Fluorescent Lamp Phosphors

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Author :
Publisher : Penn State University Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Fluorescent Lamp Phosphors by : Keith H. Butler

Download or read book Fluorescent Lamp Phosphors written by Keith H. Butler and published by Penn State University Press. This book was released on 1980 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive treatment of fluorescent lamp phosphors is the first published description of methods for their manufacture. It discusses the various factors controlling the selection of specific phosphors for use in lamps, and is unique in its systematic application of group theory to the problem of explaining the excitation and emission spectra in terms of crystal structure of the host material and the energy levels of the added foreign ions which are the so-called activators responsible for fluorescence. Unusual topics from various specialized fields are included since phosphor science requires a knowledge of several branches of physics, chemistry, and crystallography as well as some aspects of ceramic technology. The basic principles of the theory of atomic spectra, group theory, and the use of character tables for the thirty-two crystallographic point groups are included for convenient reference. The appendix contains essential tables for dealing with the spectra of ions in crystals.

Red Phosphors for Use in High CRI Fluorescent Lamps

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (958 download)

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Book Synopsis Red Phosphors for Use in High CRI Fluorescent Lamps by :

Download or read book Red Phosphors for Use in High CRI Fluorescent Lamps written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Novel red emitting phosphors for use in fluorescent lamps resulting in superior color rendering index values compared to conventional red phosphors. Also disclosed is a fluorescent lamp including a phosphor layer comprising blends of one or more of a blue phosphor, a blue-green phosphor, a green phosphor and a red a phosphor selected from the group consisting of SrY.sub. 2 O.sub. 4 :Eu.sup. 3+, (Y, Gd)Al.sub. 3 B.sub. 4 O.sub. 12 :Eu.sup. 3+, and [(Y.sub. 1-x-y-m La.sub.y)Gd.sub.x]BO.sub. 3 :Eu.sub.m wherein y

Practical Applications of Phosphors

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Author :
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1420043706
Total Pages : 528 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Practical Applications of Phosphors by : William M. Yen

Download or read book Practical Applications of Phosphors written by William M. Yen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-08 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawn from the second edition of the best-selling Phosphor Handbook, Practical Applications of Phosphors outlines methods for the production of various phosphors and discusses a broad spectrum of applications. Beginning with methods for synthesis and related technologies, the book sets the stage by classifying and then explaining practical phosphors according to usage. It describes the operating principle and structure of phosphor devices and the phosphor characteristics required for a given device, then covers the manufacturing processes and characteristics of phosphors. The book discusses research and development currently under way on phosphors with potential for practical usage and touches briefly on phosphors that have played a historical role, but are no longer of practical use. It provides a comprehensive treatment of applications including lamps and cathode-ray tubes, x-ray and ionizing radiation, and for vacuum fluorescent and field emission displays and covers inorganic and organic electroluminescence materials. The book also covers phosphors for plasma displays, organic fluorescent pigments, and phosphors used in a variety of other practical applications. Emphasizing the practical and cutting-edge nature of the material included, the editors round out their coverage with a discussion of solid-state and organic laser materials.

Rare Metal Technology 2015

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Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319481886
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis Rare Metal Technology 2015 by : Neale Neelameggham

Download or read book Rare Metal Technology 2015 written by Neale Neelameggham and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-12-01 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection presents the papers from a symposium on extraction of rare metals as well as rare extraction processing techniques used in metal production. Paper topics include the extraction and processing of elements like antimony, arsenic, calcium, chromium, hafnium, gold, indium, lithium, molybdenum, niobium, rare earth metals, rhenium, scandium, selenium, silver, strontium, tantalum, tellurium, tin, tungsten, vanadium, and zirconium. Rare processing techniques presented include bio leaching, molecular recognition technology, recovery of valuable components of commodity metals such as magnesium from laterite process wastes, titanium from ilmenites, and rare metals from wastes such as phosphors and LCD monitors.

