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Forward Air Controllers 1985 1995
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Book Synopsis Forward Air Controllers, 1985-1995 by : Department of the Air Force (Washington, D.C.)
Download or read book Forward Air Controllers, 1985-1995 written by Department of the Air Force (Washington, D.C.) and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper reviews the historical use of Forward Air Controllers (FACs), and examines the air and ground FAC's abilities to function in the threat environments of today and 1995. Two major assumptions were made: Close Air Support (CAS) will continue to be an integral part of tactical air support. The requirement for closely coordinated joint Army/Air Force operations will increase as the Army comes on-line with lighter combat units, greater numbers of sophisticated attack helicopters, and moves toward a doctrine which places increased emphasis on maneuver.
Book Synopsis The Airborne Forward Air Controller by : John W. Ellis
Download or read book The Airborne Forward Air Controller written by John W. Ellis and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Mosquitoes to Wolves: the Evolution of the Airborne Forward Air Controller - FACs Emerge in the Korean War with Mosquito Operations, Use in Close Air Support in the Vietnam War with F-100 Aircraft by : Air University Press
Download or read book Mosquitoes to Wolves: the Evolution of the Airborne Forward Air Controller - FACs Emerge in the Korean War with Mosquito Operations, Use in Close Air Support in the Vietnam War with F-100 Aircraft written by Air University Press and published by . This book was released on 2017-09-11 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comparable to twentieth century cavalry, early forward air controllers (FAC) probed, observed, and reported enemy activity. Flying rickety, underpowered, and unarmed aircraft, they operated on the leading edge of ground combat. The efficient use of airborne FACs never developed in a meaningful way in World War II, with the possible exception of their use in Marine amphibious operations in the Pacific. But the rugged terrain of Korea and the jungle mazes of Vietnam restricted the capabilities of ground controllers to identify targets, thus expanding the need for "eyes in the air." FAC roles changed from those of probing, observing, and reporting, to those of locating targets, marking them for air strikes, and taking an active role in their destruction. This expanded mission resulted in the inevitable evolution of FAC equipment and responsibilities.Interservice differences regarding the definition of close air support (CAS) caused controversies which clouded ground-support operations in both Korea and Vietnam. The Navy and the Marines saw CAS as the primary mission for airpower. The Air Force and the Army saw CAS as the last priority, to be employed after air superiority has been gained and maintained, supplies have been interdicted, and the enemy's infrastructure has been damaged.Contents * PREFACE * 1 EVOLUTION OF CLOSE AIR SUPPORT * World War I * Between the Wars * The American Experience, 1918-42 * World War II * Notes * 2 CLOSE AIR SUPPORT DOCTRINE * Early Navy-Marine Close Air Support * Close Air Support in Korea * Air Force Philosophy in Korea * Navy/Marine Air in Vietnam * Notes * 3 KOREA: FORWARD AIR CONTROLLERS EMERGE * The Fight for Air Superiority * Phase One--Retreat to Pusan * Phase Two--Advance to the Yalu * Phase Three--Second Retreat * Phase Four--Main Line of Resistance Stabilized * Phase Five--Air Pressure for Peace * A Substitute for Artillery * Close Air Support in Korea * The Extemporized Air War * The Need for Airborne FACs * Command and Control Support * 6132d Tactical Air Control Group * 6147th Squadron Organized * Immediate Air Requests * Mosquitoes Assigned to Divisions * Mosquito Mission Expands * The 502d Tactical Control Group * Notes * 4 MOSQUITO OPERATIONS IN KOREA * The Role of the Mosquito * Forward Air Controller Equipment * Visual Reconnaissance * The Tactical Air Control System * Mosquito Mellow * Strike Control Procedures * Problems Encountered * Forward Air Controller Training * Notes * 5 KOREA: THE STAGNANT WAR * The Argument for Interdiction * CAS along a Stabilized Front * Radar-Controlled Air Strikes * Communications Upgrades * T-6 Upgrades * Operation Thunderbolt * Operation Ripper * Communist Losses in the First Year * Strategy Changes * Pathfinder Operations * The Truce Ceremony * 6147th TCG Deactivated * Joint Air-Ground Doctrine * Post Korea * Notes * 6 VIETNAM: THE ADVISORY YEARS * Wars of National Liberation * Developing the Counterinsurgency Force * Farm Gate * Command Structure * Air Operations in 1962 * Air Operations in 1963 * Air Operations in 1964 * The Gulf of Tonkin * New Demands * Notes . * 7 VIETNAM: SLOW FAC OPERATIONS * FACs Come of Age * FAC Aircraft * Personnel Requirements * Seventh Air Force * 504th Tactical Air Support Group * Increased Manning Requirements * Qualifications * Rules of Engagement * Locating the Enemy * Visual Reconnaissance Process * In-Country Operations, 1965-72 * Employing the FAC Force * Navy Participation * The Battle of Khe Sanh * The Tet Offensive * Cleared in Wet! * Notes * 8 EXPANDING MISSIONS * Night Operations * Air Operations in Laos * USAF Controllers in Cambodia * Notes . * 9 THE FAST FORWARD AIR CONTROLLERS * Out-Country Operations, 1964-65 * Commando Sabre * F-4 "Phantom" FACs * Notes * 10 VIETNAMIZATION AND AMERICAN WITHDRAWAL * Vietnamization and Close Air Support * The South Vietnamese Air Force * Cambodia * Lam Son 719 * Interdiction in Route Packages I and II * The 1972 Spring Offensive * Linebacker * Notes
Book Synopsis History of the Airborne Forward Air Controller (FAC), Mosquito Aircraft, Joint Air Tasking Doctrine, World War I and II, Korea, Vietnam War, Marine Corps, Kosovo, War on Terror, A-10, F-16, F-14, F-18 by : U. S. Military
Download or read book History of the Airborne Forward Air Controller (FAC), Mosquito Aircraft, Joint Air Tasking Doctrine, World War I and II, Korea, Vietnam War, Marine Corps, Kosovo, War on Terror, A-10, F-16, F-14, F-18 written by U. S. Military and published by . This book was released on 2017-05-07 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two excellent reports provide an excellent history of the FAC: The History of the Airborne Forward Air Controller and Rebuilding the Joint Airborne Forward Air Controller: Analyzing Joint Air Tasking Doctrine's Ability to Facilitate Effective Air-Ground Integration. The US Department of Defense predicts that ground forces of the future will wage tomorrow's wars by replacing large numbers of personnel and organic firepower for advanced technology and superior maneuverability. Those forces must be prepared to face an unconventional enemy who will operate in small, lethal units interspersed with the civilian population rather than facing coalition forces with massed formations. This scenario of blurred lines of battle and difficulty determining friend from foe resembles very closely what the US military faced in Vietnam. This paper will address the successes and failures of United States airborne forward air controllers (FACs), particularly in Vietnam, and whether combat lessons learned were passed from service to service or historically from conflict to conflict. The FAC mission has not significantly changed since the end of the Vietnam War, and a thorough study of operational and tactical lessons learned by those aircrew will significantly enhance today's FACs ability to find and destroy dispersed enemy forces in a wide array of environments. CHAPTER 1 - AIRBORNE FACs AT WAR * Airborne Observer History * World War I: The Birth of a Concept * The Interwar Years * World War II: Lessons Learned and Forgotten * Korea: Mosquitoes Take Flight * CHAPTER 2 - THE ADVISORY YEARS * US Air Force Counterinsurgency Operations * Farm Gate * O-1 Birddog * CHAPTER 3 - THE SLOW-FAC AIR WAR * FAC Aircraft in Vietnam * USAF FAC Involvement in Vietnam * US Navy FAC Involvement * US Marine Corps FAC Involvement * FAC Operations 1965-1970 * Out-of-Country Operations * Visual Reconnaissance * CHAPTER 4 - THE FAST-FAC AIR WAR * US Marine Corps Fast-FAC: F9F Panther and OA-4 Skyhawk * Operation Commando Sabre: The Misty FAC * Stormy, Wolf, Tiger, and Night Owl: Phantom FACs * Vietnam Lessons Forgotten * CHAPTER 5 - BEYOND VIETNAM: THE DEATH OF LARGE-SCALE AIRBORNE FAC * Marine Corps FACs After Vietnam * New FACs Emerge: Air Force A-10 and F-16 * New FACs Emerge: Navy F-14 and F-18F * Special Operations Forward Air Control * The Next Test: Kosovo 1998 * The Global War On Terror * Where Do We Go From Here? * The Mission of Forward Air Control * The People of Forward Air Control * The Aircraft of Forward Air Control * Conclusion * BIBLIOGRAPHY Book Two: Lessons learned from Operation Anaconda point to deficiencies in current joint FAC(A) air-ground integration. The primary purpose of this thesis is to determine if current joint air tasking doctrine allows the FAC(A) to effectively integrate into supported ground operations. This study examines potential modifications to joint air tasking doctrine that will allow FAC(A)s to integrate with their supported ground units more effectively. Based on this study, there are two primary methods to successfully integrate the FAC(A) into supported ground operations. The first method is through detailed pre-mission coordination, currently called for in joint doctrine. Consequently, this analysis compares the integration opportunities available in current joint air tasking doctrine to the established requirement for effective FAC(A) integration to determine if current joint air tasking doctrine facilitates effective air-ground integration. Consequently, the analysis also compares current joint air tasking doctrine to the successful models illustrated in the Vietnam War TASS system and the USMC MAGTF to identify potential avenues for improved FAC(A) integration. Finally, the study recommends modifications to joint air tasking doctrine to help improve FAC(A) integration.
