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Generalized Comparative Statics And Risk Aversion
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Book Synopsis Generalized Expected Utility Theory by : John Quiggin
Download or read book Generalized Expected Utility Theory written by John Quiggin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic analysis of choice under uncertainty has been dominated by the expected utility (EU) model, yet the EU model has never been without critics. Psychologists accumulated evidence that individual choices under uncertainty were inconsistent with the predictions of the EU model. Applied work in areas such as finance was dominated by the simpler mean-variance analysis. In the 1980s this skepticism was dispelled as a number of generalizations of EU were proposed, most of which were capable of explaining evidence inconsistent with EU, while preserving transitivity and dominance. Generalized expected utility is now a flourishing subfield of economics, with dozens of competing models and considerable literature exploring their theoretical properties and comparing their empirical performance. But the EU model remains the principal tool for the analysis of choice under uncertainty. There is a view that generalized models are too difficult to handle or incapable of generating sharp results. This creates a need to show that the new models can be used in the kinds of economic analysis for which EU has been used, and that they can yield new and interesting results. This book meets this need by describing one of the most popular generalized models -- the rank-dependent expected utility model (RDEU), also known as anticipated utility, EU with rank-dependent preferences, the dual theory of choice under uncertainty, and simply as rank-dependent utility. As the many names indicate, the model has been approached in many ways by many scientists and for this reason, consideration of a single model sheds light on many of the concerns that have motivated the development of generalized utility models. The popularity of the RDEU model rests on its simplicity and tractability. The standard tools of analysis developed for EU theory may be applied to the RDEU model, but since RDEU admits behavior inconsistent with EU, the field of potential applications is widened. As such, the RDEU model is not as much a competitor to EU as an extension based on less restrictive assumptions.
Book Synopsis Generalized Microeconomics by : Jiří Hlaváček
Download or read book Generalized Microeconomics written by Jiří Hlaváček and published by Karolinum Press. This book was released on 2014-02-01 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The generalization of microeconomics enables model descriptions of economic rationality, even in fields that standard microeconomics more or less avoids, like nonprofit sectors of market economies, altruism, or externalities. Here, the authors broaden the scope of microeconomics while treating standard profit maximization as a special case. They argue, ultimately, that the generalizing criterion is a Darwinian maximization of the probability of survival.
Book Synopsis Generalized Expected Utility Theory by : John Quiggin
Download or read book Generalized Expected Utility Theory written by John Quiggin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1993 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic analysis of choice under uncertainty has been dominated by the expected utility (EU) model, yet the EU model has never been without critics. Psychologists accumulated evidence that individual choices under uncertainty were inconsistent with the predictions of the EU model. Applied work in areas such as finance was dominated by the simpler mean-variance analysis. In the 1980s this skepticism was dispelled as a number of generalizations of EU were proposed, most of which were capable of explaining evidence inconsistent with EU, while preserving transitivity and dominance. Generalized expected utility is now a flourishing subfield of economics, with dozens of competing models and considerable literature exploring their theoretical properties and comparing their empirical performance. But the EU model remains the principal tool for the analysis of choice under uncertainty. There is a view that generalized models are too difficult to handle or incapable of generating sharp results. This creates a need to show that the new models can be used in the kinds of economic analysis for which EU has been used, and that they can yield new and interesting results. This book meets this need by describing one of the most popular generalized models -- the rank-dependent expected utility model (RDEU), also known as anticipated utility, EU with rank-dependent preferences, the dual theory of choice under uncertainty, and simply as rank-dependent utility. As the many names indicate, the model has been approached in many ways by many scientists and for this reason, consideration of a single model sheds light on many of the concerns that have motivated the development of generalized utility models. The popularity of the RDEU model rests on its simplicity and tractability. The standard tools of analysis developed for EU theory may be applied to the RDEU model, but since RDEU admits behavior inconsistent with EU, the field of potential applications is widened. As such, the RDEU model is not as much a competitor to EU as an extension based on less restrictive assumptions.
Book Synopsis Handbook of the Economics of Risk and Uncertainty by : Mark Machina
Download or read book Handbook of the Economics of Risk and Uncertainty written by Mark Machina and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-11-14 with total page 897 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The need to understand the theories and applications of economic and finance risk has been clear to everyone since the financial crisis, and this collection of original essays proffers broad, high-level explanations of risk and uncertainty. The economics of risk and uncertainty is unlike most branches of economics in spanning from the individual decision-maker to the market (and indeed, social decisions), and ranging from purely theoretical analysis through individual experimentation, empirical analysis, and applied and policy decisions. It also has close and sometimes conflicting relationships with theoretical and applied statistics, and psychology. The aim of this volume is to provide an overview of diverse aspects of this field, ranging from classical and foundational work through current developments. - Presents coherent summaries of risk and uncertainty that inform major areas in economics and finance - Divides coverage between theoretical, empirical, and experimental findings - Makes the economics of risk and uncertainty accessible to scholars in fields outside economics
Book Synopsis Possibility Theory and the Risk by : Irina Georgescu
Download or read book Possibility Theory and the Risk written by Irina Georgescu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-13 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book deals with some of the fundamental issues of risk assessment in grid computing environments. The book describes the development of a hybrid probabilistic and possibilistic model for assessing the success of a computing task in a grid environment
Book Synopsis New Economics of Risk and Uncertainty by : Moawia Alghalith
Download or read book New Economics of Risk and Uncertainty written by Moawia Alghalith and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2007 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents an alternative theoretical framework that can serve as the basis for a new age of economic analysis under risk and uncertainty. This work features an endogenous theory that overcomes the major shortcomings of both the expected utility and the rank-dependent models while it possesses the merits of both.
Book Synopsis Paul A. Samuelson by : John Cunningham Wood
Download or read book Paul A. Samuelson written by John Cunningham Wood and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2005 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Samuelson is a key figure in economic thinking. This gathers the essential assessments of this important economist, and provides an unparalleled insight into his lasting impact on economics.
Author :Econometric Society. World Congress Publisher :Cambridge University Press ISBN 13 :9780521484602 Total Pages :466 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (846 download)
Book Synopsis Advances in Economic Theory: Volume 2 by : Econometric Society. World Congress
Download or read book Advances in Economic Theory: Volume 2 written by Econometric Society. World Congress and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1992 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gives the reader a unique survey of the most recent advances in economic theory.
Book Synopsis Beliefs, Interactions and Preferences by : Mark J. Machina
Download or read book Beliefs, Interactions and Preferences written by Mark J. Machina and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beliefs, Interactions and Preferences in Decision Making mixes a selection of papers, presented at the Eighth Foundations and Applications of Utility and Risk Theory (`FUR VIII') conference in Mons, Belgium, together with a few solicited papers from well-known authors in the field. This book addresses some of the questions that have recently emerged in the research on decision-making and risk theory. In particular, authors have modeled more and more as interactions between the individual and the environment or between different individuals the emergence of beliefs as well as the specific type of information treatment traditionally called `rationality'. This book analyzes several cases of such an interaction and derives consequences for the future of decision theory and risk theory. In the last ten years, modeling beliefs has become a specific sub-field of decision making, particularly with respect to low probability events. Rational decision making has also been generalized in order to encompass, in new ways and in more general situations than it used to be fitted to, multiple dimensions in consequences. This book deals with some of the most conspicuous of these advances. It also addresses the difficult question to incorporate several of these recent advances simultaneously into one single decision model. And it offers perspectives about the future trends of modeling such complex decision questions. The volume is organized in three main blocks: The first block is the more `traditional' one. It deals with new extensions of the existing theory, as is always demanded by scientists in the field. A second block handles specific elements in the development of interactions between individuals and their environment, as defined in the most general sense. The last block confronts real-world problems in both financial and non-financial markets and decisions, and tries to show what kind of contributions can be brought to them by the type of research reported on here.
Book Synopsis Changing Distributions in the Strong Sense and Their Comparative Statics by : Soojong Kim
Download or read book Changing Distributions in the Strong Sense and Their Comparative Statics written by Soojong Kim and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Uncertainty, Production, Choice, and Agency by : Robert G. Chambers
Download or read book Uncertainty, Production, Choice, and Agency written by Robert G. Chambers and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000-09-18 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a justification of the state-contingent approach to the economics of uncertainty.
Book Synopsis New Perspectives on the Role of Information in Health Economics by : Elisabeth Meyer
Download or read book New Perspectives on the Role of Information in Health Economics written by Elisabeth Meyer and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2009 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Does managed care reduce the costs of medical care while leaving the quality of treatment at least unchanged? What instruments should be employed to prevent risk selection? How can medical decision making be based on more rational criteria? This book consists of three major studies, each addressing a specific question related to the current debate on reforms in the health care sector. Insurers offering managed care contracts have the right to deny coverage for treatment prescribed by an insured's physician. In the US, such practices have provoked a wave of criticism against managed care. The first study shows that monitoring physicians' decisions can generally raise the efficiency of health care provision. However, insurers tend to intervene too much in medical decision making, such that consumer welfare may also decline. If premium payments do not reflect individual risk types, insurers have an incentive to practice risk selection (cream skimming). To prevent this, risk adjustment schemes have been introduced in several countries. The second study takes up the critique against conventional risk adjustment and shows that an inaccurate adjustment scheme may even have detrimental effects on social welfare. The optimal payment scheme in the model framework involves partial cost reimbursement based on the insurer's information. Watchfully waiting involves monitoring a patient's health state over time and deciding whether to undertake a medical intervention, or to continue waiting. The third study contains a formal model of the watchfully waiting process. Optimal decision rules for switching to direct medical intervention are derived. The approach could be applied to a wide range of decision problems in health economics and medicine.
Book Synopsis Unemployment in Open Economies by : Pia Weiß
Download or read book Unemployment in Open Economies written by Pia Weiß and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unemployment in Open Economies studies how domestic labour markets are influenced by a changing international environment. It combines the recently developed search and matching models with standard models of international trade. By this method, the reader gains new insights in the ongoing debate on how globalisation can affect unemployment. The author develops a collection of models showing that globalisation can be one reason for long-known and well-documented phenomenons on the labour market. She puts emphasis on country differences by studying the role of individual risk behavior and the wage setting on the unemployment level.
Book Synopsis Mathematical Topics on Representations of Ordered Structures and Utility Theory by : Gianni Bosi
Download or read book Mathematical Topics on Representations of Ordered Structures and Utility Theory written by Gianni Bosi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-23 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers an essential review of central theories, current research and applications in the field of numerical representations of ordered structures. It is intended as a tribute to Professor Ghanshyam B. Mehta, one of the leading specialists on the numerical representability of ordered structures, and covers related applications to utility theory, mathematical economics, social choice theory and decision-making. Taken together, the carefully selected contributions provide readers with an authoritative review of this research field, as well as the knowledge they need to apply the theories and methods in their own work.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Experimental Economic Methodology by : Guillaume R. Fréchette
Download or read book Handbook of Experimental Economic Methodology written by Guillaume R. Fréchette and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2015-01-02 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Experimental Economic Methodology, edited by Guillaume R. Fréchette and Andrew Schotter, aims to confront and debate the issues faced by the growing field of experimental economics. For example, as experimental work attempts to test theory, it raises questions about the proper relationship between theory and experiments. As experimental results are used to inform policy, the utility of these results outside the lab is questioned, and finally, as experimental economics tries to integrate ideas from other disciplines like psychology and neuroscience, the question of their proper place in the discipline of economics becomes less clear. This book contains papers written by some of the most accomplished scholars working at the intersection of experimental, behavioral, and theoretical economics talking about methodology. It is divided into four sections, each of which features a set of papers and a set of comments on those papers. The intention of the volume is to offer a place where ideas about methodology could be discussed and even argued. Some of the papers are contentious---a healthy sign of a dynamic discipline---while others lay out a vision for how the authors think experimental economics should be pursued. This exciting and illuminating collection of papers brings light to a topic at the core of experimental economics. Researchers from a broad range of fields will benefit from the exploration of these important questions.
Book Synopsis Applied Economic Analysis of Information and Risk by : Moriki Hosoe
Download or read book Applied Economic Analysis of Information and Risk written by Moriki Hosoe and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-25 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines interesting new topics in applied economics from the perspectives of the economics of information and risk, two fields of economics that address the consequences of asymmetric information, environmental risk and uncertainty for the nature and efficiency of interactions between individuals and organizations. In the economics of information, the essential task is to examine the condition of asymmetric information under which the information gap is exploited. For the economics of risk, it is important to investigate types of behavior including risk aversion, risk sharing, and risk prevention, and to reexamine the classical expected utility approach and the relationships among several types of the changes in risk. Few books have ever analyzed topics in applied economics with regard to information and risk. This book provides a comprehensive collection of applied analyses, while also revisiting certain basic concepts in the economics of information and risk. The book consists of two parts. In Part I, several aspects of applied economics are investigated, including public policy, labor economics, and political economics, from the standpoint of the economics of (asymmetric) information. First, several basic frameworks of the incentive mechanism with regard to transaction-specific investment are assessed, then various tools for market design and organization design are explored. In Part II, mathematical measures of risk and risk aversion are examined in more detail, and readers are introduced to stochastic selection rules governing choice behavior under uncertainty. Several types of change in the random variable for the cumulative distribution function (CDF) and probability distribution function (PDF) are discussed. In closing, the part investigates the comparative static results of these changes in CDF or PDF on the general decision model, incorporating uncertain situations in applied economics.
Book Synopsis Public Economics by : Gareth D. Myles
Download or read book Public Economics written by Gareth D. Myles and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1995-11-23 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A rigorous, self-contained textbook covering all the central topics in public economics.
