Extracting Accountability

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Extracting Accountability

Author : Jessica M. Smith
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262542161
Total Pages : 323 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis Extracting Accountability by : Jessica M. Smith

Download or read book Extracting Accountability written by Jessica M. Smith and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2021-09-28 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How engineers in the mining and oil and gas industries attempt to reconcile competing domains of public accountability. The growing movement toward corporate social responsibility (CSR) urges corporations to promote the well-being of people and the planet rather than the sole pursuit of profit. In Extracting Accountability, Jessica Smith investigates how the public accountability of corporations emerges from the everyday practices of the engineers who work for them. Focusing on engineers who view social responsibility as central to their profession, she finds the corporate context of their work prompts them to attempt to reconcile competing domains of accountability—to formal guidelines, standards, and policies; to professional ideals; to the public; and to themselves. Their efforts are complicated by the distributed agency they experience as corporate actors: they are not always authors of their actions and frequently act through others. Drawing on extensive interviews, archival research, and fieldwork, Smith traces the ways that engineers in the mining and oil and gas industries accounted for their actions to multiple publics—from critics of their industry to their own friends and families. She shows how the social license to operate and an underlying pragmatism lead engineers to ask how resource production can be done responsibly rather than whether it should be done at all. She analyzes the liminality of engineering consultants, who experienced greater professional autonomy but often felt hamstrung when positioned as outsiders. Finally, she explores how critical participation in engineering education can nurture new accountabilities and chart more sustainable resource futures.

Extracting Accountability from Non-State Actors in International Law

Author : Lee James McConnell
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317220560
Total Pages : 339 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (172 download)

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Book Synopsis Extracting Accountability from Non-State Actors in International Law by : Lee James McConnell

Download or read book Extracting Accountability from Non-State Actors in International Law written by Lee James McConnell and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-11-10 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The human rights of communities in many resource-rich, weak governance States are adversely affected, not only by the acts of States and their agents, but also by powerful non-State actors. Contemporary phenomena such as globalisation, privatisation and the proliferation of internal armed conflict have all contributed to the increasing public influence of these entities and the correlative decline in State power. This book responds to the persistent challenges stemming from non-State actors linked to extractive industries. In light of the intersecting roles of multinational enterprises and non-State armed groups in this context, these actors are adopted as the primary analytical vehicles. The operations of these entities highlight the practical flaws of existing accountability regimes and permit an exploration of the theoretical challenges that preclude their direct legal regulation at the international level. Drawing insights from discursive democracy, compliance theories and the Pure Theory of Law, the book establishes a conceptual foundation for the creation of binding international obligations addressing non-State actors. Responding to the recent calls for a binding business and human rights treaty at the UN Human Rights Council, and the growing influence of armed non-State actors, the book makes a timely contribution to debates surrounding the direction of future developments in the field of international human rights law.

Evaluation and Turbulent Times

Author : Jan-Eric Furubo
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351296620
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (512 download)

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Book Synopsis Evaluation and Turbulent Times by : Jan-Eric Furubo

Download or read book Evaluation and Turbulent Times written by Jan-Eric Furubo and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-08 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now more than ever, policy evaluation is an important component in addressing the world's economic crisis. Before it can do so, the discipline must adapt to changing economic and political environments. The contributors address a basic question: What impact do crises have on evaluation and how can evaluation contribute in times of turbulence? Examining the state of evaluation today, the volume's editors cover a broad range of topics, including post-hoc evaluation; shifting economic paradigms; the World Bank Group's response to the global economic crisis; challenges in evaluating financial literacy; evaluating counter-terrorism programs; evaluation in the context of humanitarian crises; and why civil society organizations in sub-Saharan Africa matter in evaluating poverty interventions. The contributors explore the role of evaluation in the search for solutions to global instability. They recognize, however, that in order to address unprecedented crises, evaluation itself needs to be evaluated and updated as part of the process of change and reform. This volume is the latest in Transaction's well-respected Comparative Policy Evaluation series.