Fluorescent Lighting with Aluminum Nitride Phosphors

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (951 download)

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Book Synopsis Fluorescent Lighting with Aluminum Nitride Phosphors by :

Download or read book Fluorescent Lighting with Aluminum Nitride Phosphors written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A fluorescent lamp includes a glass envelope; at least two electrodes connected to the glass envelope; mercury vapor and an inert gas within the glass envelope; and a phosphor within the glass envelope, wherein the phosphor blend includes aluminum nitride. The phosphor may be a wurtzite (hexagonal) crystalline structure Al.sub.(1-x)M.sub.xN phosphor, where M may be drawn from beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, zinc, scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, ytterbium, bismuth, manganese, silicon, germanium, tin, boron, or gallium is synthesized to include dopants to control its luminescence under ultraviolet excitation. The disclosed Al.sub.(1-x)M.sub.xN:Mn phosphor provides bright orange-red emission, comparable in efficiency and spectrum to that of the standard orange-red phosphor used in fluorescent lighting, Y.sub.2O.sub.3:Eu. Furthermore, it offers excellent lumen maintenance in a fluorescent lamp, and does not utilize "critical rare earths," minimizing sensitivity to fluctuating market prices for the rare earth elements.

Phosphate Phosphors for Solid-State Lighting

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Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642343120
Total Pages : 275 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (423 download)

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Book Synopsis Phosphate Phosphors for Solid-State Lighting by : Kartik N. Shinde

Download or read book Phosphate Phosphors for Solid-State Lighting written by Kartik N. Shinde and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-15 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The idea for this book arose out of the realization that, although excellent surveys and a phosphor handbook are available, there is no single source covering the area of phosphate based phosphors especially for lamp industry. Moreover, as this field gets only limited attention in most general books on luminescence, there is a clear need for a book in which attention is specifically directed toward this rapidly growing field of solid state lighting and its many applications. This book is aimed at providing a sound introduction to the synthesis and optical characterization of phosphate phosphor for undergraduate and graduate students as well as teachers and researchers. The book provides guidance through the multidisciplinary field of solid state lighting specially phosphate phosphors for beginners, scientists and engineers from universities, research organizations, and especially industry. In order to make it useful for a wide audience, both fundamentals and applications are discussed, together.

The Chemistry of Artificial Lighting Devices

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Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080933157
Total Pages : 683 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis The Chemistry of Artificial Lighting Devices by : Richard C. Ropp

Download or read book The Chemistry of Artificial Lighting Devices written by Richard C. Ropp and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 683 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Both the early use of artificial lighting and current manufacturing methods concerning incandescent and fluorescent lamps are covered in this book. The protocols for manufacture of fluorescent lamp phosphors and those used in cathode ray tubes are also treated in some detail. This text surveys the amazing, vast array of artificial lighting devices known to date in terms of how they arose and are, or have been used by mankind. A complete description of the formulations and methodology for manufacturing all known phosphors is given. The book will serve as a repository of such phosphor manufacturing methods, including that of cathode ray tube phosphors. Methods of manufacture of lamp parts are also presented, including that of tungsten wire. The original approaches used are described as well as improvements in technology. These will serve as comparative methods for present day manufacture of these components. A history of the lamp industry is presented. Several methods are given which may serve as a source for further work in the lamp industry. Some of the earliest work has been applied in the laser industry to develop new types of discharge lasers. These include nitrogen-gas lasers and the rare gas (excimer) lasers. Previous work on lamps may also be applied in the development of new types of lasers.

Novel Nanophosphors for High Efficiency Fluorescent Lamps

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (727 download)

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Book Synopsis Novel Nanophosphors for High Efficiency Fluorescent Lamps by :

