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Author : Veronica Ruth Blackwell
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 354 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Formation Processes of Clathrate Hydrates of Carbon Dioxide and Methane written by Veronica Ruth Blackwell and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : E. Dendy Sloan, Jr.
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780824799373
Total Pages : 736 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (993 download)
Download or read book Clathrate Hydrates of Natural Gases, Second Edition, Revised and Expanded written by E. Dendy Sloan, Jr. and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1998-01-05 with total page 736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Striking a balance between theoretical and experimental perspectives, this book presents a historical overview of clathrate hydrates and examines future trends, reviews crystal structures and properties, reveals industrial applications of clathrate hydrates in the production and processing of natural gas, discusses hydrate kinetics and elucidates the current status of hydrate time dependence, analyzes time-independent phase equilibria, and more. With nearly 300 tables and illustrations, the book is a practical guide for chemical, design, process, petroleum, and mechanical engineers; chemists and geochemists; geologists; geophysicists; and graduate-level students in these disciplines.
Author : E. Dendy Sloan Jr.
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1420008498
Total Pages : 752 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)
Download or read book Clathrate Hydrates of Natural Gases written by E. Dendy Sloan Jr. and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-09-07 with total page 752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydrate research has expanded substantially over the past decade, resulting in more than 4,000 hydrate-related publications. Collating this vast amount of information into one source, Clathrate Hydrates of Natural Gases, Third Edition presents a thoroughly updated, authoritative, and comprehensive description of all major aspects of natural gas cla
Author : Juwon Lee
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (115 download)
Download or read book Clathrate Hydrates written by Juwon Lee and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The clathrate hydrates represent a distinctive, unusual, scientifically significant, and practically important class of solid state materials. Since their discovery in the early nineteenth century, their widespread distribution in oceans and permafrost regions and their ability to trap atoms and small molecules-particularly methane and other small hydrocarbons-has led to the realization that they are simultaneously a tremendous energy source and, in the face of global warming, a potential greenhouse gas release disaster of unprecedented magnitude just waiting to happen. In the twentieth century, it was realized that solid methane clathrate hydrate could plug natural gas pipelines and disrupt oil drilling processes. On the environmental positive side, clathrate hydrates can store hydrogen and sequester carbon dioxide. A brief historical review of the formation, structure, and uses of clathrate hydrates forms the backdrop for a discussion of modern scientific investigations of these solids employing spectroscopy, structure determination methods, isotopic studies, computational-theoretical modeling, and interrogations of guest-host interactions via special guests. For example, the use of coloured halogens in clathrate hydrate hosts enables UV-visible spectroscopic methods to be employed to study clathrate hydrate structure.
Download or read book Investigating the Metastability of Clathrate Hydrates for Energy Storage written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Important breakthrough discoveries have been achieved from the DOE award on the key processes controlling the synthesis and structure-property relations of clathrate hydrates, which are critical to the development of clathrate hydrates as energy storage materials. Key achievements include: (i) the discovery of key clathrate hydrate building blocks (stable and metastable) leading to clathrate hydrate nucleation and growth; (ii) development of a rapid clathrate hydrate synthesis route via a seeding mechanism; (iii) synthesis-structure relations of H2 + CH4/CO2 binary hydrates to control thermodynamic requirements for energy storage and sequestration applications; (iv) discovery of a new metastable phase present during clathrate hydrate structural transitions. The success of our research to-date is demonstrated by the significant papers we have published in high impact journals, including Science, Angewandte Chemie, J. Am. Chem. Soc. Intellectual Merits of Project Accomplishments: The intellectual merits of the project accomplishments are significant and transformative, in which the fundamental coupled computational and experimental program has provided new and critical understanding on the key processes controlling the nucleation, growth, and thermodynamics of clathrate hydrates containing hydrogen, methane, carbon dioxide, and other guest molecules for energy storage. Key examples of the intellectual merits of the accomplishments include: the first discovery of the nucleation pathways and dominant stable and metastable structures leading to clathrate hydrate formation; the discovery and experimental confirmation of new metastable clathrate hydrate structures; the development of new synthesis methods for controlling clathrate hydrate formation and enclathration of molecular hydrogen. Broader Impacts of Project Accomplishments: The molecular investigations performed in this project on the synthesis (nucleation & growth)-structure-stability relations of clathrate hydrate systems are pivotal in the fundamental understanding of crystalline clathrate hydrates and the discovery of new clathrate hydrate properties and novel materials for a broad spectrum of energy applications, including: energy storage (hydrogen, natural gas); carbon dioxide sequestration; controlling hydrate formation in oil/gas transportation in subsea pipelines. The Project has also enabled the training of undergraduate, graduate and postdoctoral students in computational methods, molecular spectroscopy and diffraction, and measurement methods at extreme conditions of high pressure and low temperature.
Author : S. Lombardi
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402044712
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)
Download or read book Advances in the Geological Storage of Carbon Dioxide written by S. Lombardi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-01-02 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As is now generally accepted mankind’s burning of fossil fuels has resulted in the mass transfer of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere, a modification of the delicately-balanced global carbon cycle, and a measurable change in world-wide temperatures and climate. Although not the most powerful greenhouse gas, carbon dioxide (CO) drives climate 2 change due to the enormous volumes of this gas pumped into the atmosphere every day. Produced in almost equal parts by the transportation, industrial and energy-generating sectors, atmospheric CO concentrations have 2 increased by about 50% over the last 300 years, and according to some sources are predicted to increase by up to 200% over pre-industrial levels during the next 100 years. If we are to reverse this trend, in order to prevent significant environmental change in the future, action must be taken immediately. While reduced use of fossil fuels (through conservation, increased efficiency and expanded use of renewable energy sources) must be our ultimate goal, short to medium term solutions are needed which can make an impact today. Various types of CO storage techniques have been proposed to fill this 2 need, with the injection of this gas into deep geological reservoirs being one of the most promising. For example this approach has the potential to become a closed loop system, whereby underground energy resources are brought to surface, their energy extracted (via burning or hydrogen extraction), and the resulting by-products returned to the subsurface.
Author : Daniel Broseta
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1848219695
Total Pages : 309 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (482 download)
Download or read book Gas Hydrates 1 written by Daniel Broseta and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-08-07 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gas hydrates, or clathrate hydrates, are crystalline solids resembling ice, in which small (guest) molecules, typically gases, are trapped inside cavities formed by hydrogen-bonded water (host) molecules. They form and remain stable under low temperatures – often well below ambient conditions – and high pressures ranging from a few bar to hundreds of bar, depending on the guest molecule. Their presence is ubiquitous on Earth, in deep-marine sediments and in permafrost regions, as well as in outer space, on planets or comets. In addition to water, they can be synthesized with organic species as host molecules, resulting in milder stability conditions: these are referred to as semi-clathrate hydrates. Clathrate and semi-clathrate hydrates are being considered for applications as diverse as gas storage and separation, cold storage and transport and water treatment. This book is the first of two edited volumes, with chapters on the experimental and modeling tools used for characterizing and predicting the unique molecular, thermodynamic and kinetic properties of gas hydrates (Volume 1) and on gas hydrates in their natural environment and for potential industrial applications (Volume 2).
Author : Joseph Gamal Nessim Costandy
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (958 download)
Download or read book Prediction of the Three-Phase Coexistence Conditions of Pure Methane and Carbon Dioxide Hydrates Using Molecular Dynamics Simulations written by Joseph Gamal Nessim Costandy and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clathrate hydrates are solid crystals that consist of three-dimensional networks of hydrogen-bonded water molecules forming well-defined cages within which small "guest" molecules are needed in order to stabilize the structures. More than 130 different molecules can form hydrates when mixed with water at relatively low temperatures and high pressures, including methane, ethane, propane, iso-butane, carbon dioxide, nitrogen and hydrogen. The accurate prediction of thermodynamic properties of clathrate hydrates has gained much attention due to the relevance of clathrate hydrates to many industrial applications. For example, hydrates play a major role in the problem of flow assurance in the oil and gas industry. They are also being considered for use in gas transport and separation applications. In addition, the existence of methane hydrates in large quantities in nature makes them a potential energy source. In this work, Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations have been used in order to determine the Hydrate - Liquid water - Guest coexistence line for methane and carbon dioxide hydrates. The direct phase coexistence method was used where slabs of the three constituent phases were separately equilibrated and then brought in contact at the conditions under investigation. In order to account for the stochastic nature of the hydrate growth and dissociation processes, many long, independent simulations at different conditions of temperature and pressure were conducted while avoiding bubble formation phenomena. This allowed for performing a statistical averaging of the results to identify the three-phase coexistence temperature at different pressures. Also, the erroneous use of dispersion tail corrections was investigated. For methane hydrates, where the Lorentz-Berthelot combining rules for the two force fields used gave accurate predictions for the solubility of methane in the aqueous phase, this approach yielded predictions that are in good agreement with experimental data. A correction to the Lorentz-Berthelot cross-interaction energy parameter was applied in the case of carbon dioxide hydrates to obtain accurate predictions of the solubility of carbon dioxide in the aqueous phase, which in turn resulted in equally accurate and consistent predictions of the three-phase coexistence temperature. Therefore, it was shown that both the water-water and water-guest interactions play an important role in the application of this methodology to the study of clathrate hydrate systems. For systems where the water-guest interactions can accurately predict guest solubility in water, the predictions of the three-phase coexistence are as accurate as the water force field used to predict the melting of ice. It was also shown that the methodology cannot be directly applied to low pressures for carbon dioxide hydrates, where a liquid-like layer of carbon dioxide is adsorbed at the water surface. Several possible causes for this deficiency are suggested, including the possible effect of box anisotropy and box size fluctuations at low pressures. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155475
Author : Ayhan Demirbas
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1848828721
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (488 download)
Download or read book Methane Gas Hydrate written by Ayhan Demirbas and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-02-28 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gas hydrates represent one of the world’s largest untapped reservoirs of energy and, according to some estimates, have the potential to meet global energy needs for the next thousand years. "Methane Gas Hydrate" examines this potential by focusing on methane gas hydrate, which is increasingly considered a significant source of energy. "Methane Gas Hydrate" gives a general overview of natural gas, before delving into the subject of gas hydrates in more detail and methane gas hydrate in particular. As well as discussing methods of gas production, it also discusses the safety and environmental concerns associated with the presence of natural gas hydrates, ranging from their possible impact on the safety of conventional drilling operations to their influence on Earth’s climate. "Methane Gas Hydrate" is a useful reference on an increasingly popular energy source. It contains valuable information for chemical engineers and researchers, as well as for postgraduate students.
