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Gene Patents And Licensing Practices And Their Impact On Patient Access To Genetic Tests
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Author :National Institutes of Health (U.S.). Secretary's Advisory Committee on Genetics, Health, and Society Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :376 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (19 download)
Book Synopsis Gene Patents and Licensing Practices and Their Impact on Patient Access to Genetic Tests by : National Institutes of Health (U.S.). Secretary's Advisory Committee on Genetics, Health, and Society
Download or read book Gene Patents and Licensing Practices and Their Impact on Patient Access to Genetic Tests written by National Institutes of Health (U.S.). Secretary's Advisory Committee on Genetics, Health, and Society and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Gene Patents and Collaborative Licensing Models by : Geertrui van Overwalle
Download or read book Gene Patents and Collaborative Licensing Models written by Geertrui van Overwalle and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-06-11 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The cost of patent licenses needed to design a new genetic test or treatment may ultimately prevent research projects getting started, as individual components are protected by different patent owners. This book examines legal measures which might be used to solve the problem of fragmentation of patents in genetics.
Book Synopsis The Troubled Dream of Genetic Medicine by : Keith Wailoo
Download or read book The Troubled Dream of Genetic Medicine written by Keith Wailoo and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2006-05-29 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of the History of Science category of the Professional and Scholarly Publishing Awards given by the Association of American Publishers Why do racial and ethnic controversies become attached, as they often do, to discussions of modern genetics? How do theories about genetic difference become entangled with political debates about cultural and group differences in America? Such issues are a conspicuous part of the histories of three hereditary diseases: Tay-Sachs, commonly identified with Jewish Americans; cystic fibrosis, often labeled a "Caucasian" disease; and sickle cell disease, widely associated with African Americans. In this captivating account, historians Keith Wailoo and Stephen Pemberton reveal how these diseases—fraught with ethnic and racial meanings for many Americans—became objects of biological fascination and crucibles of social debate. Peering behind the headlines of breakthrough treatments and coming cures, they tell a complex story: about different kinds of suffering and faith, about unequal access to the promises and perils of modern medicine, and about how Americans consume innovation and how they come to believe in, or resist, the notion of imminent medical breakthroughs. With Tay-Sachs, cystic fibrosis, and sickle cell disease as a powerful backdrop, the authors provide a glimpse into a diverse America where racial ideologies, cultural politics, and conflicting beliefs about the power of genetics shape disparate health care expectations and experiences.
Book Synopsis Assessing Genetic Risks by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Assessing Genetic Risks written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1994-01-01 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Raising hopes for disease treatment and prevention, but also the specter of discrimination and "designer genes," genetic testing is potentially one of the most socially explosive developments of our time. This book presents a current assessment of this rapidly evolving field, offering principles for actions and research and recommendations on key issues in genetic testing and screening. Advantages of early genetic knowledge are balanced with issues associated with such knowledge: availability of treatment, privacy and discrimination, personal decision-making, public health objectives, cost, and more. Among the important issues covered: Quality control in genetic testing. Appropriate roles for public agencies, private health practitioners, and laboratories. Value-neutral education and counseling for persons considering testing. Use of test results in insurance, employment, and other settings.
Book Synopsis The Ethics of Patenting DNA by : Nuffield Council on Bioethics
Download or read book The Ethics of Patenting DNA written by Nuffield Council on Bioethics and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper questions whether the application of the patent system to DNA sequences achieves its goals of stimulating innovation for the public good and rewarding people for useful new inventions. Even if DNA sequences are considered eligible for patenting, they must also be novel, inventive, and useful. The application of these criteria has not been stringently applied. In future, patents asserting rights over DNA sequences should become the exception rather than the norm.
Book Synopsis Reaping the Benefits of Genomic and Proteomic Research by : National Research Council
Download or read book Reaping the Benefits of Genomic and Proteomic Research written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-04-09 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The patenting and licensing of human genetic material and proteins represents an extension of intellectual property (IP) rights to naturally occurring biological material and scientific information, much of it well upstream of drugs and other disease therapies. This report concludes that IP restrictions rarely impose significant burdens on biomedical research, but there are reasons to be apprehensive about their future impact on scientific advances in this area. The report recommends 13 actions that policy-makers, courts, universities, and health and patent officials should take to prevent the increasingly complex web of IP protections from getting in the way of potential breakthroughs in genomic and proteomic research. It endorses the National Institutes of Health guidelines for technology licensing, data sharing, and research material exchanges and says that oversight of compliance should be strengthened. It recommends enactment of a statutory exception from infringement liability for research on a patented invention and raising the bar somewhat to qualify for a patent on upstream research discoveries in biotechnology. With respect to genetic diagnostic tests to detect patient mutations associated with certain diseases, the report urges patent holders to allow others to perform the tests for purposes of verifying the results.