Download or read book Novel Nanophosphors for High Efficiency Fluorescent Lamps written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the Final Report of the Novel Nanophosphors for High Efficiency Fluorescent Lamps, Department of Energy (DOE). The overall goal of this three-year program is to develop novel hybrid phosphors by coating commercially available lamp phosphors with highly stable wide band-gap nanocrystalline phosphors (NCP). The prime technical approach is the development of NCP quantum-splitting phosphor (QSP) and ultra-violet (UV) emitting phosphors with quantum efficiencies exceeding that of the conventional phosphors at 185 nm. The novel hybrid phosphors will increase the efficiency of the fluorescent lamps by up to 32%, enabling total energy savings of 0.26 quads, the reduction in the U.S. energy bill by $6.5 billion and the reduction of the annual carbon emission by 4.1 billion kilogram. Our work started by investigating through modeling calculations the requirement for the particle size of the NCP. Our work to develop suitable nanocrystalline phosphors started with the known oxide quantum splitting and UV emitting phosphors. We demonstrated several synthesis techniques for the production of high quality nanocrystalline materials that crystallizes in the desired phase and with the desired particle size. In collaboration with our subcontractor we demonstrated the feasibility for the manufacture of NC phosphors. We also demonstrated novel techniques of coating the NCP on the surface of micron sized phosphors. Our chief achievement pertains to the successful testing of the coated hybrid phosphor systems in linear fluorescent lamps. In linear fluorescent lamp tests, we have demonstrated up to 7% increase in the efficacy of hybrid phosphors over the conventional (uncoated) phosphors. We have also demonstrated the improvement in the lumen maintenance of the coated phosphors. A hybrid phosphor system based on the commercial red emitting phosphor, Y2O3:Eu{sup 3+} did not show the anticipated improvement in lamp efficacy. We explored the reasons for this observation, which are detailed in this report. Within the program we have carried out fundamental investigations into the physical processes that determine the quantum splitting behavior of the Pr{sup 3+} ion in solids. Specifically, we have investigated the quantum splitting luminescence of this ion in the LaPO4, SrAl12O19 and LiLaP4O12 host lattices. In this final report we summarize the technical work completed under the Program, summarize our findings about the performance limits of the various technologies we investigated, and outline promising paths for future work.

Solid State Luminescence

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Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401115222
Total Pages : 389 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Solid State Luminescence by : A.H. Kitai

Download or read book Solid State Luminescence written by A.H. Kitai and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historically, black body radiation in the tungsten filament lamp was our primary industrial means for producing 'artificial' light, as it replaced gas lamps. Solid state luminescent devices for applications ranging from lamps to displays have proliferated since then, particularly owing to the develop ment of semiconductors and phosphors. Our lighting products are now mostly phosphor based and this 'cold light' is replacing an increasing fraction of tungsten filament lamps. Even light emitting diodes now chal lenge such lamps for automotive brake lights. In the area of information displays, cathode ray tube phosphors have proved themselves to be outstandingly efficient light emitters with excellent colour capability. The current push for flat panel displays is quite intense, and much confusion exists as to where development and commercialization will occur most rapidly, but with the need for colour, it is now apparent that solid state luminescence will play a primary role, as gas phase plasma displays do not conveniently permit colour at the high resolution needed today. The long term challenge to develop electroluminescent displays continues, and high performance fluorescent lamps currently illuminate liquid crystal monochrome and colour displays. The development of tri component rare earth phosphors is of particular importance.

Phosphor Handbook

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780849375606
Total Pages : 940 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (756 download)

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Book Synopsis Phosphor Handbook by : Shigeo(decease) Shionoya

Download or read book Phosphor Handbook written by Shigeo(decease) Shionoya and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1998-09-10 with total page 940 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From basic principles of luminescence to innovative technical applications, Phosphor Handbook will serve as the definitive resource on phosphors. Considering all the major changes in the field of phosphors, the editors have produced the most current and comprehensive reference available today. Contributed by noted worldwide scientists and engineers, the handbook serves a ready audience among researchers in the field of luminescence. This book completely describes: powder phosphors, including information on solid state laser materials and organic EL properties and technical applications of phosphors, including the principal classes of phosphors, procedures to synthesize and manufacture these phosphors, manner of deployment, and materials that emit light under various kinds of excitation current developments of phosphor materials required in advanced display technologies, such as UV Plasma Display and Field Emission Display (FED) experimental techniques characterizing materials in their initial and final forms Other provisos include: tutorials of fundamental physical and chemical properties of phosphor materials descriptions of optical properties of phosphor materials profiles on methods of synthesis and manufacture of all practical phosphors analysis of experimental procedures for the optical characterization of raw phosphors and the creation of display devices or lamps specification of physical and optical requirements for all applications of phosphors in lighting and display technologies Japanese industry has and will continue to play a key role in developing these applications, and many contributors to this volume acted as principals in the progress discussed. Display technologies will increase in importance, and no cohesive or comprehensive treatise exists - from basic to applied - on the nature, properties, synthesis, characterization, manufacture, and handling of phosphor materials in lighting and display technologies and applications. This exceptional handbook rectifies this deficiency, serving as the defining resource for all those engaged in research or in the application of phosphor materials - regardless of whether they are newcomers or veterans in this endeavor.

