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Author : Ioannis T. Schoinas
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 704 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)
Download or read book Fine-Grain Distributed Shared Memory on Clusters of Workstations written by Ioannis T. Schoinas and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jelica Protic
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 9780818677373
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (773 download)
Download or read book Distributed Shared Memory written by Jelica Protic and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1997-08-10 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The papers present in this text survey both distributed shared memory (DSM) efforts and commercial DSM systems. The book discusses relevant issues that make the concept of DSM one of the most attractive approaches for building large-scale, high-performance multiprocessor systems. The authors provide a general introduction to the DSM field as well as a broad survey of the basic DSM concepts, mechanisms, design issues, and systems. The book concentrates on basic DSM algorithms, their enhancements, and their performance evaluation. In addition, it details implementations that employ DSM solutions at the software and the hardware level. This guide is a research and development reference that provides state-of-the art information that will be useful to architects, designers, and programmers of DSM systems.
Author : University of Wisconsin--Madison. Computer Sciences Dept
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 10 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (356 download)
Download or read book Fine-grain Access Control for Distributed Shared Memory written by University of Wisconsin--Madison. Computer Sciences Dept and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: "This paper discusses implementations of fine-grain memory access control, which selectively restricts reads and writes to cache-block-sized memory regions. Fine-grain access control forms the basis of efficient cache-coherent shared memory. This paper focuses on low-cost implementations that require little or no additional hardware. These techniques permit efficient implementation of shared memory on a wide range of parallel systems, thereby providing shared-memory codes with a portability previously limited to message passing. This paper categorizes techniques based on where access control is enforced and where access conflicts are handled. We incorporated three techniques that require no additional hardware into Blizzard, a system that supports distributed shared memory on the CM-5. The first adds a software lookup before each shared-memory reference by modifying the program's executable. The second uses the memory's error correcting code (ECC) as cache-block valid bits. The third is a hybrid. The software technique ranged from slightly faster to two times slower than the ECC approach. Blizzard's performance is roughly comparable to a hardware shared-memory machine. These results argue that clusters of workstations or personal computers with networks comparable to the CM-5's will be able to support the same shared-memory interfaces as supercomputers."
Author : University of Wisconsin--Madison. Computer Sciences Dept
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (361 download)
Download or read book Implementing Fine-grain Distributed Shared Memory on Commodity SMP Workstations written by University of Wisconsin--Madison. Computer Sciences Dept and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: "This paper reports our experience implementing the Blizzard fine-grain distributed shared memory system on a network of unmodified dual-processor workstations running a commercial operating system. The paper describes and measures: three fine-grain access control mechanisms (optimized software, commodity hardware, and custom hardware); a low-latency, user-level communication layer; kernel support in a commercial operating system; and techniques to exploit multiprocessor (SMP) nodes. The results show that a network of workstations can effectively support fine-grain shared memory, but that high performance requires either custom network hardware or custom coherence protocols."
Author : Subhabrata Saha
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)
Download or read book Support for Software Distributed Shared Memory on Clusters of Heterogeneous Workstations written by Subhabrata Saha and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Steven K. Reinhardt
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 330 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)
Download or read book Mechanisms for Distributed Shared Memory written by Steven K. Reinhardt and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Alain Kägi
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 452 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)
Download or read book Mechanisms for Efficient Shared-memory, Lock-based Synchronization written by Alain Kägi and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Vincent Gramoli
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031020154
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Consistent Distributed Storage written by Vincent Gramoli and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing a shared memory abstraction in distributed systems is a powerful tool that can simplify the design and implementation of software systems for networked platforms. This enables the system designers to work with abstract readable and writable objects without the need to deal with the complexity and dynamism of the underlying platform. The key property of shared memory implementations is the consistency guarantee that it provides under concurrent access to the shared objects. The most intuitive memory consistency model is atomicity because of its equivalence with a memory system where accesses occur serially, one at a time. Emulations of shared atomic memory in distributed systems is an active area of research and development. The problem proves to be challenging, and especially so in distributed message passing settings with unreliable components, as is often the case in networked systems. We present several approaches to implementing shared memory services with the help of replication on top of message-passing distributed platforms subject to a variety of perturbations in the computing medium.
