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Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior Of A Mn Ni Cr Steel In 35 Nacl Medium And Its Modeling
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Book Synopsis Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior of a Mn-Ni-Cr Steel in 3.5 % NaCl Medium and Its Modeling by : Dhinakaran Sampath
Download or read book Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior of a Mn-Ni-Cr Steel in 3.5 % NaCl Medium and Its Modeling written by Dhinakaran Sampath and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the fatigue crack growth behavior of marine steel at low frequencies in a corrosive environment under cathodic protection is essential for the design and prognosis of offshore structures. Experimental results demonstrate that the corrosion fatigue crack growth rate increases with a decrease in frequency, and this behavior can be mitigated by reducing the corrosion rates with the application of a cathodic potential. Knowledge of an optimum cathodic protection potential for corrosion fatigue crack growth without entering the domain of hydrogen-assisted cracking potentials is vital. To that end, the corrosion processes within the enclave of a stationary crack and a pulsating fatigue crack under different crack mouth potentials are elucidated through modeling of mass transport of electrolytic species and electrode reactions. Effect of crack tip strain enhanced electrochemical reaction rates on electrochemical parameters such as pH, potential, and corrosion current density at the crack tip is evaluated. The corrosion current density at the crack tip is reduced significantly when the applied crack mouth potential is changed from -550 to -1,050 mV SCE for both stationary and pulsating cracks. In the case of strain-enhanced corrosion processes, the corrosion current density is increased significantly when compared with the equivalent model without considering the straining effects. However, the corrosion current density is the same for the applied crack mouth potential below -900 mV SCE. The crack solution becomes alkaline as the crack tip pH increases with a decrease in cathodic potential. This result agrees with the experimental observation of the minimum corrosion fatigue crack growth rate of a steel in sodium chloride solution at around -900 and -950 mV SCE.
Book Synopsis Understanding Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior at Low Frequencies for a Mn-Ni-Cr Steel in 3.5 % NaCl Solution Under Controlled Cathodic Potential by : Raghu Prakash
Download or read book Understanding Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior at Low Frequencies for a Mn-Ni-Cr Steel in 3.5 % NaCl Solution Under Controlled Cathodic Potential written by Raghu Prakash and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fatigue crack growth behavior at low loading frequencies for a Mn-Ni-Cr steel immersed in 3.5 % NaCl solution, with and without cathodic polarization, is investigated and presented in this paper. Frequency shedding method is used to estimate fatigue crack growth rate over a range of frequencies between 0.01 and 5 Hz at a constant stress intensity factor range of 15 MPa ?m. The effectiveness of cathodic potential of -900 mV SCE in containing corrosion contribution to crack growth is estimated by comparing with published data on fatigue crack growth rate in lab air and 3.5 % NaCl solution without cathodic polarization. It is noted that there are three regions of crack growth rate as a function of applied frequencies when the data is plotted in log-log scale: linear crack growth rate, plateau crack growth rate, and high crack growth rate. The crack growth rate of steel in 3.5 % NaCl solution at 15 MPa ?m is scanned for different cathodic potentials between -760 mV SCE and 1150 mV SCE at 0.01 and 0.1 Hz. The potentials at which the crack growth rates are the maximum and the minimum are found to be -760 and -950 mV, respectively. The optimum cathodic protection potential for the minimum corrosion fatigue crack growth rate ranges between -900 and -950 mV. This optimum potential for the minimum corrosion crack growth rate is more negative than the cathodic potential required for restraining the corrosion effects on fatigue strength of steel to normal ambient air behavior.
Download or read book Metals Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 1076 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Mixed Model Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior in a High Strength Steel by : Richard E. Link
Download or read book Mixed Model Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior in a High Strength Steel written by Richard E. Link and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most of the currently available methods for predicting fatigue crack growth in structures do not consider effects due to mixed-mode loading. This is partly due to the limited information available concerning the fatigue crack growth under mixed mode loading. Previous investigations of mixed mode effects on fatigue crack growth have shown that under combined opening and in-plane shear loading, the cracks turn abruptly so that the in-plane shear mode is eliminated. Very little data is generated before the crack curvature eliminates the mixed-mode loading. The changing orientation of the crack during the test makes analysis of the problem difficult and may cloud the intrinsic fatigue crack growth rate behavior under mixed-mode loading. Situations can exist in engineering structures in which cracks may grow in a self-similar manner, even under the influence of mixed-mode loading. Examples of such situations are radial cracks in bearing rates and transverse cracks in rotating shafts under shear and bending loads. The cracks may not change orientation because the in-plane shear component is fully reversed. It is necessary to understand the effects of mixed mode loading on fatigue crack growth in order to properly predict the behavior of these components. Mixed mode, Fatigue, Crack growth, Predictive models, Ni-Cr-Mo steel.