Luminescence

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527621059
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (276 download)

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Book Synopsis Luminescence by : Cornelis R. Ronda

Download or read book Luminescence written by Cornelis R. Ronda and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-11-30 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this, the only up-to-date book on this key technology, the number-one expert in the field perfectly blends academic knowledge and industrial applications. Adopting a didactical approach, Professor Ronda discusses all the underlying principles, such that both researchers as well as beginners in the field will profit from this book. The focus is on the inorganic side and the phenomena of luminescence behind the manifold applications illustrated here, including displays, LEDs, lamps, and medical applications. Valuable reading for chemists and electrochemists, as well as materials scientists, those working in the optical and chemical industry, plus lamp and lighting manufacturers.

Revolution in Lamps

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 8770222223
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (72 download)

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Book Synopsis Revolution in Lamps by : Raymond Kane

Download or read book Revolution in Lamps written by Raymond Kane and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-12-22 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written for designers, engineers, architects and others involved with application of modern lamps and lighting systems, this book provides a comprehensive accounting of current lamp technologies, covering both the fundamental technologies on which they are based and trends in their use, both historical and current. You'll learn about how recent innovations such as those involving LEDs, electrodeless lamps, ballast and circuitry are continuing to improve lamp efficacy, as well as how specialised lamp requirements have fostered development of special-purpose lighting such as for non-visual, for health and for high performance applications.

Inorganic Phosphors for Mercury Free Lamps

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Publisher : LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9783846537138
Total Pages : 140 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (371 download)

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Book Synopsis Inorganic Phosphors for Mercury Free Lamps by : Indrajit Nagpure

Download or read book Inorganic Phosphors for Mercury Free Lamps written by Indrajit Nagpure and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012-02 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Cold" light such as that emitted by a fluorescent lamp, surrounds us and aids our comfortable life. Nevertheless, a shadow of extinction has been cast over present fluorescent lamps. Waste electrical and electric equipment (WEEE) and restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electric equipment (RoHS) directives restrict the use of hazardous substances (lead, mercury, cadmium and chromium, etc.) in the manufacture of electrical and electronic equipment. After July 2006, electrical and electronic equipment containing such harmful chemicals can not be introduced to the European market. Although fluorescent lamps, which are based on a mercury-discharge, were not the object of the present restrictions, their use of mercury will be prohibited in the near future. Consequently, demand for new mercury free lamp materials for modern illuminating engineering have therefore increased recently. In concern to this issue, we had focused on synthesis of some selected rare earth activated light emitting materials (phosphors) from halosulphate, phosphate, halophosphate, oxides and fluoride materials. Aim of these materials for mercury free lamps applications.

Phosphor Handbook

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Author :
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1420005235
Total Pages : 1078 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Phosphor Handbook by : Shigeo Shionoya

Download or read book Phosphor Handbook written by Shigeo Shionoya and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-03 with total page 1078 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A benchmark publication, the first edition of the Phosphor Handbook set the standard for references in this field. Completely revised and updated, this second edition explores new and emerging fields such as nanophosphors, nanomaterials, UV phosphors, quantum cutters, plasma display phosphors, sol-gel and other wet phosphor preparation techniques, preparation through combustion, bioluminescence phosphors and devices, and new laser materials such as OLED. It also contains new chapters on the applications of phosphors in solid state lighting, photoionization of luminescent centers in insulating phosphors, and recent developments in halide-based scintillators. The handbook provides a comprehensive description of phosphors with an emphasis on practical phosphors and their uses in various kinds of technological applications. It covers the fundamentals, namely the basic principles of luminescence, the principle phosphor materials, and their optical properties. The authors describe phosphors used in lamps, cathode-ray tubes, x-ray, and ionizing radiation detection. They cover common measurement methodology used to characterize phosphor properties, discuss a number of related items, and conclude with the history of phosphor technology and industry.