Book Synopsis Patents in the Knowledge-Based Economy by : National Research Council
Download or read book Patents in the Knowledge-Based Economy written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-08-11 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume assembles papers commissioned by the National Research Council's Board on Science, Technology, and Economic Policy (STEP) to inform judgments about the significant institutional and policy changes in the patent system made over the past two decades. The chapters fall into three areas. The first four chapters consider the determinants and effects of changes in patent "quality." Quality refers to whether patents issued by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) meet the statutory standards of patentability, including novelty, nonobviousness, and utility. The fifth and sixth chapters consider the growth in patent litigation, which may itself be a function of changes in the quality of contested patents. The final three chapters explore controversies associated with the extension of patents into new domains of technology, including biomedicine, software, and business methods.
Book Synopsis An Introduction to Ethical, Safety and Intellectual Property Rights Issues in Biotechnology by : Padma Nambisan
Download or read book An Introduction to Ethical, Safety and Intellectual Property Rights Issues in Biotechnology written by Padma Nambisan and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-06-21 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An Introduction to Ethical, Safety and Intellectual Property Rights Issues in Biotechnology provides a comprehensive look at the biggest technologies that have revolutionized biology since the early 20th century, also discussing their impact on society. The book focuses on issues related to bioethics, biosafety and intellectual property rights, and is written in an easy-to-understand manner for graduate students and early career researchers interested in the opportunities and challenges associated with advances in biotechnology. Important topics covered include the Human Genome Project, human cloning, rDNA technology, the 3Rs and animal welfare, bioterrorism, human rights and genetic discrimination, good laboratory practices, good manufacturing practices, the protection of biological material and much more. Full of relevant case studies, practical examples, weblinks and resources for further reading, this book offers an essential and holistic look at the ways in which biotechnology has affected our global society. Provides a comprehensive look at the ethical, legal and social implications of biotechnology Discusses the global efforts made to resolve issues Incorporates numerous case studies to more clearly convey concepts and chart the development of guidelines and legislation regulating issues in biotechnology Takes a straightforward approach to highlight and discuss both the benefits and risks associated with the latest biotechnologies
Book Synopsis Promoting Access to Medical Technologies and Innovation - Intersections between Public Health, Intellectual Property and Trade by : World Intellectual Property Organization
Download or read book Promoting Access to Medical Technologies and Innovation - Intersections between Public Health, Intellectual Property and Trade written by World Intellectual Property Organization and published by WIPO. This book was released on 2013 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study has emerged from an ongoing program of trilateral cooperation between WHO, WTO and WIPO. It responds to an increasing demand, particularly in developing countries, for strengthened capacity for informed policy-making in areas of intersection between health, trade and IP, focusing on access to and innovation of medicines and other medical technologies.
Book Synopsis Inherited Susceptibility to Cancer by : William D. Foulkes
Download or read book Inherited Susceptibility to Cancer written by William D. Foulkes and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1998-06-28 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many cancers, both common and rare, are known to have a hereditary predisposition and advances in genetics have clarified the risks and in some cases the mechanisms of cancer developing in an individual. First published in 1998, this important contribution to the literature of cancer genetics covers all the key issues, reviewing both the technology behind genetic risk assessment and the ethical dilemmas it poses. It is divided into two parts. The first deals with ethical, legal and social issues. The second systematically outlines current knowledge of the inheritance patterns of many different cancer types, both from a site-by-site perspective and for special groups. This authoritative volume will be of interest to oncologists, physicians and surgeons in other specialities and to health professionals in the areas of primary care, counselling and cancer risk assessment.
Book Synopsis Diagnostic Molecular Pathology by : William B. Coleman
Download or read book Diagnostic Molecular Pathology written by William B. Coleman and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2023-10-27 with total page 846 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diagnostic Molecular Pathology: A Guide to Applied Molecular Testing, Second Edition assembles a group of experts to discuss the molecular basis and mechanisms of major human diseases and disease processes and how the molecular features of disease can be harnessed to develop practical molecular tests for disease detection, diagnosis and prognosis. The book explains how molecular tests are utilized in the treatment of patients in personalized medicine, highlights new technologies and approaches of applied molecular pathology, and discusses how this discovery-based research yields new and useful biomarkers and tests. As it is essential to stay up-to-date on new molecular diagnostics in this changing field, this book covers critically important areas in the practice of personalized medicine and reflects our understanding of the pathology, pathogenesis and pathophysiology of human disease. Includes new material on mass spectrometry for infectious diseases, microbiome, homology-directed repair for PARPi, whole genome sequencing for constitutional testing, and much more Provides insights on the value of the molecular test in comparison to traditional methods, which include speed, precision, sensitivity and clinical impacts for the patient Focuses on the menu of molecular diagnostic tests available in modern molecular pathology or clinical laboratories that can be applied to disease detection, diagnosis and classification in the clinical workup of a patient Explains how molecular tests are utilized to guide the treatment of patients in personalized medicine (guided therapies) and for the prognostication of disease
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309498511 Total Pages :103 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis The Role of NIH in Drug Development Innovation and Its Impact on Patient Access by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book The Role of NIH in Drug Development Innovation and Its Impact on Patient Access written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-01-27 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To explore the role of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in innovative drug development and its impact on patient access, the Board on Health Care Services and the Board on Health Sciences Policy of the National Academies jointly hosted a public workshop on July 24â€"25, 2019, in Washington, DC. Workshop speakers and participants discussed the ways in which federal investments in biomedical research are translated into innovative therapies and considered approaches to ensure that the public has affordable access to the resulting new drugs. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.
