the genetic revolution. Chapters discuss virtue ethics in relation to eugenics, infectious and chronic disease, evolutionary biology, epigenetics, happiness, reproductive freedom and longevity. This fresh approach creates a roadmap for thinking ethically about technological progress that will be of practical use to ethicists and scientists for years to come. Accessible in tone and compellingly argued, this book is an ideal introduction for students of bioethics, applied ethics, biomedical sciences, and related courses in philosophy and life sciences.

Genetic Crossroads

Author : Elise K. Burton
Publisher : Stanford University Press
ISBN 13 : 1503614573
Total Pages : 464 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (36 download)

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Book Synopsis Genetic Crossroads by : Elise K. Burton

Download or read book Genetic Crossroads written by Elise K. Burton and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2021-01-26 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Middle East plays a major role in the history of genetic science. Early in the twentieth century, technological breakthroughs in human genetics coincided with the birth of modern Middle Eastern nation-states, who proclaimed that the region's ancient history—as a cradle of civilizations and crossroads of humankind—was preserved in the bones and blood of their citizens. Using letters and publications from the 1920s to the present, Elise K. Burton follows the field expeditions and hospital surveys that scrutinized the bodies of tribal nomads and religious minorities. These studies, geneticists claim, not only detect the living descendants of biblical civilizations but also reveal the deeper past of human evolution. Genetic Crossroads is an unprecedented history of human genetics in the Middle East, from its roots in colonial anthropology and medicine to recent genome sequencing projects. It illuminates how scientists from Turkey to Yemen, Egypt to Iran, transformed genetic data into territorial claims and national origin myths. Burton shows why such nationalist appropriations of genetics are not local or temporary aberrations, but rather the enduring foundations of international scientific interest in Middle Eastern populations to this day.

Evolution in Four Dimensions, revised edition

Author : Eva Jablonka
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262525844
Total Pages : 577 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis Evolution in Four Dimensions, revised edition by : Eva Jablonka

Download or read book Evolution in Four Dimensions, revised edition written by Eva Jablonka and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2014-03-21 with total page 577 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A pioneering proposal for a pluralistic extension of evolutionary theory, now updated to reflect the most recent research. This new edition of the widely read Evolution in Four Dimensions has been revised to reflect the spate of new discoveries in biology since the book was first published in 2005, offering corrections, an updated bibliography, and a substantial new chapter. Eva Jablonka and Marion Lamb's pioneering argument proposes that there is more to heredity than genes. They describe four “dimensions” in heredity—four inheritance systems that play a role in evolution: genetic, epigenetic (or non-DNA cellular transmission of traits), behavioral, and symbolic (transmission through language and other forms of symbolic communication). These systems, they argue, can all provide variations on which natural selection can act. Jablonka and Lamb present a richer, more complex view of evolution than that offered by the gene-based Modern Synthesis, arguing that induced and acquired changes also play a role. Their lucid and accessible text is accompanied by artist-physician Anna Zeligowski's lively drawings, which humorously and effectively illustrate the authors' points. Each chapter ends with a dialogue in which the authors refine their arguments against the vigorous skepticism of the fictional “I.M.” (for Ipcha Mistabra—Aramaic for “the opposite conjecture”). The extensive new chapter, presented engagingly as a dialogue with I.M., updates the information on each of the four dimensions—with special attention to the epigenetic, where there has been an explosion of new research. Praise for the first edition “With courage and verve, and in a style accessible to general readers, Jablonka and Lamb lay out some of the exciting new pathways of Darwinian evolution that have been uncovered by contemporary research.” —Evelyn Fox Keller, MIT, author of Making Sense of Life: Explaining Biological Development with Models, Metaphors, and Machines “In their beautifully written and impressively argued new book, Jablonka and Lamb show that the evidence from more than fifty years of molecular, behavioral and linguistic studies forces us to reevaluate our inherited understanding of evolution.” —Oren Harman, The New Republic “It is not only an enjoyable read, replete with ideas and facts of interest but it does the most valuable thing a book can do—it makes you think and reexamine your premises and long-held conclusions.” —Adam Wilkins, BioEssays

Nature Via Nurture

Author : Matt Ridley
Publisher : Harper Collins
ISBN 13 : 0060006781
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (6 download)

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Book Synopsis Nature Via Nurture by : Matt Ridley