Author : Melissa Prado
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (655 download)
Download or read book Studies of Structure II Propane Clathrate Hydrate written by Melissa Prado and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : John Carroll
Publisher : Gulf Professional Publishing
ISBN 13 : 008057002X
Total Pages : 295 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)
Download or read book Natural Gas Hydrates written by John Carroll and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2009-07-10 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The petroleum industry spends millions of dollars every year to combat the formation of hydrates-the solid, crystalline compounds that form from water and small molecules-that cause problems by plugging transmission lines and damaging equipment. They are a problem in the production, transmission and processing of natural gas, and it is even possible for them to form in the reservoir itself if the conditions are favorable. Natural Gas Hydrates is written for the field engineer working in the natural gas industry. This book explains how, when and where hydrates form, while providing the knowledge necessary to apply remedies in practical applications. New to the second edition, the use of new inhibitors: Kinetic Inhibitors and Anticoagulants and the topic of kinetics of hydrates. How fast do they form? How fast do they melt? New chapters on Hydrates in Nature, hydrates on the seafloor and a new section has also been added regarding the misconceptions about water dew points. Chapters on Hydrate Types and Formers, Computer Methods, Inhibiting Hydrate Formation with Chemicals, Dehydration of Natural Gas and Phase Diagrams Hydrate Dehydration of Natural Gas and Phase Diagrams have been expanded and updated along with the companion website. - Understand what gas hydrates are, how they form and what can be done to combat their formation - Avoid the same problems BP experienced with clogged pipelines - Presents the four most common approaches to evaluate hydrates: heat, depressurization, inhibitor chemicals, and dehydration
Author : Mohammad Reza Rahimpour
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0443192200
Total Pages : 350 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (431 download)
Download or read book Advances in Natural Gas: Formation, Processing, and Applications. Volume 3: Natural Gas Hydrates written by Mohammad Reza Rahimpour and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-02-13 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Natural Gas: Formation, Processing, and Applications. Volume 3: Natural Gas Hydrates comprises an extensive eight-volume series delving into the intricate realms of both the theoretical fundamentals and practical methodologies associated with the various facets of natural gas. Encompassing the entire spectrum from exploration and extraction to synthesis, processing, purification, and the generation of valuable chemicals and energy, these volumes also navigate through the complexities of transportation, storage challenges, hydrate formation, extraction, and prevention. In Volume 3 titled Natural Gas Hydrates, the fundamental aspects of natural gas hydrates, their associated disasters, and case studies are introduced. This book delves into the intricate details of hydrate structures, physio-chemical properties, and thermodynamics, offering a comprehensive understanding. This volume also explores hydrates as an energy source and covers their dissociation methods. A significant focus is placed on the challenges of natural gas hydrates formation in pipelines, accompanied by prevention techniques. Additionally, this book discusses the discovery and extraction of natural gas hydrates from oceans, shedding light on related geophysical indicators. - Introduces characteristics and properties of natural gas hydrates - Describes pipeline natural gas hydrates and prevention methods - Discusses oceanic natural gas hydrates and extraction methods
Author : Nobuo Maeda
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030518744
Total Pages : 197 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (35 download)
Download or read book Nucleation of Gas Hydrates written by Nobuo Maeda and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-08-15 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces readers to experimental techniques of general utility that can be used to practically and reliably determine nucleation rates. It also covers the basics of gas hydrates, phase equilibria, nucleation theory, crystal growth, and interfacial gaseous states. Given its scope, the book will be of interest to graduate students and researchers in the field of hydrate nucleation. The formation of gas hydrates is a first-order phase transition that begins with nucleation. Understanding nucleation is of interest to many working in the chemical and petroleum industry, since nucleation, while beneficial in many chemical processes, is also a concern in terms of flow assurance for oil and natural gas pipelines. A primary difficulty in the investigation of gas hydrate nucleation has been researchers’ inability to determine and compare the nucleation rates of gas hydrates across systems with different scales and levels of complexity, which in turn has limited their ability to study the nucleation process itself. This book introduces readers to experimental techniques that can be used to practically and reliably determine the nucleation rates of gas hydrate systems. It also covers the basics of gas hydrates, phase equilibria, nucleation theory, crystal growth, and interfacial gaseous states. Given its scope, the book will be of interest to graduate students and researchers in the field of hydrate nucleation.