MULTI-PHOTON PHOSPHOR FEASIBILITY RESEARCH.

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 227 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (316 download)

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Book Synopsis MULTI-PHOTON PHOSPHOR FEASIBILITY RESEARCH. by : R. Graham

Download or read book MULTI-PHOTON PHOSPHOR FEASIBILITY RESEARCH. written by R. Graham and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Development of multi-photon phosphor materials for discharge lamps represents a goal that would achieve up to a doubling of discharge (fluorescent) lamp efficacy. This report reviews the existing literature on multi-photon phosphors, identifies obstacles in developing such phosphors, and recommends directions for future research to address these obstacles. To critically examine issues involved in developing a multi-photon phosphor, the project brought together a team of experts from universities, national laboratories, and an industrial lamp manufacturer. Results and findings are organized into three categories: (1) Multi-Photon Systems and Processes, (2) Chemistry and Materials Issues, and (3) Concepts and Models. Multi-Photon Systems and Processes: This category focuses on how to use our current understanding of multi-photon phosphor systems to design new phosphor systems for application in fluorescent lamps. The quickest way to develop multi-photon lamp phosphors lies in finding sensitizer ions for Gd{sup 3+} and identifying activator ions to red shift the blue emission from Pr{sup 3+} due to the {sup 1}S{sub 0} {yields} {sup 1}I{sub 6} transition associated with the first cascading step. Success in either of these developments would lead to more efficient fluorescent lamps. Chemistry and Materials Issues: The most promising multi-photon phosphors are found in fluoride hosts. However, stability of fluorides in environments typically found in fluorescent lamps needs to be greatly improved. Experimental investigation of fluorides in actual lamp environments needs to be undertaken while working on oxide and oxyfluoride alternative systems for backup. Concepts and Models: Successful design of a multi-photon phosphor system based on cascading transitions of Gd{sup 3+} and Pr{sup 3+} depends critically on how the former can be sensitized and the latter can sensitize an activator ion. Methods to predict energy level diagrams and Judd-Ofelt parameters of multi-photon transitions are needed to help guide the experimental material selection. This report provides the theoretical basis for leading knowledgeable researchers along the path to develop multi-photon phosphor systems. The ultimate goal, a doubling of fluorescent lamp efficacy, is not going to be easily obtained. This report begins the process and should be followed with detailed experimental and theoretical research to continue the development process.

Blue-green Phosphor for Fluorescent Lighting Applications

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (957 download)

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Book Synopsis Blue-green Phosphor for Fluorescent Lighting Applications by :

Download or read book Blue-green Phosphor for Fluorescent Lighting Applications written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A fluorescent lamp including a phosphor layer including Sr.sub. 4 Al.sub. 14 O.sub. 25 :Eu.sup. 2+ (SAE) and at least one of each of a red, green and blue emitting phosphor. The phosphor layer can optionally include an additional, deep red phosphor and a yellow emitting phosphor. The resulting lamp will exhibit a white light having a color rendering index of 90 or higher with a correlated color temperature of from 2500 to 10000 Kelvin. The use of SAE in phosphor blends of lamps results in high CRI light sources with increased stability and acceptable lumen maintenance over, the course of the lamp life.

Experimental Investigation of Recycling Rare Earth Elements from Waste Fluorescent Lamp Phosphors

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 85 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (864 download)

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Book Synopsis Experimental Investigation of Recycling Rare Earth Elements from Waste Fluorescent Lamp Phosphors by : Patrick Max Eduafo

Download or read book Experimental Investigation of Recycling Rare Earth Elements from Waste Fluorescent Lamp Phosphors written by Patrick Max Eduafo and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: