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Author : Andreas Pantinos Mavrogenis
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 110 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (247 download)
Download or read book Genetic Analysis of Feed Efficiency in Beef Cattle written by Andreas Pantinos Mavrogenis and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Colin G. Scanes
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1351648136
Total Pages : 509 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (516 download)
Download or read book Biology of Domestic Animals written by Colin G. Scanes and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-09-01 with total page 509 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is increasing interest in the biology of domestic animals ranging from genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, nutritional physiology, and systems biology. This book touches on all of these, with a particular focus on topics such as domestic animals as comparative models to humans, molecular regulation of growth, metabolic efficiency, reproduction, and the impact of stress on growth and development. The book concludes with a discussion on the current and future directions for researchers.
Author : Rodney A. Hill
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470959525
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (79 download)
Download or read book Feed Efficiency in the Beef Industry written by Rodney A. Hill and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-09-11 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Feed Efficiency in the Beef Industry provides a thorough and concise overview of feed efficiency in beef cattle. It frames the great importance of feed efficiency to the industry and details the latest findings of the many scientific disciplines that intersect and aim to improve efficient and sustainable production of nutritious beef. The vast majority of production costs are directly tied to feed. With increased demand for grains to feed a rapidly increasing world population and to supply a new demand for alternative fuels, feed costs continue to increase. In recent years, the negative environmental impacts of inefficient feeding have also been realized; as such feed efficiency is an important factor in both economic viability and environmental sustainability of cattle production. Feed Efficiency in the Beef Industry covers a broad range of topics ranging from economic evaluation of feed efficiency to the physiological and genetic bases of efficient conversion of feed to high quality beef. Chapters also look at how a fuller understanding of feed efficiency is leading to new selective breeding efforts to develop more efficient cattle. With wide-ranging coverage from leading international researchers, Feed Efficiency will be a valuable resource for producers who wish to understand the complexities, challenges, and opportunities to reduce their cost of production, for students studying the topic and for researchers and professionals working in the beef industry.
Author : Thang Quoc Tran
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 162 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (479 download)
Download or read book Genetic Analyses of Weight Gain, Feed Intake, and Feed Efficiency in Beef Cattle written by Thang Quoc Tran and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Stephanie Lam
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (132 download)
Download or read book Improving Cattle Feed Efficiency Through '-OMIC's Technologies and Functional Genomics written by Stephanie Lam and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Improved genetic selection for feed efficiency in beef and dairy cattle may improve the Canadian cattle production industry profitability and environmental sustainability. However, the application of RNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis in livestock research is novel and the underlying biology and genetic architecture of feed efficiency in cattle is not well studied. The aim of this thesis was to characterize the functional genetic architecture underlying feed efficiency using transcriptomic and metagenomic tools, including RNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq), and Amplicon-Sequencing (Amplicon-Seq) technologies, to identify functional genetic markers (SNPs and INDELs), novel transcripts, metabolic processes, and potential host-microbiome genetic interactions that are playing a role in the regulation of feed efficiency in cattle. First, an optimized RNA-Seq pipeline for genetic variant detection was developed, and applied to a Nellore beef cattle population to determine functional genetic variants (SNPs and INDELs) associated with feed efficiency. The optimized RNA-Seq pipeline was then applied to a Holstein and Jersey population to identify functional variants and associated functional information (candidate genes, biological pathways, overlapping QTLs) related with feed efficiency. Then de novo assembly was performed to identify novel mRNA isoforms associated with feed efficiency, using rumen epithelium tissue transcriptome data from two pure (Angus and Charolais) and one composite (Kinsella) beef breed. Using the transcriptomic data from the latter study, and Amplicon-sequencing (Amplicon-Seq) data of rumen contents from the same animals, correlations were determined between the host transcriptome and rumen microbiome (archaea and bacteria profiles) which were different between extreme RFI groups. These studies lead to accurate detection of functional genetic variants and associated functional information which may influence the regulation of feed efficiency. Additionally, potential host-microbiome genetic interactions that may be influencing the regulation of feed efficiency were identified. In conclusion, this thesis provides valuable information on the underlying genetic architecture of feed efficiency in both beef and dairy cattle, which may serve to help select genetic markers to improve the selection for superior feed efficient beef and dairy cattle, leading to improved of the efficiency and profitability of the beef and dairy industry, and may serve as important information for future genomic research on feed efficiency.
Author : John F. Patience
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9086867561
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (868 download)
Download or read book Feed efficiency in swine written by John F. Patience and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-10-15 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Feed efficiency in swine' has been prepared as a comprehensive treatise on the current state of our understanding of this topic which is so important to the pork industry. Each chapter is written by international authorities who understand both the science and application of their topic area. The book provides detailed insight into the many factors affecting feed efficiency, ranging from diet processing to herd health, from nutrition to physiology and from day-to-day barn management to the adoption of advanced technologies. The authors explain such practical aspects as the challenge of interpreting feed efficiency information obtained on farm or the role of liquid feeding. The authors also delve into more scientific topics such as amino acid or energy metabolism or animal physiology. This book is written for people who have a technical interest in pork production, including nutritionists, geneticists, farm management specialists, veterinarians, other academics and, of course, pork producers.
