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Fundamental Structures Of The Chinese Language
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Book Synopsis Fundamental Structures of the Chinese Language by : Taciana Fisac
Download or read book Fundamental Structures of the Chinese Language written by Taciana Fisac and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-03-29 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamental Structures of the Chinese Language is an exceptional resource for understanding how Chinese grammar functions in natural discourse. This book departs from the conventional approach of superimposing grammatical constructs from English onto Chinese and focuses on the topic–comment structure inherent in the Chinese language. Constructions that are usually considered complex or challenging for students whose mother tongues are subject–verb–object languages will be more easily understandable with this analysis. Simple and complex verbal structures are discussed in depth with the incorporation of the aspect category, which provides an enormous richness of nuances in the internal development of the action, and word order is considered one of the key features of the Chinese language. All the explanations are applied to numerous examples of real Chinese texts. This textbook is a valuable resource for students, teachers, and researchers in Chinese language courses including Chinese translation, Chinese linguistics, and comparison linguistics in general.
Book Synopsis Basic Patterns of Chinese Grammar by : Qin Xue Herzberg
Download or read book Basic Patterns of Chinese Grammar written by Qin Xue Herzberg and published by Stone Bridge Press. This book was released on 2012-11-15 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here is a concise guide to supplement any course of study and help with homework, travel, and test preparation. Topics include word order, time, nouns, verbs, adjectives, word choices with verbs and adverbs, and letter writing. The simple format has one goal: quick mastery and growing confidence. Qin Xue Herzberg, a graduate of Beijing Normal University, has taught Chinese for decades and has been an upper-level Chinese professor at Calvin College for ten years. Larry Herzberg did his PhD work in Chinese and founded the Chinese language programs at Albion College and Calvin College. Qin and Larry live in Grand Rapids, Michigan, and are co-authors of the popular China Survival Guide as well as Chinese Proverbs and Popular Sayings.
Book Synopsis The Fundamentals of the Chinese Language by : Brian Stewart
Download or read book The Fundamentals of the Chinese Language written by Brian Stewart and published by . This book was released on 2022-02-16 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Fundamentals of the Chinese Language, Writing and Pronunciation is the first volume of The Fundamentals of the Chinese Language series. It is recommended for absolute beginners. No prior knowledge of Pinyin or Chinese characters is required for learners studying this textbook. Step by step, The Fundamentals of the Chinese Language, Writing and Pronunciation gives students the strong foundation that is required to start learning efficiently the Chinese language. Using an originally designed repetition method and through a large number of exercises, The Fundamentals of the Chinese Language, Writing and Pronunciation will make you never forget your first 200 Chinese characters along with their structure, meaning, and pronunciation. And, to make sure that it sticks, using what you have learned, you will read a short story written in Chinese, and translate it into English. In the Media: "'The Fundamentals of the Chinese Language, Writing and Pronunciation' makes learning Chinese characters painless, while including the elements that make character study effective: radicals, real-life examples, and a range of engaging practice exercises." -ChinaExpat.com "This is incredible! I learned more characters from this book in 15 minutes than in 15 years from my usual awful teacher (myself). Brian's clear, concise word-painting unlocks the meaning of the most baffling characters. Bravo!" -Nury Vittachi, Author & Columnist Publisher's note for the printed edition: in order to be more enjoyable during reading, this book is in 5.5" x 8.5" format. In the same spirit, the paper is cream-colored, which causes less fatigue to the eyes than white paper. All our publications are carefully crafted, both in terms of typography as well as design. Publisher's note for the Kindle edition: our Kindle publications are carefully crafted, with Table of Contents, Index, Footnotes and References when applicable. A strong emphasis has been put on the typography as well as the design. Your comments are welcome at discoverypublisher.com - Thank you for choosing Discovery Publisher.
Author :Cornelius C. Kubler Publisher :Ohio State University, Foreign Language Publications ISBN 13 : Total Pages :262 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis NFLC Guide for Basic Chinese Language Programs by : Cornelius C. Kubler
Download or read book NFLC Guide for Basic Chinese Language Programs written by Cornelius C. Kubler and published by Ohio State University, Foreign Language Publications. This book was released on 1997 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Essential Mandarin Chinese Grammar by : Vivian Ling
Download or read book Essential Mandarin Chinese Grammar written by Vivian Ling and published by Tuttle Publishing. This book was released on 2020-09-15 with total page 499 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essential Mandarin Chinese Grammar is a systematic overview of Mandarin grammar, oriented toward self-study, English-speaking students. Through explanations of common mistakes learners make, useful example sentences and exercises with an answer key, this book provides a detailed introduction to the unique grammar structures of the Mandarin language. Ideal for any student who is interested in taking their skills to the next level, this book makes the difficult task of perfecting grammar efficient, interesting and rewarding. Essential Mandarin Chinese Grammar is a perfect tool to help you form correct and natural-sounding sentences, and determine how to best use the grammar you need for reading or writing Mandarin. Each example and exercise is written in both pinyin and Simplified Chinese Characters to accommodate learners with varying levels of character literacy, including those who have learned only to speak but not read.
Book Synopsis Routledge Course In Modern Mandarin Chinese Level 2 (Simplified) by : Claudia Ross
Download or read book Routledge Course In Modern Mandarin Chinese Level 2 (Simplified) written by Claudia Ross and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-04-15 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Routledge Course in Mandarin Chinese is a two-year undergraduate course for students with no prior background in Chinese study. Designed to build a strong foundation in both the spoken and written language it develops all the basic skills such as pronunciation, character writing, word use and structures, while placing strong emphasis on the development of communicative skills. The complete course consists of Textbook Level 1, Workbook level 1 - including free CDs, Textbook level 2 and workbook level 2 -including free CDs. All books are available separately in simplified as well as traditional characters and take the students from complete beginner to post-intermediate level. Textbook Level 2 incorporates the innovative features of Level 1 including the separation of vocabulary from characters, a "basic to complex" introduction of grammatical structures, a comprehensive companion workbook with extensive practice in all language skills and functions, and a Teachers’ Manual. Level 2 adds a "Narrative" Component to support the learner as they move from spoken Mandarin to formal written Chinese, and from the comprehension and production of short sentences to paragraphs and essays. Level 2 of this Course in Modern Mandarin bridges the gap that characterizes the transition between basic level Chinese courses and more advanced work. The Narrative Component includes: Model narratives that introduce formal written Chinese with explanations of the features of each narrative. Focus on narrative function including description, comparison, explanation, persuasion, and hypothesis. Reading and writing assignments that guide students to internalize model structures, to read for information, and to compose original essays for specific purposes. The course is also fully supported by an interactive companion website which contains a wealth of additional resources for both teachers and students. Teachers will find lesson plans in both English and Mandarin, providing a weekly schedule and overall syllabus for fall and spring, as well as activities for each lesson and answer keys. Students will be able to access downloadable character practice worksheets along with interactive pronunciation, vocabulary and character practice exercises. All the audio material necessary for the course is also available online and conveniently linked on screen to the relevant exercises for ease-of-use. For more information about the course and to access these additional resources, please visit the companion website at www.routledge.com/textbooks/9780415472517 For bundle discounts please visit: http://www.routledge.com/books/details/9780415533072/
Book Synopsis Order and Constituency in Mandarin Chinese by : Audrey Li Yen Hui
Download or read book Order and Constituency in Mandarin Chinese written by Audrey Li Yen Hui and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1990-02-28 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent developments in generative grammar have been very stimulating. The current theory defines a small set of principles that apply to all human languages. Efforts have been made to demonstrate the adequacy of this theory for a wide range of languages. We thus see an interesting interface of theory and empirical data: the study of natural languages contributes to defining the properties of Universal Grammar and the predictions of the theory help in uncovering generalizations regarding natural languages. This book aims to add to this exciting development by showing how the analysis of Mandarin Chinese constituent structures helps to define Case Theory and how interesting generalizations concerning Chinese grammar are uncovered through verification of the theoretical predictions. Starting from the inadequacy of work by Koopman, Li, and Travis on the effect of Case directionality on word order, the book shows that a detailed study of Chinese constituent structures allows us to reduce the phrase structure component to a minimal statement concerning the position of the head in a given phrase. It argues that in a given language the constituent structures can be adequately captured by the interaction of Case Theory, Theta Theory, Government Theory, and X Theory. Long standing controversies concerning Chinese basic word order are resolved by showing that underlying word order generalizations can differ from surface word order generalizations.
Book Synopsis Routledge Course in Modern Mandarin Chinese Level 2 Traditional by : Claudia Ross
Download or read book Routledge Course in Modern Mandarin Chinese Level 2 Traditional written by Claudia Ross and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-01-11 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Routledge Course in Mandarin Chinese is a two-year undergraduate course for students with no prior background in Chinese study. Designed to build a strong foundation in both the spoken and written language it develops all the basic skills such as pronunciation, character writing, word use and structures, while placing strong emphasis on the development of communicative skills. The complete course consists of Textbook Level 1, Workbook level 1 - including free CDs, Textbook level 2 and workbook level 2 -including free CDs. All books are available separately in simplified as well as traditional characters and take the students from complete beginner to post-intermediate level. Textbook Level 2 incorporates the innovative features of Level 1 including the separation of vocabulary from characters, a "basic to complex" introduction of grammatical structures, a comprehensive companion workbook with extensive practice in all language skills and functions, and a Teachers’ Manual. Level 2 adds a "Narrative" Component to support the learner as they move from spoken Mandarin to formal written Chinese, and from the comprehension and production of short sentences to paragraphs and essays. Level 2 of this Course in Modern Mandarin bridges the gap that characterizes the transition between basic level Chinese courses and more advanced work. The Narrative Component includes: Model narratives that introduce formal written Chinese with explanations of the features of each narrative. Focus on narrative function including description, comparison, explanation, persuasion, and hypothesis. Reading and writing assignments that guide students to internalize model structures, to read for information, and to compose original essays for specific purposes. The course is also fully supported by an interactive companion website which contains a wealth of additional resources for both teachers and students. Teachers will find lesson plans in both English and Mandarin, providing a weekly schedule and overall syllabus for fall and spring, as well as activities for each lesson and answer keys. Students will be able to access downloadable character practice worksheets along with interactive pronunciation, vocabulary and character practice exercises. All the audio material necessary for the course is also available online and conveniently linked on screen to the relevant exercises for ease-of-use. For more information about the course and to access these additional resources, please visit the companion website at www.routledge.com/textbooks/9780415472517 For bundle discounts please visit: http://www.routledge.com/books/details/9780415533089/
Book Synopsis Classifier Structures in Mandarin Chinese by : Niina Ning Zhang
Download or read book Classifier Structures in Mandarin Chinese written by Niina Ning Zhang and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2013-05-28 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph addresses fundamental syntactic issues of classifier constructions, based on a thorough study of a typical classifier language, Mandarin Chinese. It shows that the contrast between count and mass is not binary. Instead, there are two independently attested features: Numerability, the ability of a noun to combine with a numeral directly, and Delimitability, the ability of a noun to be modified by a delimitive modifier, such as size, shape, or boundary modifier. Although all nouns in Chinese are non-count nouns, there is still a mass/non-mass contrast, with mass nouns selected by individuating classifiers and non-mass nouns selected by individual classifiers. Some languages have the counterparts of Chinese individuating classifiers only, some languages have the counterparts of Chinese individual classifiers only, and some other languages have no counterpart of either individual or individuating classifiers of Chinese. The book also reports that unit plurality can be expressed by reduplicative classifiers in the language. Moreover, for the constituency of a numeral expression, an individual, individuating, or kind classifier combines with the noun first and then the numeral is integrated; but a partitive or collective classifier, like a measure word, combines with the numeral first, before the noun is integrated into the whole nominal structure. Furthermore, the book identifies the syntactic positions of various uses of classifiers in the language. A classifier is at a functional head position that has a dependency with a numeral, or a position that has a dependency with a generic or existential quantifier, or a position that represents the singular-plural contrast, or a position that licenses a delimitive modifier when the classifier occurs in a compound.
Book Synopsis Understanding the Chinese Language by : Chris Shei
Download or read book Understanding the Chinese Language written by Chris Shei and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-10-03 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the Chinese Language provides a vibrant and comprehensive introduction to contemporary Chinese linguistics. Combining an accessible style with an in-depth treatment of the topics at hand, it uses clear, full descriptions and vivid, modern examples to systematically take students through the phonology, vocabulary, grammar, discourse structures and pragmatics of modern Chinese. No prior knowledge of Chinese or linguistics is required. Features include: Six detailed chapters covering the core linguistic aspects of the modern Chinese language, such as words, content units, sentences, speech acts, sentence-final particles and neologisms User-friendly comparisons and contrasts between English and Chinese throughout the text, helping to clearly explain important complexities and nuances of the Chinese language Clear, accessible explanations and insightful analysis of topics and linguistic devices, supported by many helpful examples, diagrams and tables Vivid and relevant examples drawn from real-life contemporary sources such as internet news reports, social networks like Sino Weibo, online forums and TV reality shows, offering fascinating perspectives on modern Chinese media, culture and society Pioneering coverage of Chinese new words and the social phenomena they reveal Additional exercises and four supplementary chapters covering Chinese syllables, idioms, discourse and culture available for free download at http://www.routledge.com/books/details/9780415634885/ Written by a highly experienced instructor, researcher and linguist, Understanding the Chinese Language will be essential reading for undergraduate and postgraduate students taking courses in Chinese linguistics. It will also be of interest to anyone interested in learning more about Chinese language and culture.
Book Synopsis The Chinese Strategic Mind by : Hong Liu
Download or read book The Chinese Strategic Mind written by Hong Liu and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2024-06-05 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this thoroughly revised edition of The Chinese Strategic Mind, Hong Liu underscores how the distinctive foundations of Chinese and Western thought lead to divergent focuses, objectives, and approaches. He aptly introduces a framework for comprehending the Chinese strategic mindset, exploring its origins, evolution, and implementation.
Book Synopsis Introducing Chinese Linguistics by : Hang Zhang
Download or read book Introducing Chinese Linguistics written by Hang Zhang and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2022-12-14 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive introduction to the fundamentals of Chinese linguistics, including the core components of phonetics and phonology, morphology, syntax, writing system, and social cultural aspects of the language. It also discusses key features of Chinese language acquisition in each of these areas, highlighting common difficulties and obstacles adult learners encounter as revealed in language acquisition research. The integration of basic linguistic knowledge with language acquisition findings provides valuable resources for both current and aspiring Chinese language teachers, and serious learners of Chinese as a second language. Exercise questions included in each chapter serve to reinforce the concepts of Chinese linguistics. The book is designed to not only enhance Chinese learners’ linguistic awareness but also provide language teachers with pedagogical preparation and assistance. While this book can be used as a textbook for an introductory Chinese linguistics course, it is also beneficial to the broader range of readers who are interested in Chinese linguistics.
Book Synopsis The Routledge Course in Modern Mandarin Chinese by : Claudia Ross
Download or read book The Routledge Course in Modern Mandarin Chinese written by Claudia Ross and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-04-15 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Routledge Course in Modern Mandarin Chinese is a two-year undergraduate course for students with no prior background in Chinese study which takes students from complete beginner to post-intermediate level. Designed to build a strong foundation in both the spoken and written language it develops all the basic skills such as pronunciation, character writing, word use and structures, while placing strong emphasis on the development of communicative skills. Each level of the course consists of a textbook and workbook, available separately in simplified or traditional character editions. A companion website will provide expanded listening files and a broad range of resources for students and teachers. The benefits of this course include: focus on the long-term retention of vocabulary, characters and structures by reiterating structures and vocabulary throughout the book series; carefully selected and staged introduction of characters with staged removal of pinyin to ensure recognition and use of characters; clear and jargon-free explanations of use and structures, that are easy for students and teachers to understand; extensive workbook exercises for homework, independent study, and classroom use focusing on all language skills and modalities including a vast inventory of carefully structured exercises focusing on listening comprehension, reading for information, and writing for communication;an extensive inventory of classroom activities that guide students to develop communication-based speaking and listening skills; a list of communication goals and key structures for each lesson allowing the student to assess progress; cultural notes explaining the context of the dialogues; language FAQs explaining aspects of Chinese language as they relate to the content and vocabulary in the lesson; storyline following a group of students studying in China from Europe, North America and East Asia, making the book attractive to a variety of students and facilitating the introduction of Chinese culture; full-color text design for the textbook and carefully matched designs for the traditional and simplified books, allowing for easy cross-reference The course is also fully supported by an interactive companion website. The website contains a wealth of additional resources for both teachers and students. Teachers will find lesson plans in both English and Mandarin, providing a weekly schedule and overall syllabus for fall and spring, as well as activities for each lesson and answer keys. Students will be able to access downloadable character practice worksheets along with interactive pronunciation, vocabulary and character practice exercises. All the audio material necessary for the course is also available onliine and conveniently linked on screen to the relevant exercises for ease-of-use.
