Federal Research And Development Budget And The National Science Foundation

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Allocating Federal Funds for Science and Technology

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030917600X
Total Pages : 107 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Allocating Federal Funds for Science and Technology by : National Research Council

Download or read book Allocating Federal Funds for Science and Technology written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1995-11-22 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States faces a new challengeâ€"maintaining the vitality of its system for supporting science and technology despite fiscal stringency during the next several years. To address this change, the Senate Appropriations Committee requested a report from the National Academies of Sciences and Engineering and the Institute of Medicine to address "the criteria that should be used in judging the appropriate allocation of funds to research and development activities; to examine the appropriate balance among different types of institutions that conduct such research; and to look at the means of assuring continued objectivity in the allocation process." In this eagerly-awaited book, a committee of experts selected by the National Academies and the Institute responds with 13 recommendations that propose a new budgeting process and formulates a series of questions to address during that process. The committee also makes corollary recommendations about merit review, government oversight, linking research and development to government missions, the synergy between research and education, and other topics. The recommendations are aimed at rooting out obsolete and inadequate activities to free resources from good programs for even better ones, in the belief that "science and technology will be at least as important in the future as they have been in the past in dealing with problems that confront the nation." The authoring committee of this book was chaired by Frank Press, former President of the National Academy of Sciences (1981-1993) and Presidential Science and Technology Advisor (1977-1981).

Funding a Revolution

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309062780
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Funding a Revolution by : National Research Council

Download or read book Funding a Revolution written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-02-11 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past 50 years have witnessed a revolution in computing and related communications technologies. The contributions of industry and university researchers to this revolution are manifest; less widely recognized is the major role the federal government played in launching the computing revolution and sustaining its momentum. Funding a Revolution examines the history of computing since World War II to elucidate the federal government's role in funding computing research, supporting the education of computer scientists and engineers, and equipping university research labs. It reviews the economic rationale for government support of research, characterizes federal support for computing research, and summarizes key historical advances in which government-sponsored research played an important role. Funding a Revolution contains a series of case studies in relational databases, the Internet, theoretical computer science, artificial intelligence, and virtual reality that demonstrate the complex interactions among government, universities, and industry that have driven the field. It offers a series of lessons that identify factors contributing to the success of the nation's computing enterprise and the government's role within it.

Annual Report of the National Science Foundation

Author : National Science Foundation (U.S.)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 424 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (243 download)

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Book Synopsis Annual Report of the National Science Foundation by : National Science Foundation (U.S.)

Download or read book Annual Report of the National Science Foundation written by National Science Foundation (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1950 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Federal R & D Funding by Budget Function

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 96 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Federal R & D Funding by Budget Function by :

Download or read book Federal R & D Funding by Budget Function written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Assessing the Value of Research in the Chemical Sciences

Author : Chemical Sciences Roundtable
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309519764
Total Pages : 138 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (95 download)

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Book Synopsis Assessing the Value of Research in the Chemical Sciences by : Chemical Sciences Roundtable

Download or read book Assessing the Value of Research in the Chemical Sciences written by Chemical Sciences Roundtable and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1998-11-13 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book captures the messages from a workshop that brought together research managers from government, industry, and academia to review and discuss the mechanisms that have been proposed or used to assess the value of chemical research. The workshop focused on the assessment procedures that have been or will be established within the various organizations that carry out or fund research activities, with particular attention to the Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA). The book presents approaches and ideas from leaders in each area that were intended to identify new and useful ways of assessing the value and potential impact of research activities.

Social Science for What?

Author : Mark Solovey
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262358751
Total Pages : 409 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (623 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Science for What? by : Mark Solovey

Download or read book Social Science for What? written by Mark Solovey and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2020-07-07 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How the NSF became an important yet controversial patron for the social sciences, influencing debates over their scientific status and social relevance. In the early Cold War years, the U.S. government established the National Science Foundation (NSF), a civilian agency that soon became widely known for its dedication to supporting first-rate science. The agency's 1950 enabling legislation made no mention of the social sciences, although it included a vague reference to "other sciences." Nevertheless, as Mark Solovey shows in this book, the NSF also soon became a major--albeit controversial--source of public funding for them.

The Behavioral and Social Sciences

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309037492
Total Pages : 301 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis The Behavioral and Social Sciences by : National Research Council

Download or read book The Behavioral and Social Sciences written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1988-02-01 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume explores the scientific frontiers and leading edges of research across the fields of anthropology, economics, political science, psychology, sociology, history, business, education, geography, law, and psychiatry, as well as the newer, more specialized areas of artificial intelligence, child development, cognitive science, communications, demography, linguistics, and management and decision science. It includes recommendations concerning new resources, facilities, and programs that may be needed over the next several years to ensure rapid progress and provide a high level of returns to basic research.

Research and Development Data Needs

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309181895
Total Pages : 66 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Research and Development Data Needs by : National Research Council

Download or read book Research and Development Data Needs written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-03-30 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report contains the proceedings of a one-day workshop organized by the National Research Council's Board on Science, Technology, and Economic Policy (STEP), in conjunction with a study by a panel of the NRC Committee on National Statistics (CNSTAT). This combined activity was commissioned by the Science Resources Statistics Division (SRS) of the National Science Foundation (NSF) to recommend improvements in the Foundation's portfolio of surveys of research and development spending by the federal government, state governments, private industry, the nation's universities and colleges, and other nonprofit institutions.

Strategies to Leverage Research Funding

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309092779
Total Pages : 193 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Strategies to Leverage Research Funding by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Strategies to Leverage Research Funding written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-11-27 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 1992 the Department of Defense (DOD), through the U.S. Army Medical Research and Material Command, has received congressionally earmarked appropriations for programs of biomedical research on prostate, breast, and ovarian cancer; neurofibromatosis; tuberous sclerosis; and other health problems. Appropriations for these Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs are used to support peer reviewed extramural research project, training, and infrastructure grants. Congress has become concerned about funding increases for these programs given current demands on the military budget. At the request of Congress, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) examined possibilities of augmenting program funding from alternative sources. The resulting IOM book, Strategies to Leverage Research Funding: Guiding DOD's Peer Reviewed Medical Research Programs, focuses on nonfederal and private sector contributions that could extend the appropriated funds without biasing the peer review project selection process.

Enhancing the Effectiveness of Team Science

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309316855
Total Pages : 255 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Enhancing the Effectiveness of Team Science by : National Research Council

Download or read book Enhancing the Effectiveness of Team Science written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-07-15 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past half-century has witnessed a dramatic increase in the scale and complexity of scientific research. The growing scale of science has been accompanied by a shift toward collaborative research, referred to as "team science." Scientific research is increasingly conducted by small teams and larger groups rather than individual investigators, but the challenges of collaboration can slow these teams' progress in achieving their scientific goals. How does a team-based approach work, and how can universities and research institutions support teams? Enhancing the Effectiveness of Team Science synthesizes and integrates the available research to provide guidance on assembling the science team; leadership, education and professional development for science teams and groups. It also examines institutional and organizational structures and policies to support science teams and identifies areas where further research is needed to help science teams and groups achieve their scientific and translational goals. This report offers major public policy recommendations for science research agencies and policymakers, as well as recommendations for individual scientists, disciplinary associations, and research universities. Enhancing the Effectiveness of Team Science will be of interest to university research administrators, team science leaders, science faculty, and graduate and postdoctoral students.

Federal Science and Engineering Support to Universities, Colleges, and Nonprofit Institutions

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (926 download)

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Book Synopsis Federal Science and Engineering Support to Universities, Colleges, and Nonprofit Institutions by :

Download or read book Federal Science and Engineering Support to Universities, Colleges, and Nonprofit Institutions written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The DARPA Model for Transformative Technologies: Perspectives on the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency

Author : William Boone Bonvillian
Publisher : Open Book Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1783747943
Total Pages : 306 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (837 download)

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Book Synopsis The DARPA Model for Transformative Technologies: Perspectives on the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency by : William Boone Bonvillian

