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Exposure To Community Violence And Posttraumatic Stress Symptomatology Among Diverse Urban Adolescents
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Book Synopsis Exposure to Community Violence and Posttraumatic Stress Symptomatology Among Diverse, Urban Adolescents by : Jannette Alejandra Urciuoli
Download or read book Exposure to Community Violence and Posttraumatic Stress Symptomatology Among Diverse, Urban Adolescents written by Jannette Alejandra Urciuoli and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Exposure to Community Violence and the Reporting of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms Among Adolescents by : Amy McAdams
Download or read book Exposure to Community Violence and the Reporting of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms Among Adolescents written by Amy McAdams and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Community Violence Exposure, Adverse Childhood Experiences and Posttraumatic Distress in a National Sample of Urban Workers by : Sherry Muterspaugh Walling
Download or read book Community Violence Exposure, Adverse Childhood Experiences and Posttraumatic Distress in a National Sample of Urban Workers written by Sherry Muterspaugh Walling and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Violence continues to plague urban communities. The impact of community violence has been widely researched in children and adolescents; however, adult members of urban communities have been largely overlooked. The current study investigated the community violence exposure of 284 urban community development workers across five U.S. cities. Exposure to community violence, history of adverse childhood experiences, and current level of posttraumatic distress were assessed in order to test the hypothesis that adverse childhood experiences moderate the relationship between community violence exposure and posttraumatic distress. The findings indicate that urban workers are exposed to high levels of community violence with 74.9% reporting direct victimization and 99% reporting indirect violence exposure. In addition, 99% of participants reported exposure to adverse childhood experiences, and 14% of the sample met the diagnostic criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A multiple regression analysis confirmed that adverse childhood experiences and community violence exposure were significantly positively related to PTSD. However, the significant interaction between the two predictors was suppressing rather than enhancing, indicating the salience of ACEs over and above community violence in predicting increased PTSD symptoms when both variables are present. Implications for urban work agencies are discussed.
Book Synopsis Post-traumatic Stress Or Aggression by : Harrison D. Angoff
Download or read book Post-traumatic Stress Or Aggression written by Harrison D. Angoff and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research links community violence exposure (CVE) with both post-traumatic stress (PTS) and aggression in youth from urban environments. Less research has examined the impact CVE has on emerging adults from urban communities, who - according to national statistics - face the highest levels of violence compared to other demographic groups. Emerging adulthood is a period of increased autonomy and responsibility. Understanding individual characteristics that may discriminate among emerging adults who develop PTS from those who develop aggression - mental health concerns that can impede emerging adults' successful transition to adulthood - is an important area of research. Social-cognitive and emotion-related constructs have been implicated as mediators of the link between CVE and the development of aggression throughout adolescence. Once stable, such processes may serve to moderate the link between CVE and its behavioral and mental health outcomes in emerging adults. In the current study, I explored whether normative beliefs about violence and emotional sensitivity to violence moderate the relation between CVE and 1) aggression; and 2) post-traumatic stress symptoms among a sample of emerging adults from an urban community. Results showed positive relations of CVE with both PTS and aggression; a positive relation of normative beliefs with aggression; and a positive relation of emotional sensitivity with PTS. Emotional sensitivity also moderated the relation between CVE and PTS such that the positive link between CVE and PTS was stronger at higher levels of emotional sensitivity. Findings shed light on the importance of examining emerging adult CVE and of considering one's normative beliefs about violence and sensitivity to violence in the presence of aggression and PTS.