Book Synopsis Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States by : National Research Council
Download or read book Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-07-29 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scores of talented and dedicated people serve the forensic science community, performing vitally important work. However, they are often constrained by lack of adequate resources, sound policies, and national support. It is clear that change and advancements, both systematic and scientific, are needed in a number of forensic science disciplines to ensure the reliability of work, establish enforceable standards, and promote best practices with consistent application. Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward provides a detailed plan for addressing these needs and suggests the creation of a new government entity, the National Institute of Forensic Science, to establish and enforce standards within the forensic science community. The benefits of improving and regulating the forensic science disciplines are clear: assisting law enforcement officials, enhancing homeland security, and reducing the risk of wrongful conviction and exoneration. Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States gives a full account of what is needed to advance the forensic science disciplines, including upgrading of systems and organizational structures, better training, widespread adoption of uniform and enforceable best practices, and mandatory certification and accreditation programs. While this book provides an essential call-to-action for congress and policy makers, it also serves as a vital tool for law enforcement agencies, criminal prosecutors and attorneys, and forensic science educators.
Book Synopsis Genetics, Health, and Society by : Brea L. Perry
Download or read book Genetics, Health, and Society written by Brea L. Perry and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2015-07-16 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume focuses on critical issues surrounding the intersection of genetics, health, and society. It provides a critical examination of sociological and biomedical approaches to genomics, including strengths and limitations of each perspective.
Author :The Expert Panel on the Approval and Use of Somatic Gene Therapies in Canada Publisher :Council of Canadian Academies ISBN 13 :1926522796 Total Pages :122 pages Book Rating :4.9/5 (265 download)
Book Synopsis From Research to Reality by : The Expert Panel on the Approval and Use of Somatic Gene Therapies in Canada
Download or read book From Research to Reality written by The Expert Panel on the Approval and Use of Somatic Gene Therapies in Canada and published by Council of Canadian Academies. This book was released on 2020-11-05 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From Research to Reality describes the stages involved in the approval and use of gene therapies in Canada, and examines challenges associated with regulatory oversight, manufacturing, access, and affordability, and identifies promising approaches to address them.
Book Synopsis The Changing Face of US Patent Law and Its Impact on Business Strategy by : D.R. Cahoy
Download or read book The Changing Face of US Patent Law and Its Impact on Business Strategy written by D.R. Cahoy and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2013-01-01 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Daniel Cahoy and Lynda Oswald have brought together some of the country's most prominent patent scholars outside the legal discipline. From the LeahySmith America Invents Act to recent court cases from the Supreme Court and the Federal Circuit, this timely, informative and well-edited volume examines the latest changes in US patent law and their impact on business strategy. The book is a must-read for anybody who wants to learn more deeply about the ever-increasing role of patents in the business environment.' Peter K. Yu, Drake University Law School, US Within the complex global economy, patents function as indispensable tools for fostering and protecting innovation. This fascinating volume offers a comprehensive perspective on the US patent system, detailing its many uses and outlining several critical legislative, administrative and judicial reforms that impact business strategy. The expert contributors to this book provide an overview of how the US patent system functions today and describe how recent changes affect firms and individual inventors. Topics discussed include the drivers of intellectual property policy; recent revisions to the patent application process in terms of the new first-to-file regime, inequitable conduct, and allowable subject matter; and changes to patent enforcement and infringement related to the Federal Circuit's special role and post-grant review. Contributors address recent legislation such as the 2011 America Invents Act, which enacted some of the most significant patent reforms in decades. This examination of the US patent system highlights some of the most important issues for business. It will serve as an important tool for both policymakers and business leaders, and will also interest students and professors of business and management studies, innovation studies and business law.
Book Synopsis Patents, Human Rights and Access to Science by : Aurora Plomer
Download or read book Patents, Human Rights and Access to Science written by Aurora Plomer and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2015-10-30 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new millennium has been described as ‘the century of biology’, but scientific progress and access to medicines has been marred by global disputes over ownership of the science by universities and private companies. This book examines the challenges posed by the modern patent system to the right of everyone to access the benefits of science in international law. Aurora Plomer retraces the genesis and evolution of the key Articles in the UN system (Article 27 UDHR and Article 15 ICESCR). She combines the historiography of these Articles with a novel perspective on the moral foundations of rights of access to science to draw out implications for today’s controversies on patents in the life-sciences. The analysis suggests that access to science as a fundamental right requires both freedom from political and religious interference and the existence of enabling research institutions and educational facilities which promote the flow of knowledge through transparent and open structures. From this perspective, the global patent system is shown to fail spectacularly when it comes to the human rights ideal of universal access to science. The book concludes that a fundamental restructuring of patent institutions is required, in which democratic oversight of patent policies would ensure meaningful realization of the right of everyone to access the benefits of science. Students and scholars of international law, particularly those focusing on intellectual property and human rights, will find this book to be of considerable interest. It will also be of use to practitioners in the field.
