Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Download Forest Transitions And Carbon Fluxes full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Forest Transitions And Carbon Fluxes ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Author : Matti Palo
Publisher : Unu World Institute for Development Economics Research
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 196 pages
Book Rating : 4.A/5 ( download)
Download or read book Forest Transitions and Carbon Fluxes written by Matti Palo and published by Unu World Institute for Development Economics Research. This book was released on 1999 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Riccardo Valentini
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3662051710
Total Pages : 285 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (62 download)
Download or read book Fluxes of Carbon, Water and Energy of European Forests written by Riccardo Valentini and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After years of technological development and its important achievements to make our life easier and more comfortable, human society is going to face one of the most difficult challenges of the last century: to stabilize the concentra tion levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere to prevent harmful effects on the climate system. Through a delicate balance between photosynthesis and respiration, terres trial ecosystems, and in particular forests, are today thought to take up a sig nificant part of the carbon dioxide emissions in the atmosphere, sometimes called the "terrestrial carbon sink". However, the location, magnitude, and vulnerability of the carbon dioxide sink of the terrestrial biota are still uncer tain. The suite of traditional tools in an ecologist's toolbox for studying ecosys tem productivity and carbon balance include leaf cuvettes, whole-plant and soil chambers for gas exchange, and biomass and soil carbon inventories. While each of the cited methods has distinct advantages, they are limited with regards to their ability to measure net carbon dioxide exchange of the whole ecosystem across a variety of time scales. This book present a compendium of results of a European project (EURO FLUX), funded by the European Commission through its fourth framework program, aiming to elucidate the role of forests in continental carbon balance.
Author : Thomas Foken
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319493892
Total Pages : 530 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)
Download or read book Energy and Matter Fluxes of a Spruce Forest Ecosystem written by Thomas Foken and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-27 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on fluxes of energy, carbon dioxide and matter in and above a Central European spruce forest. The transition from a forest affected by acid rain into a heterogeneous forest occurred as a result of wind throw, bark beetles and climate change. Scientific results obtained over the last 20 years at the FLUXNET site DE-Bay (Waldstein-Weidenbrunnen) are shown together with methods developed at the site, including the application of footprint models for data-quality analysis, the coupling between the trunk space and the atmosphere, the importance of the Damköhler number for trace gas studies, and the turbulent conditions at a forest edge. In addition to the many experimental studies, the book also applies model studies such as higher-order closure models, Large-Eddy Simulations, and runoff models for the catchment and compares them with the experimental data. Moreover, by highlighting processes in the atmosphere it offers insights into the functioning of the ecosystem as a whole. It is of interest to ecologists, micrometeorologists and ecosystem modelers.
Author : Mark S. Ashton
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 940072232X
Total Pages : 411 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)
Download or read book Managing Forest Carbon in a Changing Climate written by Mark S. Ashton and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-06 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this book is to provide an accessible overview for advanced students, resource professionals such as land managers, and policy makers to acquaint themselves with the established science, management practices and policies that facilitate sequestration and allow for the storage of carbon in forests. The book has value to the reader to better understand: a) carbon science and management of forests and wood products; b) the underlying social mechanisms of deforestation; and c) the policy options in order to formulate a cohesive strategy for implementing forest carbon projects and ultimately reducing emissions from forest land use.
Author : Peter H. Freer-Smith
Publisher : CABI
ISBN 13 : 1845932951
Total Pages : 279 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (459 download)
Download or read book Forestry and Climate Change written by Peter H. Freer-Smith and published by CABI. This book was released on 2007-01-01 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change is one of the greatest challenges we face - both in terms of its potential impact on our societies and the earth, and the scale of international co-operation that is needed to confront it. Emerging as a component of the international dialogue on the environment and climate, the role of forests in influencing earth systems will need to be assessed. Drawing together perspectives from researchers and policy makers, this book explores how forests will interact with the physical and natural world, and with human society as the climate changes. Also considered is how the world's forests can be managed to contribute to the mitigation of climate change and to maximize the full range of economic and non-market benefits. Providing an examination of the science, a detailed consideration of the science policy interface and the international frameworks and conventions, this book is valuable reading for all those interested in sustainable forest management, climate change and the associated environmental sciences.