Author : Kelli June Retallick
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Genetic Variance and Covariance Compenents for Feed Intake, Average Daily Gain, and Postweaning Gain and Indices to Improve Feed Efficiency in Growing Beef Cattle written by Kelli June Retallick and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Feed is the single most expensive cost related to beef cattle production. Currently a 70 d performance test is recommended for accurate calculation of efficiency. Previous research has suggested intake tests can be limited to 35 d. Objectives of this study were to estimate genetic parameters for growth and intake traits, compare two alternative indices for feed efficiency, and quantify the genetic response to selection for feed efficiency combining an intake test with two types of gain data. On-test average daily feed intake (ADFI), on-test average daily gain (ADG), and postweaning gain (PWG) records on 5,606 growing steers and heifers were obtained from the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center in Clay Center, NE. On-test ADFI and ADG data were collected from a minimum of 62 to 148 d testing days. Independent quadratic regressions were fitted for body weight on time, and on-test ADG was predicted from the resulting equations. PWG was calculated by subtracting adjusted 205-d weights from 365-d weights and dividing by 160. Genetic correlations were estimated using multiple trait animal mixed models with ADG, ADFI, and PWG for both sexes as dependent variables. The genetic correlations between ADG and PWG for both steers (0.81) and heifers (0.65) were strong. This indicates PWG is a strong proxy for ADG on-test and long test periods may not be necessary. Indices combining EBVs for ADFI and ADG and for ADFI and PWG were evaluated. For each index, the weighting of gain was arbitrarily set to 1.0 and the weighting for ADFI was the negative of the average of the intra-contemporary group ratio of mean gain divided by mean ADFI. Values were combined with EBV to compute two index values per animal. Pearson correlations for steers (0.96) and heifers (0.45) indicated a strong relationship for steers between the indices. Because more animals can be measured for intake, using PWG increases genetic progress of selection for feed efficiency by 15-17% per year. These findings support using PWG data in combination with ADFI to determine efficient animals, lessen costs, and increase annual feed efficiency genetic change.
Author : Robert Jarrige
Publisher : John Libbey Eurotext
ISBN 13 : 9780861962471
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (624 download)
Download or read book Ruminant Nutrition written by Robert Jarrige and published by John Libbey Eurotext. This book was released on 1989 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Deals with feed evaluation systems, the nutrient requirements of ruminant livestock and the feeding value of a wide range of feedstuffs. This book lists about 800 typical forages, 65 crop residues and 120 concentrate and by-product feeds. It is suitable for teachers, specialist scientists and industrialists.
Author : Jason R. Bowey
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781321062939
Total Pages : 73 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (629 download)
Download or read book Evaluation of Modeled Feed Efficiency in Beef Cattle written by Jason R. Bowey and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objectives of this study were to evaluate animal performance and actual feed efficiency and how they relate to model predictions through feed allocation models. In addition, ultrasound measures, scrotal circumference, and molecular value predictions (MVP) were compiled to correlate for associations with efficiency. Six hundred forty-eight growing bulls comprised of Angus, Hereford, and percentage Simmental were placed on intake trials. Data was collected for intake, weight change, and animal performance at either 14-28 d intervals. Feed intake was also predicted with 2 biological simulation models: a) Cornell Value Discovery System and b) NRC update 2000 level 2. Observed residual feed intake (oRFI) was estimated using observed feed intake in a linear statistical model. Observed feed conversion ratio (oFCR) was estimated as observed feed intake divided by average daily gain. Observed partial efficiency of growth (oPEG) was calculated as ADG divided by the difference between dry matter intake and intake for maintenance from published standards. Observed relative growth rate (oRGR) and observed kleiber ratio (oKR) was also determined as the difference between the log of final BW and initial BW over the number of days on test and as the ratio of ADG to metabolic body weight, respectively. Each model also held a prediction for the various feed efficiency measures using feed allocation estimates and projected weight gains in their determinations. Data on feed efficiency measures on all 648 bulls, ultrasound measures and scrotal circumferences on 346 bulls, and hair samples on sixty-six half-blood Simmental bulls for a DNA analysis for MVP were collected and compiled. All data was correlated to determine relationships between feed efficiency measures, both observed and model predicted, as well as ultrasound, scrotal measures, and MVP data as they link to efficiency. Observed feed conversion ratio showed a high correlation both the CVDS FCR (cFCR, 0.769; P0.10) and the NRC FCR (nFCR, 0.847; P
Author : Esther Laura Sherman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (743 download)
Download or read book The Search for Genetic Markers and Genes Affecting Feed Efficiency in Beef Cattle written by Esther Laura Sherman and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309037956
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Designing Foods written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1988-02-01 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This lively book examines recent trends in animal product consumption and diet; reviews industry efforts, policies, and programs aimed at improving the nutritional attributes of animal products; and offers suggestions for further research. In addition, the volume reviews dietary and health recommendations from major health organizations and notes specific target levels for nutrients.
Author : Robert Rolfe Van der Westhuizen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 126 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (696 download)
Download or read book A Genetic Analysis of Biological and Economic Efficiency of Post-weaning Feedlot Performance in Beef Cattle written by Robert Rolfe Van der Westhuizen and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Adrienne M. Hilbrands
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 98 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (53 download)
Download or read book Genetic Parameters for Feed Efficiency and Related Traits in Beef Cattle written by Adrienne M. Hilbrands and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Mohammed K. Abo-Ismail
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)
Download or read book Identification of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Associated with Economic Traits in Beef Cattle written by Mohammed K. Abo-Ismail and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Subcommittee on Beef Cattle Nutrition
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309069343
Total Pages : 249 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle written by Subcommittee on Beef Cattle Nutrition and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-05-16 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As members of the public becomes more concious of the food they consume and its content, higher standards are expected in the preparation of such food. The updated seventh edition of Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle explores the impact of cattle's biological, production, and environmental diversities, as well as variations on nutrient utilization and requirements. More enhanced than previous editions, this edition expands on the descriptions of cattle and their nutritional requirements taking management and environmental conditions into consideration. The book clearly communicates the current state of beef cattle nutrient requirements and animal variation by visually presenting related data via computer-generated models. Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle expounds on the effects of beef cattle body condition on the state of compensatory growth, takes an in-depth look at the variations in cattle type, and documents the important effects of the environment and stress on food intake. This volume also uses new data on the development of a fetus during pregnancy to prescribe nutrient requirements of gestating cattle more precisely. By focusing on factors such as product quality and environmental awareness, Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle presents standards and advisements for acceptable nutrients in a complete and conventional manner that promotes a more practical understanding and application.
Author : Yongfang Lu
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781369440102
Total Pages : 193 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (41 download)
Download or read book Quantitative Genetic and Genomic Modeling of Feed Efficiency in Dairy Cattle written by Yongfang Lu and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Samantha M. Rasmussen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (124 download)
Download or read book Predicting Feed Efficiency in Beef Cattle written by Samantha M. Rasmussen and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) methodology is being used as a means to determine genetic merit in beef cattle by interrogating animal genomes and associating the findings with performance traits. The ability to predict future trait performance is highly attractive to beef cattle producers as they can make important management and financial decisions earlier and with more certainty. To fully realize the potential of SNP testing technology the methodology must be vetted to assure producer confidence. The purpose of this project is to assess three sources of information for beef cattle trait assessment. These information sources are: SNP testing, Expected Progeny Differences (EPDs) and direct animal measures. To conduct this study, young beef bulls (n = 181) consigned to the SIU Beef Evaluation Station were utilized in an 84-day period to obtain direct measures. The SIU Beef Evaluation Station uses the Calan-Broadbent confinement feeding system which allows researchers to monitor individual animal feed intake and weight gain. Feed efficiency traits are important to the cattle industry since feed is generally among the largest input cost to producers. The evaluation of bulls also assesses reproductive and carcass traits which are also important to the producer's financial success. Individual animal performance information was sent to the bull's respective breed association for determination of EPD's. Blood samples were submitted to a commercial company for SNP testing (Igentiy Gold and Igenity Beef Profile, Neogen, Lincoln, NE). Data was analyzed using pairwise comparisons by source of information. Pearson correlations were used to determine the direction and the strength for sources of information to vary together. Data was determined to be correlated when the correlation coefficient was 0.3 ≤ r ≤ −0.3. No correlation was observed between RFISIU :RFINEO (r = 0.042), RFINEO:F/GSIU (r = −0.09), RFISIU:ADGNEO (r = 0.091), RFISIU:ADGSIU (r = −0.039), RFINEO:ADGNEO (r = 0.236), BWNEO:BWSIU (r = 0.115), FRAMESIU:BWSIU (r = 0.111), FRAMESIU:BWEPD (r = 0.159), FRAMESIU:ADGSIU (r = 0.148), FRAMESIU:ADGNEO (r = -0.005), BWSIU:BWEPD (r = 0.256), and BWNEO:BWEPD (r = 0.226). Correlations were observed between RFISIU:F/GSIU (r = 0.455), ADGSIU :ADGNEO (r = 0.353), and FRAMESIU:BWNEO (r = 0.326). This study determined that beef bulls should continue to be performance tested due to discrepancies between sources of information for key animal performance traits. Assessment of SNPs used in the commercial test should continue.
