From Etymology To Pragmatics

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From Etymology to Pragmatics

Author : Eve Sweetser
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521424424
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (244 download)

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Book Synopsis From Etymology to Pragmatics by : Eve Sweetser

Download or read book From Etymology to Pragmatics written by Eve Sweetser and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1990 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a new approach to the analysis of the multiple meanings of English modals, conjunctions, conditionals, and perception verbs. Although such ambiguities cannot easily be accounted for by feature-analyses of word meaning, Eve Sweetser's argument shows that they can be analyzed both readily and systematically. Meaning relationships in general cannot be understood independently of human cognitive structure, including the metaphorical and cultural aspects of that structure. Sweetser shows that both lexical polysemy and pragmatic ambiguity are shaped by our metaphorical folk understanding of epistemic processes and of speech interaction. Similar regularities can be shown to structure the contrast among root, epistemic and speech act uses of modal verbs, multiple uses of conjunctions and conditionals, and certain processes of historical change observed in Indo-European languages. Since polysemy is typically the intermediate step in semantic change, the same regularities observable in polysemy can be extended to an analysis of semantic change.

From Etymology to Pragmatics

Author : Eve Sweetser
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1316582337
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (165 download)

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Book Synopsis From Etymology to Pragmatics by : Eve Sweetser

Download or read book From Etymology to Pragmatics written by Eve Sweetser and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1991-07-26 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a distinct approach to the analysis of the multiple meanings of English modals, conjunctions, conditionals and perception verbs. Although such ambiguities cannot easily be accounted for by feature-analyses of word meaning, Eve Sweetser's argument shows that they can be analysed both readily and systematically. Meaning relationships in general cannot be understood independently of human cognitive structure, including the metaphorical and cultural aspects of that structure. Sweetser shows that both lexical polysemy and pragmatic ambiguity are shaped by our metaphorical folk understanding of epistemic processes and of speech interaction. Similar regularities can be shown to structure the contrast between root, epistemic and 'speech-act' uses of modal verbs, multiple uses of conjunctions and conditionals, and certain processes of historical change observed in Indo-European languages. Since polysemy is typically the intermediate step in semantic change, the same regularities observable in polysemy can be extended to an analysis of semantic change. This book will attract students and researchers in linguistics, philosophy, the cognitive sciences, and all those interested in metaphor.

Developmental Pragmatics

Author : Elinor Ochs
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 464 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (321 download)

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Book Synopsis Developmental Pragmatics by : Elinor Ochs

Download or read book Developmental Pragmatics written by Elinor Ochs and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together essays on the structure of language and the use of language during the course of its acquisition. -- pref.

The Oxford Guide to Etymology

Author : Philip Durkin
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191618780
Total Pages : 752 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Guide to Etymology by : Philip Durkin

Download or read book The Oxford Guide to Etymology written by Philip Durkin and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2011-07-07 with total page 752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This practical introduction to word history investigates every aspect of where words come from and how they change. Philip Durkin, chief etymologist of the Oxford English Dictionary, shows how different types of evidence can shed light on the myriad ways in which words change in form and meaning. He considers how such changes can be part of wider linguistic processes, or be influenced by a complex mixture of social and cultural factors. He illustrates every point with a wide range of fascinating examples. Dr Durkin investigates folk etymology and other changes which words undergo in everyday use. He shows how language families are established, how words in different languages can have a common ancester, and the ways in which the latter can be distinguished from words introduced through language contact. He examines the etymologies of the names of people and places. His focus is on English but he draws many examples from languages such as French, German, and Latin which cast light on the pre-histories of English words. The Oxford Guide to Etymology is reliable, readable, instructive, and enjoyable. Everyone interested in the history of words will value this account of an endlessly fascinating subject.

Defining Pragmatics

Author : Mira Ariel
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139488678
Total Pages : 349 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Defining Pragmatics by : Mira Ariel

Download or read book Defining Pragmatics written by Mira Ariel and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-06-24 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although there is no shortage of definitions for pragmatics the received wisdom is that 'pragmatics' simply cannot be coherently defined. In this groundbreaking book Mira Ariel challenges the prominent definitions of pragmatics, as well as the widely-held assumption that specific topics – implicatures, deixis, speech acts, politeness – naturally and uniformly belong on the pragmatics turf. She reconstitutes the field, defining grammar as a set of conventional codes, and pragmatics as a set of inferences, rationally derived. The book applies this division of labor between codes and inferences to many classical pragmatic phenomena, and even to phenomena considered 'beyond pragmatics'. Surprisingly, although some of these turn out pragmatic, others actually turn out grammatical. Additional intriguing questions addressed in the book include: why is it sometimes difficult to distinguish grammar from pragmatics? Why is there no grand design behind grammar nor behind pragmatics? Are all extragrammatical phenomena pragmatic?

Speech Act Theory and Pragmatics

Author : John Searle
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400989644
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Speech Act Theory and Pragmatics by : John Searle

Download or read book Speech Act Theory and Pragmatics written by John Searle and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the study of language, as in any other systematic study, there is no neutral terminology. Every technical term is an expression of the assumptions and theoretical presuppositions of its users; and in this introduction, we want to clarify some of the issues that have surrounded the assumptions behind the use of the two terms "speech acts" and "pragmatics". The notion of a speech act is fairly well understood. The theory of speech acts starts with the assumption that the minimal unit of human communica tion is not a sentence or other expression, but rather the performance of certain kinds of acts, such as making statements, asking questions, giving orders, describing, explaining, apologizing, thanking, congratulating, etc. Characteristically, a speaker performs one or more of these acts by uttering a sentence or sentences; but the act itself is not to be confused with a sentence or other expression uttered in its performance. Such types of acts as those exemplified above are called, following Austin, illocutionary acts, and they are standardly contrasted in the literature with certain other types of acts such as perlocutionary acts and propositional acts. Perlocutionary acts have to do with those effects which our utterances have on hearers which go beyond the hearer's understanding of the utterance. Such acts as convincing, persuading, annoying, amusing, and frightening are all cases of perlocutionary acts.

Pragmatic Markers in Oral Narrative

Author : Montserrat González
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9027295301
Total Pages : 427 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

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Book Synopsis Pragmatic Markers in Oral Narrative by : Montserrat González

Download or read book Pragmatic Markers in Oral Narrative written by Montserrat González and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2004-08-31 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the multifunctional nature of pragmatic discourse markers in English and Catalan oral narratives from the point of view of text linguistics and contrastive analysis. It is argued that English and Catalan markers are distributed and operate differently at four different levels in the varied discourse structures of the text, i.e. at the ideational, the rhetorical, the sequential, and the inferential levels. The results confirm the distinctions in functional-systemic levels, and indicate that the nature of the two languages has a direct influence on the presence and nature of markers in the texts. The study is built up on a corpus of English and Catalan elicited narratives of native speakers, adopting the sociolinguistic Labovian framework adapted to the situation of educated adults. The study results in a better understanding of the contribution of pragmatic markers to the organization and the interpretation of oral texts, bringing insights from relevance and cognitive approaches to text structure, and moving from descriptive to theoretical levels of analysis and discussion.

Approaches to Grammaticalization

Author : Elizabeth Closs Traugott
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9027228957
Total Pages : 373 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

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Book Synopsis Approaches to Grammaticalization by : Elizabeth Closs Traugott

Download or read book Approaches to Grammaticalization written by Elizabeth Closs Traugott and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1991-01-01 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of grammaticalization raises a number of fundamental theoretical issues pertaining to the relation of langue and parole, creativity and automatic coding, synchrony and diachrony, categoriality and continua, typological characteristics and language-specific forms, etc., and therefore challenges some of the basic tenets of twentieth century linguistics.This two-volume work presents a number of diverse theoretical viewpoints on grammaticalization and gives insights into the genesis, development, and organization of grammatical categories in a number of language world-wide, with particular attention to morphosyntactic and semantic-pragmatic issues. The papers in Volume I are divided into two sections, the first concerned with general method, and the second with issues of directionality. Those in Volume II are divided into five sections: verbal structure, argument structure, subordination, modality, and multiple paths of grammaticalization.

Pragmatic Markers and Propositional Attitude

Author : Gisle Andersen
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9027283745
Total Pages : 279 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

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Book Synopsis Pragmatic Markers and Propositional Attitude by : Gisle Andersen

Download or read book Pragmatic Markers and Propositional Attitude written by Gisle Andersen and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2000-07-15 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In interactive discourse we not only express propositions, but we also express different attitudes to them. That is, we communicate how our mind entertains those propositions that we express. A speaker is able to express an attitude of belief, desire, hope, doubt, fear, regret or pretence that a given proposition represents a true state of affairs. This collection of papers explores the contribution of particles and other uninflected mood-indicating function words to the expression of propositional attitude in the broad sense. Some languages employ this type of attitude-marking device extensively, even for the expression of basic moods and basic speech act categories, other languages use such markers sparsely and always in interaction with syntactic form. Both types of language are examined in this volume, which includes studies of attitudinal markers in Amharic, English, Gascon, Occitan, German, Greek, Hausa, Hungarian, Japanese, Norwegian and Swahili. The theoretical emphasis is on issues such as interpretive vs. descriptive use of utterances or utterance parts, procedural semantics, linguistic underdetermination of the proposition expressed and the speaker’s communicated attitude to it, higher-level explicatures in the relevance-theoretic sense, the explicit — implicit distinction, as well as processes of grammaticalization and negotiation of propositional attitude in spoken interaction.

Pragmatic Markers, Discourse Markers and Modal Particles

Author : Chiara Fedriani
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 9027265496
Total Pages : 504 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

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Book Synopsis Pragmatic Markers, Discourse Markers and Modal Particles by : Chiara Fedriani

Download or read book Pragmatic Markers, Discourse Markers and Modal Particles written by Chiara Fedriani and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2017-11-15 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers new perspectives into the description of the form, meaning and function of Pragmatic Markers, Discourse Markers and Modal Particles in a number of different languages, along with new methods for identifying their ‘prototypical’ instances in situated language contexts, often based on cross-linguistic comparisons. The papers collected in this volume also discuss different factors at play in processes of grammaticalization and pragmaticalization, which include contact-induced change and pragmatic borrowing, socio-interactional functional pressures and sociopragmatic indexicalities, constraints of cognitive processing, together with regularities in semantic change. Putting the traditional issues concerning the status, delimitation and categorization of Pragmatic Markers, Discourse Markers and Modal Particles somewhat off the stage, the eighteen articles collected in this volume deal instead with general questions concerning the development and use of such procedural elements, explored from different approaches, both formal and functional, and from a variety of perspectives – including corpus-based, sociolinguistic, and contrastive perspectives – and offering language-specific synchronic and diachronic studies.

Pragmatic Markers and Peripheries

Author : Daniël Van Olmen
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 9027259089
Total Pages : 460 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

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Book Synopsis Pragmatic Markers and Peripheries by : Daniël Van Olmen

Download or read book Pragmatic Markers and Peripheries written by Daniël Van Olmen and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2021-10-15 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The relation between pragmatic markers and the peripheries of clauses, utterances and/or turns has been a topic of linguistic interest for the last few decades. Many issues continue to be debated, however, such as “how should the notion of periphery be defined?”, “to what extent do pragmatic markers in the left versus the right periphery fulfill different functions?” and “which factors determine the order of multiple pragmatic markers in a periphery?”. This volume brings together a number of studies addressing these and other questions. It presents new data from a diverse range of languages – including less researched ones in this context like Ainu, Latvian and Lithuanian – and on a variety of types of pragmatic marker – including emoji. The volume as a whole offers new insights into, among other things, the subjectivity intersubjectivity peripheries hypothesis, the idea of left-to-right movement and the matrix clauses hypothesis.

Discourse-Pragmatic Variation and Change

Author : Elizabeth Peterson
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108836208
Total Pages : 361 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (88 download)

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Book Synopsis Discourse-Pragmatic Variation and Change by : Elizabeth Peterson

Download or read book Discourse-Pragmatic Variation and Change written by Elizabeth Peterson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-07-28 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book highlights the expansion of discourse-pragmatic variation and change, especially under-studied variables and languages.

The Evolution of Pragmatic Markers in English

Author : Laurel J. Brinton
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107129052
Total Pages : 347 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis The Evolution of Pragmatic Markers in English by : Laurel J. Brinton

Download or read book The Evolution of Pragmatic Markers in English written by Laurel J. Brinton and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-08-31 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a detailed diachronic study of a set of English pragmatic markers, providing insights concerning their syntactic and semantic development.

Language and Meaning in the Age of Modernism

Author : James McElvenny
Publisher : Edinburgh University Press
ISBN 13 : 1474425046
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (744 download)

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Book Synopsis Language and Meaning in the Age of Modernism by : James McElvenny

Download or read book Language and Meaning in the Age of Modernism written by James McElvenny and published by Edinburgh University Press. This book was released on 2018-01-09 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the influential currents in the philosophy of language and linguistics of the first half of the twentieth century, from the perspective of the English scholar C. K. Ogden (1889 - 1957). It reveals links between early analytic philosophy, semiotics and linguistics in a crucial period of their respective histories.

Relevance, Pragmatics and Interpretation

Author : Kate Scott
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108418635
Total Pages : 327 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Relevance, Pragmatics and Interpretation by : Kate Scott

Download or read book Relevance, Pragmatics and Interpretation written by Kate Scott and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-07-18 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Showcases recent research by leading scholars working within the relevance-theoretic pragmatics framework.

Studies in the History of the English Language

Author : Donka Minkova
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
ISBN 13 : 3110197146
Total Pages : 505 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Studies in the History of the English Language by : Donka Minkova

Download or read book Studies in the History of the English Language written by Donka Minkova and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2008-08-22 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 19 papers in this volume are a selection from a UCLA conference intended to take stock of the state of the field at the beginning of the new millenium and to stimulate research in English Historical Linguistics. The authors are predominantly U.S. scholars. The fields represented include morphosyntax and semantics, grammaticalization, discourse analysis, dialectology, lexicography, the diachronic study of code-switching, phonology and metrics.

Conditionals and Prediction

Author : Barbara Dancygier
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139425501
Total Pages : 228 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Conditionals and Prediction by : Barbara Dancygier

Download or read book Conditionals and Prediction written by Barbara Dancygier and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1999-01-13 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a new and in-depth analysis of English conditional sentences. In a wide-ranging discussion, Dancygier classifies conditional constructions according to time-reference and modality. She shows how the basic meaning parameters of conditionality correlate to formal parameters of the linguistic constructions which are used to express them. Dancygier suggests that the function of prediction is central to the definition of conditionality, and that conditional sentences display certain formal features which correlate to aspects of interpretation. Although the analysis is based primarily on English, it provides a theoretical framework that can be extended cross-linguistically to a broad range of grammatical phenomena. It will be essential reading for scholars and students concerned with the role of conditionals in English and many other languages.