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Author : Vaishali Katju
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)
Download or read book Gene Duplication and Reproductive Incompatibility in Caenorhabditis Elegans written by Vaishali Katju and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Susumu Ohno
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 364286659X
Total Pages : 171 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (428 download)
Download or read book Evolution by Gene Duplication written by Susumu Ohno and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-11 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is said that "necessity is the mother of invention". To be sure, wheels and pulleys were invented out of necessity by the tenacious minds of upright citi zens. Looking at the history of mankind, however, one has to add that "Ieisure is the mother of cultural improvement". Man's creative genius flourished only when his mind, freed from the worry of daily toils, was permitted to entertain apparently useless thoughts. In the same manner, one might say with regard to evolution that "natural selection mere(y tnodifted, while redundanry created". Natural selection has been extremely effective in policing alleHe mutations which arise in already existing gene loci. Because of natural selection, organisms have been able to adapt to changing environments, and by adaptive radiation many new species were created from a common ancestral form. Y et, being an effective policeman, natural selection is extremely conservative by nature. Had evolution been entirely dependent upon natural selection, from a bacterium only numerous forms of bacteria would have emerged. The creation of metazoans, vertebrates and finally mammals from unicellular organisms would have been quite impos sible, for such big leaps in evolution required the creation of new gene loci with previously nonexistent functions. Only the cistron which became redun dant was able to escape from the relentless pressure of natural selection, and by escaping, it accumulated formerly forbidden mutations to emerge as a new gene locus.
Author : Jennifer R. Berman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 402 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (85 download)
Download or read book Genetic and Molecular Analysis of the Reproductive System's Effect on Aging in Caenorhabditis Elegans written by Jennifer R. Berman and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Finally, we further explore the role of daf-12 on lifespan and thermotolerance, as well as examine the effects of environmental perturbation on the lifespan of germline deficient animals.
Author : LeAnne M. Lovato
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 135 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (127 download)
Download or read book The Genomic History of Self-fertilization in Caenorhabditis Elegans written by LeAnne M. Lovato and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Most flagship species or commonly recognized plants and animals proliferate via sexual reproduction, however, there are a curious number of plants and animals that are asexual. Both modes of reproduction have advantages and disadvantages. Sex, and in particular biparental inheritance, generates the haplotype diversity and standing genetic variation required for effective natural selection, while asexual reproduction offers guaranteed reproduction and a 2-fold increase in genetic transmission. Similarly, sex generates costly phenotypes that hinder survival, and asexual species run the risk of extinction due to the accumulation of deleterious mutations. Numerous plants and animals have converged on self-fertilization as, an alternate mode of sexual reproduction that offers reproductive assurance, increases in genetic transmission, and fosters local adaptation. Selffertilization is also associated with reductions in heterozygosity and effective recombination which ultimately reduce the efficacy of natural selection. The exact genetic and genomic consequences of self-fertilization are largely unknown. The super model organism Caenorhabditis elegans is uniquely suited to study the evolutionary dynamics that influence breeding shifts and selective pressure placed on genes and genomes of self-fertile organisms. C. elegans offer an exhaustive set of genetic and genomic resources derived from decades of experimentation, a large world-wide sample of biodiversity, and advances in high throughput data collection. Moreover, there were several key observations drawn from this dissertation. Firstly, the selective constrains placed on male-specific mating genes have been relaxed. Genes required for malespecific mating functions contained an excess of slightly deleterious alleles that would likely complicate but not suppress mating. Secondly, variation on the X chromosome (the sex determining chromosome) was not equal to that of the bilaterally inherited autosomes. The factors contributing to variation on the X chromosome and the autosomes varied. Lastly, the hybridization of divergent lineages within the same species yields large genomic blocks of heterosis and genetic incompatibilities. Pockets of the genome are hypothesized to either hinder or support outbreeding. All together these observations provide evidence that C. elegans has a history of outcrossing and that males play an important (but small) role in the upkeep of the species. C. elegans toe a fine line of eventual extinction and the absolute freedom to reproduce at will"--Pages viii-ix
Author : Masatoshi Nei
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780231063210
Total Pages : 526 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (632 download)
Download or read book Molecular Evolutionary Genetics written by Masatoshi Nei and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 1987 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: -- "The Scientist"
Author : Geoffrey E. Hill
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0198818254
Total Pages : 315 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (988 download)
Download or read book Mitonuclear Ecology written by Geoffrey E. Hill and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2019-04-30 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This novel text provides a concise synthesis of how the interactions between mitochondrial and nuclear genes have played a major role in shaping the ecology and evolution of eukaryotes. The foundation for this new focus on mitonuclear interactions originated from research in biochemistry and cell biology laboratories, although the broader ecological and evolutionary implications have yet to be fully explored. The imperative for mitonuclear coadaptation is proposed to be a major selective force in the evolution of sexual reproduction and two mating types in eukaryotes, in the formation of species, in the evolution of ornaments and sexual selection, in the process of adaptation, and in the evolution of senescence. The book highlights the importance of mitonuclear coadaptation to the evolution of complex life and champions mitonuclear ecology as an important subdiscipline in ecology and evolution.
Author : Austin BURT
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674029119
Total Pages : 613 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (74 download)
Download or read book Genes in Conflict written by Austin BURT and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-06-30 with total page 613 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering all species from yeast to humans, this is the first book to tell the story of selfish genetic elements that act narrowly to advance their own replication at the expense of the larger organism.
Author : Giuseppe Fusco
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108499856
Total Pages : 491 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)
Download or read book The Biology of Reproduction written by Giuseppe Fusco and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-10-10 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A look into the phenomena of sex and reproduction in all organisms, taking an innovative, unified and comprehensive approach.
Author : David L. Jameson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Genetics of Speciation written by David L. Jameson and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The nature of populations, races, subspecies, and species. Genetic basis of isolation. Origin of isolation - theoretical. Origin of isolation - experimental. The nature of the speciation process.
Author : Denis Noble
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107176247
Total Pages : 315 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (71 download)
Download or read book Dance to the Tune of Life written by Denis Noble and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book formulates a relativistic theory of biology, challenging the common gene-centred view of organisms.
Author : Hervé Tettelin
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030382818
Total Pages : 311 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (33 download)
Download or read book The Pangenome written by Hervé Tettelin and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-04-30 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book offers the first comprehensive account of the pan-genome concept and its manifold implications. The realization that the genetic repertoire of a biological species always encompasses more than the genome of each individual is one of the earliest examples of big data in biology that opened biology to the unbounded. The study of genetic variation observed within a species challenges existing views and has profound consequences for our understanding of the fundamental mechanisms underpinning bacterial biology and evolution. The underlying rationale extends well beyond the initial prokaryotic focus to all kingdoms of life and evolves into similar concepts for metagenomes, phenomes and epigenomes. The book’s respective chapters address a range of topics, from the serendipitous emergence of the pan-genome concept and its impacts on the fields of microbiology, vaccinology and antimicrobial resistance, to the study of microbial communities, bioinformatic applications and mathematical models that tie in with complex systems and economic theory. Given its scope, the book will appeal to a broad readership interested in population dynamics, evolutionary biology and genomics.
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309437873
Total Pages : 231 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)
Download or read book Gene Drives on the Horizon written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-08-28 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research on gene drive systems is rapidly advancing. Many proposed applications of gene drive research aim to solve environmental and public health challenges, including the reduction of poverty and the burden of vector-borne diseases, such as malaria and dengue, which disproportionately impact low and middle income countries. However, due to their intrinsic qualities of rapid spread and irreversibility, gene drive systems raise many questions with respect to their safety relative to public and environmental health. Because gene drive systems are designed to alter the environments we share in ways that will be hard to anticipate and impossible to completely roll back, questions about the ethics surrounding use of this research are complex and will require very careful exploration. Gene Drives on the Horizon outlines the state of knowledge relative to the science, ethics, public engagement, and risk assessment as they pertain to research directions of gene drive systems and governance of the research process. This report offers principles for responsible practices of gene drive research and related applications for use by investigators, their institutions, the research funders, and regulators.
Author : Hitoshi Sawada
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 4431545891
Total Pages : 463 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (315 download)
Download or read book Sexual Reproduction in Animals and Plants written by Hitoshi Sawada and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-02-07 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the proceedings of the International Symposium on the Mechanisms of Sexual Reproduction in Animals and Plants, where many plant and animal reproductive biologists gathered to discuss their recent progress in investigating the shared mechanisms and factors involved in sexual reproduction. This now is the first book that reviews recent progress in almost all fields of plant and animal fertilization. It was recently reported that the self-sterile mechanism of a hermaphroditic marine invertebrate (ascidian) is very similar to the self-incompatibility system in flowering plants. It was also found that a male factor expressed in the sperm cells of flowering plants is involved in gamete fusion not only of plants but also of animals and parasites. These discoveries have led to the consideration that the core mechanisms or factors involved in sexual reproduction may be shared by animals, plants and unicellular organisms. This valuable book is highly useful for reproductive biologists as well as for biological scientists outside this field in understanding the current progress of reproductive biology.