Download or read book Nature Via Nurture written by Matt Ridley and published by Harper Collins. This book was released on 2003-04-29 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following his highly praised and bestselling book Genome: The Autobiography of a Species in 23 Chapters, Matt Ridley has written a brilliant and profound book about the roots of human behavior. Nature via Nurture explores the complex and endlessly intriguing question of what makes us who we are. In February 2001 it was announced that the human genome contains not 100,000 genes, as originally postulated, but only 30,000. This startling revision led some scientists to conclude that there are simply not enough human genes to account for all the different ways people behave: we must be made by nurture, not nature. Yet again biology was to be stretched on the Procrustean bed of the nature-nurture debate. Matt Ridley argues that the emerging truth is far more interesting than this myth. Nurture depends on genes, too, and genes need nurture. Genes not only predetermine the broad structure of the brain, they also absorb formative experiences, react to social cues, and even run memory. They are consequences as well as causes of the will. Published fifty years after the discovery of the double helix of DNA, Nature via Nurture chronicles a revolution in our understanding of genes. Ridley recounts the hundred years' war between the partisans of nature and nurture to explain how this paradoxical creature, the human being, can be simultaneously free-willed and motivated by instinct and culture. Nature via Nurture is an enthralling,up-to-the-minute account of how genes build brains to absorb experience.

The Century of the Gene

Author : Evelyn Fox KELLER
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674039432
Total Pages : 194 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis The Century of the Gene by : Evelyn Fox KELLER

Download or read book The Century of the Gene written by Evelyn Fox KELLER and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-06-30 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a book that promises to change the way we think and talk about genes and genetic determinism, Evelyn Fox Keller, one of our most gifted historians and philosophers of science, provides a powerful, profound analysis of the achievements of genetics and molecular biology in the twentieth century, the century of the gene. Not just a chronicle of biology’s progress from gene to genome in one hundred years, The Century of the Gene also calls our attention to the surprising ways these advances challenge the familiar picture of the gene most of us still entertain. Keller shows us that the very successes that have stirred our imagination have also radically undermined the primacy of the gene—word and object—as the core explanatory concept of heredity and development. She argues that we need a new vocabulary that includes concepts such as robustness, fidelity, and evolvability. But more than a new vocabulary, a new awareness is absolutely crucial: that understanding the components of a system (be they individual genes, proteins, or even molecules) may tell us little about the interactions among these components. With the Human Genome Project nearing its first and most publicized goal, biologists are coming to realize that they have reached not the end of biology but the beginning of a new era. Indeed, Keller predicts that in the new century we will witness another Cambrian era, this time in new forms of biological thought rather than in new forms of biological life.

Advanced Genetic Counseling

Author : Barbara B. Biesecker
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 0190626429
Total Pages : 241 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis Advanced Genetic Counseling by : Barbara B. Biesecker

Download or read book Advanced Genetic Counseling written by Barbara B. Biesecker and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to genetic counseling -- History of genetic counseling -- Practice definition and goals -- Characteristics of clients and genetic counseling -- Characteristics of counselors and genetic counseling -- Applying ethical theories to genetic counseling practice -- Conflict of interest and the code of ethics -- Relational genetic counseling -- Theories for genetic counseling practice -- Research in genetic counseling -- Genetic counseling in the genomic era.

Assessing Genetic Risks

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309047986
Total Pages : 353 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Assessing Genetic Risks by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Assessing Genetic Risks written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1994-01-01 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Raising hopes for disease treatment and prevention, but also the specter of discrimination and "designer genes," genetic testing is potentially one of the most socially explosive developments of our time. This book presents a current assessment of this rapidly evolving field, offering principles for actions and research and recommendations on key issues in genetic testing and screening. Advantages of early genetic knowledge are balanced with issues associated with such knowledge: availability of treatment, privacy and discrimination, personal decision-making, public health objectives, cost, and more. Among the important issues covered: Quality control in genetic testing. Appropriate roles for public agencies, private health practitioners, and laboratories. Value-neutral education and counseling for persons considering testing. Use of test results in insurance, employment, and other settings.