Book Synopsis Low Cycle Fatigue Behavior and Crack Propagation in Some Steels by : Saurindranath Majumdar
Download or read book Low Cycle Fatigue Behavior and Crack Propagation in Some Steels written by Saurindranath Majumdar and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a previous report, a fatigue crack propagation model was analyzed by considering fatigue crack propagation as a sequence of fatigue crack initiation events. This permitted correlation to be made between the fatigue crack growth resistance and low cycle fatigue properties of metals. Four steels were tested for low cycle fatigue behavior at the University of Illinois. Good correlation was obtained between the theoretically predicted crack propagation rate based on the measured low cycle fatigue properties of the four metals and experimentally observed crack propagation rates that were reported in the literature. Further, good estimates of crack propagation rates can be obtained on the basis of static tensile properties of the metals alone where cyclic properties are not available. (Author).
Download or read book Metals Abstracts Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 1634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Temperature Influence on Corrosion Fatigue Behavior of 5ni-cr-mo-v Steel by : J. T. RYDER
Download or read book Temperature Influence on Corrosion Fatigue Behavior of 5ni-cr-mo-v Steel written by J. T. RYDER and published by . This book was released on with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Fatigue Crack Growth of A508 Steel in High-temperature, Pressurized Reactor Grade Water by : W. H. Cullen
Download or read book Fatigue Crack Growth of A508 Steel in High-temperature, Pressurized Reactor Grade Water written by W. H. Cullen and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior in a Nitrogen-Strengthened High-Manganese Steel at Cryogenic Temperatures by : JW. Morris
Download or read book Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior in a Nitrogen-Strengthened High-Manganese Steel at Cryogenic Temperatures written by JW. Morris and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fatigue crack growth rate (FCGR) of a nitrogen-strengthened high-manganese stainless steel of nominal composition 18Mn-5Ni-16Cr-0.02C-0.22N was determined in the intermediate stress-intensity factor range (20-70 MPa?m) at 77 and 4 K. Fractographic investigations were performed on the fracture surfaces. The FCGR at 4 K was very nearly the same as at 77 K and substantially below the FCGR for AISI 304LN steel. The fracture surfaces of both the high-manganese alloy and the 304LN showed a transgranular failure mode, but the detailed fractographic features varied with temperature and alloy type. The fractography was closely related to changes in the FCGR.
Book Synopsis Mixed Mode Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior in a High-Strength Steel by : RE. Link
Download or read book Mixed Mode Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior in a High-Strength Steel written by RE. Link and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most of the currently available methods for predicting fatigue crack growth in structures do not consider effects due to mixed-mode loading. This is partly due to the limited information available concerning the fatigue crack growth under mixed mode loading. Previous investigations of mixed mode effects on fatigue crack growth have shown that under combined opening and in-plane shear loading, the cracks turn abruptly so that the in-plane shear mode is eliminated [1-3]. Very little data are generated before the crack curvature eliminates the mixed mode loading. The changing orientation of the crack during the test makes analysis of the problem difficult and may cloud the intrinsic fatigue crack growth rate behavior under mixed mode loading. Situations can exist in engineering structures in which cracks may grow in a self-similar manner even under the influence of mixed mode loading. Examples of such situations are radial cracks in bearing races [4] and transverse cracks in rotating shafts under shear and bending loads. The cracks may not change orientation because the in-plane shear component is fully reversed. It is necessary to understand the effects of mixed mode loading on fatigue crack growth in order to properly predict the behavior of these components.
Book Synopsis Fatigue and Corrosion-Fatigue Crack Growth of 4340 Steel at Various Yield Strengths by : E. J. Imhof
Download or read book Fatigue and Corrosion-Fatigue Crack Growth of 4340 Steel at Various Yield Strengths written by E. J. Imhof and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The useful life of steel structures that contain crack-like defects and that are subjected to cyclic loads in an aggressive environment is determined primarily by the time required for the defects to grow from subcritical dimensions to the critical size at which unstable fracture occurs. For these structures, subcritical crack growth is caused either by fatigue or by corrosion fatigue. Thus, as part of a long-range program to establish the necessary relations for predicting the corrosion-fatigue behavior of structural steels, the stress-corrosion-cracking susceptibility and the corrosion fatigue-crack-growth rates at 6 cpm of 4340 Steel heat-treated to yield strengths of 130, 180, and 220 ksi (896, 1241, and 1571 MN/m2) were investigated in a 3 percent solution of sodium chloride. The results were analyzed by using linear-elastic fracture mechanics methods and were compared with fatigue-crack-propagation data obtained in a room-temperature air environment. The results showed that the threshold stress-intensity factor below which crack growth does not occur in statiscally loaded specimens decreased with increased yield strength. The fatigue-crack-growth rates per cycle in the steels investigated in an air environment and below KIscc in the room-temperature solution of sodium chloride can be represented by the equation dadN=D(t)(?KI)n where n was equal to 2.7. The function D(t), which is a measure of the corrosion-fatigue susceptibility of the material, increased with increased yield strength. Fatigue-crack-growth rates below KIscc were accelerated by a factor of 2 when the 130-ksi yield-strength material was tested at 6 cpm in the sodium chloride solution. Under identical test conditions, the corrosion fatigue-crack-growth rates in the 180-ksi yield-strength material were five to six times higher than the fatigue crack-growth rates in air environment. Corrosion-fatigue crack-growth data below KIscc were not obtained for the 220-ksi yield-strength material because of the high susceptibility of this material to the test environment (KIscc=10.5ksiin., or 11.5 MN/m3/2).
Book Synopsis Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior of Different Stainless Steels in Pressurized Water Reactor Environments by : C. Amzallag
Download or read book Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior of Different Stainless Steels in Pressurized Water Reactor Environments written by C. Amzallag and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An experimental program has been conducted in order to determine the fatigue crack growth rate (FCGR) curves of different stainless steels for nuclear pressure vessels and pipings in pressurized water reactor environments and to define reference fatigue crack growth rate curves for these materials. The parameters studied are: the steel structure, the load ratio (R), and the water chemistry. A slight, but clear effect of environment was observed for the five steels studied. The paper presents the FCGR curves and the fractographic examinations for the different testing conditions and stresses the differences between FCGR behavior of stainless steels and low-alloy steels.
Book Synopsis Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior of a High-Strength Steel by : Maurice F. Amateau
Download or read book Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior of a High-Strength Steel written by Maurice F. Amateau and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fatigue crack growth behavior of high-strength Ladish D6AC steel was examined under various conditions of frequency, environment, temperature, stress ratio, and stress intensity history. Materials with fracture toughness ranging from 50 to 100 ksi/sq. in., but with the same yield strength of 220 ksi, were examined. Variations in fracture thoughness do not have a strong effect on crack growth rate at stress intensity levels within the log-linear portion of the crack growth curves. Different environments, such as dry air, laboratory air, and distilled water, were found to produce different fatigue crack growth behavior at 1 Hz but not at 10 Hz loading frequency. The lowest crack growth rate occurred in dry air, while the aggressive environment of distilled water affected the crack growth rate more severly at lower stress intensity levels. The effects of temperature over the range from -40 to 175F are a uniform shift of the growth curve to low crack growth rates and a lowering of the stress intensity level for the onset of rapid fatigue crack propagation. Suppression of crack growth rate following high prior stress cycles is the most significant effect of stress history. This effect cannot be explained in terms of the relative plastic zone sizes alone. (Author).
Book Synopsis Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior of Ferritic and Austenitic Steels at Elevated Temperatures by : M. Nani Babu
Download or read book Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior of Ferritic and Austenitic Steels at Elevated Temperatures written by M. Nani Babu and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the integrity assessment and damage-tolerant design of components operating at elevated temperatures under cyclic loading conditions, evaluation of fatigue crack growth (FCG) properties in the threshold and Paris regimes is important. The FCG behaviors of a modified 9Cr-1Mo steel (P91) and SS 316L(N) for applications in the prototype fast breeder reactor to be commissioned shortly at Kalpakkam, India have been studied extensively in our laboratory over a wide range of temperatures. Some aspects of high-temperature FCG observed in these investigations will be reviewed in this paper. It has been observed that for many engineering alloys, dynamic strain aging plays an important role in the temperature-dependent variations in deformation and fracture behavior, including the FCG parameters. Another important aspect in deciding the FCG behavior is the crack closure behavior, the mechanisms of which may vary with temperature. Effect of crack closure and DSA on the FCG properties of P91 steel and SS 316L(N) welds will be discussed. The DSA mechanism has been identified from the activation energy for the process determined from the temperature dependence of the crack tip strain rates. During FCG of engineering materials, there can be stress shielding at the crack tip because of various factors, like crack bridging, branching, closure, etc. Effect of stress shielding at the crack tip at different conditions was quantified using a procedure incorporating the inter relations between compliance, crack length, and stress intensity factor. The paper will summarize the results of the above studies.