Author : Frank Mueller
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540419446
Total Pages : 146 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (44 download)
Download or read book High-Level Parallel Programming Models and Supportive Environments written by Frank Mueller and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2001-04-04 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 6th International Workshop on High-Level Parallel Programming Models and Supportive Environments, HIPS 2001, held in San Francisco, CA, USA in April 2001. The 10 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected out of 20 submissions. The focus of the book is on high-level programming of networks of workstations, computing clusters, and massively parallel machines. Among the issues addressed are language design, compilers, system architectures, programming tools, and advanced applications.
Author : Sivarama Dandamudi
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461501334
Total Pages : 263 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)
Download or read book Hierarchical Scheduling in Parallel and Cluster Systems written by Sivarama Dandamudi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multiple processor systems are an important class of parallel systems. Over the years, several architectures have been proposed to build such systems to satisfy the requirements of high performance computing. These architectures span a wide variety of system types. At the low end of the spectrum, we can build a small, shared-memory parallel system with tens of processors. These systems typically use a bus to interconnect the processors and memory. Such systems, for example, are becoming commonplace in high-performance graph ics workstations. These systems are called uniform memory access (UMA) multiprocessors because they provide uniform access of memory to all pro cessors. These systems provide a single address space, which is preferred by programmers. This architecture, however, cannot be extended even to medium systems with hundreds of processors due to bus bandwidth limitations. To scale systems to medium range i. e. , to hundreds of processors, non-bus interconnection networks have been proposed. These systems, for example, use a multistage dynamic interconnection network. Such systems also provide global, shared memory like the UMA systems. However, they introduce local and remote memories, which lead to non-uniform memory access (NUMA) architecture. Distributed-memory architecture is used for systems with thousands of pro cessors. These systems differ from the shared-memory architectures in that there is no globally accessible shared memory. Instead, they use message pass ing to facilitate communication among the processors. As a result, they do not provide single address space.
Download or read book Comparative Evaluation of Fine- and Coarse-grain Software Distributed Shared Memory written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Behrooz Parhami
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0306469642
Total Pages : 512 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (64 download)
Download or read book Introduction to Parallel Processing written by Behrooz Parhami and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-04-11 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: THE CONTEXT OF PARALLEL PROCESSING The field of digital computer architecture has grown explosively in the past two decades. Through a steady stream of experimental research, tool-building efforts, and theoretical studies, the design of an instruction-set architecture, once considered an art, has been transformed into one of the most quantitative branches of computer technology. At the same time, better understanding of various forms of concurrency, from standard pipelining to massive parallelism, and invention of architectural structures to support a reasonably efficient and user-friendly programming model for such systems, has allowed hardware performance to continue its exponential growth. This trend is expected to continue in the near future. This explosive growth, linked with the expectation that performance will continue its exponential rise with each new generation of hardware and that (in stark contrast to software) computer hardware will function correctly as soon as it comes off the assembly line, has its down side. It has led to unprecedented hardware complexity and almost intolerable dev- opment costs. The challenge facing current and future computer designers is to institute simplicity where we now have complexity; to use fundamental theories being developed in this area to gain performance and ease-of-use benefits from simpler circuits; to understand the interplay between technological capabilities and limitations, on the one hand, and design decisions based on user and application requirements on the other.
Author : Harald Kosch
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3540452095
Total Pages : 1324 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (44 download)
Download or read book Euro-Par 2003 Parallel Processing written by Harald Kosch and published by Springer. This book was released on 2004-06-01 with total page 1324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Euro-ParConferenceSeries The European Conference on Parallel Computing (Euro-Par) is an international conference series dedicated to the promotion and advancement of all aspects of parallel and distributed computing. The major themes fall into the categories of hardware, software, algorithms, and applications. This year, new and interesting topicswereintroduced,likePeer-to-PeerComputing,DistributedMultimedia- stems, and Mobile and Ubiquitous Computing. For the ?rst time, we organized a Demo Session showing many challenging applications. The general objective of Euro-Par is to provide a forum promoting the de- lopment of parallel and distributed computing both as an industrial technique and an academic discipline, extending the frontiers of both the state of the art and the state of the practice. The industrial importance of parallel and dist- buted computing is supported this year by a special Industrial Session as well as a vendors’ exhibition. This is particularly important as currently parallel and distributed computing is evolving into a globally important technology; the b- zword Grid Computing clearly expresses this move. In addition, the trend to a - bile world is clearly visible in this year’s Euro-Par. ThemainaudienceforandparticipantsatEuro-Parareresearchersinaca- mic departments, industrial organizations, and government laboratories. Euro- Par aims to become the primary choice of such professionals for the presentation of new results in their speci?c areas. Euro-Par has its own Internet domain with a permanent Web site where the history of the conference series is described: http://www.euro-par.org. The Euro-Par conference series is sponsored by the Association for Computer Machinery (ACM) and the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP).