Brain Arousal and Information Theory

Author : Donald W PFAFF
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674042107
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis Brain Arousal and Information Theory by : Donald W PFAFF

Download or read book Brain Arousal and Information Theory written by Donald W PFAFF and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-06-30 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arousal is fundamental to all cognition. It is intuitively obvious, absolutely necessary, but what exactly is it? In Brain Arousal and Information Theory, Donald Pfaff presents a daring perspective on this long-standing puzzle. Pfaff argues that, beneath our mental functions and emotional dispositions, a primitive neuronal system governs arousal. Employing the simple but powerful framework of information theory, Pfaff revolutionizes our understanding of arousal systems in the brain. Starting with a review of the neuroanatomical, neurophysiological, and neurochemical components of arousal, Pfaff asks us to look at the gene networks and neural pathways underlying the brain's arousal systems much as a design engineer would contemplate information systems. This allows Pfaff to postulate that there is a bilaterally symmetric, bipolar system universal among mammals that readies the animal or the human being to respond to stimuli, initiate voluntary locomotion, and react to emotional challenges. Applying his hypothesis to heightened states of arousal--sex and fear--Pfaff shows us how his theory opens new scientific approaches to understanding the structure of brain arousal. A major synthesis of disparate data by a preeminent neuroscientist, Brain Arousal and Information Theory challenges current thinking about cognition and behavior. Whether you subscribe to Pfaff's theory or not, this book will stimulate debate about the nature of arousal itself.

Food, Genetic Engineering and Philosophy of Technology

Author : N. Dane Scott
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 331996027X
Total Pages : 173 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Food, Genetic Engineering and Philosophy of Technology by : N. Dane Scott

Download or read book Food, Genetic Engineering and Philosophy of Technology written by N. Dane Scott and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-10-22 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes specific, well-know controversies in the genetic modification debate and connects them to deeper philosophical issues in philosophy of technology. It contributes to the current, far-reaching deliberations about the future of food, agriculture and society. Controversies over so-called Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) regularly appear in the press. The biotechnology debate has settled into a long-term philosophical dispute. The discussion goes much deeper than the initial empirical questions about whether or not GM food and crops are safe for human consumption or pose environmental harms that dominated news reports. In fact, the implications of this debate extend beyond the sphere of food and agriculture to encompass the general role of science and technology in society. The GM controversy provides an occasion to explore important issues in philosophy of technology. Researchers, teachers and students interested in agricultural biotechnology, philosophy of technology and the future of food and agriculture will find this exploration timely and thought provoking.

Genetics and Philosophy

Author : Paul Griffiths
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107002125
Total Pages : 279 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Genetics and Philosophy by : Paul Griffiths

Download or read book Genetics and Philosophy written by Paul Griffiths and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-04-18 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book integrates the work of philosophers of science seeking to make sense of genetics with an accessible introduction to the science.

Japanese Philosophy

Author : H. Gene Blocker
Publisher : State University of New York Press
ISBN 13 : 0791490386
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (914 download)

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Book Synopsis Japanese Philosophy by : H. Gene Blocker

Download or read book Japanese Philosophy written by H. Gene Blocker and published by State University of New York Press. This book was released on 2010-03-30 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Japanese Philosophy is the first book to assert the existence of a Japanese philosophy prior to Nishida Kitaro in the early twentieth century. Because of Western military and economic dominance since the seventeenth century, the cross-cultural comparison of non-Western philosophy has generally gone in one direction—comparing Chinese, Indian, and other thought systems with Western philosophy. For various reasons, Japanese scholars did not follow the Chinese lead after 1920 in acknowledging that some of their own literary tradition should be classified as "philosophy." In spite of this, the authors argue that it is useful to compare cultures, and that one way of comparing cultures is to compare their philosophies—and therefore that it is worth treating certain parts of Japanese literature as philosophy, especially those parts that are similar to what has long been classified and treated as philosophy in India and China. By doing so, and by providing an overview of Japanese philosophy from the seventh century to the present, the authors contribute to a greater cross-cultural understanding between East and West.

Creating Future People

Author : Jonathan Anomaly
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 100076978X
Total Pages : 142 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Creating Future People by : Jonathan Anomaly

Download or read book Creating Future People written by Jonathan Anomaly and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-01-28 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Creating Future People offers readers a fast-paced primer on how new genetic technologies will enable parents to influence the traits of their children, including their intelligence, moral capacities, physical appearance, and immune system. It deftly explains the science of gene editing and embryo selection, and raises the central moral questions with colorful language and a brisk style. Jonathan Anomaly takes seriously the diversity of preferences parents have, and the limits of public policy in regulating what could soon be a global market for reproductive technology. He argues that once embryo selection for complex traits happens it will change the moral landscape by altering the incentives parents face. All of us will take an interest in the traits everyone else selects, and this will present coordination problems that previous writers on genetic enhancement have failed to consider. Anomaly navigates difficult ethical issues with vivid language and scientifically informed speculation about how genetic engineering will transform humanity. Key features: Offers clear explanations of scientific concepts Explores important moral questions without academic jargon Brings discoveries from different fields together to give us a sense of where humanity is headed