Download or read book The DARPA Model for Transformative Technologies: Perspectives on the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency written by William Boone Bonvillian and published by Open Book Publishers. This book was released on 2020-01-09 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors have done a masterful job of charting the important story of DARPA, one of the key catalysts of technological innovation in US recent history. By plotting the development, achievements and structure of the leading world agency of this kind, this book stimulates new thinking in the field of technological innovation with bearing on how to respond to climate change, pandemics, cyber security and other global problems of our time. The DARPA Model provides a useful guide for governmental agency and policy leaders, and for anybody interested in the role of governments in technological innovation. —Dr. Kent Hughes, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars This volume contains a remarkable collection of extremely insightful articles on the world’s most successful advanced technology agency. Drafted by the leading US experts on DARPA, it provides a variety of perspectives that in turn benefit from being presented together in a comprehensive volume. It reviews DARPA’s unique role in the U.S. innovation system, as well as the challenges DARPA and its clones face today. As the American model is being considered for adoption by a number of countries worldwide, this book makes a welcome and timely contribution to the policy dialogue on the role played by governments in stimulating technological innovation. — Prof. Charles Wessner, Georgetown University The U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) has played a remarkable role in the creation new transformative technologies, revolutionizing defense with drones and precision-guided munitions, and transforming civilian life with portable GPS receivers, voice-recognition software, self-driving cars, unmanned aerial vehicles, and, most famously, the ARPANET and its successor, the Internet. Other parts of the U.S. Government and some foreign governments have tried to apply the ‘DARPA model’ to help develop valuable new technologies. But how and why has DARPA succeeded? Which features of its operation and environment contribute to this success? And what lessons does its experience offer for other U.S. agencies and other governments that want to develop and demonstrate their own ‘transformative technologies’? This book is a remarkable collection of leading academic research on DARPA from a wide range of perspectives, combining to chart an important story from the Agency’s founding in the wake of Sputnik, to the current attempts to adapt it to use by other federal agencies. Informative and insightful, this guide is essential reading for political and policy leaders, as well as researchers and students interested in understanding the success of this agency and the lessons it offers to others.

Measuring Expenditure on Health-related R&D

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264192921
Total Pages : 212 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (641 download)

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Book Synopsis Measuring Expenditure on Health-related R&D by : OECD

Download or read book Measuring Expenditure on Health-related R&D written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2001-05-18 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Science and technology improves human health but the pressure for faster and larger improvements is building with the continued ageing of the population. A fundamental starting point is the measurement of R&D in health care. This book addresses measurement practices across ten countries.

National Patterns of R & D Resources

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (5 download)

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Book Synopsis National Patterns of R & D Resources by :

Download or read book National Patterns of R & D Resources written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

National Patterns of R&d Resources

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 180 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis National Patterns of R&d Resources by :

Download or read book National Patterns of R&d Resources written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Rising Above the Gathering Storm

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309100399
Total Pages : 590 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Rising Above the Gathering Storm by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Rising Above the Gathering Storm written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-03-08 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a world where advanced knowledge is widespread and low-cost labor is readily available, U.S. advantages in the marketplace and in science and technology have begun to erode. A comprehensive and coordinated federal effort is urgently needed to bolster U.S. competitiveness and pre-eminence in these areas. This congressionally requested report by a pre-eminent committee makes four recommendations along with 20 implementation actions that federal policy-makers should take to create high-quality jobs and focus new science and technology efforts on meeting the nation's needs, especially in the area of clean, affordable energy: 1) Increase America's talent pool by vastly improving K-12 mathematics and science education; 2) Sustain and strengthen the nation's commitment to long-term basic research; 3) Develop, recruit, and retain top students, scientists, and engineers from both the U.S. and abroad; and 4) Ensure that the United States is the premier place in the world for innovation. Some actions will involve changing existing laws, while others will require financial support that would come from reallocating existing budgets or increasing them. Rising Above the Gathering Storm will be of great interest to federal and state government agencies, educators and schools, public decision makers, research sponsors, regulatory analysts, and scholars.

Federal Fumbles

Author : James Lankford
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781544159768
Total Pages : 146 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (597 download)

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Book Synopsis Federal Fumbles by : James Lankford

Download or read book Federal Fumbles written by James Lankford and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-02-27 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many of the photos were removed due to copyright restrictions. Welcome to the first annual release of the Federal Fumbles report! Our national debt is careening toward $19 trillion (yes, that is a 19 followed by 12 zeros), and federal regulations are expanding at a record pace. Meanwhile families struggle to get home loans, and small businesses struggle to make ends meet. States are constantly handed unfunded mandates and executive fiats that they are forced to implement with minimal direction and no way to pay for them. I present this report as a demonstration of ways we can cut back on wasteful federal spending and burdensome regulations to help families, small businesses, and our economy begin to get out from under the weight of federal stagnation. Cited here are not only prime examples of wasteful spending, but also federal departments or agencies that regulate outside the scope of the federal government's constitutional role. I firmly believe my staff and I have the obligation to solve the troubles of our nation, not just complain, which is why for every problem identified, you will also find a recommended solution. There is a way to eliminate wasteful, ineffective, or duplicative program spending; develop oversight methods to prevent future waste; and find ways to get us back on track.