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 618 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)
Download or read book Computer Sciences Technical Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Rice University. Dept. of Computer Science
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 110 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (353 download)
Download or read book Lazy Release Consistency for Distributed Shared Memory written by Rice University. Dept. of Computer Science and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: "A software distributed shared memory (DSM) system allows shared memory parallel programs to execute on networks of workstations. This thesis presents a new class of protocols that has lower communication requirements than previous DSM protocols, and can consequently achieve higher performance. The lazy release consistent protocols achieve this reduction in communication by piggybacking consistency information on top of existing synchronization transfers. Some of the protocols also improve performance by speculatively moving data. We evaluate the impact of these features by comparing the performance of a software DSM using lazy protocols with that of a DSM using previous eager protocols. We found that seven of our eight applications performed better on the lazy system, and four of the applications showed performance speedups of at least 18%. As part of this comparison, we show that the cost of executing the slightly more complex code of the lazy protocols is far less important than the reduction in communication requirements. We also compare the lazy performance with that of a hardware supported shared memory system that uses processors and caches similar to those of the workstations running our DSM. Our DSM system was able to approach, and in one case even surpass, the performance of the hardware system for applications with coarse-grained parallelism, but the hardware system performed significantly better for programs with fine-grained parallelism. Overall, the results indicate that DSMs using lazy protocols have become a viable alternative for high-performance parallel processing."
Author : Rubin H. Landau
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527684662
Total Pages : 644 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (276 download)
Download or read book Computational Physics written by Rubin H. Landau and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-06-11 with total page 644 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of computation and simulation has become an essential part of the scientific process. Being able to transform a theory into an algorithm requires significant theoretical insight, detailed physical and mathematical understanding, and a working level of competency in programming. This upper-division text provides an unusually broad survey of the topics of modern computational physics from a multidisciplinary, computational science point of view. Its philosophy is rooted in learning by doing (assisted by many model programs), with new scientific materials as well as with the Python programming language. Python has become very popular, particularly for physics education and large scientific projects. It is probably the easiest programming language to learn for beginners, yet is also used for mainstream scientific computing, and has packages for excellent graphics and even symbolic manipulations. The text is designed for an upper-level undergraduate or beginning graduate course and provides the reader with the essential knowledge to understand computational tools and mathematical methods well enough to be successful. As part of the teaching of using computers to solve scientific problems, the reader is encouraged to work through a sample problem stated at the beginning of each chapter or unit, which involves studying the text, writing, debugging and running programs, visualizing the results, and the expressing in words what has been done and what can be concluded. Then there are exercises and problems at the end of each chapter for the reader to work on their own (with model programs given for that purpose).
Author : V. RAJARAMAN
Publisher : PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.
ISBN 13 : 8120332008
Total Pages : 415 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (23 download)
Download or read book COMPUTER ORGANIZATION AND ARCHITECTURE written by V. RAJARAMAN and published by PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.. This book was released on 2007-06-01 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Designed as an introductory text for the students of computer science, computer applications, electronics engineering and information technology for their first course on the organization and architecture of computers, this accessible, student friendly text gives a clear and in-depth analysis of the basic principles underlying the subject. This self-contained text devotes one full chapter to the basics of digital logic. While the initial chapters describe in detail about computer organization, including CPU design, ALU design, memory design and I/O organization, the text also deals with Assembly Language Programming for Pentium using NASM assembler. What distinguishes the text is the special attention it pays to Cache and Virtual Memory organization, as well as to RISC architecture and the intricacies of pipelining. All these discussions are climaxed by an illuminating discussion on parallel computers which shows how processors are interconnected to create a variety of parallel computers. KEY FEATURES Self-contained presentation starting with data representation and ending with advanced parallel computer architecture. Systematic and logical organization of topics. Large number of worked-out examples and exercises. Contains basics of assembly language programming. Each chapter has learning objectives and a detailed summary to help students to quickly revise the material.