Power to the People

Author : Martina Björkman
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 64 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Power to the People by : Martina Björkman

Download or read book Power to the People written by Martina Björkman and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyzes the importance of strengthening the relationship of accountability between health service providers and citizens for improving access to and quality of health care. How this is to be achieved, and whether it works, however, remain open questions. The paper presents a randomized field experiment on increasing community-based monitoring. As communities began to more extensively monitor the provider, both the quality and quantity of health service provision improved. One year into the program, there are large increases in utilization, significant weight-for-age z-score gains of infants, and markedly lower deaths among children. The findings on staff behavior suggest that the improvements in quality and quantity of health service delivery resulted from an increased effort by the staff to serve the community. Overall, the results suggest that community monitoring can play an important role in improving service delivery when traditional top-down supervision is ineffective.

Building Global Democracy?

Author : Jan Aart Scholte
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139498029
Total Pages : 425 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Building Global Democracy? by : Jan Aart Scholte

Download or read book Building Global Democracy? written by Jan Aart Scholte and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-04-07 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The scale, effectiveness and legitimacy of global governance lag far behind the world's needs. This path-breaking book examines how far civil society involvement provides an answer to these problems. Does civil society make global governance more democratic? Have citizen action groups raised the accountability of global bodies that deal with challenges such as climate change, financial crises, conflict, disease and inequality? What circumstances have promoted (or blocked) civil society efforts to make global governance institutions more democratically accountable? What could improve these outcomes in the future? The authors base their argument on studies of thirteen global institutions, including the UN, G8, WTO, ICANN and IMF. Specialists from around the world critically assess what has and has not worked in efforts to make global bodies answer to publics as well as states. Combining intellectual depth and political relevance, Building Global Democracy? will appeal to students, researchers, activists and policymakers.

On the Frontlines

Author : Fionnuala Ni Aolain
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0195396642
Total Pages : 372 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis On the Frontlines by : Fionnuala Ni Aolain

Download or read book On the Frontlines written by Fionnuala Ni Aolain and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-11-16 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gender oppression has been a feature of war and conflict throughout human history, yet until fairly recently, little attention was devoted to addressing the consequences of violence and discrimination experienced by women in post-conflict states. Thankfully, that is changing. Today, in a variety of post-conflict settings--the former Yugoslavia, Afghanistan, Colombia, Northern Ireland --international advocates for women's rights have focused bringing issues of sexual violence, discrimination and exclusion into peace-making processes.In On the Frontlines, Fionnuala Ni Aolain, Dina Francesca Haynes, and Naomi Cahn consider such policies in a range of cases and assess the extent to which they have had success in improving women's lives. They argue that there has been too little success, and that this is in part a product of a focus on schematic policies like straightforward political incorporation rather than a broader and deeper attempt to alter the cultures and societies that are at the root of much of the violence and exclusions experienced by women. They contend that this broader approach would not just benefit women, however. Gender mainstreaming and increased gender equality has a direct correlation with state stability and functions to preclude further conflict. If we are to have any success in stabilizing failing states, gender needs to move to fore of our efforts. With this in mind, they examine the efforts of transnational organizations, states and civil society in multiple jurisdictions to place gender at the forefront of all post-conflict processes. They offer concrete analysis and practical solutions to ensuring gender centrality in all aspects of peace making and peace enforcement.

Good People, Bad Managers

Author : Samuel A. Culbert
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190652403
Total Pages : 209 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis Good People, Bad Managers by : Samuel A. Culbert

Download or read book Good People, Bad Managers written by Samuel A. Culbert and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-05-01 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There's far more bad management behavior taking place today than the well-intentioned doling it out realize... and even more than those on the receiving end are aware of! There's little mystery about what good management entails; the biggest mystery is why people are calling this bad behavior "good enough." Today's managers work in a success and self-preservation mindset, which doesn't always translate to a productive and mission-oriented environment. Too many erroneous assumptions are involved when following the mainstream tenets of work culture, which sap morale, well-being, and performance at both the individual and organizational levels. In Good People, Bad Managers: How Work Culture Corrupts Good Intentions, author Samuel A. Culbert makes readers aware of what bad habits are routinely followed by well-intended managers. Managers need to understand the causes for their constant distraction, become more aware of the negatives they inadvertently inflict, and the hollowness of the rationales they use to justify what they do. Company leaders, CEOs, and top tier managers need to become more aware of the ever-present concerns of their own workforce, implementing the management mentality they want in their company and then teaching their managerial employees how to absorb it. Culbert offers practical advice for effecting this necessary cultural change in the workplace. Peppered with illuminating and helpful case studies throughout, this is the perfect guide for showing managers exactly how to conduct themselves more intelligently, and, as opportunities arise, in a manner that contributes to the common good.

Culture and International Economic Law

Author : Valentina Vadi
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317910753
Total Pages : 307 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (179 download)

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Book Synopsis Culture and International Economic Law by : Valentina Vadi

Download or read book Culture and International Economic Law written by Valentina Vadi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-02-11 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Globalization and international economic governance offer unprecedented opportunities for cultural exchange. Foreign direct investments can promote cultural diversity and provide the funds needed to locate, recover and preserve cultural heritage. Nonetheless, globalization and international economic governance can also jeopardize cultural diversity and determine the erosion of the cultural wealth of nations. Has an international economic culture emerged that emphasizes productivity and economic development at the expense of the common wealth? This book explores the ‘clash of cultures’ between international law and international cultural law, and asks whether States can promote economic development without infringing their cultural wealth. The book contains original chapters by experts in the field. Key issues include how international courts and tribunals are adjudicating culture–related cases; the interplay between indigenous peoples' rights and economic globalization; and the relationships between culture, human rights, and economic activities. The book will be of great interest and use to researchers and students of international trade law, cultural heritage law, and public international law.

Promoting Integrity

Author : A.J. Brown
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351908324
Total Pages : 339 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (519 download)

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Book Synopsis Promoting Integrity by : A.J. Brown

Download or read book Promoting Integrity written by A.J. Brown and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-03-02 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What are the right institutional settings and strategies for ensuring honesty and accountability in public life? How do these settings and strategies relate to one another, and how do we know what is working and what is missing from the whole complex tapestry? Taking Australia as a case study that is relevant to all countries where public integrity is an issue, this book offers some new answers to these larger questions. The collection reviews a variety of existing efforts to understand, 'map' and evaluate the effectiveness of integrity policies and institutions, not just in the government sector but across all the major institutions of modern society. It will be of interest to those in governance, politics, law and public policy.

Dams and Development in China

Author : Bryan Tilt
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 023153826X
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (315 download)

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Book Synopsis Dams and Development in China by : Bryan Tilt

Download or read book Dams and Development in China written by Bryan Tilt and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2014-12-02 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China is home to half of the world's large dams and adds dozens more each year. The benefits are considerable: dams deliver hydropower, provide reliable irrigation water, protect people and farmland against flooding, and produce hydroelectricity in a nation with a seeimingly insatiable appetite for energy. As hydropower responds to a larger share of energy demand, dams may also help to reduce the consumption of fossil fuels, welcome news in a country where air and water pollution have become dire and greenhouse gas emissions are the highest in the world. Yet the advantages of dams come at a high cost for river ecosystems and for the social and economic well-being of local people, who face displacement and farmland loss. This book examines the array of water-management decisions faced by Chinese leaders and their consequences for local communities. Focusing on the southwestern province of Yunnan—a major hub for hydropower development in China—which encompasses one of the world's most biodiverse temperate ecosystems and one of China's most ethnically and culturally rich regions, Bryan Tilt takes the reader from the halls of decision-making power in Beijing to Yunnan's rural villages. In the process, he examines the contrasting values of government agencies, hydropower corporations, NGOs, and local communities and explores how these values are linked to longstanding cultural norms about what is right, proper, and just. He also considers the various strategies these groups use to influence water-resource policy, including advocacy, petitioning, and public protest. Drawing on a decade of research, he offers his insights on whether the world's most populous nation will adopt greater transparency, increased scientific collaboration, and broader public participation as it continues to grow economically.

Corporate Social Responsibility and the Paradoxes of State Capitalism

Author : Ståle Knudsen
Publisher : Berghahn Books
ISBN 13 : 1800738749
Total Pages : 353 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Corporate Social Responsibility and the Paradoxes of State Capitalism by : Ståle Knudsen

Download or read book Corporate Social Responsibility and the Paradoxes of State Capitalism written by Ståle Knudsen and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2023-05-12 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Through a series of case studies in diverse regions of the world, this book explores how transnational Norwegian energy and extractive industries handle corporate social responsibility (CSR) when operating abroad in places such as China, Brazil, and Turkey. With significant state ownership and embeddedness in the Nordic societal model, Norwegian capitalism is often represented as “benign” or ethical. By tracing CSR policy and practice—from headquarters to operations—this volume critically explores the workings of Norwegian corporate capitalism and its engagement with key issues of responsibility, accountability, and sustainability.

Human Rights and Development in International Law

Author : Tahmina Karimova
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317351657
Total Pages : 358 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (173 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Rights and Development in International Law by : Tahmina Karimova

Download or read book Human Rights and Development in International Law written by Tahmina Karimova and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-28 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the legal issues raised by the interaction between human rights and development in contemporary international law. In particular, it charts the parameters of international law that states have to take into account in order to protect human rights in the process of development. In doing so, it departs from traditional analyses, where human rights are mainly considered as a political dimension of development. Rather, the book suggests focusing on human rights as a system of international norms establishing minimum standards of protection of individuals and minimum standards applicable in all circumstances on what is essential for a dignified existence. The various dimensions covered in the book include: the discourse on human rights and development interrelationship, particularly opinio juris and the practice of states on the question; the notion of international assistance and cooperation in human rights law, under legal regimes such as international humanitarian law, and emerging rules in the area of protection of persons in the event of disasters; the extraterritorial scope of economic, social and cultural rights treaties; and legal principles on the respect for human rights in externally designed and planned development activities. Analysis of these topics sheds light on the question of whether international law as it stands today addresses most of the issues concerning the protection of human rights in the development process.

The Squares

Author : Cyrus C. M. Mody
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262369354
Total Pages : 423 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (623 download)

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Book Synopsis The Squares by : Cyrus C. M. Mody

Download or read book The Squares written by Cyrus C. M. Mody and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2022-07-12 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When ungroovy scientists did groovy science: how non-activist scientists and engineers adapted their work to a rapidly changing social and political landscape. In The Squares, Cyrus Mody shows how, between the late 1960s and the early 1980s, some scientists and engineers who did not consider themselves activists, New Leftists, or members of the counterculture accommodated their work to the rapidly changing social and political landscape of the time. These “square scientists,” Mody shows, began to do many of the things that the counterculture urged: turn away from military-industrial funding, become more interdisciplinary, and focus their research on solving problems of civil society. During the period Mody calls “the long 1970s,” ungroovy scientists were doing groovy science. Mody offers a series of case studies of some of these collective efforts by non-activist scientists to use their technical knowledge for the good of society. He considers the region around Santa Barbara and the interplay of public universities, think tanks, established firms, new companies, philanthropies, and social movement organizations. He looks at Stanford University’s transition from Cold War science to commercialized technoscience; NASA’s search for a post-Apollo mission; the unsuccessful foray into solar energy by Nobel laureate Jack Kilby; the “civilianization” of the US semiconductor industry; and systems engineer Arthur D. Hall’s ill-fated promotion of automated agriculture.

Non-State Actors and International Obligations

Author : James Summers
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004340254
Total Pages : 523 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis Non-State Actors and International Obligations by : James Summers

Download or read book Non-State Actors and International Obligations written by James Summers and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2018-10-02 with total page 523 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Non-State Actors and International Obligations examines the contribution and relevance of non-state actors in the creation and implementation of international obligations. These actors have traditionally been marginalised within international law and ambiguities remain over their precise role. Nonetheless, they have become increasingly important in legal regimes as participants in their implementation and enforcement, and as potential holders of duties themselves. Chapters from academics and practitioners investigate different aspects of this relationship, including the sources of obligations, their implementation, human rights aspects, dispute settlement, responsibility and legal accountability.

