Extraction Of Essential Oils From Ginger Rhizome Using Steam Distillation Method

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Extraction of Essential Oils from Ginger Rhizome Using Steam Distillation Method

Author : Khairu Aizam Ibrahim
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 55 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Extraction of Essential Oils from Ginger Rhizome Using Steam Distillation Method by : Khairu Aizam Ibrahim

Download or read book Extraction of Essential Oils from Ginger Rhizome Using Steam Distillation Method written by Khairu Aizam Ibrahim and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essential oils are highly concentrated essences of aromatic plants. It can be extracted using a variety of methods such as steam distillation and solvent extraction. Essential oils have a very high commercial value due to its therapeutic properties. It is widely used in aromatherapy, medicine and as well as flavoring food and drink industries. To get the approximately pure essential oil from raw material, conventional extraction technique like steam distillation is used. Steam distillation is unlikely solvent extraction. This is because steam distillation is to produce essential oils but solvent extraction will produce oleoresin. Pure essential oil can be derived from a part of ginger plant that is the ginger rhizome by using steam distillation method. The extraction of the ginger essential oils began when steam contact to the ginger in the extraction tank. The steam carried out the essential oils from the ginger out of the rhizome and go through the condenser. Then, the steam with the essential oils will be condensed into liquid phase and will be collected in the beaker. Lastly, the two liquids will be separated. To get high quality and quality of essential oils, the fire from burner that burned the tank and produce steam in the tank must be well controlled. Apart from being effective, this study might as well discover potential savings in its operational cost and also environmental friendly.

Extraction of Essential Oil Using Steam Distillation

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (697 download)

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Book Synopsis Extraction of Essential Oil Using Steam Distillation by :

Download or read book Extraction of Essential Oil Using Steam Distillation written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A large number of herb materials contain Essential Oils with extensive bioactivities. Acknowledging the importance of plants and its medicinal value, extraction of Essential Oil had been done using Steam Distillation method. In this project Steam Distillation was used to extract oil from different plant materials like eucalyptus leaves, curry leaves, hibiscus leaves, lemon leaves, marigold flowers, rose flowers, orange peels etc. Research has confirmed centuries of practical use of essential oils, and we now know that the 'fragrant pharmacy' contains compounds with an extremely broad range of biochemical effects. Essential oils are so termed as they are believed to represent the very essence of odor and flavor. The recovery of Essential Oil (the value added product) from the raw botanical starting material is very important since the quality of the oil is greatly influenced during this step. There are a variety of methods for obtaining volatile oils from plants. Steam distillation method was found to be one of the promising techniques for the extraction of essential oil from plants as reputable distiller will preserve the original qualities of the plant. The distillation was conducted in Clevenger apparatus in which boiling, condensing and decantation was done. Analysis of Essential oil was done using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer apparatus, which gives evaluates Essential Oil qualitatively and quantitatively. Volume of Essential Oil obtained was changing w.r.t temperature and time of heating.

The Complete Book on Ginger Cultivation and Manufacture of Value Added Ginger Products (Ginger Storage, Ginger Oil, Ginger Powder, Ginger Paste, Ginger Beer, Instant Ginger Powder Drink and Dry Ginger from Green Ginger)

Download The Complete Book on Ginger Cultivation and Manufacture of Value Added Ginger Products (Ginger Storage, Ginger Oil, Ginger Powder, Ginger Paste, Ginger Beer, Instant Ginger Powder Drink and Dry Ginger from Green Ginger) PDF Online Free

Author : NPCS Board of Consultants & Engineers
Publisher : NIIR PROJECT CONSULTANCY SERVICES
ISBN 13 : 9381039852
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (81 download)

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Book Synopsis The Complete Book on Ginger Cultivation and Manufacture of Value Added Ginger Products (Ginger Storage, Ginger Oil, Ginger Powder, Ginger Paste, Ginger Beer, Instant Ginger Powder Drink and Dry Ginger from Green Ginger) by : NPCS Board of Consultants & Engineers

Download or read book The Complete Book on Ginger Cultivation and Manufacture of Value Added Ginger Products (Ginger Storage, Ginger Oil, Ginger Powder, Ginger Paste, Ginger Beer, Instant Ginger Powder Drink and Dry Ginger from Green Ginger) written by NPCS Board of Consultants & Engineers and published by NIIR PROJECT CONSULTANCY SERVICES. This book was released on 2018-01-11 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ginger is the common name for Zingiber officinale, which was originally cultivated in China and now equally spread around the world. Ginger is a herb but is often known as a spice, with a strong distinct flavor that can increase the production of saliva. The part that is used as spice on the plant itself is the rhizomes or ginger root. This ginger root is traditionally used with sweet foods in Western cuisine being included in popular recipes such as ginger ale, gingerbread, ginger biscuits and ginger cake. It is also used in many countries as a medicinal ingredient which many believe in. Historically, ginger has a long tradition of being very effective in alleviating symptoms of gastrointestinal distress. In herbal medicine, ginger is regarded as an excellent carminative and intestinal spasmolytic. Modern scientific research has revealed that ginger possesses numerous therapeutic properties including antioxidant effects, an ability to inhibit the formation of inflammatory compounds, and direct anti-inflammatory effects. India is the leading producer of ginger oil and dominates the ginger oil market with almost half shares out of total market. China is also known for ginger production and trade of ginger oil. Asia Pacific mainly exports ginger oil to North America and European markets. Increasing number of health conscious consumers, and their demands for natural oils and extracts based products is the major factor driving growth for essential oils and in turn ginger oil market. Ginger is majorly used in spices and thus ginger oils and oleoresins are preferred to prepared dried spices as flavoring in food industry, because they are more stable, contamination free, cleaner and can be easily standardized by blending. Thus the growth of food industry and spices demand are another factors driving growth of ginger oil market. The growth of natural personal care products industry is another growth driver for ginger oil market. The major content of the book are Ginger Cultivation, Farm and Forestry Production for Ginger, Diseases & Pest Management in Ginger, Medicinal Values of Ginger, Active Ingredients of Ginger, Pharmacological Activity of Ginger, Ginger Storage, Ginger Processing, Ginger Oleoresin, Ginger Oil, Ginger Beer, Ginger Powder, Ginger Paste, Instant Ginger Powder Drink, Ginger Candy, Dry Ginger from Green Ginger, Extraction of Ginger Oleoresin from Ginger-Root Using Co2,Production of Ginger Rhizome by Shoot-Tip Culture, Extraction of Essential Oils from Ginger Rhizome Using Steam Distillation Method, Packaging and Labelling BIS Specifications, Good Manufacturing Practices, Sample Plant Layouts, Photoraphs of Machinery with Suppliers Contact Details. This book will be a mile stone for its readers who are new to this sector, will also find useful for professionals, entrepreneurs, those studying and researching in this important area.

Optimization of Essential Oil Extraction from Zingiber Officinale

Author : Noor Amiza Amiril
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 65 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Optimization of Essential Oil Extraction from Zingiber Officinale by : Noor Amiza Amiril

Download or read book Optimization of Essential Oil Extraction from Zingiber Officinale written by Noor Amiza Amiril and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The production of essential oils from natural sources is a highly profitable nowadays. The herbaceous perennial of cooking ginger has been used in culinary uses and home remedies since ancient time. Cooking ginger is also known scientifically as Zingiber Officinale spp. The extraction process of ginger is conducted by undergoes the sample of rhizome which part of the plant contains the active compound of essential oil and pungent compound using hydrodistillation method. The components of the essential oil will be decomposed and will create new components that is unidentified if the extraction process undergoes in high temperature. Hence this study is focused to optimize the condition of hydrodistillation which are the size of sample and time of experiment conducted to extract the essential oil from ginger to yield better essential oil without decompose its components. Then the essential oil obtained will be diluted in n-hexane before analyzed it by Gas Chromatography using the Flame Ionization Detector, (GC-FID). The result obtained from the analysis will be compared between the data gained from the analysis of the reference compound of cineol and compare the result between the data obtained with the reference data of cineol and hydrocarbon. Qualitative analysis shows the powder size yields more essential oil than slices size while quantitative analysis shows the samples of Eoil1 and Eoil2 did yield the marker compound of 1, 8-cineol.

Essential Oils and Waxes

Author : Hans F. Linskens
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 364284023X
Total Pages : 346 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (428 download)

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Book Synopsis Essential Oils and Waxes by : Hans F. Linskens

Download or read book Essential Oils and Waxes written by Hans F. Linskens and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Given the growing importance of essential oils and waxes, this volume deals with the analysis of a broad spectrum of these compounds from many plant origins. Commercial oils such as olive oil are analysed as are trees such as eucalyptus, mentha, cedar and juniper. In addition, analysis of spices, seasoning, seaweeds, perfumes, liquors and atmospheric monoterpene hydrocarbons are to be found in this book. The volatiles of flower and pollen may be of importance in attraction of bees and other insects to certain plants for pollination purposes; this topic is also discussed. Waxes, both in the soil and as leaf components are analysed and presented in such a way making this book valuable to scientists with varying interests worldwide.

Essential Oils Processes And Formulations Handbook

Author : Eiri
Publisher : Engineers India Research In
ISBN 13 : 818673239X
Total Pages : 71 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (867 download)

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Book Synopsis Essential Oils Processes And Formulations Handbook by : Eiri

Download or read book Essential Oils Processes And Formulations Handbook written by Eiri and published by Engineers India Research In. This book was released on 2007 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essential Oils By Steam Distillation, Essential Oil Lemon Basill, Processing Of Fresh Ginger, Gc-Ms Studies, Essential Oil From Cinnamomum, Quality Ev Aluation Of Sandalwood Oil, Kewda Flower Distillation, Composition Of Essential Oil From Bottle Brush, Essentioal Oil Of Ocimum Basilicum L., Composition Of Essential Oil From Flowers Of Keora, Pesticidal Properties Of Sub-Critically Extracted Plant Essential Oils, Manufacturers/Exporters/Lmporters & Traders Of Essential Oils & Aromatic Chemicals With Machinery Suppliers.

Microwave Assisted Hydro-Distillation in Extraction of Essential Oil

Author : Abdurahman Nour
Publisher : LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9783845440811
Total Pages : 180 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (48 download)

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Book Synopsis Microwave Assisted Hydro-Distillation in Extraction of Essential Oil by : Abdurahman Nour

Download or read book Microwave Assisted Hydro-Distillation in Extraction of Essential Oil written by Abdurahman Nour and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2011-08 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of herbs and plants in food industry has a long history.The diversity among the components of the plants has resulted in their use in many applications including in flavors as well as in medicine.The conventional method for the extraction of essential oils are is hydrodistillation (HD), soxhlet in which the essential oils are evaporated by heating a mixture of water and plant materials followed by the liquefaction of the vapors in a condenser. This method suffers from several disadvantages including losses in the volatile compounds, long extraction time and degradation of some components through thermal process. Microwave heating has an incontestable place in analytical and organic laboratory practices as a very effective and non-polluting method of activation.In this book, microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MAHD) was used to extract an essential oil from the Ginger, and Limon grass. Then results compared with the conventional hydrodistillation method.The MAHD resulted in a shorter extraction time compared to the Hydrodistillation (HD), the extraction yield obtained by MAHD is slightly higher than that from HD.And microwave power is very efficient in the extrac

Steam Distillation and Essential Oils

Author : Philipe Dorion
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781790422340
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (223 download)

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Book Synopsis Steam Distillation and Essential Oils by : Philipe Dorion

Download or read book Steam Distillation and Essential Oils written by Philipe Dorion and published by . This book was released on 2018-11-27 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Learn how to distill your own plants to make essential oils at home. I've mastered the art of doing this properly and am transferring my knowledge to you.I had a difficult time finding all this information and it took me years to develop the skills I have today. I've extracted essential oils from an immense still multiple times, as well as my smaller home alembic still.

Aromatic Plants

Author : Amit Baran Sharangi
Publisher : Nova Science Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9781536193985
Total Pages : 386 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (939 download)

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Book Synopsis Aromatic Plants by : Amit Baran Sharangi

Download or read book Aromatic Plants written by Amit Baran Sharangi and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2021 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The history of aroma and fragrance dates back through several ages and civilizations. The sagacity of smell plays a remarkable role for human beings to recognize food. Best fruits can be judged when they are ripe and fit for consumption emitting lovely smell or aroma. The same attribute from flowers attracts insects leading to cross-pollination. India has enjoyed a paramount place in the fabrication of quality perfumes and aromatics since the prehistoric era. The celebrated Chinese voyager Fa-Hien described India as the land of aromatic plants. Indian cities like Delhi, Agra, Kannauj, Lucknow, Jaunpur, Ghazipur, Aligarh, Bharatpur, Mysore, and Hyderabad emerged as centers of national and international trade in perfumery and other aromatic compounds, and were known for their quality across Asia, Europe and Africa. Aromatic plants precisely possess odorous volatile substances in root, wood, bark, stem, foliage, flower and fruit. The typical aroma is due to an assortment of composite chemical compounds. At present, information on the chemistry and properties of essential oils of only about 500 aromatic plants species is known in some detail out of a total of about 1500. Of these, about 50 species find use as commercial source of essential oils and aroma chemicals. It is realized now that perfumes are not the essentials of sumptuousness as they were in the past. It has given birth to new streams of medicinal therapy, aromatherapy, involving the use of essential oils and aromatics derived from plants to treat diseases. Essential oils are also reported to be better than antibiotics due to their safety and broad-spectrum activity. Natural essential oils are also potentially safe insecticides. The essential oil obtained from Acorus calamus having ss-asarone as an active principle produces sterility among a variety of insects of either sex. It has, therefore, been found very useful and secure for the storage of food grains. However, there is still very inadequate research for the cultivation of aromatic crops and extraction of essential oils across the globe. This book has been designed to highlight the associated issues of aromatic plants including the aspects of their classification, importance, uses and applications for human wellbeing, botany, agrotechniques, major bioactive constituents, post-harvest extraction, chemistry and biochemistry of aroma compounds along with an informative modern global research on these plants throughout the world. I hope this book will cater the scholastic services, reward diverse professionals and stakeholders, and serve as an informative handbook for theoretical as well as practical purposes"--

Extraction of Essential Oils from Jasmine Flower Using Solvent Extraction Method

Author : Mohd. Faisal Sulong@A Rashid
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 57 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Extraction of Essential Oils from Jasmine Flower Using Solvent Extraction Method by : Mohd. Faisal Sulong@A Rashid

Download or read book Extraction of Essential Oils from Jasmine Flower Using Solvent Extraction Method written by Mohd. Faisal Sulong@A Rashid and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jasmine essential oils are primarily used in the perfumery industry and have a very high commercial value due to its therapeutic properties. As Jasmine essential oils are composed of heat-sensitive chemical compounds, the use of conventional steam distillation technique would inevitably inflict thermal degradation to the natural fragrance. In this experimental work, solvent extraction method was employed due to its mild extracting condition and lower operating cost. Two different solvents were used, which are ethanol and methanol, respectively. The extract compositions were compared using gas chromatography analysis. Preliminary results showed that volatile oil compounds were successfully isolated from Jasmine flowers using these solvents. It was found that the main constituents of the essential oils were benzyl acetate and benzyldehyde. Further studies also revealed that the composition and yield of essential oils was mainly influenced by the different types of solvents used. The most optimum yield which is 14.53% was extracted using ethanol. Low yield of the jasmine essential oils can be improved in future study by carrying out the research in larger scale.

Green Extraction of Natural Products

Author : Farid Chemat
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527676813
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (276 download)

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Book Synopsis Green Extraction of Natural Products by : Farid Chemat

Download or read book Green Extraction of Natural Products written by Farid Chemat and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-03-11 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extraction processes are essential steps in numerous industrial applications from perfume over pharmaceutical to fine chemical industry. Nowadays, there are three key aspects in industrial extraction processes: economy and quality, as well as environmental considerations. This book presents a complete picture of current knowledge on green extraction in terms of innovative processes, original methods, alternative solvents and safe products, and provides the necessary theoretical background as well as industrial application examples and environmental impacts. Each chapter is written by experts in the field and the strong focus on green chemistry throughout the book makes this book a unique reference source. This book is intended to be a first step towards a future cooperation in a new extraction of natural products, built to improve both fundamental and green parameters of the techniques and to increase the amount of extracts obtained from renewable resources with a minimum consumption of energy and solvents, and the maximum safety for operators and the environment.

Essential Oils

Author : Mozaniel Santana de Oliveira
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 1839626976
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (396 download)

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Book Synopsis Essential Oils by : Mozaniel Santana de Oliveira

Download or read book Essential Oils written by Mozaniel Santana de Oliveira and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-09-09 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essential oils have been used for centuries by communities all over the world in various areas and for various purposes. These include uses in medicine, flavoring, perfumery, cosmetics, insecticides, fungicides, and bactericides, among others. They are natural and biodegradable substances, generally nontoxic or with low toxicity to humans and other animals. Therefore, constant research in these areas represents an alternative for new and more efficient drugs with less side effects as well as obtaining new products and supplies. This book provides a comprehensive overview of the diverse applications of essential oils in a variety of human activities with a focus on the most important evidence-based developments in the various fields of knowledge.

The Essential Oil Maker's Handbook

Author : Bettina Malle
Publisher : Bright Sparks
ISBN 13 : 9781943015009
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis The Essential Oil Maker's Handbook by : Bettina Malle

Download or read book The Essential Oil Maker's Handbook written by Bettina Malle and published by Bright Sparks. This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides instruction on making essential oils in small quantities from indigenous and exotic plants, and discusses how to make chemical-free shower gels, creams, and other products with these oils.

Handbook of Essential Oils

Author : K. Husnu Can Baser
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1420063162
Total Pages : 994 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Essential Oils by : K. Husnu Can Baser

Download or read book Handbook of Essential Oils written by K. Husnu Can Baser and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-12-28 with total page 994 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Egyptian hieroglyphs, Chinese scrolls, and Ayurvedic literature record physicians administering aromatic oils to their patients. Today society looks to science to document health choices and the oils do not disappoint. The growing body of evidence of their efficacy for more than just scenting a room underscores the need for production standards, quality control parameters for raw materials and finished products, and well-defined Good Manufacturing Practices. Edited by two renowned experts, the Handbook of Essential Oils covers all aspects of essential oils from chemistry, pharmacology, and biological activity, to production and trade, to uses and regulation. Bringing together significant research and market profiles, this comprehensive handbook provides a much-needed compilation of information related to the development, use, and marketing of essential oils, including their chemistry and biochemistry. A select group of authoritative experts explores the historical, biological, regulatory, and microbial aspects. This reference also covers sources, production, analysis, storage, and transport of oils as well as aromatherapy, pharmacology, toxicology, and metabolism. It includes discussions of biological activity testing, results of antimicrobial and antioxidant tests, and penetration-enhancing activities useful in drug delivery. New information on essential oils may lead to an increased understanding of their multidimensional uses and better, more ecologically friendly production methods. Reflecting the immense developments in scientific knowledge available on essential oils, this book brings multidisciplinary coverage of essential oils into one all-inclusive resource.

Ginger

Author : P. N. Ravindran
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1420023365
Total Pages : 573 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Ginger by : P. N. Ravindran

Download or read book Ginger written by P. N. Ravindran and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 573 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ginger: The Genus Zingiber is the first comprehensive volume on ginger. Valued as a spice and medicinal plant from ancient times both in India and China, ginger is now used universally as a versatile spice and in traditional medicine as well as in modern medicine. This book covers all aspects of ginger, including botany, crop improvement, chemistry

Essential Oils in Food Preservation, Flavor and Safety

Author : Victor R Preedy
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 012416644X
Total Pages : 932 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (241 download)

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Book Synopsis Essential Oils in Food Preservation, Flavor and Safety by : Victor R Preedy

Download or read book Essential Oils in Food Preservation, Flavor and Safety written by Victor R Preedy and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-09-28 with total page 932 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essential Oils in Food Preservation, Flavor and Safety discusses the major advances in the understanding of the Essential Oils and their application, providing a resource that takes into account the fact that there is little attention paid to the scientific basis or toxicity of these oils. This book provides an authoritative synopsis of many of the complex features of the essential oils as applied to food science, ranging from production and harvesting, to the anti-spoilage properties of individual components. It embraces a holistic approach to the topic, and is divided into two distinct parts, the general aspects and named essential oils. With more than 100 chapters in parts two and three, users will find valuable sections on botanical aspects, usage and applications, and a section on applications in food science that emphasizes the fact that essential oils are frequently used to impart flavor and aroma. However, more recently, their use as anti-spoilage agents has been extensively researched. - Explains how essential oils can be used to improve safety, flavor, and function - Embraces a holistic approach to the topic, and is divided into two distinct parts, the general aspects and named essential oils - Provides exceptional range of information, from general use insights to specific use and application information, along with geographically specific information - Examines traditional and evidence-based uses - Includes methods and examples of investigation and application

Essential Oils

Author : Gulzar Ahmad Nayik
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0323972357
Total Pages : 524 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (239 download)

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Book Synopsis Essential Oils by : Gulzar Ahmad Nayik

Download or read book Essential Oils written by Gulzar Ahmad Nayik and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2023-02-06 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essential Oils: Extraction, Characterization and Applications covers sixteen essential oils from different herbal and aromatic plants, including production, composition and extraction techniques such as distillation, chemistry and properties, characterization and applications. The book also presents their safety, toxicity and regulation, alongside trade, storage, stability and transport concepts. Essential oils in plants, extraction and analysis, and current trends in the use of essential oils, like aroma therapy, agro-food and non-food usage are thoroughly explored. Remaining chapters are dedicated to different essential oils, including lavender, peppermint, sandalwood, citrus, eucalyptus, tea tree, clove, ginger, cinnamon, nutmeg, rosewood, juniper and pine, patchouli, clary, and more. Edited by a global team of experts in essential oils, this book is designed to be a practical tool for the many diverse professionals who develop and market essential oils. Thoroughly explores the extraction and characterization of essential oils Contains comprehensive information on major, popular essential oils Provides an exceptional range of information on properties, applications, safety, toxicity and regulations