Author : Thomas R. Karl
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401592659
Total Pages : 343 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (15 download)
Download or read book Weather and Climate Extremes written by Thomas R. Karl and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Are extreme weather events becoming more common? How do extreme weather events impact society? These are critical questions that must be examined as we confront the possibility that the world will experience a change in climate over the next century. Much of the research in climatology over the past decade has focused on potential changes in long- term averages of temperature, precipitation and other factors. However, it is becoming increasingly clear that changes in average values will be accompanied by changes in extreme events. Furthermore, extreme weather events will impact society to a greater extent as people around the world continue to locate in more hazard-prone areas such as coastal zones. This book represents a major step forwards in developing a comprehensive set of information about changes in extreme events by providing a review of the problems in data availability, quality and analysis that make deriving a clear picture of world-wide changes in extreme events so difficult. Audience: The book is intended for policy-makers, professionals, graduate students and others interested in learning how extreme weather events have changed, and how they impact society both now and in the future.
Author : Ken W. Krauss
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 111963928X
Total Pages : 484 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (196 download)
Download or read book Wetland Carbon and Environmental Management written by Ken W. Krauss and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-11-23 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores how the management of wetlands can influence carbon storage and fluxes. Wetlands are vital natural assets, including their ability to take-up atmospheric carbon and restrict subsequent carbon loss to facilitate long-term storage. They can be deliberately managed to provide a natural solution to mitigate climate change, as well as to help offset direct losses of wetlands from various land-use changes and natural drivers. Wetland Carbon and Environmental Management presents a collection of wetland research studies from around the world to demonstrate how environmental management can improve carbon sequestration while enhancing wetland health and function. Volume highlights include: Overview of carbon storage in the landscape Introduction to wetland management practices Comparisons of natural, managed, and converted wetlands Impact of wetland management on carbon storage or loss Techniques for scientific assessment of wetland carbon processes Case studies covering tropical, coastal, inland, and northern wetlands Primer for carbon offset trading programs and how wetlands might contribute The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity.Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals.
Author : Matti Palo
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401009422
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (1 download)
Download or read book World Forests from Deforestation to Transition? written by Matti Palo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses global and subnational issues concerning the world's forests, societies, and environment from an independent and non-governmental point of view. Cooperation on a global scale is not only commendable, it is essential if solutions to the problems facing the world's forests are to be found. To achieve this, modern science needs to draw a clearer picture of relationships between forests, human activity, and the environment, and of the consequences of environmental change for the societies' development and growth. There are several - partly intermingled - evolutionary forest transitions underway: the slow transition from forest area decrease to an increase in the North while deforestation and degradation continues in the South. Although not all deforestation is considered negative, serious social, economic, and environmental costs may be associated with excessive deforestation. Deforestation control is just the first step on the stony path towards sustainable forest management. The forest management transition refers to the shift in the utilization towards managed semi-natural, secondary forests and plantation forests. There are some signs in the North of the forest paradigm shift from sustainable yield to forest ecosystem concepts. How deforestation can be tackled and how these concurrent transitions are effected will have profound implications for the future. These processes involve several challenges with South-North dimensions. A search for an optimum mix of public policies and markets is a global priority both as a forest policy issue and as an inter-sectoral item on the political agenda. Deforestation and transition is discussed here by a team of 14 scientists from both the North and the South. This book offers knowledge, facts, and information about world forests, society, and environment to help us towards equity in our use of the global forest – to create a clearer vision of unasylva.
Author : Melvin G. R. Cannell
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 78 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book Forests and the Global Carbon Cycle in the Past, Present and Future written by Melvin G. R. Cannell and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jeremy Steven Fried
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book Forest Inventory-based Estimation of Carbon Stocks and Flux in California Forests in 1990 written by Jeremy Steven Fried and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Estimates of forest carbon stores and flux for California circa 1990 were modeled from forest inventory data in support of California's legislatively mandated greenhouse gas inventory. Reliable estimates of live-tree carbon stores and flux on timberlands outside of national forest could be calculated from periodic inventory data collected in the 1980s and 1990s; however, estimation of circa 1990 flux on national forests and forests other than timberland was problematic owing to a combination of changing inventory protocols and definitions and the lack of remeasurement data on those land categories. We estimate annual carbon flux on the 7.97 million acres of timberlands outside of national forests (which account for 24 percent of California's forest area and 28 percent of its live tree aboveground biomass) at 2.9 terragrams per year.