Book Synopsis Relationships Between Exposure to Violence, Cognitive Triad and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms in Urban Adolescents by : Nicole E. Anderson
Download or read book Relationships Between Exposure to Violence, Cognitive Triad and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms in Urban Adolescents written by Nicole E. Anderson and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Review of the Efficacy of Evidence-based Programs at Minimizing the Effects of Community Based Violence by : Patricia Russo
Download or read book Review of the Efficacy of Evidence-based Programs at Minimizing the Effects of Community Based Violence written by Patricia Russo and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exposure to trauma, including chronic community violence, during adolescence appears to impact youth's development and adaptive functioning in several domains. Community violence exposure is associated with both internalizing and externalizing difficulties as well attentional impairment, declines in academic achievement, impairment in typical development, and increased substance use. Consequently, treatment implications for adolescents exposed to community violence is a heightened area of concern and a topic that needs to be further investigated. This review begins by summarizing the risk and protective factors that may influence the impact of community violence exposure. The overall aim is to conduct a systematic review of evidence-based programs that have been implemented in the community to determine what specific aspects of these programs have shown to be effective, or ineffective, in treating externalizing and internalizing behaviors exhibited by adolescents exposed to community violence. This literature review closely examined eight articles (six programs) that assessed the impact of trauma, particularly community violence, on psychological well-being. Only articles that and females between the ages of 10 and 17 were reviewed. In addition, the article had to include at least one of the core characteristics of violence exposure: direct victimization or witnessing violence in the community as a risk factor for adolescent well-being. The programs were examined through study sample and design, type of intervention, and key findings on the effects of treatment on mental health symptoms following experience of community violence. All programs found significant improvements in symptoms related to posttraumatic stress, as each program was aimed at treating adolescents who have experienced a form of trauma. However, the specific types of posttraumatic stress symptoms that improved varied by programs. Programs that resulted in significant decreases in depression appeared to place a large emphasis on the cognitive and affect regulation components of therapy. Decreases in anxiety was associated with programs that placed a greater emphasis on implementing multiple ecological levels of intervention, including parent-child attunement and attachment. Results of the present review indicate that taking on a comprehensive and multi-tiered approach to reducing risk factors and enhancing protective factors appears, notably by targeting interventions to focus on the individual and family levels, helps address the generational impact of community violence.
Book Synopsis Relationships Between Exposure to Violence, Symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress and Protective Factors in Urban Youth by : Denise M. Tobianski
Download or read book Relationships Between Exposure to Violence, Symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress and Protective Factors in Urban Youth written by Denise M. Tobianski and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Children of Katrina by : Alice Fothergill
Download or read book Children of Katrina written by Alice Fothergill and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2015-09-01 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When children experience upheaval and trauma, adults often view them as either vulnerable and helpless or as resilient and able to easily “bounce back.” But the reality is far more complex for the children and youth whose lives are suddenly upended by disaster. How are children actually affected by catastrophic events and how do they cope with the damage and disruption? Children of Katrina offers one of the only long-term, multiyear studies of young people following disaster. Sociologists Alice Fothergill and Lori Peek spent seven years after Hurricane Katrina interviewing and observing several hundred children and their family members, friends, neighbors, teachers, and other caregivers. In this book, they focus intimately on seven children between the ages of three and eighteen, selected because they exemplify the varied experiences of the larger group. They find that children followed three different post-disaster trajectories—declining, finding equilibrium, and fluctuating—as they tried to regain stability. The children’s moving stories illuminate how a devastating disaster affects individual health and well-being, family situations, housing and neighborhood contexts, schooling, peer relationships, and extracurricular activities. This work also demonstrates how outcomes were often worse for children who were vulnerable and living in crisis before the storm. Fothergill and Peek clarify what kinds of assistance children need during emergency response and recovery periods, as well as the individual, familial, social, and structural factors that aid or hinder children in getting that support.