Author : Craig Harris
Publisher : Humana Press
ISBN 13 : 9781617798665
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (986 download)
Download or read book Developmental Toxicology written by Craig Harris and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2012-05-29 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The discipline of developmental toxicology is an integration of concepts, models, and methodologies based heavily on the superimposition of toxicology principles upon the science of developmental biology. The science of developmental toxicology also borrows from other research areas that are concerned with regulation of cell growth, migration, differentiation and cell death, as such are central to the study of stem cells, cancer, and chronic diseases. In Developmental Toxicology: Methods and Protocols expert researchers in the field detail many of the methods which are now commonly used to study developmental toxicology highlighting the evolution of methods from classical teratology approaches to the dynamic, state-of-the-art molecular methods, systems biology, and next generation models and procedures. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and key tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Developmental Toxicology: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource to those planning experiments to investigate consequences of environmental, nutritional, or chemical effects caused during development.
Author : Patrik Nosil
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191628026
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)
Download or read book Ecological Speciation written by Patrik Nosil and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2012-03-15 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The origin of biological diversity, via the formation of new species, can be inextricably linked to adaptation to the ecological environment. Specifically, ecological processes are central to the formation of new species when barriers to gene flow (reproductive isolation) evolve between populations as a result of ecologically-based divergent natural selection. This process of 'ecological speciation' has seen a large body of particularly focused research in the last 10-15 years, and a review and synthesis of the theoretical and empirical literature is now timely. The book begins by clarifying what ecological speciation is, its alternatives, and the predictions that can be used to test for it. It then reviews the three components of ecological speciation and discusses the geography and genomic basis of the process. A final chapter highlights future research directions, describing the approaches and experiments which might be used to conduct that future work. The ecological and genetic literature is integrated throughout the text with the goal of shedding new insight into the speciation process, particularly when the empirical data is then further integrated with theory.
Author : Richard P. Shefferson
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108138608
Total Pages : 445 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (81 download)
Download or read book The Evolution of Senescence in the Tree of Life written by Richard P. Shefferson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-02-23 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The existing theories on the evolution of senescence assume that senescence is inevitable in all organisms. However, recent studies have shown that this is not necessarily true. A better understanding of senescence and its underlying mechanisms could have far-reaching consequences for conservation and eco-evolutionary research. This book is the first to offer interdisciplinary perspectives on the evolution of senescence in many species, setting the stage for further developments. It brings together new insights from a wide range of scientific fields and cutting-edge research done on a multitude of different animals (including humans), plants and microbes, giving the reader a complete overview of recent developments and of the controversies currently surrounding the topic. Written by specialists from a variety of disciplines, this book is a valuable source of information for students and researchers interested in ageing and life history traits and populations.
Author : Roderick D.M. Page
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1444313363
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (443 download)
Download or read book Molecular Evolution written by Roderick D.M. Page and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-07-14 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of evolution at the molecular level has given the subject of evolutionary biology a new significance. Phylogenetic 'trees' of gene sequences are a powerful tool for recovering evolutionary relationships among species, and can be used to answer a broad range of evolutionary and ecological questions. They are also beginning to permeate the medical sciences. In this book, the authors approach the study of molecular evolution with the phylogenetic tree as a central metaphor. This will equip students and professionals with the ability to see both the evolutionary relevance of molecular data, and the significance evolutionary theory has for molecular studies. The book is accessible yet sufficiently detailed and explicit so that the student can learn the mechanics of the procedures discussed. The book is intended for senior undergraduate and graduate students taking courses in molecular evolution/phylogenetic reconstruction. It will also be a useful supplement for students taking wider courses in evolution, as well as a valuable resource for professionals. First student textbook of phylogenetic reconstruction which uses the tree as a central metaphor of evolution. Chapter summaries and annotated suggestions for further reading. Worked examples facilitate understanding of some of the more complex issues. Emphasis on clarity and accessibility.