Book Synopsis Fatigue Crack Growth Analysis of Stainless Steel Under Mode 1 by : Ahmad Azam Azizan Azlan
Download or read book Fatigue Crack Growth Analysis of Stainless Steel Under Mode 1 written by Ahmad Azam Azizan Azlan and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stainless steel is widely used in the industries nowadays due to their good properties of resistance to corrosion and rust. Due to its application in many industries, an analysis of fatigue crack growth was carried out to study the effect of stress ratio. The study of fatigue crack growth is important since fatigue has become a critical issue in industries that plague any structures that is subjected to cyclic and variable loading. A necessary analysis of fatigue crack growth need to be done to study the behaviour of fatigue crack growth. The effect of stress ratio on fatigue crack growth can affect the behavior of fatigue crack growth. In the project, three different stress ratios were used to investigate the effect of stress ratio towards crack growth. As the stress ratio increase, the stress intensity threshold and fracture toughness will decrease. This shows that an increasing stress ratio will lead to material failure. This happens when the stress intensity factor has entered the critical region where it exceeds the fracture toughness value. To remain the material unbroken or fail, the stress intensity factor value must not exceed the value of stress intensity threshold where below the stress intensity threshold value, the material remains stable. An analysis of fatigue crack growth was done using MSC software where the stress analysis is done using MSC PATRAN and MSC NASTRAN. After the results of stress analysis were obtained, the analysis of fatigue crack growth with different stress ratio was done using MSC FATIGUE software. Life prediction of the material is determined using Modified Paris Law equation of Fracture Mechanics. At certain level of stresses, below the endurance limit of the material, the effect of stress ratio does not affecting the life of the material. This is because the stress is not big enough to break the material.
Book Synopsis Fatigue Crack Growth and Life Predictions in Man-Ten Steel Subjected to Single and Intermittent Tensile Overloads by : GO. Njus
Download or read book Fatigue Crack Growth and Life Predictions in Man-Ten Steel Subjected to Single and Intermittent Tensile Overloads written by GO. Njus and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fatigue crack growth behavior was investigated in Man-Ten steel under conditions of constant load amplitude, single tensile overloads followed by constant load amplitude and intermittent single tensile overloads. Constant-amplitude ratios, Rl = Plmin / Plmax, were + 1/2, 0, -1/2, -1 and -2. The single overload test program excluded Rl = +1/2, and the intermittent overload program was for Rl = 0 only. A new simplified mathematical model was introduced which assumes that fatigue crack growth retardation is primarily a function of the overload ratio and the load ratio. The model predicted intermittent tensile overload life within 57 to 112 percent of the experimental life. The average prediction was 77 percent of experimental life. For Man-Ten steel, constant-amplitude crack growth rate versus positive ?? fell within a reasonable scatter band for Rl = 1/2 to -1. However, substantial decrease in life occurred with Rl = -2. Negative values of Rl following a single tensile overload substantially reduced retardation life. Thus compressive stress, either large or small, cannot be neglected in spectrum loading fatigue crack growth life predictions.
Book Synopsis Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior of Four High Strength Steels in Two Humid Environments by : C. E. Neu
Download or read book Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior of Four High Strength Steels in Two Humid Environments written by C. E. Neu and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fatigue crack growth rates (da/dN) as a function of applied stress intensity amplitude (delta K) were determined for four high strength steels (HP 9-4-.45, 18% Ni marage 250, D6Ac, AISI 4340) in air at 10 percent and at 80 percent relative humidities (R.H.). All four steels demonstrated sensitivity to high humidity with crack growth rates in 80 percent R.H. air being one and one-half to two times as high as in 10 percent R.H. air. Overall crack growth rates of three steels, HP 9-4-.45, 18% Ni marage 250, and D6Ac, were similar, while rates for AISI 4340 were uniformly higher than those of the other three steels. (Author).