Book Synopsis Community Violence Exposure and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder by : Claudine C. Hyatt
Download or read book Community Violence Exposure and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder written by Claudine C. Hyatt and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Traumatic Stress and Its Aftermath by : Sandra Lee
Download or read book Traumatic Stress and Its Aftermath written by Sandra Lee and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-09-13 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explore the aftermath of traumatic stress as it affects various populations, including therapists themselves! This book will educate you about the aftermath of traumatic stress as it impacts people in a variety of settings. It explores the factors that lead to increased or reduced vulnerability to the effects of traumatic stress, emphasizing the impact of cumulative/multiple trauma rather than the effects of a single traumatic incident, to help you design and implement effective prevention and intervention programs. The specific populations and groups addressed in this important book include: adolescent girls involved in armed conflict in Colombia’s guerilla war urban African-American youth—a theoretical model for risk and resiliency people with strong spiritual/religious beliefs—how spirituality can affect a person’s reaction to traumatic stress women in recovery in a community aftercare shelter female trauma therapists—factors affecting vicarious traumatization of helping professionals college students with histories of abuse Providing a framework for understanding traumatic stress-related issues based on a variety of methodologies and measures, Traumatic Stress and Its Aftermath addresses important questions, such as: What is the relationship between the experiences of trauma or other stressful life events, and subsequent traumatic stress? What are the protective factors that can buffer or ameliorate the development of traumatic stress in the face of adverse life experiences, trauma, or other stressful events? How do these questions evolve in different cultural or community contexts, and with different populations? What are the implications for interventions for community institutions and mental health workers? What roles do self-esteem and spirituality play in a person’s reaction to traumatic stress? How do reactions to traumatic stress differ between women who have been sexually abused as children and women who have not? From editor Sandra S. Lee: “Contemporary developments in the study of traumatic stress are shifting. This book reflects an emphasis on the study of traumatic stress in normal community, cultural, or college student populations and groups, while other literature has focused on individuals specifically diagnosed with PTSD. In addition, Traumatic Stress and Its Aftermath: Cultural, Community, and Professional Contexts emphasizes the search for risk and protective factors and factors that can buffer the relationship between trauma exposure and subsequent distress.”
Book Synopsis Polyvictimization by : Julian D. Ford
Download or read book Polyvictimization written by Julian D. Ford and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-05-21 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an overview of the core research and theory on polyvictimization – exposure to multiple types of victimization that may have negative and potentially lifelong biopsychosocial impacts. The contributors to the volume address such topics as measurement issues in how polyvictimization should be assessed and measured; developmental risks of early childhood polyvictimization for maltreated children in foster care; gender differences in polyvictimization and its consequences among juvenile justice-involved youth; the importance of trauma-focused treatment for polyvictimized youth in the juvenile justice system; and the nature of polyvictimization in the internet era. Suited to readers who are new to the topic including graduate and undergraduate students, as well as researchers and clinicians who want a concise update on the latest empirical research from the frontiers of this field, this book provides findings and methodological innovations of interest to researchers and human service professionals. This book was originally published as a special issue of the Journal of Trauma & Dissociation.
Book Synopsis PTSD in Children and Adolescents by : Spencer Eth
Download or read book PTSD in Children and Adolescents written by Spencer Eth and published by American Psychiatric Pub. This book was released on 2008-08-13 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PTSD is a recently named psychiatric condition that unknown before the publication of DSM-III in 1980. The creation of this diagnosis was intensely controversial, and there continued to be considerable reluctance to apply the term to children. The 1985 landmark volume, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Children, edited by Spencer Eth and Robert Pynoos, helped establish the validity of this condition during childhood. Now Spencer Eth has edited PTSD in Children and Adolescents, a work that brings the field of childhood trauma in to the new century by offering fresh insights on five major topic areas in child and adolescent PTSD: Techniques for comprehensive evaluation -- details recently developed diagnostic instruments and rating scales that measure the variety and severity of traumatic symptoms in children and adolescents. Forensic aspects of traumatized children -- surveys legally pertinent issues, including abuse, reliability of traumatic memories, and credibility of child victims. Juvenile offenders and incarcerated youth -- examines the role of trauma in the lives of juvenile offenders, noting that the victimization of delinquents must be specifically addressed in order for an integrated approach to treatment to achieve effective rehabilitation. Biological treatment strategies -- systematically reviews the important role of medications for PTSD in clinical practice, including such topics as biological dysregulation, target symptoms, and the inclusion of drugs into the biopsychosocial treatment plan. The relationship between exposure to trauma in childhood and the development of psychiatric disorders in adulthood -- presents current research on the long-term prognosis of traumatized children and adolescents by analyzing the association between early traumatic exposure, biological substrates, and subsequent symptomatic morbidity. Mental health practitioners and trainees, as well as attorneys, pediatricians, and school personnel, will find this thoroughly annotated volume an invaluable roadmap in their journey toward understanding PTSD and discovering more effective treatments for traumatized children and adolescents. With its eclectic perspective and interdisciplinary format, this exceptional reference will also enhance courses in developmental psychology, social work, and education.