Author : I͡Uriĭ Fedorovich Makogon
Publisher : Pennwell Books
ISBN 13 : 9780878147182
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (471 download)
Download or read book Hydrates of Hydrocarbons written by I͡Uriĭ Fedorovich Makogon and published by Pennwell Books. This book was released on 1997 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydrates of Hydrocarbons is the first book to address methods of hydrate removal and, most importantly, prevention of hydrate build-up. The book provides solutions formulated for drilling, pipeline, and chemical engineers in both the onshore and offshore environments, as well as educators in advanced petroleum and chemical engineering courses. It also offers timely information on the use of hydrate properties in new technologies and the production of gas from natural gas hydrate deposits.
Author : John A. Ripmeester
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527339841
Total Pages : 835 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (273 download)
Download or read book Clathrate Hydrates, 2 Volumes written by John A. Ripmeester and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 835 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clathrate Hydrates All-inclusive reference on clathrate hydrates from a molecular perspective Clathrate hydrates are crystalline water-based inclusion compounds many of which form at high pressures and low temperatures. Molecular science has provided the foundation for many areas of modern hydrate research and applications ranging from desalination processes to flow assurance in oil and gas pipelines. Clathrate Hydrates provides detailed information on the molecular science aspects of hydrate research, covering the structural, compositional, spectroscopic, thermodynamic, and mechanical properties of clathrate hydrates as well as simulation methods and selected engineering applications. Edited and authored by recognized leaders in the field, this comprehensive resource introduces readers to clathrate hydrates and reviews the state-of-the-art of the field. In-depth chapters address different areas of specialization such as characterization of clathrate hydrates using NMR spectroscopy, infrared and Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray and neutron diffraction and scattering. Highlights recent developments in clathrate hydrate research and applications such as natural gas recovery, desalination, and gas separation Reviews various molecular simulation methods for characterizing clathrate hydrates, including quantum mechanical calculations and Monte Carlo results Contains tables of known guest molecules, summaries of structural and physical properties, and different classes of clathrate hydrate phase equilibria Introduces unconventional guest-host interactions, related non-hydrate clathrates, and space-filling cages using the Frank-Kasper approach Covers the molecular motion of guest and host molecules and the relationship between cage geometry and guest dynamics Presents the rate and mechanisms of hydrate formation and decomposition from both macroscopic and microscopic points Clathrate Hydrates: Molecular Science and Characterization is an indispensable reference for materials scientists, physical chemists, chemical engineers, geochemists, and graduate students in relevant areas of science and engineering.
Author : R. G. Barnes
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (51 download)
Download or read book Hydrogen Storage Materials written by R. G. Barnes and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ames Laboratory, Iowa, USA
Author : Daniel Broseta
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119427436
Total Pages : 279 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (194 download)
Download or read book Gas Hydrates 1 written by Daniel Broseta and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-06-29 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gas hydrates, or clathrate hydrates, are crystalline solids resembling ice, in which small (guest) molecules, typically gases, are trapped inside cavities formed by hydrogen-bonded water (host) molecules. They form and remain stable under low temperatures – often well below ambient conditions – and high pressures ranging from a few bar to hundreds of bar, depending on the guest molecule. Their presence is ubiquitous on Earth, in deep-marine sediments and in permafrost regions, as well as in outer space, on planets or comets. In addition to water, they can be synthesized with organic species as host molecules, resulting in milder stability conditions: these are referred to as semi-clathrate hydrates. Clathrate and semi-clathrate hydrates are being considered for applications as diverse as gas storage and separation, cold storage and transport and water treatment. This book is the first of two edited volumes, with chapters on the experimental and modeling tools used for characterizing and predicting the unique molecular, thermodynamic and kinetic properties of gas hydrates (Volume 1) and on gas hydrates in their natural environment and for potential industrial applications (Volume 2).