Book Synopsis Forward air controller handbook by :
Download or read book Forward air controller handbook written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Mosquitoes to Wolves by : Gary Robert Lester
Download or read book Mosquitoes to Wolves written by Gary Robert Lester and published by University Press of the Pacific. This book was released on 2002-02-01 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comparable to twentieth century cavalry, early forward air controllers (FAC) probed, observed, and reported enemy activity. Flying rickety, underpowered, and unarmed aircraft, they operated on the leading edge of ground combat. The efficient use of airborne FACs never developed in a meaningful way in World War II, with the possible exception of their use in Marine amphibious operations in the Pacific. But the rugged terrain of Korea and the jungle mazes of Vietnam restricted the capabilities of ground controllers to identify targets, thus expanding the need for "eyes in the air." FAC roles changed from those of probing, observing, and reporting, to those of locating targets, marking them for air strikes, and taking an active role in their destruction. This expanded mission resulted in the inevitable evolution of FAC equipment and responsibilities.
Book Synopsis History of the Forward Air Controller (USAF) by : Charles R. Dougherty
Download or read book History of the Forward Air Controller (USAF) written by Charles R. Dougherty and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Airborne Forward Air Controller: Past Accomplishments and Future Opportunities by :
Download or read book The Airborne Forward Air Controller: Past Accomplishments and Future Opportunities written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis USAF Air Controllers from World War II to Today by :
Download or read book USAF Air Controllers from World War II to Today written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study analyzes the United States Air Force's current employment effectiveness of tactical air. Specifically, it addresses the necessity of the forward air controller in this day of high technology weaponry, and it focuses on the efficiency of the human aspect of the tactical air control party (TACP). The study draws relevance from reviewing historical lessons from the interwar years, World War II, Korean War, evolution of the combat control team (CCT) and the Vietnam War. Historically, joint doctrinal development and execution in regard to tactical air has been a real problem. Also, command and control (C2), (joint) training, equipment, and morale have also been a problem. By illustrating these problems of the past and the solutions that were devised, the author is then able to evaluate the current status of the TACP effectiveness. The author concludes quickly that the TACP is effective today as demonstrated in the last two conflicts that utilized the TACP and CCT quite extensively. However, this study definitely shows that there are a lot of deficiencies in the TACP system today, many are along the same lines of historical problem areas -- doctrine execution, C2, training, and equipment. This study makes six recommendations to correct these deficiencies: emphasize and follow current doctrine for manning, equipping, and training; exercise and train the C2 of the tactical air control system regularly, make the TACP a weapon system, create an officer non-rated career air liaison officer, perform more joint training, and continue the TACP - Modernization program. These recommendations especially training and the creation of a career ALO could really provide the continuity that the TACP will need in the future. The thesis asserts that correcting these deficiencies will make the TACP efficient thus directly impacting combat effectiveness in a positive way. Finally, the thesis concludes that in the future the forward air controller will be relied upon more than ever, and if he is to employ effectively in the future these deficient areas must be corrected.
Download or read book Hit My Smoke! written by Jan Churchill and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Peacetime Forward Air Controller's Role in the Tactical Air Control System by : John E. Jacobs
Download or read book Peacetime Forward Air Controller's Role in the Tactical Air Control System written by John E. Jacobs and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Brothers in Berets by : Forrest L. Marion
Download or read book Brothers in Berets written by Forrest L. Marion and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Air Force Special Operations Command (AFSOC) special tactics community is a small, tight-knit brotherhood of proficient and committed warriors, consisting of special tactics officers and combat controllers, combat rescue officers and pararescuemen, and officer and enlisted special operations weathermen. These warriors have consistently proven themselves to be an invaluable force multiplier throughout history in conflicts around the world. This is their story.--Provided by publisher.
Book Synopsis The Evolution of the Airborne Forward Air Controller by : James A. Farmer
Download or read book The Evolution of the Airborne Forward Air Controller written by James A. Farmer and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An assessment of the role of the airborne forward air controller (FAC) in the Korean conflict--organization, tactics, equipment, and operational procedures. The function for which the airborne FAC was initially conceived was strike control. To this was soon added the responsibility for performing visual reconnaissance over the entire front line and for calling for strike aircraft for immediate close air support. With these three functions--strike control, visual reconnaissance, and strike aircraft procurement--the airborne FAC became the focal point of the TACS. The organization, tactics, and operational procedures developed 'under fire and in crisis' in Korea failed to survive after the war. The stature of the airborne FAC in Air Force doctrine and attitudes did not change from 1946 until 1966, when the operation had to be 'reinvented' in Vietnam. (Author).
Book Synopsis Jet Forward Air Controllers in SEAsia (U) by : John Schlight
Download or read book Jet Forward Air Controllers in SEAsia (U) written by John Schlight and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This report outlines the evolution of the jet Forward Air Controllers (FACs) from their initial experimental flight in mid-1967 to their expansion in the Strike Control and Reconnaissance (SCAR) role two years later. Although usually called Forward Air Controllers, the term "jet FACs" will be used throughout this document to distinguish this mission from that of the slow-moving FAC/SCARs flying 0-1, 0-2A, and OV-10 aircraft"--Foreword.
Book Synopsis Evaluation of a Device to Train Forward Air Controllers to Communicate Target Locations by :
Download or read book Evaluation of a Device to Train Forward Air Controllers to Communicate Target Locations written by and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The report describes the development and evaluation of a forward air controller (FAC) and tactical strike pilot (TAC) trainer. The trainer was designed to permit a FAC and a TAC to practice the tasks of communicating the location of targets. A previous analysis of communications between FAC and TAC personnel during actual combat had revealed that the task of verbalizing imagery (describing what one is seeing) was especially difficult and important to the success of the FAC/TAC mission. Subjects for the evaluation consisted of 35 Air Force pilots selected to be trained as forward air controllers at Hurlburt Field, Florida.
Book Synopsis Operations Forward Air Controller Handbook by :
Download or read book Operations Forward Air Controller Handbook written by and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Parameters written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