Book Synopsis Group Work with Populations At-Risk by : Geoffrey Greif
Download or read book Group Work with Populations At-Risk written by Geoffrey Greif and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-08-02 with total page 569 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Group Work with Populations a Risk, Fourth Edition is a fundamental resource for practitioners in health and mental health settings and a comprehensive guidebook of group work skills. Geared toward students and professionals gaining a beginning understanding of groups, this volume describes how to work with vulnerable populations. The first chapters, new additions to this edition and written by a new co-editor, provide overarching skills and techniques that apply across group work settings and populations. These skills, along with case examples, provide a template for practice with groups. The vulnerable populations that are addressed include returning war veterans, immigrants, the aging and their caregivers, children and adults who have been abused, and people struggling with substance abuse issues, cancer, and chronic mental illness. New chapters have been added for survivors of sex trafficking, children in need of social skills training, people who experienced intimate partner violence, parents who are homeless, and fathers who are incarcerated. Each chapter (designed to stand alone for easy reference) describes the population and reviews the relevant literature, identifies themes and practice principles, presents case illustrations, provides evaluation guidance, and refers readers to key references and web resources.
Book Synopsis Students’ Perceptions of School Cohesion and PTSD Symptoms in Salvadorian Youth by : Jenny Reyes Siaw
Download or read book Students’ Perceptions of School Cohesion and PTSD Symptoms in Salvadorian Youth written by Jenny Reyes Siaw and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exposure to community violence (CV) whether direct, indirect, or vicarious—can lead to adverse psychological problems such as posttraumatic stress symptoms in youth. El Salvador has been considered one of the most violent countries in Latin America (Geneva Declaration Secretariat, 2015) and as such, Salvadorian adolescents are at a higher risk of CV exposure. As youth spend a large amount of time in school, students’ perception of school cohesion may have an impact on their mental health. In this study, I tested the relationships between perception of school cohesion, the three types of CV lifetime exposure, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomatology in a sample of 813 Salvadorian adolescents. Results from a parallel mediation analysis with bootstrapping indicated that, after controlling for gender, age, and school type, school cohesion was significantly and negatively related to PTSD and all three levels of violence exposure. However, direct exposure was the only significant mediator between school cohesion and PTSD symptoms. Findings from this study suggested that high levels of perceived school cohesion could buffer the relationship between lifetime exposure to direct CV and adolescent endorsement of PTSD symptoms.
Book Synopsis Violence in Context by : Todd I. Herrenkohl
Download or read book Violence in Context written by Todd I. Herrenkohl and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2011 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Edited by four leading violence researchers, this book takes a systemic view, offering a critical appraisal of research and theory that focuses on violence in youth, families, and communities.
Book Synopsis Group Work with Populations at Risk by : Geoffrey L. Greif
Download or read book Group Work with Populations at Risk written by Geoffrey L. Greif and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 569 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This skills focused group work book equips students and practitioners to address the needs of a wide range of under-served populations. Particular attention is paid to building skills for serving a wide range of social and emotional client needs across the lifespan in a variety of settings.
Book Synopsis Adolescent Exposure to Violence and Adult Outcomes by : Scott Menard
Download or read book Adolescent Exposure to Violence and Adult Outcomes written by Scott Menard and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2021-06-17 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book uses life-course longitudinal data collected from a national probability sample of respondents over a span of nearly three decades to examine the impact of multiple forms of exposure to violence in adolescence on a broad range of outcomes in adulthood. The forms of adolescent exposure to violence include general violence victimization, parental physical abuse, witnessing parental violence, and exposure to neighborhood violence. The adult outcomes include adult educational attainment, employment, marital status, income and wealth, mental health, life satisfaction, illicit and problem substance use, general violence victimization and perpetration, intimate partner violence victimization and perpetration, and arrest. The results demonstrate the complex pattern of how the different forms of exposure to violence in adolescence have varying effects on different types of adult outcomes, and matter differently for females and males. Based on these results, implications for theory, policy, and future research are considered.