Author : Arild Angelsen
Publisher : CIFOR
ISBN 13 : 6028693030
Total Pages : 390 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (286 download)
Download or read book Realising REDD+ written by Arild Angelsen and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 2009-01-01 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: REDD+ must be transformational. REDD+ requires broad institutional and governance reforms, such as tenure, decentralisation, and corruption control. These reforms will enable departures from business as usual, and involve communities and forest users in making and implementing policies that a ect them. Policies must go beyond forestry. REDD+ strategies must include policies outside the forestry sector narrowly de ned, such as agriculture and energy, and better coordinate across sectors to deal with non-forest drivers of deforestation and degradation. Performance-based payments are key, yet limited. Payments based on performance directly incentivise and compensate forest owners and users. But schemes such as payments for environmental services (PES) depend on conditions, such as secure tenure, solid carbon data and transparent governance, that are often lacking and take time to change. This constraint reinforces the need for broad institutional and policy reforms. We must learn from the past. Many approaches to REDD+ now being considered are similar to previous e orts to conserve and better manage forests, often with limited success. Taking on board lessons learned from past experience will improve the prospects of REDD+ e ectiveness. National circumstances and uncertainty must be factored in. Di erent country contexts will create a variety of REDD+ models with di erent institutional and policy mixes. Uncertainties about the shape of the future global REDD+ system, national readiness and political consensus require exibility and a phased approach to REDD+ implementation.
Author : Eugeʹnie Susanne Euskirchen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (538 download)
Download or read book Carbon Fluxes in Managed Forest Landscapes written by Eugeʹnie Susanne Euskirchen and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Pertti Hari
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400756038
Total Pages : 541 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)
Download or read book Physical and Physiological Forest Ecology written by Pertti Hari and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-24 with total page 541 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces a holistic synthesis of carbon and nitrogen fluxes in forest ecosystems from cell to stand level during the lifetime of trees. Establishing that metabolism and physical phenomena give rise to concentration, pressure and temperature differences that generate the material and energy fluxes between living organisms and their environment. The editors and authors utilize physiological, physical and anatomical background information to formulate theoretical ideas dealing with the effects of the environment and the state of enzymes, membrane pumps and pigments on metabolism. The emergent properties play an important role in the transitions from detailed to more aggregate levels in the ecosystem. Conservation of mass and energy allow the construction of dynamic models of carbon and nitrogen fluxes and pools at various levels in the hierarchy of forest ecosystems.
Author : Charlotte Streck
Publisher : Concept Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 9788180696534
Total Pages : 364 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (965 download)
Download or read book Climate Change And Forests: Emerging Policy And Marketopportunities written by Charlotte Streck and published by Concept Publishing Company. This book was released on 2009 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Walter Leal Filho
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9783319959801
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (598 download)
Download or read book Life on Land written by Walter Leal Filho and published by Springer. This book was released on 2020-10-25 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The problems related to the process of industrialisation such as biodiversity depletion, climate change and a worsening of health and living conditions, especially but not only in developing countries, intensify. Therefore, there is an increasing need to search for integrated solutions to make development more sustainable. The United Nations has acknowledged the problem and approved the “2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development”. On 1st January 2016, the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the Agenda officially came into force. These goals cover the three dimensions of sustainable development: economic growth, social inclusion and environmental protection. The Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals comprehensively addresses the SDGs in an integrated way. It encompasses 17 volumes, each one devoted to one of the 17 SDGs. This volume addresses SDG 15, namely "Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss" and contains the description of a range of terms, which allow a better understanding and foster knowledge. Concretely, the defined targets are: Ensure the conservation, restoration and sustainable use of terrestrial and inland freshwater ecosystems and their services, in particular forests, wetlands, mountains and drylands, in line