The Gas Mask in Interwar Germany

Author : Peter Thompson
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1009314831
Total Pages : 341 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis The Gas Mask in Interwar Germany by : Peter Thompson

Download or read book The Gas Mask in Interwar Germany written by Peter Thompson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2023-04-30 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploring the history of the gas mask in Germany from 1915 to the eve of the Second World War, Peter Thompson traces how chemical weapons and protective technologies like the gas mask produced new relationships to danger, risk, management and mastery in the modern age of mass destruction. Recounting the apocalyptic visions of chemical death that circulated in interwar Germany, he argues that while everyday encounters with the gas mask tended to exacerbate fears, the gas mask also came to symbolize debates about the development of military and chemical technologies in the Weimar Republic and the Third Reich. He underscores how the gas mask was tied into the creation of an exclusionary national community under the Nazis and the altered perception of environmental danger in the second half of the twentieth century. As this innovative new history shows, chemical warfare and protection technologies came to represent poignant visions of the German future.

Peacebuilding, Power, and Politics in Africa

Author : Devon Curtis
Publisher : Ohio University Press
ISBN 13 : 0821444328
Total Pages : 373 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (214 download)

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Book Synopsis Peacebuilding, Power, and Politics in Africa by : Devon Curtis

Download or read book Peacebuilding, Power, and Politics in Africa written by Devon Curtis and published by Ohio University Press. This book was released on 2012-09-21 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Peacebuilding, Power, and Politics in Africa is a critical reflection on peacebuilding efforts in Africa. The authors expose the tensions and contradictions in different clusters of peacebuilding activities, including peace negotiations; statebuilding; security sector governance; and disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration. Essays also address the institutional framework for peacebuilding in Africa and the ideological underpinnings of key institutions, including the African Union, NEPAD, the African Development Bank, the Pan-African Ministers Conference for Public and Civil Service, the UN Peacebuilding Commission, the World Bank, and the International Criminal Court. The volume includes on-the-ground case study chapters on Sudan, the Great Lakes Region of Africa, Sierra Leone and Liberia, the Niger Delta, Southern Africa, and Somalia, analyzing how peacebuilding operates in particular African contexts. The authors adopt a variety of approaches, but they share a conviction that peacebuilding in Africa is not a script that is authored solely in Western capitals and in the corridors of the United Nations. Rather, the writers in this volume focus on the interaction between local and global ideas and practices in the reconstitution of authority and livelihoods after conflict. The book systematically showcases the tensions that occur within and between the many actors involved in the peacebuilding industry, as well as their intended beneficiaries. It looks at the multiple ways in which peacebuilding ideas and initiatives are reinforced, questioned, reappropriated, and redesigned by different African actors. A joint project between the Centre for Conflict Resolution in Cape Town, South Africa, and the Centre of African Studies at the University of Cambridge.

The Cambridge Handbook of Undergraduate Research

Author : Harald A. Mieg
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108874673
Total Pages : 877 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (88 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cambridge Handbook of Undergraduate Research by : Harald A. Mieg

Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Undergraduate Research written by Harald A. Mieg and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-07-07 with total page 877 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Undergraduate Research (UR) can be defined as an investigation into a specific topic within a discipline by an undergraduate student that makes an original contribution to the field. It has become a major consideration among research universities around the world, in order to advance both academic teaching and research productivity. Edited by an international team of world authorities in UR, this Handbook is the first truly comprehensive and systematic account of undergraduate research, which brings together different international approaches, with attention to both theory and practice. It is split into sections covering different countries, disciplines, and methodologies. It also provides an overview of current research and theoretical perspectives on undergraduate research as well as future developmental prospects of UR. Written in an engaging style, yet wide-ranging in its scope, it is essential reading for anyone wishing to broaden their understanding of how undergraduate research is implemented worldwide.