Book Synopsis Chinese-English Contrastive Grammar by : David C. S. Li
Download or read book Chinese-English Contrastive Grammar written by David C. S. Li and published by Hong Kong University Press. This book was released on 2017-07-03 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main objective of Chinese-English Contrastive Grammar: An Introduction is to familiarize the reader with a subset of the learning difficulties and common errors in ESL/EFL pronunciation and lexico-grammatical structures encountered by Chinese learners and users of English, in Hong Kong and beyond. It also helps readers understand some of the ways in which the Chinese language has undergone structural change as a result of Europeanization. The book begins with a review of Cantonese-English contrastive phonology and is followed by a detailed analysis of lexico-grammatical deviations found among Chinese ESL/EFL learners. It concludes with a brief history of the Europeanization of the Chinese language and a discussion of commonly encountered lingua-cultural problems encountered by Chinese users of English in intercultural communication settings. This book is written primarily for teachers and students specializing in language-related disciplines. Scholars who wish to understand the acquisitional challenges for Chinese students in the process of learning English as an additional language will also find the book an informative reference. ‘David C. S. Li and Zoe Pei-sui Luk’s brand new introduction to Chinese-English contrastive grammar covers a number of key topics and comes with copious data, abundant exemplification, and in-depth analyses. A must-read for all who are interested in the similarities and differences between the two languages, and why.’ —K. K. Luke, Nanyang Technological University ‘This is a book which has long been needed. Drawing on their own research and teaching experience, the authors have produced a linguistically accurate and insightful, but also very readable book. It should be required reading for language teachers in Hong Kong and the Greater China region.’ —Stephen Matthews, University of Hong Kong
Book Synopsis Chinese: An Essential Grammar by : Don Rimmington
Download or read book Chinese: An Essential Grammar written by Don Rimmington and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2006-09-27 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition of Chinese: An Essential Grammar is an up-to-date and concise reference guide to modern Chinese (Mandarin) grammar. Refreshingly jargon free, it presents an accessible description of the language, focusing on the real patterns of use today. This Grammar aims to serve as a reference source for the learner and user of Chinese, irrespective of level, setting out the complexities of the language in short, readable sections. Features include: A new chapter on paragraph development Chinese characters, as well as the pinyin romanization, alongside all examples Literal and colloquial translations in English to illustrate language points detailed contents list and index for easy access to information A glossary of grammatical terms It is ideal either for independent study or for students in schools, colleges, universities and adult classes of all types.
Download or read book Basic Chinese written by Po-ching Yip and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2009 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 2009. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Book Synopsis Understanding and Using Chinese Grammar (Chinese Edition Full Color, an Easy-To-Use Guide with Clear Rules, Real-World Examples, and 200+ Pictures) by : Zhou Xiaogeng
Download or read book Understanding and Using Chinese Grammar (Chinese Edition Full Color, an Easy-To-Use Guide with Clear Rules, Real-World Examples, and 200+ Pictures) written by Zhou Xiaogeng and published by . This book was released on 2013-10-01 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book not only introduces the fundamental knowledge about the Chinese language but also, and more importantly, reveals the reasons behind the principles and rules, which helps learners to understand this language and apply the grammar rules well. Contents CHAPTER 1 Preparing to Start 1.1 A New Perspective 1.2 Chinese Language, Dialect, and Mandarin Chinese 1.3 Chinese Character, Simplified Character, and Traditional Character 1.4 Pronunciation, Tone, and Pinyin CHAPTER 2 Secrets of Combination 2.1 Concepts and Mechanisms 2.2 Three Basic Types of Combining Processes 2.3 Know More, Do More Chapter 3 Detailed Types of Combining Processes 3.1 Concepts and Mechanisms 3.2 Combining between Nouns 3.3 Combining between Verbs 3.4 Combining between Adjectives 3.5 Combining between a Noun and an Adjective 3.6 Combining between a Noun and a Verb 3.7 Combining between a Verb and an Adverb 3.8 Know More, Do More Chapter 4 Multiple Combining Processes 4.1 Concepts and Mechanisms 4.2 Logical Relations and Combining Sequences 4.3 Details and Skills 4.4 Know More, Do More Chapter 5 Structures and Gradations 5.1 Intermissions 5.2 Structure-Marking Words 5.3 Relation-Marking Words 5.4 Know More, Do More Chapter 6 Words in Special Types 6.1 Words as Affixes 6.2 Words as Reduplication 6.3 Words as Sounds Imitations 6.4 Words as Abbreviations 6.5 Chinese Idioms Chapter 7 Quantities, Times, and Places 7.1 To Describe Numbers and Quantities 7.2 To Describe Times 7.3 To Describe Places Chapter 8: About Sentences 8.1 Concepts and Mechanisms 8.2 Consistency in Combining Principles and Rules Chapter 9 To Make Comments and Descriptions 9.1 Concepts and Mechanisms 9.2 To Make Comments about Objects 9.3 To Describe Properties of Objects 9.4 To Describe Definitions 9.5 To Make Comparisons and Conclusions Chapter 10 To Describe Existence 10.1 Concepts and Mechanisms 10.2 To Describe Existence in General Statuses 10.3 To Describe Existence in Specific Statuses Chapter 11 To Describe Acts 11.1 Concepts and Mechanisms 11.2 To Describe Issuers and Acts 11.3 To Describe Acts and Receivers 11.4 To Describe Issuers, Acts, and Receivers 11.5 Special Sentence Structures Chapter 12 To Raise Questions: Yes or No 12.1 Concepts and Mechanisms 12.2 To Apply Interrogative Words 12.3 To Apply Reduplicative Structures 12.4 To Apply Independent Structures Chapter 13 To Raise Questions: Ask for Details 13.1 Concepts and Mechanisms 13.2 To Inquire about Unknown People 13.3 To Inquire about Unknown Things 13.4 To Inquire about Unknown Acts 13.5 To Inquire about Unknown Places 13.6 To Inquire about Specific Unknown Objects 13.7 To Inquire about Unknown Statuses 13.8 To Inquire about Unknown Reasons 13.9 To Inquire about Unknown Quantities 13.10 To Inquire about Unknown Times 13.11 Know More, Do More Chapter 14 Past, Present, and Future 14.1 Concepts and Mechanisms 14.2 Tense of Present Indefinite 14.3 Tense of Past Indefinite 14.4 Tense of Future Indefinite 14.5 Tense of Present Continuous 14.6 Tense of Past Continuous 14.7 Tense of Future Continuous 14.8 Tense of Present Perfect 14.9 Tense of Past Perfect 14.10 Tense of Future Perfect 14.11 Know More, Do More Chapter 15 Start, End, and Span 15.1 Concepts and Mechanisms 15.2 To Describe a Specific Point 15.3 To Describe a Span 15.4 Know More, Do More Chapter 16 Connection and Integration 16.1 Concepts and Mechanisms 16.2 To Specify Coordinating Relationships 16.3 To Specify Progressive Relationships 16.4 To Specify Adversative Relationships 16.5 To Specify Conditional Relationships 16.6 To Specify Cause-and-Effect Relationships 16.7 To Specify Objective Relationships 16.8 To Apply Independent Reminding Words 16.9 Know More, Do More