with obligations under international agreements Promote the implementation of sustainable management of all types of forests, halt deforestation, restore degraded forests and substantially increase afforestation and reforestation globally Combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land degradation-neutral world Ensure the conservation of mountain ecosystems, including their biodiversity, in order to enhance their capacity to provide benefits that are essential for sustainable development Take urgent and significant action to reduce the degradation of natural habitats, halt the loss of biodiversity and protect and prevent the extinction of threatened species Promote fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources and promote appropriate access to such resources, as internationally agreed Take urgent action to end poaching and trafficking of protected species of flora and fauna and address both demand and supply of illegal wildlife products Introduce measures to prevent the introduction and significantly Reduce the impact of invasive alien species on land and water ecosystems and control or eradicate the priority species Integrate ecosystem and biodiversity values into national and local planning, development processes, poverty reduction strategies and accounts Mobilize and significantly increase financial resources from all sources to conserve and sustainably use biodiversity and ecosystems Mobilize significant resources from all sources and at all levels to finance sustainable forest management and provide adequate incentives to developing countries to advance such management, including for conservation and reforestation Enhance global support for efforts to combat poaching and trafficking of protected species, including by increasing the capacity of local communities to pursue sustainable livelihood opportunities Editorial Board Alexandra Aragão, Desalegn Yayeh Ayal, Ayansina Ayanlade, Anabela Marisa Azul, Adriana Consorte-McCrea, Muhammad Farooq, Ana Catarina Luz, María P. Martín, Sharif A. Mukul, Nandhivarman Muthu, Robert Russell Monteith Paterson, Isabel Ruiz-Mallén
Author : Joe Wisniewski
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401119821
Total Pages : 677 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (11 download)
Download or read book Terrestrial Biospheric Carbon Fluxes Quantification of Sinks and Sources of CO2 written by Joe Wisniewski and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 677 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Towards the Balance and Management of the Carbon Budget of the Biosphere The current state of misunderstanding of the global C cycle and our failure to resolve an issue that has been debated for 100 years (Jones and Henderson-Sellers, 1990) speaks loudly about the limitations of modem science when faced with the complexity of the biosphere. Efforts to understand and balance the global C budget have gone through several phases. First was a holistic view of the C budget as part of efforts to understand the geochemistry of the Earth (e. g. , Clarke, 1908). Next, came a period of data collection and sythesis which focused on the diversity of sectors of the biosphere. This phase culminated in the early 1970's with the realization that humans were greatly impacting the global C cycle as measured at the Mauna Loa Observatory (Keeling et al. , 1973). New syntheses of the global C budget emerged at this time (Woodwell and Pacan, 1973; Bolin et al. , 1979). The next phase was one of controversy and intense focus on particular sectors of the biosphere. The controversy rested on discrepancies about the role of the terrestrial biota in the global C cycle and the failure to account for sufficient C sinks to absorb all the C emitted by land-use change in the tropics (Woodwell et al. , 1978, 1983; Houghton et al. , 1983).
Author : Kalev Ju00f5giste
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (125 download)
Download or read book Forest Ecosystem Carbon Fluxes After Stand-Replacing Disturbance written by Kalev Ju00f5giste and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A large area of Estonian hemiboreal forest is recovering from clear-cut harvesting and reflecting carbon (C) balance of the stand. Such a stand-replacing disturbance have considerable impact on forest ecosystems carbon dynamics, turning ecosystems from C-sinks into C-sources. Stands may require several years for recovery to C-sink status. For better understanding of net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) we used eddy covariance (EC) method. EC technique gives opportunity to measure NEE in two different aged stands (6- and 8-year old stands), which are located in south-east Estonia, Europe. Studied stands which already were 6- and 8-years old, were acting as a light C-sinks. Mean summertime (June to September) measured NEE of both stands for 2014 was -1.536 u00b5mol m-2 s-1. In June, July, August and September NEE was -4.671, -2.254, -0.739 and -0.236 u00b5mol m-2 s-1, respectively. Measured mean CO2 concentration was 337.75 ppm and mean temperature was 15u00b0 C.Stands had similar patterns of carbon exchange and results showed clear correlation between C fluxes and ecosystem responses to environmental conditions. Weather conditions played a key role in the rapid rise in NEE results. NEE result was driven primarily by early-growing-season temperature and length. Meteorological data confirm ecosystem also depends on climate variability and water vapor.
